Mechanical Engineering Laboratory 3

Objectives

Theory & Principle

List of Apparatus

Procedure

Set Up of Apparatus

Final Data Sheet

1. To know the basic principle and
operation
2. To determine the pump system
parameters when subjected to varying
suction water level and speed
machines with an impeller form
provides positive displacement of the fluid
directly proportional delivery to (rotational)
speed and substantially independent of
head
has a direct relationship between the
motion of the pumping elements and the
quantity of liquid moved
most designs are self-priming;
can handle fluids of extremely high viscosity
and with entrained gas or vapor
aptly has a suck-and-squeeze action
are sensitive to fluids that contain abrasive
solids.
Positive displacement pumps
have a dynamic seal (sliding or rotating) that separates the
discharge fluid from the inlet or suction side

Liquid displacement is theoretically equal to the swept

volume of the pumping element.

Flow rate is determined by the speed of the pumping

element or the number of cycles per time unit.
 The theoretical or ideal flow from a
positive displacement device is fixed
solely by its size and speed and is
independent of pressure.
 Mass flow rate volume flowrate

For incompressible flow, it is more

The amount of mass flowing
common to use volume flow rate
through a cross section per unit
(also known as capacity), V̇, rather
time is called the mass flow rate
than mass flow rate.
 friction head

It is the head lost by the flow in a stream or conduit due to

frictional disturbances set up by the moving fluid.
 total dynamic head
It is defined as the change in Bernoulli head between the inlet and
outlet of the pump.

Note: The dimension of TDH is

length, and it is often listed as an
equivalent column height of
water, even for a pump that is
not pumping water.
 water power
TDH is proportional to the useful power delivered to the fluid. It is traditional to
call this power the water horsepower. By dimensional reasoning, we must
multiply the TDH by mass flow rate and gravitational acceleration to obtain
dimensions of power. Thus,
 three-phase power input
This is commonly used to deliver electricity to commercial and industrial
buildings. In the equation, the power factor, pf​, takes account for the difference
between the real power (which performs useful work) and the apparent power
(which is supplied to the circuit).
 All pumps suffer from irreversible losses due to friction, internal leakage, etc.
Therefore, the mechanical energy supplied to the pump must be larger than the
water horsepower.
In pump terminology, the external power supplied to the pump is called the
brake horsepower, which we abbreviate as bhp.
motor brake power

pump brake power

pump efficiency and
overall efficiency

ηp = ___
WP x 100%
BP
ηo = WP x 100%
___
PI
ROTARY PUMP

ELECTRIC MOTOR (3 PHASE)

STEEL TANK / DRUM

PRESSURE GAUGE
PLATFORM BALANCE

SET OF COUNTER WEIGHTS

AMPROBE

STEEL TAPE
STOP WATCH

TACHOMETER
1. Fill up the suction tank with water from the main supply
and measure the height of the water level.
2. Throttle the discharge valve to fully open.
3. Set the belt and pulley adjustment at specified speed.
4. Measure the tare weight of the discharge drum.
5. For trial 1, start the motor by pressing the green button
at the switch board.
6. Duration of the trial is 1 minute.
7. Before the end of the duration, measure the electric
current using the amprobe, the speed of the pump
using the tachometer and discharge pressure through
gauge.
8. After the one minute trial, press the red button to
switch off the motor.
9. Measure the final weight of water discharged in the
drum.
10. For the next trial, measure the new height of the
water level in the suction tank.
11. Repeat step #5 to #9 of the above procedure.
12. For the succeeding trials, repeat the step by step
procedure above.
13. Compute all the necessary requirements needed to
complete the data sheet.
 SUCTION TANK

ROTARY
PUMP
DISCHARGE TANK
 trial 1 2 3

Pressure (psig) 5 5 5

Suction water level (Inches) 41.75 40.25 40.25

Pump speed (rpm) 1139.5 1013 1029.67

discharge (LBM/s)

line current (amp)

TDH (FEET)

Water power (HP)

Brake power (HP)

Pump eff (%)

Overall eff (%)

 trial 1 2 3

Pressure (psig) 3 3 3

Suction water level (Inches) 48 45 42

Pump speed (rpm) 1100 1080 1090

discharge (LBM/s)

line current (amp)

TDH (FEET)

Water power (HP)

Brake power (HP)

Pump eff (%)

Overall eff (%)

 trial 1 2 3

Pressure (psig) 2 2 2

Suction water level (Inches) 44 41.5 39

Pump speed (rpm) 847 890 889

discharge (LBM/s)

line current (amp)

TDH (FEET)

Water power (HP)

Brake power (HP)

Pump eff (%)

Overall eff (%)