Autoanalysers

The automated machines used in the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory to analyse samples for
various biochemical tests are called Autoanalyser

Principle

Beer Lambert’s law

Parts of Auto analyser

1.Sample tray
2.Reagent tray (8-12 0 C)
3.Reaction Unit with wash station (370C)
4.Mixing System
5.Probes – Sample, Reagents and Wash probes
6.Constant Temperature module
7.Soft ware
8.Recorder & Printer

Types of Autoanalysers

1. Continuous flow Analyser

2. Discrete Auto analyser
a. Semiautomated Analyser
b. Fully automated Analyser
i. Batch Analysers
ii. Random Access analyser
3. Open System analyser
4. Closed System analyser
5. Modular system analyser

Continuous Flow Analyser : Early automated devices are of this type. The samples and
reagents were passed sequentially through the same analytical pathway and separated by
means of air bubbles. Mixing occurs when tubes form a common pathway. The relative
proportions of sample and reagents were determined by their individual flow rates.

Discrete Auto analyser : Coordinate multiple operations into a smoothly functioning system.
They have microprocessors which coordinate the multiple functions of the instrument. The
specimen handling, reagent system, optics and computers are fully integrated.

Open System Analyser :These analysers can use reagents made by any manufacturer.

Closed System Analyser :It is mandatory to use the appropriate reagent recommended by the
manufacturer .

Modular system : The whole system is subdivided into multiple functional unit or modules
which are assembled together into an instrument
Uses of automated analyzers
• Saves labour and time
• Reliable quality control
• Reduce subjective errors
• Works economically

Examples of analyzers
1) Erba transasia XL 640 - Fully auto analyser
2) Erba chem V5 – Semi autoanalyzer
3) Easylyte – Electrolyte analyzer