ELISA

Exp.No:
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Types of ELISA
–Direct ELISA
–Indirect
–Sandwich
–Competitive
Procedure
1. The adsorption of either antigen or antibody to the micro-titer plate.
2. The addition of the test sample and subsequent reagents.
3. The incubation of reactants (formation of antigen-antibody complex).
4. The separation of bound and free reactants by washing.
5. The binding of enzyme to the target antigen or antibody.
6. The addition of substrate (production of a visible signal).
7. The visual or spectrophotometric reading of the assay.

Advantages of ELISA
1. Less costly and safest.
2. Easy visualization of results with high level of accuracy.
3. Specific and highly sensitive assay that can detect protein at the picomolar to
nanomolar range.
4. Easily automated for performance of large numbers of tests.
5. Require minimal reagents.
6. Qualitative detection or Quantitative measurement of either antigen or
antibody.
7. Wells can be coated with antigens or antibodies.
8. Can be done by personnel with only minimal training.

Applications of ELISA
Analysis of hormones, vitamins, metabolites, and diagnostic markers.
Therapeutic drug monitoring.
Diagnostic procedures for detecting infection.