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Swallow-tailed hummingbird
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Conservation status
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Clade: Strisores
Order: Apodiformes
Family: Trochilidae
Genus: Eupetomena
Species: E. macroura
Binomial name
Eupetomena macroura
Campylopterus
macrourus (Gmelin, 1788) (but see
text)
Trochilus macrourus Gmelin,
1788[3]
E. m. macroura (Gmelin, JF, 1788) – the Guianas, north, central, southeast Brazil,
Paraguay and northeast Argentina
E. m. simoni Hellmayr, 1929 – northeast Brazil
E. m. cyanoviridis Grantsau, 1988 – southeast Brazil
E. m. hirundo Gould, 1875 – east Peru
E. m. boliviana Zimmer, JT, 1950 – northwest Bolivia
Description[edit]
The chicks hatch after 15–16 days; they are initially hairless, save for some
grey down on the back, and have dark skin. They start to grow feathers 5 days or so
after hatching, starting with the remiges; the rectrices begin to emerge about 3 days
later. The young are fed 1-2 times per hour on average, and the female spends about
half of the day brooding and feeding her offspring, and the other half flying around and
feeding. The young fledge after 22–24 days but still return to the nest to sleep and be
brooded for some more days; they are independent some 2–3 weeks after fledging.
Two broods may be raised subsequently, sometimes reusing the nest; due to the
prolonged breeding season, three broods might be raised per year in theory, but this
does not seem to happen. The species first breeds at 1–2 years of age.[25]
References[edit]
1. ^ Jump up to:a b BirdLife International (2016). "Eupetomena macroura". IUCN Red List of Threatened
Species. 2016: e.T22687094A93139282. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-
3.RLTS.T22687094A93139282.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
3. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i Schuchmann (1999)
4. ^ Gmelin, Johann Friedrich (1788). Systema naturae per regna tria naturae : secundum classes,
ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis (in Latin). Vol. 1, Part 1
(13th ed.). Lipsiae [Leipzig]: Georg. Emanuel. Beer. p. 487.
5. ^ Sloane, Hans (1725). A Voyage to the Islands Madera, Barbados, Nieves, S. Christophers and
Jamaica : with the natural history of the herbs and trees, four-footed beasts, fishes, birds, insects,
reptiles, &c. of the last of those islands. Vol. 2. London: Printed for the author. pp. 308–309.
6. ^ Brisson, Mathurin Jacques (1760). Ornithologie, ou, Méthode Contenant la Division des Oiseaux en
Ordres, Sections, Genres, Especes & leurs Variétés (in French and Latin). Vol. 3. Paris: Jean-
Baptiste Bauche. p. 726 No. 17, Plate 36 fig 9. The two stars (**) at the start of the section indicates
that Brisson based his description on the examination of a specimen.
7. ^ Hellmayr, Carl Eduard (1929). Catalogue of Birds of the Americas and the Adjacent Islands in Field
Museum of Natural History. Field Museum Natural History Publication 255. Zoological Series. Volume
12. Vol. Part 18: A Contribution to the Ornithology of Northeastern Brazil. p. 387.
8. ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 5. Cambridge,
Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 21.
9. ^ Gould, John (1853). A Monograph of the Trochilidae, or Family of Humming-Birds. Vol. 2. London:
self. Plate 42 and text (Part 6 Plate 1). The 5 volumes were issued in 25 parts between 1849 and
1861. Title pages of all volumes bear the date of 1861.
10. ^ Jump up to:a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January
2022). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 12.1. International Ornithologists' Union.
Retrieved 14 July 2022.
11. ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm.
pp. 152, 236. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
12. ^ Grantsau (1988)
13. ^ Schuchmann (1999), Straube et al. (2006)
14. ^ Schulenberg et al. (2007)
15. ^ Restall et al. (2006)
16. ^ Sigrist (2006)
17. ^ Straube et al. (2006)
18. ^ Jump up to:a b c Oniki & Willis (2000)
19. ^ Oniki & Willis (2000), de Lyra-Neves et al. (2007)
20. ^ E.g. Erythrina speciosa, on which they are opportunistic nectar thieves: Baza Mendonça & dos
Anjos (2005, 2006)
21. ^ E.g. Stifftia chrysantha: Baza Mendonça & dos Anjos (2005)
22. ^ E.g. Pequi, Caryocar brasiliense: Melo (2001)
23. ^ E.g. Fountain Tree, Spathodea campanulata (Bignoniaceae): Baza Mendonça & dos Anjos (2005)
24. ^ Schuchmann (1999), Oniki & Willis (2000), Sick (1993)
25. ^ Jump up to:a b Schuchmann (1999), Oniki & Willis (2000)
Sources[edit]
Baza Mendonça, Luciana & dos Anjos, Luiz (2005): Beija-flores (Aves, Trochilidae) e seus recursos florais
em uma área urbana do Sul do Brasil [Hummingbirds (Aves, Trochilidae) and their flowers in an urban
area of southern Brazil]. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 22(1): 51–59 [Portuguese with English
abstract]. doi:10.1590/S0101-81752005000100007 PDF fulltext
Baza Mendonça, Luciana & dos Anjos, Luiz (2006): Feeding behavior of hummingbirds and perching birds
on Erythrina speciosa Andrews (Fabaceae) flowers in an urban area, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
[Hummingbirds (Aves, Trochilidae) and their flowers in an urban area of southern Brazil]. Revista
Brasileira de Zoologia 23(1): 42–49 [English with Portuguese abstract]. doi:10.1590/S0101-
81752006000100002 PDF fulltext
de Lyra-Neves, Rachel M.; Oliveira, Maria A.B.; Telino-Júnior, Wallace R. & dos Santos, Ednilza M.
(2007): Comportamentos interespecíficos entre Callithrix jacchus (Linnaeus) (Primates, Callitrichidae) e
algumas aves de Mata Atlântica, Pernambuco, Brasil [Interspecific behaviour between Callithrix
jacchus (Linnaeus) (Callitrichidae, Primates) and some birds of the Atlantic forest, Pernanbuco State,
Brazil]. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 24(3): 709–716 [Portuguese with English abstract]. doi:10.1590/S0101-
81752007000300022 PDF fulltext.
Grantsau, R. (1988): Beija-flores do Brasil ["Hummingbirds of Brazil"]. Expressão e Cultura, Rio de Janeiro
[In Portuguese]. p. 57.ISBN 85-208-0100-5
Melo, C. (2001): Diurnal bird visiting of Caryocar brasiliense Camb. in Central Brazil. Revista Brasileira de
Biologia 61(2): 311–316. doi:10.1590/S0034-71082001000200014 PDF fulltext
Oniki, Y. & Willis, E.O. (2000): Nesting behavior of the swallow-tailed hummingbird, Eupetomena
macroura (Trochilidae, Aves). Revista Brasileira de Biologia 60(4): 655-662 [English with Portuguese
abstract]. doi:10.1590/S0034-71082000000400016 PDF fulltext
Restall, R.; Rodner, C. & Lentino, M. (2006): Birds of Northern South America. Christopher Helm,
London. ISBN 0-7136-7243-9 (vol. 1), ISBN 0-7136-7242-0 (vol. 2)
Schuchmann, K.L. (1999). "Swallow-tailed hummingbird". In del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J.
(eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 5: Barn-owls to Hummingbirds. Barcelona, Spain: Lynx
Edicions. p. 554. ISBN 978-84-87334-25-2.
Schulenberg, T.; Stotz, D.; Lane, D.; O'Neill, J. & Parker, T. III (2007): Birds of Peru. Christopher Helm,
London. ISBN 978-0-7136-8673-9
Sick, Helmut (1993): Birds of Brazil - A Natural History. Princeton University Press, Princeton. ISBN 0-691-
08569-2
Sigrist, T. (2006): Birds of Brazil - An Artistic View. ISBN 85-905074-1-6
Straube, Fernando Costa; Urben-Filho, Alberto & Piacentini, Vítor de Queiroz (2006): O Beija-flor-
tesoura Eupetomena macroura (Gmelin, 1788) e sua ampliação de distribuição pelo Sul do Brasil ["The
Swallow-tailed Hummingbird and its distribution expansion in the south of Brazil"]. Atualidades
Ornitológicas 132 [In Portuguese]. PDF fulltext
External links[edit]
Avibase: BEB1ADD22A94A658
BirdLife: 22687094
BOLD: 745543
CoL: 3CLYN
BOW: swthum1
eBird: swthum1
GBIF: 2476667
iNaturalist: 6065
IRMNG: 10217350
ITIS: 555069
IUCN: 22687094
NCBI: 153633
Neotropical: swthum1
Species+: 10630
Xeno-canto: Eupetomena-macroura
Wikidata: Q109563574
ITIS: 1149674
Categories:
IUCN Red List least concern species
Eupetomena
Birds of the Caatinga
Birds of the Cerrado
Birds of the Pantanal
Birds of Bolivia
Birds of Brazil
Hummingbird species of South America
Birds described in 1788
Taxa named by Johann Friedrich Gmelin
Birds of the Amazon rainforest
This page was last edited on 26 March 2024, at 23:26 (UTC).
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