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Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University

Examining the Interstellar Movie from the Perspective of Travel Literature

Merve Horoz - 190103106068

Elif Can Seven - 190103106067
IDE410 British Travel Literature
Dr. Selin Marangoz
05 June 2023
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1. Introduction
The intersection of literature and cinema has long fascinated audiences and scholars
alike, as both mediums possess the power to transport us to distant worlds and immerse us in
captivating narratives. One such film that captivated viewers with its epic tale of interstellar
travel is Christopher Nolan's masterpiece, "Interstellar." Released in 2014, this science fiction
epic delves into the possibilities of space exploration and the human quest for knowledge
beyond our own planet. However, "Interstellar" goes beyond conventional science fiction
tropes, drawing inspiration from a rich tradition of travel literature that explores the human
fascination with discovery and the unknown. This paper aims to examine the intricate
relationship between the movie "Interstellar" and the genre of travel literature, highlighting
the thematic connections and narrative elements that bridge these two art forms. In
Interstellar, Christopher Nolan skilfully weaves elements of travel literature into the fabric of
his narrative, infusing the film with themes of exploration, human curiosity, and the quest for
survival.
2. Director
We cannot go on without talking about the director Christopher Nolan. With films like
"Inception" and "The Dark Knight Trilogy," Nolan has demonstrated his ability to blend
complex narratives with thought-provoking themes. In "Interstellar," he pushes the boundaries
of science fiction filmmaking, seamlessly merging the genre with elements of travel literature.
The movie serves as a canvas for Nolan to examine the profound effects of human
exploration, not only on individuals but also on the collective human experience. By
incorporating elements of travel literature into "Interstellar," Nolan elevates the film beyond
the realm of traditional science fiction, inviting viewers to reflect on the human fascination
with exploration and the eternal quest for knowledge.
3. Characters
The characters in "Interstellar" play a pivotal role in bridging the realms of science
fiction and travel literature, as their personal journeys mirror the experiences of explorers and
adventurers found in travel narratives. Each character represents a distinct facet of the human
condition, grappling with the challenges of space exploration, the vastness of the cosmos, and
the profound impact of their discoveries.
At the centre of the narrative is Cooper, portrayed by Matthew McConaughey, a
former NASA pilot turned farmer. Cooper embodies the archetypal adventurer, driven by an
insatiable curiosity and a sense of duty to save humanity. As he ventures into the unknown, he
undergoes a transformation, transcending the confines of time and space to confront the
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mysteries of the cosmos. Cooper's journey mirrors the existential quest often found in travel
literature, where the protagonist's personal growth and self-discovery are intrinsically tied to
their encounters with the unfamiliar.
Joining Cooper on the interstellar mission is a diverse ensemble of characters, each
with their own motivations and perspectives. Dr. Amelia Brand (played by Anne Hathaway)
represents the scientific pursuit of knowledge, driven by a belief in the power of love and the
interconnectedness of the universe. Her character evokes the scientific explorers of travel
literature who embark on expeditions fuelled by intellectual curiosity and a desire to uncover
hidden truths.
The emotional core of the movie is set by the relationship between Cooper and his
daughter Murph, portrayed by Mackenzie Foy and later, as her grown up version Jessica
Chastain. Their bond transcends space and time, with love serving as a unifying force that
defies the physical barriers of the cosmos. Murph's journey, driven by her determination to
unravel the mysteries of gravity, reflects the relentless pursuit of understanding found in both
travel literature and scientific exploration.
Additionally, the supporting characters in "Interstellar" contribute to the thematic
richness of the film. From the stoic and enigmatic robot TARS which happens to look nothing
like a human but also nothing like the robots that are currently existing. TARS that voiced by
Bill Irwin does not have any human features such as arms legs or any recognizable tell-tales
of a biological organism. TARS is portrayed as a complex tool that performs a role similar to
another crewmate on the ship but has none of the rights afforded to humans. Indeed, TARS
once explicitly states that it is required to follow orders from humans, and that consequently
its heroic sacrifices aren’t as heroic as they seem.
The courageous and loyal crew members such as Romilly, who is an astrophysicist
who joins the crew on their journey to explore potential habitable planets beyond the
wormhole. Romilly character portrayed by David Gyasi. As a member of the team, he
provides crucial scientific expertise and aids in navigating the complex interstellar realm.
Romilly's dedication to understanding the mysteries of the universe aligns with the spirit of
exploration found in travel literature, where scientific observation and discovery are integral
to the narrative. What sets Romilly apart is his resilience and patience. While the crew
experiences the time-dilation effects of space travel, with years passing differently for them
than for those on Earth, Romilly chooses to remain aboard their spacecraft, patiently awaiting
their return.
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Another crew member, Doyle that portrayed by Wes Bently, embodies the relentless
determination and intellectual rigor necessary for the success of the mission. As a scientist, he
brings a pragmatic perspective to the crew, providing logical analysis and critical thinking.
His character represents the rational and analytical aspects often present in travel literature,
where explorers must navigate complex environments and make calculated decisions in the
face of uncertainty. Doyle's character serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness between
science and human emotion. While driven by scientific inquiry, he also grapples with the
emotional toll of the mission, forming bonds of friendship and camaraderie with his fellow
crew members. This emotional depth adds a humanistic touch to the character, emphasizing
the multifaceted nature of exploration, which often encompasses not only intellectual pursuits
but also the complex interplay of personal relationships.
Another significant character in the movie is Professor Brand played by Michael Caine.
As a brilliant physicist and visionary, Brand represents the pursuit of knowledge and the
moral complexities of exploration. His character explores the intersection of science,
morality, and personal connections, providing guidance and wisdom to the crew while facing
ethical dilemmas. Through Professor Brand, the film delves into the intellectual and
emotional dimensions of exploration, highlighting the challenges and sacrifices inherent in the
quest for understanding. Each character embodies distinct facets of the human spirit in the
face of adversity. Their interactions and personal arcs echo the interpersonal dynamics often
found in travel narratives, where diverse individuals come together, forging deep connections
and enduring bonds in the crucible of exploration.
The other important character in the Interstellar is Dr. Mann played by Matt Damon. Dr.
Mann is introduced as one of the pioneers of the Lazarus missions, which were launched prior
to the events of the film to find a new home for humanity. He was sent to a planet called
Mann's Planet, which was believed to be a promising candidate for human colonization. Dr.
Mann serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of selfishness and the importance of
working together for the greater good.
And lastly another character of the movie is Tom portrayed by Timothée Chalamet and
then by Casey Affleck. He is the son of Cooper. Tom lives on a farm in a dying world,
struggling to grow crops and survive in a harsh environment. He resents his father for leaving
him and his sister to pursue his dreams of space exploration, and he is bitter about being left
behind to face the hardships of their dying planet.
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4. Summary
The film is about a group of astronauts who cross the borders of Earth and search for a
new home for humanity. The movie takes place in the near future and the Earth has become
uninhabitable as a result of climate change and various troubles. The main character of the
movie is Cooper (Matthew McConaughey), a farmer and former NASA pilot who lives a
boring life with his daughter Murphy and son Tom. Cooper is very fond of his daughter and
always thinks that she is not a normal baby girl. Cooper takes part in forming a team to
discover a habitable planet in outer space. His involvement in the creation of this team was as
follows. Throughout the movie, we see that there is an anomaly in their house, both the Indian
war drones from ten years ago wandering over their house, and the harvesters, again designed
unmanned for crops, give us a few anomaly foreshadowings, because these vehicles turn
around and end up at the foot of this house. His involvement in the mission is sparked by a
series of mysterious events, such as the appearance of Indian war drones and crop harvesters
near his home, which hint at a greater purpose. One day, during a sandstorm, Cooper
deciphers vague coordinates left by an unknown force in Murphy's room, leading him to a
secret NASA facility. Here, he meets Dr. Brand, an old acquaintance, who reveals that
Cooper's destiny lies in joining the mission to save humanity. While Cooper has always
thought of himself as the chosen one, he realizes that he is not the chosen one and he will
learn this much later.
Doctor Brand tells Cooper that he will solve the necessary equation while he is on the
trip. but the character of the professor has a lie about the equation. Plan A was based on
solving the "quantitative equation of gravity", a special equation used in interplanetary travel.
This equation would be used to discover a new planet where humans could live. However,
what Dr. Brand actually hid was the fact that the equation could not be solved, and Plan A
could not be implemented. Dr. Brand told Cooper that his goal is not to save the world, but to
leave the world behind and find a new habitable planet, and Cooper started his journey with
this purpose. But during the journey, they learned the truth about Plan A and decided to
implement a plan to transport human embryos to a new planet, known as Plan B. Cooper and
his planetary exploration team travel through a wormhole in space to a region that has never
existed before in the known universe. In this region, by examining data sent by a previous
NASA team, they discover that three different planets may be habitable. And they try to
choose the planet that makes the most sense according to the data they get from these planets.
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Dr. Miller's Planet is one that revolves on water and has a perpetually stormy
atmosphere. This planet is visited by the aircraft Lander of the team's ship, Endurance. Dr.
Miller was left here to observe, but ultimately died in the stormy atmosphere.
Dr. Mann's Planet is an ice planet with an ice-covered world on its surface. Here is a
colony founded by Doctor Mann, who is part of the team. However, some problems in this
colony cause Doctor Mann to betray his own interests to save humanity.
Dr. Edmund’s Planet is an Earth-like world in terms of water and vegetation. Dr.
Edmunds established an expedition here, but the fate of the team is still unknown. This planet
is seen as the last hope of Cooper and his team.
The team must make a choice to go to these planets, and that choice will also affect the
fate of Cooper's own family and Earth. Cooper is forced to make a difficult choice to decide
and continues with his mission. The team faces many challenges along their journey. Life
forms and natural disasters on the planets test the team hard.
They first travel to Dr Miller's planet, where they lose a crew friend, Dr Doyle. This
planet is an uninhabitable water planet, and because it is very stormy, it is an uninhabitable
planet due to adverse weather conditions. And every hour spent on this planet is equivalent to
seven hours on earth. While they were on the mission, their crewmates, who remained on the
spaceship to do the calculations on their return, find Romilly aged 23 years. And besides, of
course, their own families have also aged in the world at the same rate.
Secondarily, they go to Dr Mann's planet. When they get to this planet, Dr Mann finds
himself sleeping for a long time, kind of waiting to die. He was left alone, lost all his friends
and, with the depression of being alone and reaching no one on a planet with difficult living
conditions, betrayed the team that came to save him. Cooper tried to escape by leaving it on
the inhospitable planet, but ultimately died himself, and this betrayal also led to the death of
Romilly, another astronaut from the crew.
They moved to these planets according to their positions and proximity. In fact,
although they got the best from Dr Edmunds' planet, they neglected to go there because the
planet he discovered was the farthest away. Actually, at the very beginning of the movie, Dr
Amelia said that they got the best data from here and they should go to Dr Edmunds planet,
but they didn't listen to her because they thought that Doctor Amelia said that because she was
having an affair with Dr Edmunds. Cooper says he has a plan, and together with Amelia, 2 of
the 4+1 crew members survive, they decide to head towards Dr Edmunds planet. However,
they suffer from both fuel and life support shortages. That's why Cooper, sacrificing himself,
throws Amelia's part of the ranger to the planet Doctor Edmunds, a place that could be the
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new world, with mathematical calculations, and he himself falls into the area we call
Tesseract.
In fact, Tesseract is the reflected portion in space that corresponds to the anomaly
above its own house. Here, cooper falls into a region where there is a shift of time and space,
and in that space between which all past and future times are ruled, he encounters his own
daughter and tries to intervene when he encounters his own daughter. This coincidence takes
place right in the bedroom of his daughter Murph, behind the bookshelf where they had
previously dug coordinates with the sand. What we see at the very beginning of the movie,
when his daughter Murph refers to her father as a ghost, is actually her father, Cooper himself.
The person chosen in this movie is Murph, not Cooper, because all these events actually take
place in a little girl's bedroom, and the salvation of the world was achieved with the
coordinates that this little girl received from her father in morse code from her bedroom.
Murph is the person who ensures the implementation of Plan B. Murph stays on Earth
during her father's mission aboard Cooper's Endurance spacecraft and works to get her father
back. As a result of his own research, she discovers that there is a time paradox in the
messages her father sent him, and she thinks that by using this, her father will find
information that will save humanity. Murph specializes in gravity and develops a theory that
underlies the equation to be solved. This theory proposes that the gravitational field can be
manipulated by humans, making it possible for her father to send a message to Earth using
artificial gravitational waves produced by the Endurance spacecraft. This information makes
it possible to implement Plan B. Plan B involves transporting human embryos to a new planet
in a special spaceship. Murph's theory allows the generation of artificial gravitational
fluctuations necessary for humanity's survival and makes it possible to transport human
embryos. Murph helps save humanity at the end of her father's sacrifices for humanity and
plays an important role in humanity's survival.
At the end of the film, Cooper opens his eyes not as an image, but as a 124-year-old
man in the world's age, on the new planet and finds his own daughter many years older than
himself. Cooper's actual age is 124, but his apparent age doesn't seem all that different from
the age he went to, but his daughter is not as lucky. At the end of the movie, a life in the orbit
of Saturn is established. This established life is the planet of Edmunds, the most fertile planet
Dr Amelia mentioned at first, but they were in a dilemma about leaving because they were so
far away from them. After Amelia fell into orbit, she camped there and decided that it was the
most likely planet to live on, and with the help of Murph, a grown-up scientist, Plan B was
implemented, humanity began living on Earth at the Cooper station in Saturn's orbit.
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Throughout the movie, the theme of human exploration and discovery is central. Cooper and
his team push the boundaries of what is known and what is possible, driven by their
unrelenting quest to find a new home for humanity. The film beautifully captures the spirit of
travel literature, evoking a sense of wonder and adventure in the face of the unknown.
5. Motifs
1. Murphy’s Laws
In the movie, the name of the character Murph refers to a popular idiom known as
"Murphy's Laws". Murphy's Laws express a philosophy that states that any event can go
wrong in such a way that anything can go wrong. This philosophy addresses the challenges
faced by the film's main characters, while making their struggle for survival and planetary
exploration even more difficult. The name of the character Murph has also drawn attention
from many critics because the pronunciation of the word "murphy" is similar to the word
"mystery". This is a nod to the film's theme of exploring mysterious events in time and space.
2. Silence in Space
The absence of sound in space is a motif throughout Interstellar. Nolan removes sound
from shots taken from space, grounding the audience in reality and allowing us to experience
space as silently as real astronauts do. The exception is Hans Zimmer's score, which keeps the
audience enthralled in the drama and transitions between silent space shots and sound-heavy
ones inside the spacecraft.
3. Growth - Aging
The film also focuses on the growing up of Cooper's daughter, Murph. This motif reflects
family relationships, and the changes people experience throughout their lives. even growth
turns into aging, reaching a tragic point.
4. Heart of Darkness
Similar to the book, in the movie, Cooper and his team are alone against the limitlessness
of places to explore in the universe, and as a result, it raises questions about human nature,
moral values and limits, like the themes of "Heart of Darkness”. The scene is a reference to
Joseph Conrad's novel, Heart of Darkness, which follows a similar journey into the unknown
and explores themes of isolation, madness, and the search for meaning. The atmosphere on
Miller's planet is bleak and oppressive, with the sound of the crashing waves and the howling
wind adding to the sense of unease. The planet's extreme time dilation also adds a sense of
urgency to the mission, as every hour spent on the surface equates to seven years passing on
Earth.
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5. Dylan Thomas's poem "Do not go gentle into that good night" - Voices
Turning Into Narration
One recurring motif in Interstellar is the transition of speech into narration as the film
switches from the speaker to a new visual. This happens at the start of the film, with the
interviewees speaking to the camera before transitioning to scenes of the Dust Bowl. This
motif is also present when Professor Brand reads the Dylan Thomas poem "Do Not Go
Gentle" as we switch to a view of the Endurance from space. The poem deals with topics such
as old age, death and the struggle for survival. The film concludes with Murph telling Cooper
to find Brand, and her words turning into narration as we see Brand on Edmunds' planet and
Cooper commandeering a Ranger.
6. Themes
1. Isolation & Loneliness
The concept of being alone and isolated is a significant topic in Interstellar. It
demonstrates how such conditions can challenge our rational thinking and ethical decision-
making, pushing us towards prioritizing survival over other values. Throughout the movie,
certain characters, such as Dr. Mann, compromise their principles to stay alive, while others,
like Romilly and Cooper, resort to primal instincts to cope with their separation from Earth, as
evidenced by their reliance on natural sounds.
2. Sacrifice
Interstellar explores the complex theme of sacrifice, which is woven into the plot in
various ways. Characters in the film often find themselves facing situations where they must
choose to sacrifice themselves for the sake of the greater mission. For instance, the Lazarus
pilots knowingly embark on a mission through the wormhole, aware that they may not make it
back alive. Similarly, Doyle's tragic sacrifice on Miller's planet is deemed necessary to save
Brand and TARS. Later in the film, Dr. Mann's accidental sacrifice serves to eliminate his
malevolent and cowardly tendencies from jeopardizing the mission. Finally, the only way to
obtain the data required to solve the gravity equation, save humanity, and send Brand to
Edmunds' planet is to sacrifice TARS and Cooper to Gargantua. To effectively incorporate
such sacrifices into a screenplay, a writer must have a thorough understanding of the story's
goals and the roles each character plays in achieving them. In Interstellar, TARS and Cooper's
roles become expendable weight that the Endurance must shed, with the hope that Brand can
reach Edmunds' planet and transfer the crucial quantum data before they are lost forever in the
black hole.
3. Love
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The love of the movie's main character, Cooper, is used as a major theme throughout the
movie. In his struggle to be reunited with his family, Cooper discovers that love holds
humanity together.
4. Science and technology
The main theme of the movie is science and technology. The film explores space travel,
quantum physics, black holes, and other scientific topics and highlights the importance of
science as humanity seeks to transcend its boundaries.
5. Human nature
Interstellar offers a journey to explore human nature. The film explores the darker sides
of humanity (for example, Dr. Mann's betrayal) and the bonds between people (for example,
Cooper's fight for his family).
6. Future
Cooper, the main character of the movie, carries hope for a future world. The film
highlights humanity's desire to continue space exploration for generations and its struggle to
save humans' futures.
7. Hope
Interstellar explores the theme of hope. At the end of the movie, a solution is found that
could change the fate of humanity, and Cooper continues to act with hope for the future of
people.
7. Symbols
1. Dr. Mann
Dr. Mann starts off in Interstellar as a symbol of hope for the NASA crew who believe
that there is a way to save humanity. This symbolism leads Cooper's team to choose his planet
over Edmund's. However, Mann's character evolves into a symbol of human selfishness and
betrayal due to his desperation and the harsh conditions of his planet. The fact that his name is
"Mann" is significant as it highlights that his fate could have been anyone's.
2. Cooper's Watch
Cooper's watch is a symbol of his connection with Murph through time. Murph's decision
to leave the watch untouched in her bedroom for years signifies her desire to stay detached
from her father's memory. When she finally retrieves the watch, it coincides with her
breakthrough realization that her father is communicating with her from another dimension.
The physical watch is a representation of their unbreakable connection.
3. Quantum
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Quantum physics is the main theme of the movie. Later in the movie, the characters talk
about quantum mechanics and the fragility of space-time. This symbol is used to highlight the
scientific aspect of the film.
4. Fifth dimension
In the second half of the movie, Cooper and the other astronauts travel to the fifth
dimension. This symbol represents humanity's quest to transcend its limits.
5. Albert Einstein and his theories
Einstein's Theory of Relativity influences many scenes in the movie about the concepts of
gravity and time. The film also includes science fiction elements based on Einstein's theories.
8. Conclusion
"Interstellar" takes place in a not-so-distant future where Earth is facing an imminent
environmental catastrophe. As humanity struggles to survive, a group of astronauts, led by
Cooper (played by Matthew McConaughey), embarks on an interstellar journey in search of
habitable planets that could serve as a new home for humanity. Their mission takes them
through a wormhole near Saturn, leading to distant galaxies and unknown worlds. Throughout
their odyssey, the crew encounters various challenges and mind-bending phenomena,
including time dilation and gravitational forces that alter their perception of time. The film
delves into the personal sacrifices and emotional struggles of the characters as they grapple
with the immense distances, relativity, and the consequences of their choices.
As the crew navigates these cosmic frontiers, they face the moral and ethical dilemmas
inherent in their mission, while also exploring the limits of human curiosity and the profound
connections between love, time, and space. The film poses thought-provoking questions about
the nature of humanity, the impermanence of existence, and the interplay between science and
emotion. As we delve into the film's narrative, we explored how the characters' experiences
parallel the trials and triumphs of explorers in travel literature, examining their encounters
with the unknown, their psychological and emotional transformations, and the profound
impact of their discoveries on humanity.
In order to explain the movie in accordance with travel literature, it can be said that the
main characters of the movie "Interstellar" are on a quest to explore other planets where life
can exist outside of Earth. This is one of the main features of travel literature, and many
science fiction works deal with this theme. While the film deals with the problems that
humanity may face in the future, the depletion of natural resources, and climate change, it
emphasizes that humanity must embark on a journey to survive. The purpose of the journey in
the movie is to find a habitable planet for the survival of humanity. This planet will be a new
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home where humans can live in the future. This purpose is a frequently used theme of travel
literature and it can be said that the film uses this theme to deal with human nature, social
structure, the struggle for survival of humanity and scientific progress.
In conclusion, the film "Interstellar" explores human nature, technological progress
and concerns about the sustainability of our planet, using the essential features of travel
literature. The film depicts a future in which humans seek to survive by going into space,
emphasizing that they embark on this journey to discover human nature. For this reason, the
movie "Interstellar" can be considered as an important work in terms of travel literature.
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