BNU1501

October/November 2023

BNU1501

Basic Numeracy

Department of Decision Sciences

EXAMINATION QUESTION PAPER – OCTOBER/NOVEMBER

31 October 2023
EXAMINATION PAPER

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Question 1a [2]

Every rational number is a ______

Answer: The numbers which can be found on the number line and include both rational and
irrational numbers are known as real numbers. Almost any number which you can imagine is a
real number.

[1] Whole number

[2] Real number
[3] Natural number
[4] Counting number

Question 1b [2]

The numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, ... are called

Answer: The whole numbers are natural numbers that include zero.

[1] Whole numbers

[2] Rational numbers
[3] Integers
[4] Natural numbers

Question 1c [2]

Numbers like -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3 are called

Answer: Integers are natural number, zero, and the negative of a natural number.

[1] Whole numbers

[2] Rational numbers
[3] Integers
[4] Natural numbers

Question 2a [2]
Which number can round to 78.95?
Answer: 78.946 can be rounded to 78.95. Because 4 is followed by 6 and 6 is greater than 5, so
increase 4 by 1 to 5.

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[1] 78.955
[2] 78.956
[3] 78.942
[4] 78.946

Question 2b [2]

The number 20.35784 rounded to four decimal places is ________

Answer:
The number 20.35784 rounded to four decimal places is 20.3578. As the number after the fourth
place is 4, which is less than 5.

[1] 20.3579
[2] 20.3578
[3] 20.35
[4] 20.36

Question 2c [2]

Round 34.288 to the nearest whole number.

Answer: The digit on the tenths place is 2. Since 2 is less than 5, we will round down the
number to 34 and remove the following digits including the decimal point. Therefore, the
rounded whole number is 34.
[1] 34.2
[2] 35
[3] 34
[4] 34.29

Question 3a [3]

If a number, 𝑥𝑥, is increased by 7, it will be equal to twice the same number decreased by 3. The
correct equation for the above statement is
Answer: 𝑥𝑥, increased by 7 is: x + 7. Twice the same number, x is 2x decreased by 3 is 2x – 3.

[1] 7𝑥𝑥 = 3(2𝑥𝑥)

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[2] 𝑥𝑥 − 7 = 2(𝑥𝑥 + 3)
[3] 𝑥𝑥 + 7 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 3
[4] 7𝑥𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 3

Question 3b [3]

If a number, 𝑥𝑥, is increased by 3, it will be equal to twice the same number decreased by 3. The
correct equation for the above statement is
Answer: 𝑥𝑥, increased by 3 is: x + 3. Twice the same number, x is 2x decreased by 3 is 2x – 3.
[1] 3𝑥𝑥 = 3(2𝑥𝑥)
[2] 𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 3
[3] 𝑥𝑥 − 3 = 2(𝑥𝑥 + 3)
[4] 3𝑥𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 3

Question 3c [3]

If a number, 𝑥𝑥, is increased by 3, it will be equal to twice the same number decreased by 7. The
correct equation for the above statement is
Answer: 𝑥𝑥, increased by 3 is: x + 3. Twice the same number, x is 2x decreased by 7 is 2x – 7.
[1] 3𝑥𝑥 = 7(2𝑥𝑥)
[2] 𝑥𝑥 − 3 = 2(𝑥𝑥 + 7)
[3] 3𝑥𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 7
[4] 𝑥𝑥 + 3 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 7

Question 4a [2]
Identify the like terms in the following expression: 3ab – 4b2 – 6ab.
Answer: Like terms are formed from same variables and the powers of the variables are similar.
3ab and -6ab are like terms
[1] 3ab, -6ab
[2] -4b2, 3ab

[3] 3ab, 6ab

[4] -4b2, 6ab

Question 4b [2]

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Identify the like terms in the following expression: 4xy – 3y + 44y.

Answer: Like terms are formed from same variables and the powers of the variables are similar.
-3y and 44y are like terms.
[1]4xy, 44y
[2] -3y, 44y
[3] 4xy, -3y
[4] 3y, 44y

Question 4c [2]
Identify all the unlike terms in the following expression: 2a – 3b – 4c.
Answer: Like terms are formed from same variables and the powers of the variables are similar.
2a, – 3b and – 4c are unlike terms.
[1]2a, – 4c
[2] 2a, 3b, 4c
[3] 2a, – 3b, 4c
[4] 2a, – 3b, – 4c

Question 5a [3]

Subtract 4p2 – 3q2 + 5q – 2 from 6p2 – 3pq + 7q2 + 4p – 2.

Answer:
(6𝑝𝑝2 − 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 7𝑞𝑞 2 + 4𝑝𝑝 − 2) − (4𝑝𝑝2 − 3𝑞𝑞 2 + 5𝑞𝑞 − 2)

6𝑝𝑝2 − 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 7𝑞𝑞 2 + 4𝑝𝑝 − 2 − 4𝑝𝑝2 + 3𝑞𝑞 2 − 5𝑞𝑞 + 2 = 2𝑝𝑝2 − 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 10𝑞𝑞 2 + 4𝑝𝑝 − 5𝑞𝑞

[1] 10𝑝𝑝2 – 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 4𝑞𝑞 2 + 4𝑝𝑝 + 5𝑞𝑞 − 4

[2] −2𝑝𝑝2 + 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 4𝑞𝑞 2 − 4𝑝𝑝 + 5𝑞𝑞
[3] 2𝑝𝑝2 – 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 4𝑞𝑞 2 + 4𝑝𝑝 − 5𝑞𝑞 − 4
[4] 2𝑝𝑝2 – 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 10𝑞𝑞 2 + 4𝑝𝑝 – 5𝑞𝑞

Question 5b [3]
Subtract 3ab – a2 – 2b2 from 3a2 + 4b2 + ab.
Answer

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(3𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 4𝑏𝑏 2 ) − (−𝑎𝑎2 + 3𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 − 2𝑏𝑏 2 )

3𝑎𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 4𝑏𝑏 2 + 𝑎𝑎2 − 3𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 2𝑏𝑏 2 = 4𝑎𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 6𝑏𝑏 2

[1] 4𝑎𝑎2 − 2𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 6𝑏𝑏 2

[2] 2𝑎𝑎2 + 4𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 2𝑏𝑏 2
[3] −4𝑎𝑎2 + 2𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 − 6𝑏𝑏 2
[4] 4𝑎𝑎2 + 4𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 6𝑏𝑏 2

Question 5c [3]
Subtract 7p2 – q2 – 5pq from 2p2 + 5q2 + 3pq.
(2𝑝𝑝2 + 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 5𝑞𝑞 2 ) − (7𝑝𝑝2 − 5𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 − 𝑞𝑞 2 )
2𝑝𝑝2 + 3𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 5𝑞𝑞 2 − 7𝑝𝑝2 + 5𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 𝑞𝑞 2 = −5𝑝𝑝2 + 8𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 6𝑞𝑞 2
[1] 9𝑝𝑝2 − 2𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 4𝑞𝑞 2
[2] −5𝑝𝑝2 + 8𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 6𝑞𝑞 2
[3] 5𝑝𝑝2 − 8𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 − 6𝑞𝑞 2
[4] 9𝑝𝑝2 + 2𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 + 4𝑞𝑞 2

Question 6a [2]

What will be the result if the expressions 2x – 4x2y and 16y2x + 2x2y are added?
Answer:
⇒ (2x – 4x2y) + (16y2x + 2x2y) = 2x – 4x2y + 2x2y + 16y2x (Collecting like terms)
⇒ (2x – 4x2y) + (16y2x + 2x2y) = 2x – 2 x2y + 16y2x (Adding like terms).
[1] 2x – 4x2y + 18x2y
[2] 2x – 2x2y + 16y2x
[3] 2x – 2x2y – 16y2x
[4] 2x + 4x2y + 18x2y

Question 6b [2]

1 2 7 1
Find the value the following expression: 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − 13𝑦𝑦 − 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥
6 5 5 6

Answer:

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1 2 7 1 1 1 2 7
𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − 13𝑦𝑦 − 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 = 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥 − 13𝑦𝑦
6 5 5 6 6 6 5 5
2
= 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − 13𝑦𝑦
3
2 9
[1] 3
𝑥𝑥 − 5
𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − 13𝑦𝑦
2
[2] 3
𝑥𝑥 + 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − 13𝑦𝑦
2
[3] 3
𝑥𝑥 − 𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − 13𝑦𝑦

[4] −𝑥𝑥𝑥𝑥 − 13𝑦𝑦

Question 6c [2]

Subtract the following expression: 22ab – 30a2b + 2b from 50a2b – 6b2a – 5b.
Answer:
(50a2b – 6b2a – 5b) – (22ab – 30a2b + 2b) = 50a2b – 6b2a – 5b – 22ab + 30a2b + 2b
= 50a2b + 30a2b – 6b2 – 5b – 2b
= 80a2b – 6b2 – 7b –22ab
[1] 22ab – 80a2b – 6b2 – 7b
[2] 80a2b – 6b2 + 7b – 22ab
[3] 80a2b + 6b2 – 7b
[4] 80a2b – 6b2 – 7b – 22ab

Question 7a [4]

Determine the lowest common multiple (LCM) of the following three terms: 3st, 4s2, 5t2.
Answer:
The multiples of s are: s, s2
The multiples of t are: t, t2
The multiples of 3 are: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42, 45,48,51,54,57,60
The multiples of 4 are: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44,48,52,56,60
The multiples of 5 are: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30,35,40,45,50,55,60
Therefore, the LCM of 3st, 4s2, 5t2 is 60s2t2

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[1] 60s3t3
[2] 30st
[3] 30s2t2
[4] 60s2t2

Question 7b [4]

Determine the lowest common multiple (LCM) of the following three terms: 2p2,6pq4,4p2.
Answer:
The multiples of p are: p, p2
The multiples of q are: q, q2, q3, q4
The multiples of 2 are: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12
The multiples of 4 are: 4, 8, 12
The multiples of 6 are: 6, 12
Therefore, the LCM of 2p2,6pq4,4p2 is 12p2q4

[1] 12p2q4
[2] 6p2q4
[3] 6p4q2
[4] 12p2q2

Question 7c [4]

Determine the lowest common multiple (LCM) of the following three terms: 3a; 6b2 ;7a3b.
Answer:
The multiples of a are: a, a2, a3
The multiples of b are: b, b2
The multiples of 3 are: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, 36, 39, 42
The multiples of 6 are: 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42
The multiples of 7 are: 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42
Therefore, the LCM of 3a; 6b2 ;7a3b is 42a3b2

[1] 42ab

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[2] 42a3b2
[3] 12a2b3
[4] 42a2b2

Question 8a [2]
2
Write the mixed number 5 3 as an improper fraction.
5×3+2 15+2 17
Answer: We multiply 5 by 3 and add 2, then divide by 3 giving us = = .
3 3 3
15
[1]
3
17
[2]
2
15
[3]
2
17
[4]
3

Question 8b [2]
19
Convert the improper fraction 4
to a mixed fraction

Answer: We divide 4 into 19, giving us 4 with a remainder of 3.

19 3
=4
4 4
1
[1] 54
1
[2] 15 4
1
[3] 36
3
[4] 44

Question 8c [2]
Which two improper fractions are equal?
Answer:
15 25
=5=
3 5

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15 15 ÷ 3 5
= = =5
3 3÷3 1
25 25 ÷ 5 5
= = =5
5 5÷5 1

9 8
[1] and
3 2
15 25
[2] and
3 5
16 15
[3] and
4 5
12 20
[4] and
3 4

Question 9a [3]
1 1
Zandi completed 2 2 of her homework before going to the gym and then 1 2 after coming back
from the gym. How much homework did Zandi complete?
Answer:
1 1 2×2+1 1×2+1 5 3 8
2 +1 = + = + =
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
5
[1]
2
8
[2]
2
7
[3]
2
3
[4]
2

Question 9b [3]
1 1
Zoe bought 3 2 kg of potatoes from the market whereas Mandy bought 2 2 kg of potatoes. Find
the total amount of potatoes purchased by both.
Answer:
1 1 3 × 2 + 1 2 × 2 + 1 7 5 12
3 +2 = + = + = =6
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
[1] 2 kg
[2] 3 kg

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[3] 4 kg
[4] 6 kg

Question 9c [3]
1 1
It takes Mary 2 hour to wash, comb her hair and put on her clothes, and 4 hour to have her
breakfast. How much time does it takes Mary to be ready for school?
Answer:
1 1 1 2 1 2 1 3
+ = × + = + =
2 4 2 2 4 4 4 4
2
[1] 4
hour

[2] 1 hour
3
[3] 4
hour
1
[4] 1 4 hours

Question 10a [3]

Simplify the following expression as far as possible.
18𝑏𝑏 2 3𝑏𝑏 8
÷ ×
4𝑎𝑎 4𝑎𝑎 9
Answer:
18𝑏𝑏 2 3𝑏𝑏 8 18𝑏𝑏 2 4𝑎𝑎 8 16𝑏𝑏
÷ × = × × =
4𝑎𝑎 4𝑎𝑎 9 4𝑎𝑎 3𝑏𝑏 9 3
3𝑏𝑏3
[1]
𝑎𝑎2
27𝑏𝑏
[2]
4
16𝑏𝑏
[3]
3

[4] 3𝑏𝑏

Question 10b [3]

Simplify the following expression as far as possible.
7𝑥𝑥 4 12𝑦𝑦 3𝑦𝑦 2
÷ ×
24𝑦𝑦 3 14𝑥𝑥 3 7𝑥𝑥 3

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Answer
7𝑥𝑥 4 12𝑦𝑦 3𝑦𝑦 2 7𝑥𝑥 4 14𝑥𝑥 3 3𝑦𝑦 2 1 7 1 𝑥𝑥 4 7𝑥𝑥 4
÷ × = × × = × × × =
24𝑦𝑦 3 14𝑥𝑥 3 7𝑥𝑥 3 24𝑦𝑦 3 12𝑦𝑦 7𝑥𝑥 3 8 6 1 𝑦𝑦 2 48𝑦𝑦 2

343𝑥𝑥 4
[1]
432𝑦𝑦 2

7𝑥𝑥 4
[2]
48𝑦𝑦 2

[3] 21𝑥𝑥 4 𝑦𝑦 2
3𝑦𝑦 2
[4]
14𝑥𝑥 4

Question 10c [3]

Simplify the following expression as far as possible.
3𝑞𝑞 2𝑝𝑝 𝑞𝑞 2
× ÷
14𝑝𝑝 9𝑞𝑞 4𝑝𝑝
Answer:
3𝑞𝑞 2𝑝𝑝 𝑞𝑞 2 3𝑞𝑞 2𝑝𝑝 4𝑝𝑝 1 1 4 𝑝𝑝 4𝑝𝑝
× ÷ = × × 2= × × × 2=
14𝑝𝑝 9𝑞𝑞 4𝑝𝑝 14𝑝𝑝 9𝑞𝑞 𝑞𝑞 7 3 1 𝑞𝑞 21𝑞𝑞 2

4𝑝𝑝
[1]
21𝑞𝑞 2

4𝑞𝑞 2
[2]
21𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 2

𝑞𝑞 2
[3]
84𝑝𝑝
4𝑝𝑝
[4]
21𝑞𝑞

Question 11a [3]

Simplify the following expression as far as possible.

4√ 3(√ 11 + √ 3)
Answer:

4√ 3�√ 11 + √ 3� = 4√ 3√ 11 + 4√ 3 = 4√ 3 × 11 + 4√ 3√ 3 = 4√ 33 + 12

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[1] 4√ 11 + 3
[2] 12√ 11 + 12
[3] 4√11 + 7
[4] 4√ 33 + 12

Question 11b [3]

Simplify the following expression as far as possible.

√ 16 + √ 20 + √ 9 + √ 320
Answer:

√ 16 + √ 20 + √ 9 + √ 320 = 4 + 2√ 5 + 3 + √ 16 × 20 = 7 + 2√ 5 + 4 × 2√ 5
= 10√ 5 + 7

[1] 10√ 5 + 7
[2] √ 20 + √ 320 + 7
[3] 68√ 5 + 7
[4] 10√ 5 + √ 16 + 7

Question 11c [3]

Simplify the following expression as far as possible.

√ 18 + 4√ 8 − √ 50
Answer:

√ 18 + 4√ 8 − √ 50 = √ 2 × 9 + 4√ 2 × 4 − √ 2 × 25 = 3√ 2 + 4 × 2√ 2 − 5√ 2

= 11√ 2 − 5√ 2 = 6√ 2
[1] 72
[2] 16√ 2
[3] 6√ 2
[4] 13√ 2

Question 12a [3]

𝑥𝑥𝑝𝑝 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥𝑞𝑞 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟
Simplify the following expression: ( ) × ( 𝑟𝑟 )𝑝𝑝 × ( 𝑝𝑝 )𝑞𝑞 .
𝑥𝑥𝑞𝑞 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥

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Answer:

𝑥𝑥𝑝𝑝 𝑟𝑟 𝑥𝑥𝑞𝑞 𝑝𝑝 𝑥𝑥𝑟𝑟 𝑞𝑞 𝑥𝑥𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑥𝑥𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 𝑥𝑥𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞

( 𝑞𝑞 ) × ( 𝑟𝑟 ) × ( 𝑝𝑝 ) = 𝑞𝑞𝑞𝑞 × 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝 × 𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 𝑝𝑝 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟 × 𝑥𝑥 −𝑞𝑞 𝑥𝑥 −𝑟𝑟 × 𝑥𝑥 𝑝𝑝 𝑥𝑥 𝑞𝑞 × 𝑥𝑥 −𝑝𝑝 𝑥𝑥 −𝑟𝑟 × 𝑥𝑥 𝑞𝑞 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟 × 𝑥𝑥 −𝑝𝑝 𝑥𝑥 −𝑞𝑞
= 𝑥𝑥 𝑝𝑝+𝑝𝑝−𝑝𝑝−𝑝𝑝 𝑥𝑥 𝑞𝑞+𝑞𝑞−𝑞𝑞−𝑞𝑞 𝑥𝑥 𝑟𝑟+𝑟𝑟−𝑟𝑟−𝑟𝑟 = 𝑥𝑥 0 𝑥𝑥 0 𝑥𝑥 0 = 1
[1] 1
[2] 2
[3] 3
[4] 0

Question 12b [3]

Simplify the following expressions: (2𝑎𝑎3 𝑏𝑏 2 )4 × 3𝑎𝑎2 𝑏𝑏 3
(2𝑎𝑎3 𝑏𝑏 2 )4 × 3𝑎𝑎2 𝑏𝑏 3 = 16𝑎𝑎12 𝑏𝑏 8 × 3𝑎𝑎2 𝑏𝑏 3 = 48𝑎𝑎14 𝑏𝑏11
[1] 24𝑎𝑎24 𝑏𝑏 24
[2] 48𝑎𝑎14 𝑏𝑏11
[3] 24𝑎𝑎14 𝑏𝑏11
[4] 48𝑎𝑎24 𝑏𝑏 24

Question 12c [3]

𝑎𝑎7 ×𝑎𝑎2 ×32

Simplify the following expression .
(𝑎𝑎4 )3

Answer:
𝑎𝑎7 × 𝑎𝑎2 × 32 𝑎𝑎7 × 𝑎𝑎2 × 32 𝑎𝑎7 × 𝑎𝑎2 × 32
= =
(𝑎𝑎4 )3 𝑎𝑎4×3 𝑎𝑎12
9
𝑎𝑎7 × 𝑎𝑎2 × 32 × 𝑎𝑎−12 = 9 × 𝑎𝑎7+2−12 = 9 × 𝑎𝑎−3 =
𝑎𝑎3
3
[1]
𝑎𝑎3
2
[2]
𝑎𝑎3
1
[3]
𝑎𝑎3
9
[4] 𝑎𝑎3

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Question 13a [3]

𝑦𝑦 3 𝑦𝑦
Simplify the following expression � �
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥

Answer:

𝑦𝑦 3 𝑦𝑦 𝑦𝑦 3 1 𝑦𝑦 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 𝑦𝑦 2
� × � = ( )2 × ( )2 = 𝑦𝑦 3×2 𝑥𝑥 −2 × 𝑦𝑦 2 𝑥𝑥 −2 = 𝑦𝑦 2+2 𝑥𝑥 −2−2 = 𝑦𝑦 2 𝑥𝑥 −1 =
𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥

𝑥𝑥 3
[1] 𝑦𝑦

𝑦𝑦3
[2]
𝑥𝑥
𝑦𝑦2
[3]
𝑥𝑥
𝑥𝑥 2
[4]
𝑦𝑦

Question 13b [3]

Simplify the following expression √ 𝑎𝑎−1 𝑏𝑏 × √ 𝑏𝑏 −1 𝑐𝑐 × √ 𝑐𝑐 −1 𝑎𝑎

Answer:

𝑏𝑏 𝑐𝑐 𝑐𝑐 𝑏𝑏 𝑐𝑐 𝑐𝑐
√ 𝑎𝑎−1 𝑏𝑏 × √ 𝑏𝑏−1 𝑐𝑐 × √ 𝑐𝑐 −1 𝑎𝑎 = � 𝑎𝑎 × � 𝑏𝑏 × � 𝑎𝑎 = � 𝑎𝑎 × 𝑏𝑏 × 𝑎𝑎 = 1

[1] 1
[2] 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎

[3] √ 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎
1
[4] 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎

Question 13c [3]

5
Simplify the following expression �243𝑎𝑎10 𝑏𝑏5 𝑐𝑐10
Answer:
5
1 1 1 1 1
�243𝑎𝑎10 𝑏𝑏5 𝑐𝑐10 = (35 𝑎𝑎10 𝑏𝑏5 𝑐𝑐10 )5 = 35×5 𝑎𝑎10×5 𝑏𝑏5×5 𝑐𝑐10×5 = 3𝑎𝑎2 𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐2

[1] 3𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 2 𝑐𝑐

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[2] 3𝑎𝑎3 𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐 3

[3] 3𝑎𝑎2 𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐 2
[4] 5𝑎𝑎2 𝑏𝑏𝑐𝑐 2

Question 14a [2]

3
Converting 8 to a decimal number, rounded to three decimal digits gives.

Answer
3
= 0,375
8
[1] 0,380
[2] 0,375
[3] 0,830
[4] 0,374

Question 14b [2]

2
How would you write the fraction 10 as a decimal?

Answer:
2
= 0,2
10
[1] 0,2
[2] 0,02
[3] 0,002
[4] 2,0

Question 14c [2]

What decimal represents the shaded part?

Answer:

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1
= 0,25
4
[1] 0,20
[2] 0,75
[3] 0,50
[4] 0,25

Question 15a [3]

What will be the buying price of a soap at R100 when 5% VAT is added?
Answer:
Cost price of soap = R100
VAT = 5%
5
5% of R100 = R100×100 = R5
Buying price = Cost price + VAT = R100 + R5 = R105
[1] R110
[2] R112
[3] R105
[4] R134

Question 15b [3]

If 5% VAT is included in the price of a shampoo bottles bought for R550 then what is the original
price of the shampoo?
Answer:
Let the original price of the shampoo be R x
VAT = 5%
5 5𝑥𝑥
5% of R x = 100
× x = 100
Buying price = Cost price + VAT
5 ×100
R550 = R100
+x
105 𝑥𝑥
R550 = 100
R550×100
x= 105
= R523.81

[1] R577.50

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[2] R523.80
[3] R650
[4] R700

Question 15c [3]

What will be the buying price of 12 kg of sugar at R0.20 per kg when a 9% VAT is added?
Answer:
Cost of one kg sugar = R0. 20
Cost of 12 kg sugar = 20 × 12 = 320
The cost price of sugar = R320
VAT = 9%
9
9% of 320 = 100× R320 = R28.80
Buying price = Cost price +VAT = R320 + R28.80 = R348.80

[1] R378.90
[2] R350.50
[3] R348.80
[4] R398.00

Question 16a [3]

The length and breadth of a rectangle are in the ratio 3 : 1. If the breadth is 7 cm, then the length
of the rectangle is:
Answer
Length : Breadth ⟹ 3 : 1 = x : 7
3 𝑥𝑥
= ⟹ 𝑥𝑥 = 21
1 7
[1] 14 cm
[2] 16 cm
[3] 18 cm
[4] 21 cm

Question 16b [3]

Length and width of a field are in the ratio 5 : 3. If the width of the field is 42 m then its length is:

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Answer
Length : Width ⟹ 5 : 3 = x : 42
5 𝑥𝑥
= ⟹ 𝑥𝑥 = 70
3 42
[1] 100 m
[2] 80 m
[3] 50 m
[4] 70 m

Question 16c [3]

The ratio of the number of girls to the number of boys is 5:4. If there are 25 girls in the class, then
the number of boys in the class is:
Answer
Girls : Boys ⟹ 5 : 4 = 25 : x
5 25
= ⟹ 𝑥𝑥 = 20
4 𝑥𝑥
[1] 20 boys
[2] 30 boys
[3] 15 boys
[4] 40 boys

Question 17a [4]

Find the perimeter of the shape below.

Answer:
Bottom side = 15 mm + 8 mm = 23 mm
Right side = 12 mm – 7 mm = 5 mm
Perimeter = (12 + 15 + 7 + 8 + 5 + 23) mm = 36 cm
[1] 42 mm
[2] 70 mm

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[3] 180 mm
[4] 56 mm

Question 17b [4]

Calculate the perimeter of the figure below

Answer
We first find the length of the top part = 25 cm – 19 cm = 6 cm
Perimeter = (6 + 18 + 25 + 5 + 19 + 13) cm = 86 cm

[1] 85 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
[2] 80 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
[3] 86 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
[4] 81 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐

Question 17c [4]

The adjoining figure below shows a rectangle and a semicircle. The perimeter of the shaded region
to the nearest whole number is

Answer:
14
Radius = 2
= 7cm

Circumference: 𝐶𝐶 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋 = 2 × 3.14 × 7 = 43,98 = 44 cm

Perimeter of the shaded region = 44 + 10 + 14 + 10 = 78 cm

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[1] 70 cm
[2] 78 cm
[3] 56 cm
[4] 46 cm

Question 18a [3]

The perimeter of a square is equal to 88 m. What is the length of the side of this square?
Answer:
All four sides of the square are congruent or equal to each other.
Perimeter = sum of all sides
88 m = 4 × sides ⟹ sides = 88 m ÷ 4 = 22 m
[1] 44 m
[2] 352 m
[3] 22 m
[4] 11 m

Question 18b [3]

What is the perimeter of an equilateral triangle of side 20 cm?
Answer:
Equilateral Triangle has all three sides equal.
Perimeter of the Equilateral Triangle = 20 + 20 + 20 = 60 cm
[1] 80 cm
[2] 400 cm
[3] 40 cm
[4] 60 cm

Question 18c [3]

What is the perimeter of a rectangle with a length of 10 m and the width of 5 m?
Answer:
A rectangle is a four-sided polygon in which the opposite sides are parallel and equal to each other.

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Perimeter = 2 × length + 2 × width

Perimeter of the rectangle = 2 × 10 + 2 × 5 = 30 m
[1] 30 m
[2] 35 m
[3] 20 m
[4] 25 m

Question 19a [5]

Find the area of the shaded region in the following figure

Area of rectangle = l × b = 8 × 6 = 48 m2
1 1
Area of triangle = 2 × 𝑏𝑏 × ℎ = 2 × 4 × 6 = 12 m2

Area of shaded region = Area of rectangle – Area of triangle = 48 – 12 = 36 m2

[1] 36 m2
[2] 38 m2
[3] 40 m2
[4] 42 m2

Question 19b [5]

Find the area of the shaded region in the following figure

Area of rectangle = l × b = 8 × 5 = 40 m2

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1 1
Area of triangle = 2 × 𝑏𝑏 × ℎ = 2 × 4 × 5 = 10 m2

Area of shaded region = Area of rectangle – Area of triangle = 40 – 10 = 30 m2

[1] 25 m2
[2] 27 m2
[3] 28 m2
[4] 30 m2

Question 19c [5]

Find the area of the shaded part in the following figure.

Length = 8 + 2 = 10 in
Area of rectangle = l × b = 10 × 2 = 20 in2
1 1
Area of triangle = 2 × 𝑏𝑏 × ℎ = 2 × 2 × 2 = 2 in2

Area of shaded region = Area of rectangle – Area of triangle = 20 – 2 = 18 in2

[1] 14 in2
[2] 20 in2
[3] 18 in2
[4] 16 in2

Question 20a [5]

Consider the diagram below with measurements indicated on it. The rectangle of diagonal 5 cm fit
perfectly into the circle. Calculate the area of the shaded part of the diagram, correct to two decimal
places.

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Answer:
5 cm
𝑟𝑟 = = 2.5 cm
2
Area of the shaded region = area of the circle - area of the rectangle
Area = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 − 𝑙𝑙 × 𝑏𝑏 = 3.14 × (2.5)2 − 4 × 3 = 7.63 cm2

[1] 66,54 cm2

[2] 7,63 cm2
[3] 6,30 cm2
[4] 27,27 cm2

Question 20b [5]

Calculate the perimeter of the area consisting of part A and part B of the figure.

Answer:
Area = Area of part A + Area of part B = Area of semi-circle + Area of rectangle − Triangle area
1 2 1 1 1
Area = 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 − (𝑙𝑙 × 𝑏𝑏) + × 𝑏𝑏 × ℎ = 𝜋𝜋(9)2 + (12 × 18) − × 18 × 6
2 2 2 2
= 127.23 + 216 – 54 = 289.2 cm2
[1] 1179.9 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
[2] 397.2 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
[3] 190.3 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2
[4] 289.2 𝑐𝑐𝑚𝑚2

Question 20c [5]

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Find the area of the region that is inside the rectangle and outside the circles (blue region). The
circles have a diameter of 3 cm

Answer:
Length = 4 × diameter = 4 × 3 = 12 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
Breath = diameter = 3 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
1 3
𝑟𝑟 = diameter = = 1,5 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
2 2
Area of the shaded region = area of the rectangle - area of the circle
𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 = 𝑙𝑙 × 𝑏𝑏 − 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 12 × 3 − 4 × 3,14 × (1,5)2 = 36 − 28,26 = 7,74 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐2

[1] 1,93 cm2

[2] 7,79 cm2
[3] 28,93 cm2
[4] 7,74 cm2

Question 21a [5]

A wooden lead pencil is in the shape of a cylinder. The pencil is 21 cm long with a radius of 0,4
cm and its lead is of radius 0,1 cm. What is the volume of wood in the pencil?
Answer:
Radius of the pencil, r2= 0,4 cm
Radius of the lead, r1= 0,1 cm
Height = 21 cm
Volume of wood in the pencil = volume of the pencil - volume of lead in the pencil
= π(r2)2h - π (r1)2h = πh[(r2)2 - (r1)2]
= π×21[(0,4)2 - (0,1)2] = π×21×0,15 = 9,9 cm3
[1] 9,0 cm3
[2] 9,4 cm3
[3] 9,9 cm3
[4] 10,1 cm3

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Question 21b [5]

A square fishpond has a solid, fixed circular pillar or island in its centre. The measurements of the
pond are indicated on the diagram above. The circular island has a diameter of 1 metre. Determine
the volume of water that would fill the pond to its brim. Give the answer to the nearest litre.
Answer:
Volume = Volume of fishpond − Volume of circular pillar
V = (𝑙𝑙 × 𝑏𝑏 × ℎ) − 𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 × ℎ = 4 × 4 × 2 − 𝜋𝜋(0.5)2 × 2 = 32 𝑚𝑚3 − 1, 5707 𝑚𝑚3
= 30, 4293 𝑚𝑚3 ≈ 30 429ℓ

[1] 30 429 litres

[2] 25 717 litres
[3] 31 215 litres
[4] 6 429 litres

Question 21c [5]

An ice cream container is 20 cm long, 100 mm wide and 0.06 m high. How many liters of ice
cream can it hold?
Answer
l = 20 c𝑚𝑚 = 20/100 = 0.2 𝑚𝑚; b = 100 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 = 100/1000 = 0.1 𝑚𝑚; h =0.06 m
Volume = 𝑙𝑙 × 𝑏𝑏 × ℎ = 0.2 × 0.1 × 0.06 = 0.0012 𝑚𝑚3 = 1.2 ℓ

[1] 120.0 ℓ
[2] 1.2 ℓ
[3] 1 200.0 ℓ
[4] 12.0 ℓ

Question 22a [3]

What is the gradient and the y-intercept for a straight line with the equation 𝑦𝑦 = −2𝑥𝑥 − 3?
Answer: Straight line equation is: 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑐𝑐. m = Slope = −2, c = y-intercept = −3
[1] Slope = 2, y-intercept = 3
[2] Slope = 2, y-intercept = −3

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[3] Slope = −2, y-intercept = −3

[4] Slope = 3, y-intercept = 2
Question 22b [3]
A straight line crosses the x-axis at (3, 0) and the y-axis at (0, 2). What is the y-intercept for this
line?
Answer:

[1] y-intercept = 2
[2] y-intercept = 0
[3] y-intercept = 6
[4] y-intercept = 3

Question 22c [3]

What will be the slope of the line given by 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑏𝑏 + 𝑐𝑐 = 0 ?
𝑎𝑎 𝑐𝑐
Making y the subject of the formula 𝑦𝑦 = − 𝑏𝑏 𝑥𝑥 − 𝑎𝑎
𝑎𝑎
Straight line equation is: 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑐𝑐. m = Slope = − 𝑏𝑏

𝑏𝑏
[1] −
𝑎𝑎
𝑎𝑎
[2] −
𝑏𝑏
𝑎𝑎
[3]
𝑐𝑐
𝑐𝑐
[4] − 𝑎𝑎

Question 23a [3]

Determine the equation of the straight line passing through the points (2;2) and (3;6).
Answer:
The slope of the straight line passing through the points (2;2) and (3;6) is given by

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October/November 2023

6−2
𝑚𝑚 = =4
3−2
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑐𝑐 = 4𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐
At the point (2;2): 2 = 4(2) + 𝑐𝑐 ⟹ 𝑐𝑐 = −6
𝑦𝑦 = 4𝑥𝑥 − 6
1
[1] 𝑦𝑦 = 4 𝑥𝑥 + 1.5

[2] 𝑦𝑦 = 4𝑥𝑥 − 9
[3] 𝑦𝑦 = 6 − 4𝑥𝑥
[4] 𝑦𝑦 = 4𝑥𝑥 − 6

Question 23b [3]

Determine the equation of a straight-line graph that passes through points (3; −2) and (5; −6).
Answer:
The slope of the straight line passing through the points (3; −2) and (5; −6) is given by
−6 − (−2)
𝑚𝑚 = = −2
5−3
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑐𝑐 = −2𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐
At the point (3; −2): −2 = −2(3) + 𝑐𝑐 ⟹ 𝑐𝑐 = 4
𝑦𝑦 = −2𝑥𝑥 + 4
[1] 𝑦𝑦 = −4𝑥𝑥 + 14
[2] 𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 8
[3] 𝑦𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑥 − 4
[4] 𝑦𝑦 = −2𝑥𝑥 + 4

Question 23c [3]

Determine the equation of a straight-line that passes through two points (4; 4) and (−2; −2).
Answer:
The slope of the straight line passing through the points (4;4) and (−2; −2) is given by
4 − (−2)
𝑚𝑚 = =1
4 − (−2)
𝑦𝑦 = 𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚 + 𝑐𝑐 = 1𝑥𝑥 + 𝑐𝑐

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At the point (4;4): 4 = 1(4) + 𝑐𝑐 ⟹ 𝑐𝑐 = 0 ⟹ 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥

[1] 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥− 4
[2] 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 + 8
[3] 𝑦𝑦 = −𝑥𝑥− 4
[4] 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥

Question 24a [3]

1
If 𝑠𝑠 = 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 + 2 𝑎𝑎𝑡𝑡 2 , make a the subject of the formula

Answer:
1
𝑠𝑠 − 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢 = 𝑎𝑎𝑡𝑡 2 ⟹ 𝑎𝑎𝑡𝑡 2 = 2(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢)
2
2(𝑠𝑠 − 𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢)
𝑎𝑎 =
𝑡𝑡 2
𝑠𝑠−𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
[1] 𝑎𝑎 = 2𝑡𝑡 2
𝑠𝑠−𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
[2] 𝑎𝑎 = � 2
𝑠𝑠−𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢
[3] 𝑎𝑎 = 𝑡𝑡 2
2(𝑠𝑠−𝑢𝑢𝑢𝑢)
[4] 𝑎𝑎 = 𝑡𝑡 2

Question 24b [3]

If 𝐴𝐴 = 2𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 + 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋ℎ , make h the subject of the formula
𝐴𝐴 − 2𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋ℎ
𝐴𝐴 − 2𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
ℎ=
2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
𝐴𝐴−2𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2
[1] ℎ = 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
[2] ℎ = 𝐴𝐴 − 2𝜋𝜋𝑟𝑟 2 − 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
𝐴𝐴
[3] ℎ = −𝑟𝑟 − 2𝜋𝜋𝜋𝜋
[4] ℎ = 𝐴𝐴 − 𝑟𝑟

Question 24c [3]

9
Make 𝐶𝐶 the subject of the formula if 𝐹𝐹 = 5 𝐶𝐶 + 32.

Answer:

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9 9 5 5𝐹𝐹 160
𝐹𝐹 = 𝐶𝐶 + 32 ⇒ 𝐶𝐶 = 𝐹𝐹 − 32 ⇒ 𝐶𝐶 = (𝐹𝐹 − 32) ⇒ 𝐶𝐶 = −
5 5 9 9 9

5𝐹𝐹−32
[1] 𝐶𝐶 = 9
5𝐹𝐹 160
[2] 𝐶𝐶 = 9
+ 9
5𝐹𝐹+32
[3] 𝐶𝐶 = 9
5𝐹𝐹 160
[4] 𝐶𝐶 = 9
− 9

Question 25a [2]

If 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 = 6𝑧𝑧, then y =
2𝑥𝑥−6𝑧𝑧
Answer: 2𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 = 6𝑧𝑧 ⟹ −3𝑦𝑦 = 6𝑧𝑧 − 2𝑥𝑥 ⟹ 𝑦𝑦 = 3
2𝑥𝑥−2𝑧𝑧
[1] 𝑦𝑦 = 3
2𝑥𝑥−6𝑧𝑧
[2] 𝑦𝑦 = 3
6𝑧𝑧−2𝑥𝑥
[3] 𝑦𝑦 = 3
2𝑥𝑥+6𝑧𝑧
[4] 𝑦𝑦 = 3

Question 25b [2]

Solve the equation for x:
2𝑥𝑥 − 5𝑦𝑦 = 𝑝𝑝
Answer
5𝑦𝑦 + 𝑝𝑝
2𝑥𝑥 − 5𝑦𝑦 = 𝑝𝑝 ⟹ 2𝑥𝑥 = 5𝑦𝑦 + 𝑝𝑝 ⟹ 𝑥𝑥 =
2
𝑝𝑝−57
[1] 𝑥𝑥 = 2
5𝑦𝑦−𝑝𝑝
[2] 𝑥𝑥 = 2
5𝑦𝑦+𝑝𝑝
[3] 𝑥𝑥 = 2
−5𝑦𝑦−𝑝𝑝
[4] 𝑥𝑥 = 2

Question 25c [2]

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October/November 2023

Solve for 𝑦𝑦 in the following equation.

2(2𝑦𝑦 − 1) − 3𝑦𝑦 = 4 − 𝑦𝑦
Answer: 2(2𝑦𝑦 − 1) = 4𝑦𝑦 − 2 − 3𝑦𝑦 = 4 − 𝑦𝑦 ⟹ y = 3
5
[1] 𝑦𝑦 = 2
[2] 𝑦𝑦 = 0
[3] 𝑦𝑦 = 3
[4] 𝑦𝑦 = −2

Question 26a [2]

If you are calculating the simple interest and you are given the time in months, how can you find
the time in years?
[1] Add 12 to the months.
[2] Multiply 12 times the months.
[3] Multiply the months by 1.
[4] Divide the months by 12.

Question 26b [2]

The interest is calculated using the following formula: I = Prt . Where P is:
[1] Period
[2] Penalty
[3] Principal debt
[4] Prime rate

Question 26c [2]

When using the compound interest formula, how do you find the interest?
[1] Multiply by the principal amount.
[2] Subtract the principal amount.
[3] Add the principal amount.
[4] Leave the interest alone.

Question 27a [5]

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 BNU1501
October/November 2023

The cost of first year BCom degree increased from R46 000 to R61 000 over 5 a years’ period.
The average annual rate of increase of the first year BCom degree over 5 years, rounded to two
decimal places, is
Answer:
r = i; S = R61 000; 𝑃𝑃 = R46 000; n =5.
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑃𝑃(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛

R61 000 = 𝑅𝑅46 000(1 + 𝑖𝑖)5

𝑅𝑅61 000
= (1 + 𝑖𝑖)5
𝑅𝑅46 000
61 1
𝑖𝑖 = ( )5 − 1 = 0,05807 = 5,81%
46
[1] 7.22%
[2] 6.89%
[3] 5.79%
[4] 5.81%

Question 27b [5]

The average price of a one-bedroom student flat in the Johannesburg CBD increased from R151
300 to R230 592.50 over a period 7 years. What is the average annual rate of increase of the one-
bedroom student flat over 7 years? (Round your answers to two decimal places.)

Answer:
r = i; S = R230 592.50; 𝑃𝑃 = R151 300; n =7.
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑃𝑃(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛
230 592,50 = 151 300(1 + 𝑖𝑖)7
230 592,50
= (1 + 𝑖𝑖)7
151 300
230 592,50 1
𝑖𝑖 = ( )7 − 1 = 0,06205 = 6.21%
151 300
[1] 7.22%
[2] 6.21%
[3] 6.79%
[4] 6.97%

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October/November 2023

Question 27c [5]

The cost of renting a two-bedroom flat in Hatfield increased from R5 400 to R6 900 over 3 years.
Calculate the average annual rate of increase of renting a two-bedroom flat in Hatfield over 3 years.
(Rounded to two decimal places).
Answer:
r = i; S = R6 900; 𝑃𝑃 = R5 400; n =3.
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑃𝑃(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛

𝑅𝑅6 900 = 𝑅𝑅5 400(1 + 𝑖𝑖)3

6 900
= (1 + 𝑖𝑖)3
5 400
69 1
𝑖𝑖 = ( )3 − 1 = 0,0851383 = 8.51%
54
[1] 8.51%
[2] 8.21%
[3] 7.79%
[4] 7.97%

Question 28a [6]

An investor invests an amount of R60 500 at the end of every month into an account earning 8%
interest per year, compounded monthly over a period of 10 years. Determine the accumulated
amount John will receive at the end 10 years.
Answer:
S = ?; R = R60 500; t = 10 years; compounded monthly, m = 12, n = t×m = 3×12; i = 8% = 0,08
(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 − 1
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑅𝑅[ ]
𝑖𝑖
𝑟𝑟
(1 + 𝑚𝑚)𝑡𝑡×𝑚𝑚 − 1
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑅𝑅[ 𝑟𝑟 ]
𝑚𝑚
0.08
(1 + 12 )10×12 − 1
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑅𝑅60 500 � � = 𝑅𝑅11 068 482,11
0.08
12
[1] R623 477,40
[2] R9 827 768,19
[3] 𝑅𝑅11 068 482,11

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October/November 2023

[4] R20 143 028,39

Question 28b [6]

A negotiable certificate of deposit (NCD) is a savings instrument that many banks offer. It usually
gives a higher interest rate, but you cannot access your investment for a specified length of time.
Suppose you deposit R3000 at the end of every month into an account earning 6% interest,
compounded monthly. How much will the account accumulated after 20 years?
Answer:
S = ?; R = R3000; t =20 years; compounded quarterly, m = 12, n = t×m = 20×12; i = 6% = 0,06
(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 − 1
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑅𝑅[ ]
𝑖𝑖
𝑟𝑟
(1 + 𝑚𝑚)𝑡𝑡×𝑚𝑚 − 1
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑅𝑅[ 𝑟𝑟 ]
𝑚𝑚
0.06
(1 + 12 )20×12 − 1
𝑆𝑆 = 3000 � � = R1 386 122,69
0.06
12

[1] R1 386 122,69

[2] R62 937,35
[3] R37 006,69
[4] R1 986 122,69

Question 28c [6]

A young employee deposited an amount of R600 at the end of every month into an account earning
6% interest per year, compounded semi-annually over a period of 3 years. Determine the
accumulated amount the employee will receive at the end 3 years.
Answer:
S = ?; R = R600; t =3 years; compounded semi-annually, m = 2, n = t×m = 3×2; i = 6% = 0,06
(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 − 1
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑅𝑅[ ]
𝑖𝑖

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 BNU1501
October/November 2023

𝑟𝑟
(1 + 𝑚𝑚)𝑡𝑡×𝑚𝑚 − 1
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑅𝑅[ 𝑟𝑟 ]
𝑚𝑚
0.06
(1 + 2 )3×2 − 1
𝑆𝑆 = 600 � � = 𝑅𝑅3 881,05
0.06
2
[1] R3 824,73
[2] R3 881,05
[3] R3 722,61
[4] R3 601,66

Question 29a [5]

How many years will it take for an investment to double in value if it earns 5% compounded
annually?
Answer:
r = 5% = 0.05; compounding periods, m = 1; S = 2P; t = ?.
0,05 1×𝑡𝑡
2𝑃𝑃 = 𝑃𝑃(1 + ) = 𝑃𝑃(1,05)𝑡𝑡
1
ln 2 = 𝑡𝑡 ln (1,05)
ln (2)
𝑡𝑡 = ≈ 14.2 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦
ln (1,05)
[1] 16.2 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦
[2] 12.4 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦
[3] 11.7 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦
[4] 14.2 𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦𝑦

Question 29b [5]

Mrs Smit saved a total amount R200 000.00 for her daughter’s education. If every year, she has
deposited R10 500.00 into an account earning 8,5% interest per year compounded annually. How
long, rounded to one decimal place did it took her to accumulate the total amount?
Answer
S = R200 000.00; R = R10 500.00; n =? years; i = 8,5% = 0,085
(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 − 1
𝑆𝑆 = 𝑅𝑅[ ]
𝑖𝑖
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 BNU1501
October/November 2023

𝑆𝑆 × 𝑖𝑖 200 000 × 0,085

ln( 𝑅𝑅 + 1) ln( 10 500
+ 1)
𝑛𝑛 = = = 11.8
ln(1 + 𝑖𝑖) ln(1 + 0,085)
[1] 11.8 years
[2] 9.4 years
[3] 11.1 years
[4] 10.0 years

Question 29c [5]

Ronald saved a total amount R105 000.00. If every year, he has deposited R 28 500.00 into an
account earning 6,04% interest per year. How long, rounded to one decimal place did it took him
to accumulate the total amount?
𝑆𝑆 × 𝑖𝑖 𝑅𝑅105 000 × 0,0604
ln( 𝑅𝑅 + 1) ln( 28 500
+ 1)
𝑛𝑛 = = = 3.4
ln(1 + 𝑖𝑖) ln(1 + 0,0604)

[1] 3.0 years

[2] 3.4 years
[3] 5.1 years
[4] 6.0 years

Question 30a [6]

Thabo wants to buy wireless Bluetooth earphones which costs R1 000. He is impatient and does
not want to wait and save the money to buy himself the earphones. He applies for a bank loan. The
bank approves the loan and gives Thabo four (4) years to amortise the loan. The bank charges an
interest rate of 5% compounded yearly for the loan. Find the yearly instalment that Thabo has to
pay to the bank.
Answer:
P = R1 000; t =4 years; i = 5% = 0,05; compounded yearly, m = 1, n = t×m = 4×1;
R = ?;
(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 − 1
𝑃𝑃 = 𝑅𝑅[ ]
𝑖𝑖(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛
(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 − 1
𝑅𝑅 = 𝑃𝑃 ÷ [ ]
𝑖𝑖(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛
(1 + 0.05)4 − 1 0,215506 𝑅𝑅1000
𝑅𝑅 = 𝑅𝑅1000 ÷ � 4
� = 𝑅𝑅1000 ÷ � �= = 𝑅𝑅282,01
0,05 × (1 + 0,05) 0,060775 3,545951

[1] R282,01

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 BNU1501
October/November 2023

[2] R392,79
[3] R228,01
[4] R182,01

Question 30b [6]

Thabo wants to buy wireless Bluetooth earphones which costs R900. He is impatient and does not
want to wait and save the money to buy himself the earphones. He applies for a bank loan. The
bank approves the loan and gives Thabo four (4) years to amortise the loan. The bank charges an
interest rate of 6% compounded yearly for the loan. Find the yearly instalment that Thabo has to
pay to the bank.
Answer:
P = R900; t =4 years; i = 6% = 0,06; compounded yearly, m = 1, n = t×m = 4×1;
R = ?;
(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 − 1
𝑃𝑃 = 𝑅𝑅[ ]
𝑖𝑖(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛
(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 − 1
𝑅𝑅 = 𝑃𝑃 ÷ [ ]
𝑖𝑖(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛
(1 + 0.06)4 − 1 0,26247696 𝑅𝑅900
𝑅𝑅 = 𝑅𝑅900 ÷ � 4
� = 𝑅𝑅900 ÷ � �= = 𝑅𝑅259,73
0,06 × (1 + 0,06) 0,0757486176 3,4651056

[1] R282,01
[2] R292,79
[3] R258,01
[4] R259,73

Question 30c [6]

Thabo wants to buy wireless Bluetooth earphones which costs R700. He is impatient and does not
want to wait and save the money to buy himself the earphones. He applies for a bank loan. The
bank approves the loan and gives Thabo four (4) years to amortise the loan. The bank charges an
interest rate of 6% compounded yearly for the loan. Find the yearly instalment that Thabo has to
pay to the bank.
Answer:
P = R700; t =4 years; i = 6% = 0,06; compounded yearly, m = 1, n = t×m = 4×1;
R = ?;
(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 − 1
𝑃𝑃 = 𝑅𝑅[ ]
𝑖𝑖(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛

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 BNU1501
October/November 2023

(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛 − 1
𝑅𝑅 = 𝑃𝑃 ÷ [ ]
𝑖𝑖(1 + 𝑖𝑖)𝑛𝑛
(1 + 0.06)4 − 1 0,26247696 𝑅𝑅700
𝑅𝑅 = 𝑅𝑅700 ÷ � 4
� = 𝑅𝑅700 ÷ � �= = 𝑅𝑅202,01
0,06 × (1 + 0,06) 0,0757486176 3,4651056

[1] R212,01
[2] R202,79
[3] R202,01
[4] R205,73

38