CHUYÊN ĐỀ 12

RELATIVE CLAUSE 1 (MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ)

1. Cách dùng:
Bắt đầu bằng các đại từ quan hệ: who, whom, which, that, whose hoặc trạng
từ quan hệ: why, where, when.
Là 1 mệnh đề phụ đứng ngay sau danh từ để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đó.

2. Công thức:
Để tạo nên câu mệnh đề quan hệ thì không thể thiếu những đại từ quan hệ và trạng từ quan hệ.
Dưới đây là các đại từ được dùng trong câu:

Đại từ quan hệ Cách dùng – Ví dụ

Làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người.

….. N (person) + WHO + V + O

- WHO
Ví dụ: The person I love the most in this world is my
mom who is a dedicated teacher.

Làm tân ngữ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ người.

…..N (person) + WHOM + S + V

- WHOM:
Ví dụ: Do you know the man who/ whom my dad is talking to?

Làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ, thay thế cho danh từ chỉ vật.

….N (thing) + WHICH + V + O

….N (thing) + WHICH + S + V

- WHICH:
Ví dụ: I really want to travel to Korea which has a lot of
delicious street food.

- THAT: Làm chủ ngữ hoặc tân ngữ, thay cho cả danh từ chỉ người và
danh từ chỉ vật.

Ví dụ: Sarah keeps talking about the film which / that she saw
yesterday.

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 * Các trường hợp thường dùng “that”:

- khi đi sau các hình thức so sánh nhất

- khi đi sau các từ: only, the first, the last

- khi danh từ đi trước bao gôm cả người và vật

- khi đi sau các đại từ bất định, đại từ phủ định, đại từ chỉ số
lượng: no one, nobody, nothing, anyone, anything, anybody,
someone, something, somebody, all, some, any, little, none.

* Các trường hợp không dùng that:

- trong mệnh đề quan hệ không xác định

- sau giới từ

Chỉ sự sở hữu của cả người và vật.

…..N (person, thing) + WHOSE + N + V ….

- WHOSE:
Ví dụ: Mr. Holland whose son has received a scholarship is very
proud.

Trạng từ quan hệ Cách dùng – ví dụ

(+ on / at / in which): Thay cho danh từ chỉ thời gian

….N (time) + WHEN + S + V

- WHEN … (WHEN = ON / IN / AT + WHICH)

Ví dụ: Tell me the time when (= at which) we can depart.

- WHERE (= at/ in/ from/ on which): Thay cho danh từ chỉ nơi chốn

Ví dụ: Next month I will come back to the place where my mom
was born.

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 (= for which): Dùng để chỉ lý do, thay cho the reason, for that
reason.

- WHY Ví dụ: That is the reason why (= for which) the flight was
delayed.

3. Bài tập áp dụng:

A. Trắc nghiệm
Question 1. Nam apologized for forgeting to bring the laptop he borrowed from
me yesterday
A. who B. which C. whose D. where
Question 2. Maya couldn’t find the cardboard box she kept her photos.
A. in which B. at which C. of which D. for which
Question 3. There are several reasons for the closure of the school, most of have
already been explained fully.
A. whom B. who C. which D. that
Question 4. The automobile, driver was caught by police, has been parked there
since then.
A. where B. which C. whose D. whom
Question 5. This is a restaurant you can enjoy a variety of international delicacies.
A. where B. who C. which D. that
Question 6. Creating a website is accessible to color-blind people can make a
significant difference.
A. where B. who C. whose D. that
Question 7. The 18th-century sculptor, name I couldn’t recall, was very successful at
that time.
A. that B. whose C. whom D. which
Question 8. Those are interested in attending the German class should sign up by Thursday.
A. whom B. that C. where D. who
Question 9. I ran across a man I used to go to elementary school.
A. whom B. with who C. with whom D. who
Question 10. The Louvre Museum, exhibits about 40000 works of art, is the world's
most visited art museum.
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 A. which B. that C. whose D. whom
Question 11. Anyone _ is enthusiastic about mountaineering should be physically capable
of enduring arduous conditions.
A. which B. where C. who D. whom
Question 12. The Amazons, nature is highlighted in Greek mythology, have long been
a popular film subject.
A. that B. which C. whom D. whose
Question 13. One of the reasons most of us change is because we need to adjust and adapt
to the changing life conditions.
A. which B. where C. why D. whom
Question 14. New York, is one the most popular tourist destinations, is a fantastic city.
A. which B. whom C. that D. who
Question 15. I recall the times it snowed so heavily that our town's road was closed
for days.
A. when B. whom C. where D. which
Question 16. Rihanna, most recent recording has become so popular, is currently on
tour all over the world.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. that
Question 17. Thanks to our school's reunion party, those hadn't seen each other in a
long time were reunited.
A. that B. which C. whom D. who
Question 18. The reason the new captain was dismissed is his punctuality problem.
A. whose B. which C. why D. where
Question 19. Children parents are strict tend to be more disciplined.
A. when B. whose C. which D. who
Question 20. She likes playing with people have the same interests with her.
A. who B. where C. which D. when

Question 21. This is a photograph of our friends with we went on holiday.

A. whom B. who C. when D. which
Question 22. March, which is the third month of the year, is the month many of
my coworkers take a vacation for snowboarding
A. in which B. who C. which D. where
Question 23. During the war, the great painting, value is incalculable, was ruined.
A. when B. which C. where D. whose
Question 24. Fundraising is being organized by a retired author has dedicated his life
helping those in need.
A. which B. who C. whom D. where
Question 25. The Egyptian pyramids, date back more than 2,000 years, are considered one
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of the world's seven wonders.
A. when B. which C. where D. whose
Question 26. “How I met your mother”, new series starts next month., is one of my favorite
comedies.
A. who B. which C. whose D. that
Question 27. The Titanic, people said was unsinkable, sank on her maiden voyage.
A. which B. that C. whose D. whom
Question 28. The mayor, was only appointed last month, said nothing about the situation.
A. whom B. who C. which D. that
Question 29. I know a fantastic little cafeteria we can have lunch together.
A. where B. which C. who D. whom
Question 30. He took me on a tour of the town, _ was really kind of him.
A. where B. who C. which D. that
Question 31. Amanda received a speeding ticket from the officer her on the motorway.
A. whom stopped B. which stopped
C. who stopped D. where stopped
Question 32. My house is a place _ I can decompress after a hard day at work.
A. where B. when C. whom D. which
Question 33. A football player's wife is often complaining about the stains are
difficult to remove.
A. whom B. that C. where D. who
Question 34. Global warming is causing more extreme weather conditions, will
affect people in different parts of the world in different ways.
A. that B. whom C. whose D. which
Question 35. Birmingham, Adam comes from, offers a plethora of excellent
curry restaurants.
A. which B. where C. whose D. that
Question 36. The work the students do during the year will count towards their final degrees.
A. that B. where C. who D. when
Question 37. She's part of a team of scientists are engaged in cancer research.
A. where B. which C. whom D. who
Question 38. The Millers adopted Tommy, parents died when he was five years old.
A. which B. who C. whose D. whom
Question 39. My parents gave me a new watch cost them $10.
A. which B. whom C. where D. who
Question 40. I also have an offer to work at the law office I worked last summer.
A. when B. whom C. where D. which

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 B. Tự luận (mỗi exercise 10 câu hỏi)

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with Relative pronouns or Relative adverbs where necessary
1. Let me see all the letters __________ you have written.
2. Is there any one ___________ can help me do this?
3. Mr. Brown, ____________ is only 34, is the director of this company.
4. I know a place _____________ roses grow in abundance.
5. It was the nurse ____________ told me to come in.
6. The teacher with ____________, we studied last year no longer teaches in our school.
7. They showed me the hospital ___________ buildings had been destroyed by US bombings.
8. We saw many soldiers and tanks __________ were moving to the front.
9. Dr. Fleming, ___________ discovered penicillin, was awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine in 1945.
10. He joined the political party ____________ was in power.

Exercise 2: Combine each pair of sentences using a relative pronoun or relative adverb
1. She is the most intelligent woman. I’ve ever met this woman.
____________________________________________________________________
2. This doctor is famous. You visited him yesterday.
_____________________________________________________________________
3. These children are orphans. She is taking care of these children.
_____________________________________________________________________
4. The two young men are not good persons. You are acquainted with them.
_____________________________________________________________________
5. My father goes swimming every day. You met him this morning.
____________________________________________________________________
6. The man is my father. I respect this man most.
_____________________________________________________________________
7. The man is my father. I respect his opinion most.
_____________________________________________________________________
8. Mary and Margaret are twins. You met them yesterday.
____________________________________________________________________
9. I’ll introduce you to the man. His support is necessary for your project.
____________________________________________________________________
10. The middle-aged man is the director. My father is talking to him.
____________________________________________________________________
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Exercise 3: Rewrite each of the following sentences in another way so that it means almost the same
as the sentence printed before it.
1. I will introduce you the man. He is sharing the flat with me.
 I ________________________________________________________________________
2. The young man is talking to our teacher. He is Ba’s brother.
 The young man ___________________________________________________________
3. We visited this monument. It was built a hundred years ago.
 We ______________________________________________________________________
4. The boys are interested in football. It is a popular game all over the world.
 The boys _________________________________________________________________
5. The boy gave his parents big hugs. He went abroad to study.
 The boy __________________________________________________________________
6. Dr Oley is our family’s dentist. He is a popular dentist in the city.
 Dr Oley, __________________________________________________________________
7. They drank a lot of Coke. It is diet Coke.
 They ____________________________________________________________________
8. It is the Sai Gon River. It flows through Ho Chi Minh City.
 It is the Sai Gon River, _____________________________________________________
9. The lecturer is my uncle. He gave an interesting talk on TV last night.
 The lecturer ______________________________________________________________
10. The tornado lifted up a baby and put it down safely 100 meters away. The baby was asleep in a
carriage.
 The tornado ______________________________________________________________