SSCTI

STRESS MANAGEMENT:
Dealing with the Demands of
Life and Work

Presented by Abrian et al. I/O Psych

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STRESS

It pertains to psychological and physical

reaction to external pressures or demands.

Presented by Abrian et al.

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STRESS

It pertains to psychological and physical

reaction to external pressures or demands.

stressors

Presented by Abrian et al.

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STRESS
It pertains to psychological and physical
reaction to external pressures or demands.

stressors
*Stress Reactivity- body’s reaction to stress
*Strains - negative physical and psychological consequences

Presented by Abrian et al.

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INVERTED-U THEORY
Optimal Level of Arousal

having little arousal or too much

arousal results in poor performance,
whereas a moderate level results in
the highest levels of performance.

Presented by Abrian et al.

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TYPES OF STRESS

Eustress Distress

Stress that results in Stress that results

positive energy and in negative energy
improvements in and decreases in
performance and performance and
health health.

Presented by Abrian et al.

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PREDISPOSITION TO STRESS

Stress Personalities

Gender, Ethnicity and Race

Stress Sensitization
Presented by Abrian et al.
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Stress Personalities

Type A Personality
stress-prone person

Type B Personality
none-stress-prone person

Neuroticism
anxious and pessimistic
Presented by Abrian et al.
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Gender, Ethnicity and Race

Many studies suggest that women

have more stress than men.

Minority groups generally have

higher stress levels than
nonminorities.

Presented by Abrian et al.

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Stress Sensitization

A phenomenon where repeated exposure to

stressors makes an individual more sensitive
to future stress.

Presented by Abrian et al.

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SOURCES
OF
STRESS
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Personal Stressors

Fear
Resistance
Resentment
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Occupational Stressors

Organizational
Job Characteristics
Characteristics

Role conflict
Role ambiguity
Role overload
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Organizational Stressors
Person-Organization Fit
Change
Relation with Others
Organizational Politics
(i) Positive Politics
(ii) Negative Politics
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Stressors in the Physical Work Environment

Noise Temperature
i. Pleasantness i. Radiation
ii. Difficulty of the Task ii. Evaporation
ili. Individual Differences

Effective Temperature
I. Effects on Tasks
Noise Reduction
ii. Effects Related to Workload
iii. Rest Periods
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Other Source of Stress

Minor Frustration Forecasting Residual Stress

i. Perspective Taking
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Consequences Personal
of
Occupational
Stress
Presented by Abrian et al.
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Personal

Physical Psychological Behavioral

Illness Depression Smoking

Hair loss Anxiety Alcohol Abuse

Cardiovascular Sleep Problems Drug Use

Issues
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Organizational

Job Perfomance

High levels of stress reduces performance on many

tasks

Moderate stress enhances productivity and

creativity.
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Organizational

Absenteeism & Turnover

Absenteeism refers to employees missing work or
being absent from their job duties.

High-stress levels lead to increased turnover rates.

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Organizational

Drug and Alcohol Abuse

Elevated stress and anger can lead to increased
abuse of drugs and alcohol.

Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) that offer

professional counseling for employees struggling
with stress-related issues.
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Organizational

Healthcare Costs
Stress-related health issues contribute to rising
healthcare costs for organizations.

Employees experiencing stress-induced illnesses

frequently use medical facilities.
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Organizational

Burnout
A state of overwhelming stress and it is common
among highly motivated professionals with
demanding workloads.
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Behavioral Signs of Burnout

Less Energy Decrease in Concentration Feeling Overwhelmed

Lower Productivity Forgetfulness Tension and Frustration

Consistently Late for Work Apathy

Feelings of Little Impact
on Coworkers and the
Organization
Complaining and Negativity Dread of Coming to Work
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MANAGING
STRESS
Involves ways to effectively handle stress
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Managing Stress

Exercise Laughter
Incorporating regular exercise into your Maintaining your sense of humor can be an
routine is highly recommended for effective buffer against stress in several
managing stress. ways.

Activities like Provides a light-hearted perspective on

challenging situations.
Walking
Jogging Allows you to mentally disengage and
Swimming approach the stressor more rationally.

Shown to reduce blood pressure

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Managing Stress

Diet Smoking Reduction

Eating a healthy diet Research shows smoking actually increases
physiological stress markers
Drinking plenty of water
Eliminating caffeine gradually

Sleep
An adequate amount of sleep is crucial for
managing stress
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Managing Stress

Support Network Self-Empowerment

People who have someone to talk to, like a Taking back a sense of control and empowerment,
family member or a friend, are better able both at work and in personal life, counteracts
to manage their stress. feelings of helplessness that cause stress.

Coping Skills
Learning how to deal with conflict and
learning how to accept what you can’t
change.

Integrating these practices into daily life ensures a healthier

response to the inevitable stressors that arise.
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Stress Reduction
Interventions
related to life/work Issues

Presented by Abrian et al.


Easing Child-Care Burden
105-Day Expanded
Maternity Leave Law
An act increasing the maternity leave period to one
hundred five (105) days for female workers with an
option to extend for an additional thirty (30) days
without pay, and granting an additional fifteen (15)
days for solo mothers, and for other purposes.
Presented by Abrian et al.
SSCTI
Expanded Solo Parents
Welfare Act
Section 19 discusses the implementation of a
flexible work schedule for solo parents. It
mandates that employers should provide such
a schedule, but it should not compromise the
productivity of the individual or the company.
Additionally, employers have the right to
request an exemption from these requirements
from the Department of Labor and Employment
(DOLE) based on meritorious grounds.
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Easing Elder-Care Burden

Expanded Senior Citizens PhilHealth Coverage

Act of 2003
Senior citizens are eligible for PhilHealth
The primary objective of this act is to grant additional
coverage, which provides health insurance
benefits and privileges to senior citizens.
benefits. This ensures that they have access to
medical services without financial burden.

Presented by Abrian et al.

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Providing Rest Through Paid

Paid Time Off

Service Incentive Leave (SIL) Maternity Leave

All employees who have rendered service for at least Pregnant female workers are entitled to 105
one year are entitled to five days of SIL annually. days of maternity leave

Paternity Leave
Married male employees can take 7 days of
paid leave to assist their spouses.

Presented by Abrian et al.

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Measuring
Stress
Presented by Abrian et al.
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Measuring Stress

Self-Report Physiological Biochemical

Questionnaires Measures Measures

Presented by Abrian et al.

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Do you frequently get angry or irritable?

Do you take on too many responsibilities at work?

I have trouble sleeping at night (true/false)

I feel tense and on edge (true/false)

Are you sad a lot and don’t know why?

Self-Report Are you more forgetful (missing appointments, losing things)?

Questionnaires
I have to make important snap judgments and decisions (true/false)

I am not consulted about what happens on my job (true/false)

Presented by Abrian et al.

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Violence against an employee

Workplace 01 occurring as a result of a crime being
committed.

Violence 02
Violence against law enforcement
officers
while they are in the line of duty.

any act or threat of physical violence,

harassment, intimidation, or other threatening
disruptive behavior that occurs at the work site. Violence against an employee
03 as an act of anger or vengeance.

Presented by Abrian et al.

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Perpetrators of Workplace Violence

The typical employee who engages in workplace violence
is a man (80%) between the ages 20 to 50
has his self-esteem tied to his job and perceives that he has been disrespected or unfairly treated
feels that he has no other way of resolving his mistreatment other than violence
has demonstrated a recent pattern of problems at work
has tried to get others to take his dilemma seriously
has begun showing signs of paranoid thinking, delusions of persecution, and other bizarre thought
patterns
has become isolated and withdrawn
has ready access to guns

Presented by Abrian et al.

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Reducing Workplace Violence

Security Measures Employee Screening

01 Physical changes 01 Background checks

02 Staffing changes 02 Reference checks

03 Training employees 03 Psychological tests

Presented by Abrian et al.

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Reducing Workplace Violence

Management Awareness

01 Make managers aware of high-risk situations

and empower immediate action

02 Screening for violence potential

03 Careful handling of terminations and layoffs

Presented by Abrian et al.