BPP B Inggris Profesi 24

Halaman 1 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
BUKU PANDUAN Revisi 0
PRAKTIKUM Tanggal 1 Agustus 2022
(BPP)
MINGGU KE – 1
1. Sub Capaian Pembelajaran : Mahasiswa memahami isi wacana tentang dunia
perikanan, menguasai kosa kata yang berkaitan
dengannya, serta menceritakan ulang isi wacana
secara lisan dan tulisan
2. .Indikator Capaian Kinerja : Mahasiswa mampu menjawab pertanyaan
berdasarkan wacana, menggunakan kosa kata
baru yang didapat dalam wacana, dan
menceriterakan isi wacana secara lisan.
3. Bahan Kajian : Introduction to fisheries
Before reading the text, answer the following questions.
1. Why do you choose fisheries as your major?

2. What do you think this major is about?
3. What is the importance of fisheries in people’s life?
Let’s read.
FISHERIES
Fishery science is a scientific discipline which focuses on the study of fish. It is fish
populations which are used for commercial value, and they include saltwater fisheries, freshwater
fisheries, and fish farms in both salt and freshwater. Degrees in fisheries are offered at fairly few
colleges and universities around the world, with both undergraduate and graduate degrees available.
Many degree-granting institutions are located relatively close to the ocean for the purpose of
fieldwork.
Fishery science is a delicate system. It studies fish habitats and fish populations, learning
about the natural conditions which fish live in and then extending their knowledge to determine
how a fishery can be used sustainably. In many fisheries, it is not uncommon to have multiple species
of commercial value, all of which must be treated very differently. Fisheries are also interconnected
with things like agriculture and other practices on land having a direct impact on fishery health.
One common employer of specialists in fisheries is fish and agencies. These government
agencies have a dual goal of protecting natural resources and making natural resources available to
people and companies which wish to use them. Fish and agencies representatives do things like
issuing fishing licenses, inspecting the catch on fishing boats to confirm that all of the species are
legal, conducting long term studies about wild animal populations, and inspecting fish farms to
confirm that they are being operated in a responsible manner.
Conservation organizations also use experts in fisheries to study fish populations and make
policy recommendations. Many fisheries around the world are critically overfished, making the
Halaman 2 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
development of new policy very important. Fisheries experts may engage in fieldwork for months
and years to study fish populations and develop a plan to help a population revive without
excessively limiting the fishing industry. Fisheries are very concerned about protecting productive
and delicate ecosystems, and may engage in a variety of techniques from promoting the cause of
endangered fish to studying fish in the lab to protect the natural environment.
Fish farms also use fisheries to manage their populations. The fisheries experts make sure
that the habitat is suitable, monitors population numbers, looks out for signs of diseases, and
manages the program as a whole to keep the fish farm safe, productive, and as environmentally
friendly as possible. Some concerns related to fisheries which can arise with fish farming include the
accidental release of farmed non-native fish into native populations, the spread of disease from fish
farms to native fish species, and habitat destruction which can occur when fish farming is too
intensive.
Adapted from http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-fisheries.htm
Vocabulary lists in context:
conservation (n) : preservation/protection
commercial value (n) : trading
degree-granting institutions (n) :
universities delicate (adj) : complex
destruction (n) : damage
ecosystems (n) : environments
endangered (adj) : almost extinct
engage in (v) : to involve in
excessively (adv) : too much
extending (v) : expanding/increasing
fieldwork (n) : practical activity as a part of study in university
inspecting (v) : examining/checking
interconnected (v) : related
overfished (v) : fished too much
revive (v) : to increase
sustainably (adv) : for a long term
Halaman 3 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task1
Identify the paragraph where you can find the following statements.
1. Fisheries have a direct correlation with other fields that have

impact on fish health.
2. Protecting the productivity of fish and promoting the fish

prevention become the main concern of fisheries.
3. The study on fisheries is offered in almost universities around

the world.
populations, and the conditions of fish life.

Halaman 4 dari 149
Form No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 2
Answer the following questions based on the text.
1. What is the main study of fisheries?
2. What are the responsibilities of government agencies with regard to maintaining the natural
resources?
3. What is the purpose of using fisheries experts in conservation organizations?
4. Why do fisheries experts need to engage in fieldwork for months and years?
5. Mention some concerns related to fisheries which can arise with fish farming!
4
Halaman 5 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Minggu ke – 2
1. Sub Capaian Pembelajaran : Mahasiswa memahami isi wacana tentang anatomi
dan fisiologi ikan, menguasai kosa kata yang berkaitan
dengannya, serta menceritakan ulang isi wacana secara
lisan dan tulisan.
2. Indikator Capaian Kinerja : Mahasiswa mampu menjawab pertanyaan
berdasarkan wacana, menggunakan kosa kata baru
yang didapat dalam wacana, dan menceriterakan
isi wacana secara lisan.
3. Teori : Fish Anatomy and Physiology
Before reading the text, identify the fish anatomy below and write the function.
i. ...
a. tail
Write down the fish anatomy in the following table. Highlight the part of the fish anatomy for
movement function.
Fish Anatomy Function

a. tail to help the fish swim
………………………….. …………………………..…………………………..
………………………….. …………………………..…………………………..
………………………….. …………………………..…………………………..
………………………….. …………………………..…………………………..
………………………….. …………………………..…………………………..
………………………….. …………………………..…………………………..
………………………….. …………………………..…………………………..
………………………….. …………………………..…………………………..
Let’s read.
HOW DOES A FISH LIVE IN WATER?

You must have seen how fast and brisk a fish is in water. In order to swim, a fish does not need
to make any movement other than to wag its tail from side to side. This ease of movement that fish
Halaman 6 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
have in water is thanks to their flexible backbones as well as some systems in their bodies. A fish
expends a large amount of energy while swimming. This is not for it swims fast for long times, but
a fish has a special structure of the backbone and muscles that provide such power.
The backbone keeps the body straight and is connected to the fins and muscles. Otherwise,
it would not be possible for the fish to move in the water. However, the particular shape of the
backbone is not sufficient to enable the act of swimming because fish does not only move forward
and backward, but also upward and downward in order to survive. This movement is made possible
by another system in their bodies. Fish has air sacs in their bodies. By emptying these sacs of air, fish
can sink to the bottom of the sea, and by filling the sacs with air, fish can rise to the surface again.
Have you ever wondered how a fish is not damaged at all although it is always in the water?
As human, our skin becomes affected if we stay in water for a while; if we stay for a longer time then
our skin becomes injured. But this never happens to a fish. This is thanks to a stiff4 bright layer in
its outer skin. This layer prevents water from entering its body. If fish did not have this layer, their
bodies would be damaged, and since water would enter the body, the balance would be disturbed
and they would eventually die. However, these never happen and all fish continues to live their
underwater lives.
All fish species in the world possess these features. Species that lived long ago possessed them
too. Fish have had the same perfect structure for millions of years and have not gone through any
changes. It is possible to see this in the remnants of fish that lived millions of years ago. These
remnants, namely fossils, clearly reveal that fish were the same as they are today and have not
changed at all.
Vocabulary list in context:
brisk (adj) : active

ease (n) : effortless thing (no difficulty)
expends (v) : to use
possess (v) : to have
remnants (n) : quantity
sacs (n) : small bags
sink (v) : to go down
stiff (adj) : not easily bent or changed in shape
fins (n) : parts of the vertebrates and invertebrates for steering
wag (v) : to move or shake
Halaman 7 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 1
Identify the paragraph where you can find the following statements. One has been done for you.
No. Statements Paragraph

1 The flexible backbones structure in the fish bodies 1
make them easy to swim.
2. The function of backbone is connecting the fins and ….
muscles.
3. In order to survive, fish needs an inconstant ….
movement for its life.
4. The backbone and muscles of the fish are very vital to ….
give a power to their movement.
5. A Fish has different skin from human. ….
6. The layer of the fish prevents the water come into ….

their body.
7. Every species of fish has the same feature to live ….
underwater.
Task 3
Rearrange the scramble letters into a meaningful word and find the functions of the respective
part.
No. Part of Fish Anatomy Word Function
1.
Fin To provide the ability
to steer or stabilize
motion while traveling
in water, air, or other
(I–F–N) fluid media.
2.
(C–A–L–S–E)
arowana.forumotion.com
Halaman 8 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
3.
(B–C–K–A–O–B–N–E)
www.crestock.com
4.
(T–I–L–A–S–I–F–H)
cisdel.com
5.
(F–L – T– I– L– E)
aloseafood.trustpass.alibaba.com
6.
www.fao.org
(I–G–L–L)
Halaman 9 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Let’s write.
DAILY ACTIVITIES
See the following example.
Every Sunday I go to a fish pond

for fishing. I always catch goldfish, shrimp
and some crabs. Sometimes, I also get
a Tuna fish.
Adverb of frequency:
Never, rarely, seldom,
sometimes, Often, usually,
always.
Task 4
Arrange the jumble words into good sentences. One has been done for you.
No. Jumble words

1. Aruna – the– fillet – fish– observes – in the laboratory
2. studies– about –Marine animal –Kevin
3. Broodstock fish– the –small – go –fish – around to the – usually
4. family – my –having – is – travelling – wild –to see –animal
5. Brother –my – every– in the – pond – morning – feeds – the fish
6. I – my mother – and – is –for – breakfast –cooking –in the
kitchen
No. Good sentence

1. Aruna observes the fish fillet in the laboratory
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Halaman 10 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 5
Complete the paragraph below by reflecting on your daily life described in the pictures.
Discussion Go to college Fish anatomy
breakfast In the class Wake up Take a shower
One of my best foods in the morning is the grill fish. After that, I
Arriving ................................................. , I get ready to start my

course. Then, the lecturer gives a grouping task about ..............
have to finish the task by group ...................... Finally around 3 pm I
Your career hears what your mind says.
10
Halaman 11 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 3
1. Sub Capaian Pembelajaran : Mahasiswa memahami isi wacana tentang
Rekayasa perikanan, menguasai kosa kata yang
berkaitan dengannya, serta menceritakan ulang isi
wacana secara lisan dan tulisan
3. Bahan Kajian : Aquaculture Engineering
1. What do the above pictures show us? Explain.

2. What can you learn from the pictures?
Let’s read.
AQUACULTURE ENGINEERING
Aquaculture engineering is the engineering of the facilities, equipment, processes, and
systems needed to grow and harvest aquatic animals
and plants for commercial purposes. There are few
formal education programs around the world devoted
11
Halaman 12 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
specifically to aquacultural engineering. People

practicing in this field typically have degrees in aquaculture, the biological sciences, or
traditional engineering disciplines, such as agricultural engineering or environmental engineering.
Aquaculture is a fast-growing industry trying to meet increasing worldwide demand for fish,
shellfish, seaweeds, and other aquatic species. Because fish are the major product of the industry,
aquaculture is commonly known as fish farming. Fish and other aquatic species are bred, grown,
harvested, and processed under controlled conditions designed to maximize yield and profits and
minimize costs and environmental impacts.
Fish farms and similar facilities are quite water dependent. Some operations raise their crops
outdoors, often in cages placed in natural or manmade water bodies. Freshwater species may be
grown in ponds or reservoirs, while marine species are typically raised in ocean waters. These are
called low-intensity processes, because they take place in open environments where engineers may
have only limited control over some operational aspects. High-intensity aquaculture is practiced in
tanks or other indoor facilities where conditions can be tightly controlled and maintained.
Aquaculture engineering is deeply concerned with water issues, especially water circulation and
water quality. These areas require expertise in hydrology, hydraulics, and aspects of
oceanography, civil engineering, and environmental engineering. Aquaculture engineers are often
called on to design or oversee the operation and maintenance of pumps, piping systems, and other
water transport equipment. Knowledge of water chemistry is also crucial. Marine aquaculture
operations using sea water and freshwater aquaculture facilities using inland waters have vastly
different water chemistry requirements.
Waste generation and handling are major concerns in fish farming, because many animals
are confined to a limited space. Waste materials include urine, fecal matter, uneaten food, and dead
fish carcasses. These wastes pose a health hazard to fish in confined enclosures and are an
environmental problem in inland and ocean waters. This means waste treatment, removal, and
disposal systems are needed at most large-scale aquaculture facilities.
Biological science, particularly the biology of aquatic species, is another key component of
aquaculture engineering. Knowledge of biological science is necessary to design and operate systems
that will keep living creatures healthy and thriving. It's also key to meeting their environmental
needs for reproduction.
In addition to these core skills, aquaculture engineering typically requires expertise in other
areas. One example is overseeing the design and construction of buildings, facilities, and outdoor
water bodies or tanks. The processing of aquatic species into end products may require specialized
machinery, including robotics or automated systems. Sophisticated water quality monitoring,
12
Halaman 13 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
testing, and control equipment is often used in aquaculture operations. Computer modeling also
may be needed to predict or simulate water quality conditions or fish production over time under
varying operational conditions.
Adapted from: Evans. Kim M. 2016. What is Aquaculture Engineering?

carcasses (n) : the body of dead animal
disciplines (n) : field or work
enclosures (n) : addition

fecal matter (n) : feces
hydraulics (n) : water system
hydrology (n) : the study of water system
inland waters (n) : ponds
low-intensity (adj) : slow
oversee (v) : to control
sophisticated (adj) : complex
yield (n) : result
Task 1.
Match the headings in the right to the boxes in the left based on the information in the text.
Number one has been done for you.
13
Halaman 14 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 2
Complete the following charts based on the information in the text.
14
Halaman 15 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 3
Solve the following puzzle using the vocabulary provided from the text.
ACROSS
1. the synonym of usual

3. a crop or yield of one growing season
5. sea creatures
DOWN
7. sea
9. the synonym of need
1. the cultivation of aquatic animals and plants
11.moving in a circle
4. not natural
6. power or strength
8. the structure and properties of a substance
10. the study of the sea
12. company involved in producing goods
15
Halaman 16 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 4
1. Sub Capaian Pembelajaran : Mahasiswa memahami isi wacana tentang genetika
perikanan menguasai kosa kata yang berkaitan
3. Bahan Kajian : Fish Genetics
Let’s read.
BIOCHEMICAL GENETIC
The genetic analysis of aquatic organisms either for fisheries population studies or for
aquaculture is most easily accomplished by controlled crosses between selected parents followed by
progeny testing. This is not, however, always possible, therefore the techniques of biochemical
Halaman 17 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
genetics offer an alternative method of analysis. Historically, both population and aquacultural
genetics were based on superficial phenotypes or metrical characteristics having complex polygenic
inheritance and considerable environmentally induced variation. But, in addition to these obvious
characteristics there are genetically determined differences at the protein level which are much less
subject to environmental influence. The genetic code of DNA is translated into proteins and there
are frequently subtle, non-functional variations in the structure of homologous proteins in different
individuals originating from small variations in the genotype. These phenotypes, which can be
detected by biochemical means, in particular electrophoresis, are relatively easily studied in both
natural and cultured populations. This provides a rapid and efficient way of obtaining much of the
basic genetic information crucial to the genetic improvement of aquaculture.
Protein structure
The structure of a protein has 4 main characteristics:
1. Amino acid sequence;
2. The structure of theamino-acid chain (usually an « helix);
3. The folding and bonding of the helix, and
4. The number of polypeptidesin the protein which are either same or different. The protein can be
either Monomelic or Multimeric with the latter being either Homomultimeris or Heteromultimeris.
For example, Glutamine synthetase has 12 identical peptide subunits making it homomultimeric,
whereas Lactate dehydrogenase is a tetramericheteromultimer containing two different polypeptides
produced at different loci. This will produce 5 different types of LDH molecule with the same
functional activity but which are biochemically identifiable. Such alternative enzyme forms derived
from different loci are Isozymes, whereas multiple enzyme molecules encoded by alternative alleles
at a single locus are Allozymes.
These terms are occasionally used interchangably, or allozymes are termed segregating
isozymes. Most proteins, in particular those with enzyme function, contain amino acids with
electrically charged side chains. Arginine, histidine and lysine are positively charged while aspartate
and glutamate carry a negative charge. Thus virtually all proteins have a net charge depending on
the relative proportions of amino acids, unless they are at their isoelectric point, the pH at which
the net charge is zero. The basis of electrophoretic separation is that proteins of different net charge
and different molecular size will migrate at different rates within an electric field.
Adapted From: http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/3140/1/Special_Publication_No_13.pdf
Vocabulary List in Context:
control crosses (v) : to combine

genotype (n) : genetic of an individual organism
homologous (adj) : having the same structure
Halaman 18 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
induced (adj) : affected
loci (n) : place

polygenic inheritance (n) : genetic
progeny (n) : fish baby
phenotypes (n) : characteristics of individual organism
segregating (n) : group
subtle(adj) : penetration
Task 1
Answer the questions below based on the text above.
1. How is the method of genetic aquatic organism to study the aquaculture fisheries population?
2. What are the factors that cause the genetic complex of population and aquaculture?
3. What are the important factors for both population and aquaculture in biochemical genetic?
4. What are the main characteristics of protein structure?
5. Give example of heteromultimeris.
Task 2
Find the correct synonym of the underlined words in each sentence.
1. The genetic analysis of aquatic organism is most easily accomplished by progeny testing.
2. Population and aquaculture genetics were based on superficial phenotype.
3. The phenotypes, which can be detected by biochemical means, the particular electrophoresis are
easily studied.
4. The phenotypes, which can be detected by biochemical means, the particular electrophoresis are
easily studied.
5. The genetic analysis of aquatic organisms for aquaculture is most easily accomplished by
controlled crosses.
Halaman 19 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
1. study
MINGGU KE - 5
Reproduksi ikan, menguasai kosa kata yang
3. Bahan Kajian : Fish Reproduction
art.lookandlearn.com www.pinterest.com
a. (lying the eggs) b. (live-bearing)
1. What can you say about the above chart?

2. Can you explain the (a) strategy and (b) strategy?
3. Which strategy is the best for fish reproduction? Why?
Let’s read.
Halaman 20 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
HOW DOES FISH MATE?
All living organisms on Earth have to reproduce in order to preserve life on the planet. So,
why should our aquarium fish be any different? Although, unlike others, fish tend to breed in
different ways. Basically, fish use two main strategies for reproduction. One is by laying eggs and
two, by producing living young (live-bearing). In the first method, female fish lays her eggs either at
the bottom of the aquarium or (if there are plants) over the leaves of a plant inside the fish tank.
The male fish will come and fertilize those eggs. Both male and female fish work together to protect
the eggs/babies from all dangers till they are capable of defending themselves.
For the second method, the aquarium fish mates through live birth. Only some species of
fish will reproduce in this manner. The male fish uses its anal fin in order to transmit the sperm
into the female fish. This way, female fish's eggs will get fertilized and later on, give live birth to her
fry (a young fish). Now that you have slight understanding of how fish copulate, let's take a look at
how betta fish and goldfish and (Siamese fighting fish) mates.
Mating Ritual of Betta Fish

Typically, male betta fish tends to be mature sexually 3.5 months after its birth. Some male
bettas start to develop bubble nests in the aquarium, which is a clear sign that indicates they are
ready to mate. The female bettas use these bubble nests to store her eggs. To prepare herself for the
mating process, females will start to acquire vertical bar markings on the sides of their bodies. Once
both betta fish are sexually mature and ready to mate, then only place them together. Since they are
aggressive towards each other, placing them in the same tank before mating is not recommended.
When the male spots the female for the first time, he becomes aggressive towards her (this is an act
of showing his dominance). It's a normal occurrence, but make sure that neither of the fish are
injured in any way.
Mating Ritual of Goldfish
Typically, goldfish tend to be mature sexually nine months after their birth. If you have male
and female goldfish in your tank, you would be able to see the males trying to chase the females and
bump into them. Also, males develop white bumps (breeding tubercles) on their fins, which is a
clear sign that indicates they are ready to mate. And females will start becoming bigger, only around
her anal fin area, which is a clear sign that indicates there are eggs present. During
Halaman 21 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
goldfish breeding (the mating process), the temperature of water is crucial. The recommended
water temperature should be around 65ºF. The female goldfish will spawn the eggsas the male
goldfish will be close behind her for fertilizing them. After their roles are finished, it isimportant to
remove both parents out of the tank and place in another one. This way the eggs will get a shot to
hatch without being eaten by them. You can add baby brine shrimp in the tank duringthe process.
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/how-do-fish-mate.html

anal fin (n) : an unpaired fin located on the underside of a fish
breed (v) : to reproduce
breeding tubercles (n) : keratin-based skin nodules found on male goldfish.
bubble nest (n) : made from air bubbles coated with saliva to increase durability.
bump into (v) : to move by chance
copulate (v) : to mate
defending (v) : to fight the dangers
fertilize (v) : to make (an egg) able to grow and develop
get a shot (v) : to try to do something
hatch (v) : aid in releasing an animal from an egg.
preserve (v) : to maintain
spawn (v) : to produce the eggs in large numbers
vertical bar markings(n): sign
Halaman 22 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 23 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 3
Tick (√) T if the statement is true, F if it is not true and NG if there is no information related to the
statement in the text.
Statements T F NG
1. Preservation is very important to get young generation for all organisms.
2. Laying eggs is the best strategies for fish reproduction.
3. The male fish power is very essential for the eggs to protect the eggs from
the dangers.
4. All of the fish species will reproduce through live birth.
5. Basically, the betta fish are going to be mature in 3.5 months after their
birth.
6. Jellyfish (Medusozoa) will be mature sexually in nine months after birth.
7. After fertilizing, the female and male goldfish should be placed in
another tank.
Halaman 24 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 6
Nutrisi perikanan, menguasai kosa kata yang
3. Bahan Kajian : Introduction to fish nutrition
Before reading the text, observe the pictures and answer the following questions.
Vitamin 21% Fat 13.8%
Mineral 6.1% Fiber 15%
Protein 17%
1.5%
Do I need
To maintain their health, a human needs the precise amount of nutrition

likein the above picture. Does a fish need that nutrition too? If it does, what
kindof nutrition does a fish need? And what is the difference between
what a human and a fish needs?
Let’s read.
FISH NUTRITION
Like you, a fish need vitamins to lead long, healthy lives. Unfortunately a lot of canned fish
food fails to show the vitamin content of the food. The vitamin content from the live food such as
flies and worms cannot be identified because they are not inclined to prominently display
nutritional information about themselves. Even if the nutritional values are shown on the food
container label, do you know what your fish needs?
Fat
Fish diets should be low in fat. Even meat eating fish (carnivores) requires no more than 8
percent in their diet. Plant eaters (herbivores) need no more than 3%. Excessive fat may damage the
liver, and can result in disease and early death. The type of fat also matters, as fish has difficulties
Halaman 25 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
digesting hard fats, such as those in beef. Saturated fats are particularly harmful, and should be
avoided. Polyunsaturated fats such as those in brine shrimp are the most digestible, and particularly
useful when conditioning fish for breeding.
Fiber
Although small quantities of fiber aid digestion, they should not be too high. Carnivores are
not able to digest fiber well at all, and should not have more than 4 percent fiber in their diet. To
remain healthy, herbivores should have between 5 and 10 percent fiber in their diet.
Protein
Protein requirements vary across the type of fish. However, protein is a key element required
for good health and growth in all types of fish. Herbivores need 15 to 30 percent protein in their
diet, while carnivores need at least 45 percent protein. For vigorous health growth, young fish
require a diet that is composed of at least 50% protein.
Carbohydrates
Fish does not need a large amount of carbohydrates in their diet. In fact too many carbs can
deter proper growth. However, considerable debate rages over the amount of carbohydrate fish can
tolerate without suffering negative side effects. Perhaps the greatest danger in feeding higher
percentages of carbs is the resulting reduction in other essential nutrients.
Minerals
Minerals are important for healthy bones, teeth, and even for maintaining healthy scales.
The key minerals fish need are calcium and phosphorus. They also need smaller amounts of iron,
iodine, magnesium, sodium, potassium, copper, and zinc. Calcium is found in hard water, and
phosphorus is found in live plants. If the aquarium water is soft and the tank decorated with only
artificial plants, it is important to supplement the diet with food containing minerals.
Vitamins
Unlike minerals, vitamins are not stable for very long in prepared food. Flake food has
adequate vitamin content initially, but it deteriorates rather quickly once the container is opened.
Storage in the freezer will prolong the vitamin content, however it is best to buy only what you will
use within one or two months. Purchasing food in small quantities and varying the diet using good
quality of dry food and live food will help assure that your fish has all the nutrients it needs for good
health and a long life.
Adapted from Shirlie Sharpe: Fish Nutrition
aid (v) : support
artificial (adj) : human-made
assure (v) : to make sure
breeding (n) : having sex to produce more of its own
canned (adj) : stored in cans
carbs (n) : carbohydrates
composed of (v) : made of
deter (v) : to prevent
deteriorates (v) : goes away
diets (n) : food
digesting (n) : processing
essential (adj) : necessary
excessive (adj) : too much
inclined (adj) : known
polyunsaturated fats (n) : fats from vegetable
prominently (adv) : importantly, specifically
rages over (v) : to concern about (in an intense way)
saturated fats (n) : fats from any organic compound containing only single bond
supplement (v) : to give additional nutrition
vigorous (adj) : quick and strong
Halaman 26 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 27 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 28 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 7
Pakan alami perikanan, menguasai kosa kata yang
3. Bahan Kajian : Introduction to live feeds
Halaman 29 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 30 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 9
Biosecurity perikanan, menguasai kosa kata yang
3. Bahan Kajian : Introduction to biosecurity
Before reading the text, answer the following questions. You may browse in the internet.
Animalhealth.com fotosearch.com
1. What do the pictures tell you about?

2. What is the relation between biosecurity and fisheries?
Lets
L Read
e BIOSECURITY
t
’ Biosecurity refers to measures that are taken to stop the spread or introduction of harmful
s
organisms
r to human, animal, and plant life. The measures taken are a combination of processes and
e
systems that have been put in place by bioscience laboratories, customs agents, and agricultural
a
managers to prevent the use of dangerous pathogens and toxins.
d
. The main aim of biosecurity is to protect human health and to increase and protect
agricultural produce through the prevention, control and management of biological risk factors.
Biosecurity also aims to protect against acts of bioterrorism and to prevent adverse biosecurity events as
well as offering advice on appropriate interventions and political and social changes that shouldbe
adopted by government regulatory agencies.
Biosecurity in laboratories
Pathological agents may be collected, grown, stored or handled in clinical laboratories,
diagnostic facilities, public health laboratories, research centres and production facilities. All of
these facilities are at risk of biosecurity incidents.
The term “biorisk” refers to the risk associated with biological substances and
Halaman 31 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
i are carried out to identify the acceptable and unacceptable levels of these risks. The
n methods that are adopted to manage the occurrence of biorisks is an important fielfield
f of research.
e Laboratory biosecurity involves responsibility for the protection, control and accountability
cof biological materials within facilities to prevent their unauthorized access, theft, misuse, loss, or
tintentional release or exposure. Misuse refers to the use of biological materials for inappropriate or
iillegitimate purposes. Examples of biological materials that require this management include
opathogens and toxins, as well as non-pathogenic organisms such as vaccines, genetically
umodifiedorganisms (GMOs) and cell components or genetic elements.
Adapted
s from http://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Biosecurity.aspx
aVocabulary list in context:

gaccountability (n) : society trust
eadverse (adj) : harmful
nbioterrorism (n) : terrorism involving the release of toxic
tbiological agents customs agents (n) : agencies that prevent terrorists, illegal
simmigrants, drugs, etc.diagnostic facilities (n) : facilities that concerned with the
. diagnosis of illness. illegitimate (adj) : bad
Binfectious (adj) : contagious
imisuse (n) : missaplication
omeasures (n) : ways to evaluate something
rpathological agents (n) : agencies that study the nature of disease
iand its causes unauthorized access (n) : access without permission
s
k
a
s
s
e
s
s
m
e
n
t
s
Halaman 32 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 2
State the paragraph where the following information is found. Number one has been done for
you.
No. Information Paragraph

1. Biosecurity also has a role to propose proper suggestion related 2
to social and political field that should be considered by the
government.
2. Laboratory biosecurity responsibles to protect and control the
biological materials. ..................
.
Halaman 33 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
3. Clinical and health laboratories are managed by pathological

agents. ...................
4. The steps of biosecurity are resulted from the combination
between process and system which carried out by bioscience ...................
laboratories.
5. Biorisk assessments are brought out to recognize the
acceptable and unacceptable levels of biological substances ...................
risk.
Task 3
Answer the following questions based on the information in the text.
1. What is the function of biosecurity?
2. What is the ultimate goal of biosecurity?
3. What do the measures take from?
4. What does “biorisk” refer to?
5. Why is biorisk assessment created?
6. What is the role of Laboratory biosecurity?
7. What does “misuse” refer to?
8. What are pathogens and toxins?
Halaman 34 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 35 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 36 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 10
perikanan, menguasai kosa kata yang berkaitan
3. Bahan Kajian :Water quality management
1. Find 5 vocabulary about physical aspects of water quality. One has been done for you.
D T E M P E R A T U R E T M G
I U E S A M P C E R N I T A G
S R F E R T U I P O K S U N F
S B R U L U N D L E V S R D E
O I S N K E G I I H R O G I R
L D E L K O M T I H G L G R D
V I F R U I X Y B C A V H I T
E T O X I C G A R A M E E R U
G Y D A N G G A R A M F E R U
2. After you find those vocabulary, write the definition based on your opinion.
No. Vocabulary Definition
1. Temperature
2.
3.
4.
5.
Let’s read.
HOW TO ACHIEVE GOOD WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN AQUACULTURE
Water quality is the most important factor affecting fish health and performance in
aquaculture production systems. Good water quality refers to what the fish wants and not what the
farmer thinks the fish wants. This means that farmers must understand the water quality
Halaman 37 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
requirements of the fish under culture very well. Fish live and are totally dependent on the water
they live in for all their needs.This means that we must understand the water quality requirements
of the fish under culture very well.
Different fish species have different and specific range of water quality aspects (temperature,
pH, oxygen concentration, salinity, hardness, etc.) within which they can survive, grow and
reproduce.Within these tolerance limits, each species has its own optimum range, that is, the range
within which it performs best. It is therefore very important for fish producers to ensure that the
physical and chemical conditions of the water remain, as much as possible, within the optimum
range of the fish under culture all the time. Outside these optimum ranges, fish will exhibit poor
growth, erratic behavior, and disease symptoms or parasite infestations. Under extreme cases, or
where the poor conditions remain for prolonged periods of time, fish mortality may occur. Here are
the Physical Aspects of Water Quality.
1. Temperature
Fish are "cold-blooded" and therefore assume the temperature of the water they live in. Water
temperature is therefore the most important physical factor for fish survival and growth. Body
temperature, and thus the water temperature, has an effect on level of activity, behaviour, feeding,
growth, and reproduction of the fish. Each species has its tolerance limits and optimum range. When
water temperatures are outside the optimum range, fish body temperature will either be too high or
too low and fish growth will be affected or the fish will even die.
2. Turbidity
Fine solid particles suspended lead to a turbidity. Turbid Water can be said to be "cloudy".
Turbidity can result from suspended solids (clay) or plankton. Clay turbidity in pond water (muddy
water) can be harmful to fish and limit pond productivity. Clay turbidity in pond can be controlled
by:
1. Treating affected ponds with animal manures at rates of 2.4 T/ha every three weeks or
agricultural limestone, using recommended rates to improve soil pH and water alkalinity
2. Avoiding stocking species that stir up pond bottom mud e.g. the common carp
3. Designing water supply system such that muddy water can be diverted away from ponds
3. Soil pH and Acidity
Pond water may be acidic, alkaline or neutral. Depending on this, water will react in different
ways with substances dissolved in it. It will also affect in different ways the plants and animals living
in the water. The measure of the alkalinity or acidity of water is expressed by its pH value. The pH
value ranges from 0 to 14, with pH 7 indicating that the water is neutral. The Ph values smaller than
7 indicate acidity and greater than 7, alkalinity. Fish production can be greatly affected by excessively
low or high pH.
4. Dissolved oxygen in fish ponds
The most important gas dissolved in water is oxygen. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is essential for
respiration and decomposition.Dissolved oxygen in water comes from atmospheric oxygen and
photosynthesis. The atmospheric oxygen diffuses and dissolves into the water. But the diffusion and its
subsequent dissolves into water is a slow process. The major source of dissolved oxygen in pondsis
photosynthesis.
5. Toxic Materials
Substances toxic to fish and other organisms (herbicides, insecticides, and other chemicals)
should be kept out of the ponds. Ponds should be protected by:
1. Not using insecticides, herbicides, or other chemicals (except for recommended inorganic
fertilizers) in or near your pond.
2. Keeping agricultural run off from the ponds.
3. Avoiding spraying agricultural crops near ponds on windy days.
http://www.thefishsite.com/articles/2022/how-to-achieve-good-water-quality-management-in-
aquaculture/#sthash.rP8JBvc5.dpuf
Vocabulary list in context

affecting (adj) : influencing
carp (n) : farmed for food in large pond
Halaman 38 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
decomposition (v) : to process of heating
diffuses (v) : to spread
diverted (v) : to change
erratic behavior (n) : too active movement
exhibit (v) : to show
limestone(n) : a hard sedimentary rock composed mainly of calcium carbonate
runoff (n) : the draining away of water
turbidity (n) : cloudiness of fluid
Halaman 39 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 40 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 41 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 11
Mikribiologi akuatik, menguasai kosa kata yang
3. Bahan Kajian : Aquatic Microbiology
www.dailymail.co.uk
1) What happens to the river?

2) What could be the possible contaminants?
3) What is done to clean the river and free it from contaminants?
Let’s read.
AQUATIC MICROBIOLOGY IN A RAPIDLY CHANGING WORLD
We are in the era of speed and precision. Like many other disciplines in environmental
biology, applied aquatic microbiology tends to move forward with new rapid and cutting edge tools
to study water-related microorganisms from river banks to the abyss of the oceans. These innovations
help to resolve the issues with determining the risks associated with climate change, human activities
as well as the interactions between species to redefine what a healthy water environment is for all
living organisms sharing these environments.
Characterization of the water environment can now be undertaken associated with any new
or emerging microorganism of concern or interest. Molecular tools have revolutionized the study
of environmental microbiology which has become imperative in particular for applications towards:
discovering the aquatic microbial world, understanding diverse ecosystems and improving
environmental health. Focusing on the human dimensions aspect is also a part of these efforts. The
water and water intensive industries (food, electronics etc), government and private agencies (e.g.
public health and resorts) need new and rapid methods for many applications including recreational
Halaman 42 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
and drinking water safety, wastewater/ residuals treatment and safe disposal or reuse, reclamation
and recycling, aquatic environment protection, trans-boundary pollution control.
On the human dimensions aspect, the access to a safe freshwater resource is a basic human
right and yet we know that today, 840 million people still suffer from undernourishment. It has
been estimated that 88% of diarrheal deaths worldwide are linked to unsafe water, inadequate
sanitation and poor hygiene. Marinewaters on the other hand, are also threatened by heavy
pollution. Sewage is a significant source of contaminants in water, adding excessive amounts of
nutrients, pharmaceuticals and important waterborne diseasecausing bacteria, viruses and parasites.
Today, diarrheal diseases kill more children than AIDS, malaria, and measles combined, making it
the second leading cause of death among children under five globally. The forgotten diseases in the
developed world such as cholera are still a major problem in underdeveloped countries. In addition
to these, emerging pathogens are also threatening our waters. In the United States, most waterborne
disease outbreaks have been listed as acute gastrointestinal diseases (AGI) with unknown etiology.
Least studied agents such as viruses are assumed to cause most of these outbreaks and because of
this, a significant portion of outbreaks due to viral agents are neglected.
http://www.scitechnol.com/2325-9655/2325-9655-1-e102.pdf
abyss (n) : a deep hole
acute (adj) : extremely serious or critical
contaminants (n) : substance that causes contamination
cutting edge(adj) : innovative
diarrheal (adj) : related to diarrhea
disposal (n) : action of throwing away
molecular (n) : related to molecule
move forward (v) : to make progress
outbreaks(adj) : sudden increases
pathogen (n) : viral or bacterial diseases
precision (n) : accuracy
reclamation(n) : restoration
revolutionize (v) : to transform largely
sewage (n) : water-carried waste
trans-boundary (v) : to transport from one place to another place
undernourishment (adj) : having insufficient food
undertaken (v) : to be done
waterborne (adj) : contaminated water
Halaman 43 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 44 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 45 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 46 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 13
Imunologi ikan, menguasai kosa kata yang
3. Bahan Kajian :Fish Immunology
Let’s read.
FISH IMMUNOLOGY
Immune systems protect animals from threats by

parasites, bacteria and viruses. Most of what we know today about
the composition, function and regulation of the two fundamental
branches of the immune system — innate immunity and adaptive
immunity — comes from studies on mice and humans. However,
recently there has been an increased interest in fish immunology
for several reasons. For evolutionary biologists, fish immune
systems provide important comparative out groups for
understanding the evolution of the immune system. Such comparisons should eventually lead to an
increased understanding of general principles of immune system design. At the same time, fish
immune systems are also interesting in their own right, as in fish very different mechanisms may
have evolved as solutions to immunological problems. Additionally, there are practical reasons, as
the cost of infections to aquaculture can be great, making failure of immunity a major risk for
commercial fish farming.
In biological research, several small fish species have increased in popularity as model
organisms for developmental, physiological , and biomedical research. The study of immunology in
aquatic organisms is as old as the immunology itself, as Metchnikoff's observations in the wounded
larvae of starfish initiated his interest in the phagocyte and stimulated his exploration of the cellular
basis of the interaction between an organism and invasions from its environment.
The innate immune system is phylogenetically very old. The most primitive diploblastic
metazoans (sponges and coelenterates) present an epithelial barrier and within an intermediate
mesogleal layer (analogous to the mesoderm of triploblasts), phagocytic amoebocytes perform dual
roles as digestive cells and as defensive cells that engulf foreign organisms. The innate immune
system is an important subsystem of the overall immune system that comprises of the cells and
mechanisms that defend the host from infection by other organisms. Innate immunity provides
some form of defence against pathogens in all multicellular organisms but with cartilaginous and
bony fish, although the lowest group of jawed vertebrates, the addition of a classic adaptive immune
response becomes apparent. This provides the refinements of specificity for antigen recognition and
memory. The T and B lymphocytes are the effector leucocytes, acquiring their antigen‐specific
receptors (immunoglobulin for B cells and T‐cell receptor for T cells) in the anterior kidney (bone
marrow being absent) and thymus. The B cells are responsible for the production of antibodies that
function as different immunoglobulin classes, whereas subsets of T lymphocytes are capable of
killing target cells or helping with B‐ and other T‐cell functions. Knowledge of these mechanisms is
important for the use and design of vaccines, now so essential for the aquaculture industry, whereas
studies of fish immunology contribute to the understanding of the evolution of adaptive immunity.
Halaman 47 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Adapted from: Lieschke. Graham J & Trede. Nikolaus S. 2009. Fish Immunology

adaptive (adj) : flexible
biomedical (adj) : study on preventing and treatment of diseases
cellular (adj) : related to cell
commercial (adj) : related to business
defensive (adj) : protecting something
digestive (adj) : related to the food process in body
epithelial barrier (np) : a maintenance of body surface or lines a body cavity
evolved (v) : to be grown
innate (adj) : inborn
invasion (n) : take control for attacking
physiological (adj) : animal’s mind and behavior
refinements (n) : the process of making a substance
subsets (n) : parts
Halaman 48 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Halaman 49 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 13
Manajemen Kesehatan ikan, menguasai kosa kata
yang berkaitan dengannya, serta menceritakan
ulang isi wacana secara lisan dan tulisan
3. Bahan Kajian :Fish Health Management
Before reading the text, look at the picture and match the picture with the disease of the fish.
tis Fin- Fin-rot Anchor Gill White spot

Haemorrha worm flukes
Velvet
fungus
Intestina
lworms
Fish lice
Ulcers
Hole in Eye Cloudy Costia Body

Fungus
the head fluke eyes flukes
www.waterlife.co.uk
Let’s read.
FISH DISEASES TREATMENT
The strategy for an environmentally sustainable Norwegian aquaculture industries state that
disease in fish farming shall not have a regulating effect on stocks of wild fish, and that as many
farmed fish as possible shall grow to slaughter weight with minimal use of medicines. In all intensive
livestock farming, diseases present a challenge. Efforts to keep farmed fish free of diseases are
important both for fish welfare and for the economy of the fish farmer.
In the early days of Norwegian aquaculture, the high incidence of bacterial infection in
salmon and rainbow trout resulted in severe losses. Treatment with antibiotics was necessary to
Halaman 50 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
inhibit the spread of the infections, reduce mortality and keep fish welfare as optimally high as
possible.
All farmed salmon are vaccinated
Frequent outbreaks of disease, high mortality and treatments with antibiotics led to severe
economic losses for fish farmers. In addition, the concentration of antibiotics under the cages and
bacterial resistance to the antibiotics used led to intensive research into effective vaccines against
the most important fish diseases. Today, all farmed salmon in Norway are vaccinated and thus most
bacterial infections are prevented.
The most important viral infections in salmon farming today are Infectious Pancreatic
Necrosis, Infectious Salmon Anaemia, and Pancreatic Disease, against which there is no treatment.
The available vaccines against viral infections in fish are still not as effective as most vaccines against
bacterial infections. To prevent or reduce the impact of viral diseases, good management practice is
essential. With regard to Infectious Salmon Anaemia, the authorities have issued strict regulations
on how to handle outbreaks of the infection using slaughtering and fallowing periods.
Developmental anomalies, deformities and cataracts have to date been the most significant
among the non-infectious diseases. Research has shown that temperatures in early developmental
stages and nutritional factors are important in avoiding these problems. Parasites may be found
among farmed fish, as in wild populations. Salmon lice (Lepeotheirus salmonis) are the most
common parasite among all species of salmonids.
Low total use of antibiotics
Among other marine species in aquaculture, diseases are a challenge just as in the salmon
industry. Their larvae are very small compared to the salmon fry at hatching and are especially
vulnerable in this initial period. Hence good hygienic conditions are crucial in the production of
early life stages. Antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections and most of the antibiotics used in
fish farming in Norway today are used to fight diseases in marine species, although their total use is
low. Vaccines against infections have also been developed for marine species.
Adapted From: http://www.fisheries.no/aquaculture/Sustainability/Fish-diseases--treatment-and-prevention/

cataracts (n) : eye disease
deformities (n) : malformation (impairment in shape)
fallowing (adj) : inactive
inhibit (v) : to restrain
mortality (n) : death
outbreaks (n) : sudden increases
parasites (n) : harmful organisms
resistance (n) : the state of not being affected
slaughter (v) : to cut down
Halaman 51 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
sustainable (adj) : maintained
vaccines (n) : medicines for antibody
viral (adj) : related to virus
welfare (n) : life
Task 1
Answer the following questions based on the information from the text.
1. Why are the efforts to keep farmed fish free of diseases important?
2. What are the benefits of using antibiotics treatment?
3. What are the most viral infections in salmon farming?
4. What are the important factors in avoiding the non-infectious diseases problems?
5. Why do diseases give a challenge in the salmon industry?
Task 2
State the paragraph where you can find the information below.
into an effective research to develop vaccines against fish

diseases.
2. The effort of keeping fish free from diseases is important not

only for fish farmer, but also for fish itself.
3. The most unwanted parasite which infected salmon is

Lepeotheirus salmonis or Salmon lice.
in aquaculture especially in the salmon industry.
5. Antibiotic treatment is strongly adviced to prevent

bacterialinfection after the incidence of bacterial 121
infection in Norwegian aquaculture.
Halaman 122 dari 149
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
6. The available vaccines cannot handle the viral infections in

salmon farming, therefore a good management is very
important to reduce its impact.
Task 3
Fill the following crossword puzzle by looking for the synonym of bold typed words in the box.
DOWN ACROSS
1. Norwegian aquaculture industries 2. The strategy for an environmentally
state that disease in fish farming sustainable , and that as many farmed
shall not have a regulating effect on fish as possible shall grow to slaughter
stocks of wild fish. weight with minimal use of medicines.
3. Treatment with antibiotics was 4. To prevent or reduce the impact of
necessary to inhibit the spread of viral diseases, good management
the infections. practice is essential.
5. Fish farmings in Norway use 6. The authorities have issued strict
antibiotics to treat bacterial regulations on how to handle outbreaks
infections. of the infection using slaughtering and
7. Norway today are used to fight fallowing periods.
diseases in marine species, 8. Vaccines against infections have also
although their total use is low. been developed for marine species.
3. 1.
R 5.
U
4. R
R
2. I
S I
7.
A
6. N
8. M O
T
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
In writing tips, pay attention to the following
rules:
➢
o Examples:
▪
▪ Listen to me!
▪ Do not give up!
▪ You have to study hard!
▪ Pray to God.
➢ Use transitional signals.
o Examples:
▪
▪
▪ Thirdly,...
▪ Next…
▪
▪ Then…
▪ Finally…
▪ Lastly,…
Task 4
Make some tips based on the clues provided in the left boxes. Change the clues on the left side
into imperative sentences. Then, develop the points of the tips into some sentences.
Water Changes
Filter Replacement Guidelines
two weeks.
Tubing Inspection
Aquarium Cleaning
Expiration Checking
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 5
Propose some tips based on the following problem.
such as an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration. I am so concerned

about that. Can you give me some tips to eliminate stress on my fish?
Do not worry my friend. I have some useful tips to eliminate strees

on your aquarium fish.
1. Firstly, you must provide the highest quality water, nutrition, and
suitable tank environment.
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................
Task 6
Search any tips on internet, books, magazines, or any other sources about how to eliminate fish
diseases like in these cards below. Then, rewrite the tips in your own words.
Ammonia Camallanus Worms Fish Fungus
Gill flukes Intestinal worms

Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Let’s speak.
GIVING TIPS
Tips are given to help people solve their problems. Here are some ways when you want to
ask for some tips from your friends.
Study the following conversation about giving tips for eliminating fish disease
Tina : Your face looks so gloomy. What’s wrong?

Arif : I am so sad Tina, my fish are usually
found at the water surface. They
seemto be gulping at the surface
with their mouths.
Tina : It seems that your fish get fish disesecalled Asking
oxygen starvation. for
Arif : Can you give me tips to eliminate tips
theoxygen starvation disease?
Tina : The first tip is to check the temperature because higher water
temperatures require higher levels of oxygen. Second , You need to increase the Tips
aeration in the tank with air stones and power heads andincrease the flow rate with
with your filters. Third, try to decrease the temperature of the water by transitio
floating ice cubes in plastic baggies andturning off the tank light. The last, you nal
need to increase the aeration in your tank if you have an overcrowded signals
aquarium.
Arif : Thank you Tina for your useful tips.
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Tina : You are welcome, Arif .
Here are some other ways for asking tips.
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Task 7
Ask your friend to give you tips for the following situations/topics. Present it in front of your
classmates.
Your fish is in terminal You have to decide
ill. You have to decide
to go to a veterinarian or doing fish
or buy a new fish. reseach inlaboratory.
You are confused in You ought to choose

deciding between
buying a new fish tank fish or buying a
or buying a new water new fishery book.
filter.
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 14
Pengolahan bidang perikanan, menguasai kosa
kata yang berkaitan dengannya, serta
menceritakan ulang isi wacana secara lisan dan
tulisan
3. Bahan Kajian :Fish Processing
Before reading the text, please arrange the jumbled picture into a proper fish processing.
1 2
3 4
Let’s read.
FISH PROCESSING
Fish processing is the processes associated with fish and fish products. It also deals with the
time in which fish are and delivered to the customer. The processing and preservation of fish were
of utmost importance since fish is highly susceptible to deterioration immediately after harvest and
to prevent economic losses. If fish is not sold fresh, preservation methods should be applied to
extend its shelf-life.
Since fish is perishable commodities that can deteriorate quickly, it is necessary to preserve
them until they can be taken to be processed in a fish factory. Many fishing vessels have freezers to
store the fish, and some large fish processing companies even have a fish factory or a cannery row
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
on the fishing vessel itself. Such a factory ship can deliver canned goods directly to the retail
industry. Given the rising demand for fish around the world, there has been a corresponding rise
in larger and better equipped fish factories.
There are different stages in fish processing. The raw fish is usually first sorted and then it
may be preserved as is or it may be skinned and gutted. The fish is then filleted, graded, cut, and
trimmed. Depending on how the fish is to be sold, it may be frozen, salted or precooked for
preservation. The fish that is to be sold in the retail trade is usually sent to be canned in the cannery
row.
Processing fish in this way is not a new concept. There are many instances in history of
fishing vessels having specialist fishermen on board to process the fish, or having the fish processed
as soon as possible in a coastal fish processing center. Archaeologists have found a Roman fish
processing plant in Baelo Claudia in Spain. This fish factory was used to process the Spanish garum
fish and it was then exported to Rome.
With increasing fish consumption in modern times, there is a concern about over-fishing
and depleting the natural fish populations. To prevent this from happening, many fishing
companies either breed their own fish or agree to follow a strict fishing quota. It is also mandatory
nowadays for a fish factory to get a food safety certification to show that they are following the correct
and hygienic procedures in getting their fish products ready for the consumer market.
Adapted from http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-fish-factory.htm
canned goods (n) : fish product/package
cannery row (n) : store shelf
deplete (v) : to decrease
deterioration (n) : damage or decay
equipped (adj) : having complete tools
fillet (v) : to slice
graded (v) : to cut into same size
mandatory (adj) : rules
vessels (n) : ship
gutted (v) : to take out
perishable (adj) : easy to decay
retail industry (n) : store
shelf-life (n) : expired time
trim (v) : to crop
utmost (adj) : greatest
Task 1
Answer the following questions based on the text.
1. What is fish processing?
2. Why is fish prevention important to be carried out?
3. Mention the stages of fish processing.
4. How do fishing companies prevent over-fishing?
5. Why should fish factory get a food safety certification?
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 2
Identify the paragraph where the following information is found. One has been done for you.
Many fishing companies avoid over-fishing by following a strict fishing 5

quota.
Nowadays, it is an obligation for a fish factory to get a food safety .....

certification.
The concept of fish processing has existed in ancient time that .....
wasindicated by the finding of Roman fish processing in Spain by
Archeologists.
Fish processing is conducted by the time in which fish is harvested to .....

be
delivered to the customer.
Fish prevention is necessary to do since fish is a commodity that
.....
can
Task 3
Tick (√) T if the statement is true, F if it is not true and NG if there is no information related tothe
statement in the text.
No. Statement T F NG
1. The processing and prevention of fish are very
important to keep the economic stability.
2. There are some information about how to increase
economic for fisherman.
3. Only some fishing vessels have the freezers to keep the
fish.
4. Skinning and gutting fish are the only stages of fish
processing.
5. Fish processing should be immediately conducted
after harvest.
6. Freezing is the most effective method to avoid
deterioration.
7. Fish processing is a new concept developed by
scientists around 20th century.
8. The government should facilitate fishing companies
in provinding certificate of food safety.
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Let’s write.
WRITING A PROCEDURE TEXT
A procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved through a sequence of
actions or steps. It explains how people perform different processes in a sequence of steps. This text uses simple
present tense, often imperative sentences. It also uses the temporal conjunction such as first, second, then, next,
finally, etc.
The generic structures of procedure text are :

• Goal/aim (or title)
• Materials (not required for all procedural texts)
• Steps (the actions that must be taken)
Study the following example.
Goal/purpos
e
objective)
crumbs
Materials
(Telling about what
Gortons.com you need)
salt
Steps
to do)
8 10
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
The purpose of procedure text is to provide you with sequenced information or directions so that
you can successfully perform activities in clear, efficient and appropriate ways. The
characteristics/language features of the text are:
1. Uses imperative
2. Specific and communicative enough.
3. Uses action verb (cut, fold, twist, hold, etc )
Task 4
Complete the procedure text by filling the blank space with the appropriate words in the box.
How to make fresh grilled fish.
1. ………………………the grill.
2. ……………………….the grill and blast the heat.
3. ……………………….the fish.
4. ………………………the fish into a good favor.
5. ……………………….the skin-side down and diagonally on the grill.
6. ……………………….the fish and check to cook.
prepare seasoning flip

Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 5
Write a procedure how to handle the fish. You can use the vocabulary provided in the box.How
to handle of the fish.
First take keep force then
Task 6
Write a good procedure of making something with fish or crab from one of the following topics.
How to How to
increase the createcrab
How to get
fish population mangrove
fillet the fish
cultivation
Better to teach a man to fish than to give a man a fish

Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
MINGGU KE - 15
Praktik Pasar Perikanan, menguasai kosa kata
yang berkaitan dengannya, serta menceritakan
ulang isi wacana secara lisan dan tulisan
3. Bahan Kajian :Fish marketing practices
Pertemuan 16
Before reading the text, look at the chart below and answer the following questions.
Let’s read.
FISH-MARKETING PRACTICES AND STRUCTURE OF MARKETS
To make fish available to consumers at the right time and in theright place
requires an effective marketing system. Fishermen who catch fish by
laboring overnight do not usually sell fish in retail markets. Atthe break
of day, they take their catches to places where Nikaries/Beparies, or
retailers, meet them and bargain by the lot. At the landing point, the
number of intermediaries is low. Only one or two intermediaries may
approacha fisherman. Once bargaining has started, other intermediaries remain at a distance and
wait for their turn to deal. If the first intermediary is unsuccessful, another step is in to bargain for
the catch.Normally, the first Nikary/Paiker-retailer does not allow this to happen and secures the
lot for himself. No open bidding exists in such a case. Therefore, the poor fisherman often falls prey
to the Nikary/Bepari/Paiker-retailer's crude exploitations. A fisherman, as a seller, cannot
negotiate favorable prices for himself mainly because:
• he meets buyers (intermediaries) one at a time and at different times
• he cannot keep fish for a long time because the product is highly perishable
• he has no specific place to sit in the market to sell his fish.
Entry into the market is difficult for fishermen for many reasons, mainly because of strong
non-cooperation and resistance from the Paikers/retailers. Thus, it is obvious why fishing
communities remain poor or is getting poorer over the years, although they trade an important,
necessary and every-day commodity. Markets at the primary catch stage are almost completely non-
competitive and therefore, exploitation is high.
A pond-farmer, who sells fish by the lot or by species, faces one or two 'nikaries' in his area.
Sometimes, Nikaries/Beparies establish their own exclusive trading areas, where other nikaries do
not interfere or compete openly. Therefore, a fish farmer does not encounter a market with many
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
buyers but rather a situation in which he meets more fellow sellers than buyers. This is particularly
the case in remote villages. In areas that are well connected by roads and rail, fish farmers contact
wholesalers in secondary or higher secondary markets directly and negotiate prices and quantitiesof
fish with the 'Arat's on their own initiatives. Intermediaries, particularly Aratdars, face competition
from other wholesalers, which gives the secondary and higher secondary markets an oligopoly-
type structure.
Fifty-five percent of fish sellers deal in fresh fish in rural primary markets, 17% sells live fish,
and sellers of dry fish constitute 7%. Some vendors of small, fresh fish may be the fishermen
themselves, who sell directly to the consumers or to the Beparies. If they are, they sit in open places
near the fish market and pay exorbitant tolls to extortionists. Thus they face high transaction costs
for selling their fish in the market. Competition is higher in retail markets than in any other kind
of market, e.g. secondary or higher secondary markets. Prices of fish are determined by the direct
interplay of demand for and supply of fish in retail markets.
Adapted From: http://www.fao.org/docrep/004/y2876e/y2876e0i.htm
bidding (n) : an offer at an auction
crude (adj) : giving unreasonable
encounter (v) : to meet or find something unexpectedly
exorbitant (adj) : exceeding proper limits
extortionists (n) : blackmailers
falls prey (v) : to be put into bad situation
intermediaries (n) : mediators between sides that may disagree
laboring (n) : working
lot (n) : a unit
oligopoly-type structure (n) : an economic structure in which a small number of sellers control
over the market
resistance (n) : rejection
secures (v) : to keep
secondary market (n) : a market wherein the trading is done
trade (v) : to sell
vendors (n) : sellers
wholesalers (n) : people or companies that sells things to businesses and not to
individuals
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 1
Complete the chart below based on the information in the text.
1.Nikaries
Fish ....................
2.............. Market ..............
3..............
Obstacles in
Tricks in Percentage offish
getting favorable
getting fish in the market
price
from 1. .....................
1........................... fishermen
2........................... 2. 17% of live
3. No specific 1. Establish an fish.
place to sell the exclusive
trading area. 3. .....................
fish in the
market. 2.
..................
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 2
Determine the paragraph where you can find the information below. Number one has been
donefor you.
to satisfy the customer. 1
2.Nikary/Bepari often plays crude exploitation that

causing losses to fishermen.
3. A fish transaction between the fishermen and

thecustomers can occur in rural primary market.
4. The fishermen face many obstacles to enter the

marketbecause Paikers cannot work cooperatively.
5. Nikaries cause a situation where the fishermen meet

more sellers than buyers.
6. The high exploitation makes fishing communities

become poorer in the recent years.
Form
No Dok. F-JUR-011
(BPP)
Task 3
Find the words in the text which correspond to following definitions. The first letter of each
word is already given.
1. The sale of goods directly to the customers

(Paragraph 1). R_ _ _ _ _
2. A spacious site where traders
M_____
set up stall and buyers
browsethe merchandise
(Paragraph 2).
F_____
3. A colleague or partner (Paragraph 3).
4. The cost required to gain P____

possession of something
(Paragraph3).
T__________
5. A deal or business agreement (Paragraph 4)

BPP B Inggris Profesi 24

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

BPP B Inggris Profesi 24

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Halaman 1 dari 149

Before reading the text, answer the following questions.

1. Why do you choose fisheries as your major?

1. Fisheries have a direct correlation with other fields that have

2. Protecting the productivity of fish and promoting the fish

3. The study on fisheries is offered in almost universities around

populations, and the conditions of fish life.

Fish Anatomy Function

HOW DOES A FISH LIVE IN WATER?

brisk (adj) : active

No. Statements Paragraph

6. The layer of the fish prevents the water come into ….

No. Part of Fish Anatomy Word Function

Every Sunday I go to a fish pond

No. Jumble words

No. Good sentence

Discussion Go to college Fish anatomy

breakfast In the class Wake up Take a shower

Arriving ................................................. , I get ready to start my

Your career hears what your mind says.

Before reading the text, answer the following questions.

1. What do the above pictures show us? Explain.

specifically to aquacultural engineering. People

Vocabulary list in context:

enclosures (n) : addition

1. the synonym of usual

Vocabulary List in Context:

control crosses (v) : to combine

loci (n) : place

4. What are the main characteristics of protein structure?

5. Give example of heteromultimeris.

Find the correct synonym of the underlined words in each sentence.

Before reading the text, answer the following questions.

1. What can you say about the above chart?

Mating Ritual of Betta Fish

Vocabulary list in context:

Vitamin 21% Fat 13.8%

Mineral 6.1% Fiber 15%

To maintain their health, a human needs the precise amount of nutrition

1. What do the pictures tell you about?

aVocabulary list in context:

eadverse (adj) : harmful

nbioterrorism (n) : terrorism involving the release of toxic

. diagnosis of illness. illegitimate (adj) : bad

Binfectious (adj) : contagious

imisuse (n) : missaplication

omeasures (n) : ways to evaluate something

rpathological agents (n) : agencies that study the nature of disease

iand its causes unauthorized access (n) : access without permission

No. Information Paragraph

3. Clinical and health laboratories are managed by pathological

HOW TO ACHIEVE GOOD WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN AQUACULTURE

Vocabulary list in context

Before reading the text, answer the following questions.

1) What happens to the river?

Immune systems protect animals from threats by

Vocabulary list in context:

tis Fin- Fin-rot Anchor Gill White spot

Hole in Eye Cloudy Costia Body

All farmed salmon are vaccinated

Low total use of antibiotics

Adapted From: http://www.fisheries.no/aquaculture/Sustainability/Fish-diseases--treatment-and-prevention/

Vocabulary list in context:

into an effective research to develop vaccines against fish