MAKENI COLLEGE SCHOOL OF NURSING

MICROBIOLOGY TEST 1
JAN 2011 INTAKE

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

TIME: 2 HOURS

SECTION A

1. Define the following terms;

(a) Pathogenicity [2]

(b) Virulence [2]
(c) Microbiology [2]e
(d) Resolution of a microscope [2]
(e) Spore [2]

2. Differentiate the following;

(a) Symbiosis [2]

(b) Spontaneous generation and biogenesis (germ theory) [2]
(c) Infection and disease [2]
(d) Gram and ziel Neelsen staining [2]
(e) Pili and flagella

3. Concerning History of Microbiology;

i. Define the “golden age of Microbiology” [2]

“The golden of Microbiology is the years between 1867 – 1914 and is the time
when many important theories in Microbiology where discovered.”

ii. What where the following famous for;

(a) Antony Van Leeuwenhoek [2]

(b) Robert Koch [2]
(c) Joseph Lister [2]
(d) Francesco Redi [2]

iii. State the Koch’s postulates. [4]

4.
(i) Give THREE (3) differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes [3]

(ii) Why are viruses NOT usually referred to as cells. [2]

SECTION B

1. By giving examples, classify bacteria according to;

 Shape [8]
 Gram Stain [6]

2. Discuss bacterial nutrition (growth requirements) under the following headings;

 Oxygen [4]
 Temperature [5]

BONUS QUESTION: How is urine and sputum collected in children below 5 years old. [2]