Class Xii Geography Ch-4-Book 1-Mcq

FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY
CHAPTER 4: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

MIND MAPPING:
Human development is that development which enlarges people’s choices and improves their quality of
lives.
The concept of human development is introduced by Dr. Mahbub ul-Haq, a Pakistani economist.
APPROACHES TO HUMAN THE FOUR PILLARS OF

DEVELOPMENT HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
• Income Approach:-This is one The concept of Human

of the oldest approaches to human Development was introduced by Dr.
Mahbul-ul-Haq.
development. Human development
is linked to income.Higher the • Equality: It refers to making
HUMAN
level of income, the higher is the equal access to opportunities
DEVELOPMENT
level of humandevelopment. available to everybody irrespective
• Welfare Approach:This of their gender, race, income and
approach looks at human beings as caste.
beneficiaries or targets ofall • Sustainability: It refers to
development activities. The continuity in the availability of
approach argues for higher opportunities. This means that each
government expenditure on generation must have the same
education, health, social secondary opportunities.
and amenities. People are not • Productivity: Productivity here
participants in development but refers to the productivity of man
only passive recipients. power. The productivity of
• Basic Needs Approach:This manpower should be improved
approach was initially proposed by continuously by making people
the International Labour competent or capable.
Organisation (ILO). Sixbasic • Empowerment:It means to
needs i.e.: health, education, food, have the power to make choices.
water supply, sanitation, and This can be achieved by increasing
housing were identified. freedom and capability of people.
• Capability Approach:-This
approach is associated with Prof.
Amartya Sen. Buildinghuman
capabilities in the areas of health,
education and access to resources
is the key to increasing human
development.
ZIET BBSR PAGE 1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Sl.No Question:
1 Which statement depicts the best definition of sustainable development?
(A)It means optimal utilization of natural resources.
(B) Sustainable use of natural resources without considering the need of the future
generation.
(C) Present generation fulfils its needs while considers the needs of the future generation as
well.
(D) None of these
Ans: (C) Present generation fulfils its needs while considers the needs of the future
generation as well
2. Making equal access to opportunities available to everyone refers to..
(A)Empowerment
ZIET BBSR PAGE 2

(B) Productivity
(C) Equity
(D) Sustainability
Ans: (C) Equity

3. Countries with high level of human development invest more in …..
(A) Industrial sector
(B) Social Sector.
(C) Political sector
(D) Human Sector
Ans: (A) Industrial sector

4. Concept of Human development involves the…
(A) Life on the surface of the earth
(B) Quality of life of the people
(C) Man’s adjustment to the environment
(D)How environment dictates the activities of man
Ans: (B) Quality of life of the people

5. Empowerment is the power …
(A) Having needs of serves
(B) To make choice
(C) To change the environment.
(D)To increase the opportunities
Ans: (B) To make choice.

6. Standard of Living is measured by:
(A) GDP per capita
(B) GNH per capita
(C) GPH per capita
(D) HDI
Ans: (A) GDP per capita
7. Which one of the following countries has highest Hunan development index?
(A)Norway
(B)Egypt
(C)Australia
(D)USA
Ans: (A)Norway
8. Which one of the following describes human development in best manner?
(A)an increase in size.
(B) A positive change in quality
(C)a negative change in quality
(D) A simple change
ZIET BBSR PAGE 3

Ans: (B) A positive change in quality
9. Which is the only country in the world that officially proclaims the gross national happiness
as the measure of country's progress?
(A)Nepal
(B)India
(C)Bhutan
(D)Sri Lanka
Ans: (C)Bhutan
10. Which three indicators are used in the Human Development Index (HDI)?
(I)Standard of living
(II)Education
(III)Life expectancy
(IV)Condition of environment
(A) Only I,II& IV
(B) Only I, II, & III
(C) Only I & II
(D) Only I, IV, & III
Ans: (B) Only I, II, & III
11. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched

(A) Income approach - Human Development is seen as being linked to income.
(B) Welfare approach- It looks at human beings as beneficiaries or targets of all development
activities.
(C) Basic need approach---- Proposed by Dr.Mahbub -ul- Haq in which human choices are
considered.
(D) Capability approach ---- Associated to Prof. Amartya Sen. Building shooting capability
is in the area of health education and resources
Ans: (C) Basic need approach---- Proposed by Dr.Mahbub -ul- Haq in which human choices
are considered
12. Sustainability means
(A) Conservation of environment
(B) Continuity in availability of opportunities
(C) Each generation must have same opportunity
(D) B and C Both
Ans: (D) B and C Both

13. Countries with very high human development index are those which have a score of:
(A) about 0.8
(B) below 0.8
(C) over 0.8
(D) not even close to 0.8
Ans: (A) about 0.8
ZIET BBSR PAGE 4

14. ___________approach looks at human beings as beneficiaries or targets of all development
activities.
(A) Welfare
(B) Capability
(C) Income
(D) Basic needs
Ans: (A) Welfare

15. The ---------- index is related to the human development index. This index measures the
shortfall in human development.
(A) Human Poverty Index
(B) Gross Happiness Index
(C) Income Index
(D) Basic Needs Index
Ans: (A) Human Poverty Index

16. The countries with highest human development index spend more on:
(A) Social Sector like health and education
(B) in war with developing countries
(C) providing food to the poor countries
(D) in construction sectors
Ans: (A) Social Sector like health and education

17. Higher the level of income:
(A) the higher is the level of human development.
(B) the lower is the level of human development.
(C) the stagnant is the level of human development.
(D) The high the level of immigration flow
Ans: (A) the higher is the level of human development.

18. A large proportion of the small countries which have been going through political turmoil
and social instability in the form of civil war have _________.
(A) the higher is the level of human development.
(B) the lower is the level of human development.
(C) the stagnant is the level of human development.
(D) The high the level of immigration flow
Ans: (B) the lower is the level of human development.

19. What is the purpose of introduced Beti Bachao Beti Padhao programme
A. awareness about decline in child sex ratio
B. Increase in child sex ratio
C. Both A & B
D. None of above
Ans: C. Both A & B
ZIET BBSR PAGE 5

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FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

CHAPTER 4: HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

APPROACHES TO HUMAN THE FOUR PILLARS OF

• Income Approach:-This is one The concept of Human

ZIET BBSR PAGE 1

ZIET BBSR PAGE 2

Ans: (C) Equity

Ans: (A) Industrial sector

Ans: (B) Quality of life of the people

Ans: (B) To make choice.

Ans: (A) GDP per capita

ZIET BBSR PAGE 3

Ans: (B) Only I, II, & III

11. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched

Ans: (D) B and C Both

Ans: (A) about 0.8

ZIET BBSR PAGE 4

Ans: (A) Welfare

Ans: (A) Human Poverty Index

Ans: (A) Social Sector like health and education

Ans: (A) the higher is the level of human development.

Ans: (B) the lower is the level of human development.

ZIET BBSR PAGE 5

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