Wordlist ROADMAP B2
Part of
Word/Phrase
Lesson 1
Lesson 1A
think about something
smile at someone
believe in something
work on something
suffer from something
concentrate on something
belong to someone
deal with something
rely on something
stand for something
Lesson 1A VB
appeal to someone
believe in someone/something
belong to someone
boast about something
depend on someone/something v phr
differ from someone/something v phr
discourage someone from
doinɡ something
enquire about something
insist on something
involve someone in something
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speech Pronunciation German French Italian Definition Example
to use your mind to decide about
something, form an opinion, imagine Think carefully about every spending
v phr ˈθɪŋk əbaʊt ˌsʌmθɪŋ über etw. nachdenken réfléchir à qc. pensare a qcs. something, etc. decision you make.
to make your mouth curve upwards, in
order to be friendly or because you are ‘I’m delighted to meet you,’ George said,
v phr ˈsmaɪl ət ˌsʌmwʌn jmd. anlächeln sourire à qn. sorridere a qcn. happy or amused smiling at the girl.
Hearing that she was alive was almost
v phr bɪˈliːv ɪn ˌsʌmθɪŋ an etw. glauben croire à qc. credere in qcs. to be sure that something exists enough to make me believe in miracles.
to spend time working in order to produce He has spent the last two years working
v phr ˈwɜːk ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ an etw. arbeiten travailler à/sur qc. lavorare a qcs. or repair something on a book about childcare.
to have a particular disease or medical The writer suffered from ill health for most
v phr ˈsʌfə frəm ˌsʌmθɪŋ an etw. leiden souffrir de qc. soffrire di qcs. condition, especially for a long time of his life.
ˈkɒnsəntreɪt ɒn to think very carefully about something Be quiet – let me concentrate on my
v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ sich auf etw. konzentrieren se concentrer sur qc. concentrarsi in qcs. that you are doing homework.
if something belongs to someone, they
v phr bɪˈlɒŋ tə ˌsʌmwʌn jmd. gehören appartenir à qn. appartenere a qcn. own it Who does this scarf belong to?
to succeed in controlling your feelings
about an emotional problem so that it does For a while I had no idea how to deal with
v phr ˈdiːl wɪð ˌsʌmθɪŋ mit etw. klarkommen faire face à qc./gérer qc. affrontare qcs. not affect your life my father’s death.
to trust or depend on something to do Many people now rely on the internet for
v phr rɪˈlaɪ ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ sich auf etw. verlassen se fier à qc. affidarsi a qcs. what you need or expect it to do news.
if a letter or symbol stands for something,
it represents a word or idea, especially as
v phr ˈstænd fə ˌsʌmθɪŋ für etw. stehen représenter qc. rappresentare qcs. a short form ATM stands for automated teller machine.
if someone or something appeals to you, The idea of working abroad really appeals
v phr əˈpiːl tə ˌsʌmwʌn jmd. ansprechen, jmd. gefallen plaire à qn. piacere a qcn. they seem attractive and interesting to me.
bɪˈliːv ɪn ˌsʌmwʌn,
v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ an jmd./etw. glauben croire en qn./qc. credere in qcn./qcs. to think that something is effective or right I don’t believe in these diets.
if something belongs to someone, they
v phr bɪˈlɒŋ tə ˌsʌmwʌn jmd. gehören appartenir à qn. appartenere a qcs. own it The book belongs to Dan.
to talk too proudly about your abilities,
achievements or possessions because She’s always boasting about how good
v phr ˈbəʊst əbaʊt ˌsʌmθɪŋ mit etw. prahlen se vanter de qc. vantarsi di qcs. you want other people to admire you she is at languages.
to need the support, help or existence of
dɪˈpend ɒn ˌsʌmwʌn, someone or something in order to exist, be We depend entirely on donations from the
ˌsʌmθɪŋ von jmd./etw. abhängen dépendre de qn./qc. dipendere da qcn./qcs. healthy, be successful, etc. public.
ˈdɪfə frəm ˌsʌmwʌn, sich von jmd./etw. to be different from someone or something Modern teaching methods differ greatly
ˌsʌmθɪŋ unterscheiden être différent de qn./qc. divergere da qcn./qcs. in some way from those of 50 years ago.
to persuade someone not to do
dɪsˌkʌrɪdʒ ˌsʌmwʌn jmd. überreden, etw. nicht zu something, especially by making it seem She discouraged me from going to work in
v phr frəm ˈduːɪŋ ˌsʌmθɪŋ tun décourager qn. de faire qc. scoraggiare qcn. da fare qcs. difficult or bad a different country.
ɪnˈkwaɪər əbaʊt to ask someone for information about I’m writing to enquire about the job that
v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ sich nach etw. erkundigen se renseigner sur qc. informarsi su something was advertised in yesterday’s ‘Times’.
v phr ɪnˈsɪst ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ auf etw. bestehen insister sur qc. insistere su qcs. to demand that something should happen She insists on having her own bedroom.
ɪnˈvɒlv ˌsʌmwʌn ɪn to ask or allow someone to take part in Try to involve as many children as
v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ jmd. in etw. einbeziehen impliquer qn. dans qc. coinvolgere qcn. in qcs. something possible in the game.

specialise in something
suffer from something
volunteer for something
Lesson 1B
be devastating
feel numb
bawl your eyes out
feel ashamed
be in shock
have an impact on someone
Wordlist ROADMAP B1
to limit all or most of your study, business,
v phr ˈspeʃəlaɪz ɪn ˌsʌmθɪŋ sich auf etw. spezialisieren se spécialiser dans qc. specializzarsi in qcs. etc. to a particular subject or activity Simmons specialised in contract law.
if someone suffers from an unpleasant or
difficult experience, or is in a difficult
situation, it happens to them or they London employers were suffering from a
v phr ˈsʌfə frəm ˌsʌmθɪŋ unter etw. leiden souffrir de qc. soffrire di qcs. experience it shortage of school-leavers.
to offer to do something without expecting
any reward, often something that other I volunteered for clearing-up duties after
v phr ˌvɒlənˈtɪə fə ˌsʌmθɪŋ freiwillig etw. tun se porter bénévole pour offrirsi per fare qcs. people do not want to do the event the following day.
making someone feel extremely sad or It can be devastating to suddenly find you
v phr bi ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ niederschmetternd sein être dévastateur essere devastanti shocked don’t have a job any more.
to be unable to think, feel or react in a I just sat outside his hospital room, feeling
v phr ˌfiːl ˈnʌm sich wie betäubt fühlen se sentir paralysé sentirsi intorpiditi normal way totally numb with fear.
pleurer toutes les larmes de Lucy read the letter and bawled her eyes
v phr ˌbɔːl jər ˈaɪz aʊt sich die Augen ausweinen son corps scoppiare a piangere to be extremely sad and cry a lot out.
to feel very sorry and embarrassed I felt so ashamed of the things I’d said to
v phr ˌfiːl əˈʃeɪmd sich schämen avoir honte vergognarsi because of something you have done him.
to have a feeling of surprise and disbelief
when something very unexpected
unter Schock stehen, happens, especially something bad or I was quite literally in shock when I saw
v phr bi ɪn ˈʃɒk schockiert sein être en état de choc essere scioccati frightening Helen at the door.
hæv ən ˈɪmpækt ɒn to have a large effect or influence on Winning this competition could have a
v phr ˌsʌmwʌn einen Einfluss auf jdm. haben avoir un impact sur qn. avere un impatto su qcn. someone big, big impact on my life.

inspire someone to do ɪnˌspaɪə ˌsʌmwʌn tə to encourage someone by making them He inspired many young people to take up
something v phr ˈduː ˌsʌmθɪŋ jmd. inspirieren, etw. zu tun inciter qn. à faire qc. ispirare qcn. a fare qcs. feel confident and eager to do something the sport.
Arbinder simply couldn’t believe his eyes:
ˌnɒt bi ˌeɪbəl tə bɪˌliːv seinen Augen nicht trauen ne pas pouvoir en croire ses used to say that someone is very the whole tree was covered with
not be able to believe your eyes v phr jər ˈaɪz können yeux non credere ai propri occhi surprised by something they see butterflies!
to make you feel very surprised and Seeing her again completely blew my
blow your mind v phr ˌbləʊ jə ˈmaɪnd jmd. umhauen stupéfier, ébahir qn. sbalordire, sconvolgere excited by something mind.
ˌrɪəlaɪz wɒt ə ˈfuːl jəv avvedersi di quanto si era to suddenly understand that you have Luisa realised what a fool she had been to
realise what a fool you’ve been v phr ˌbiːn merken, wie dumm man war réaliser quel idiot on était stupidi done something very stupid think that Miguel would stay.
Lesson 1C
not afraid of taking risks or trying new
adventurous adj ədˈventʃərəs abenteuerlustig, waghalsig aventureux avventuroso things Andy isn’t a very adventurous cook.
not paying enough attention to what you
are doing, so that you make mistakes, It was careless of him to leave the door
careless adj ˈkeələs unachtsam négligent negligente damage things, etc. unlocked.
cautious adj ˈkɔːʃəs vorsichtig prudent prudente careful to avoid danger or risks Nicola is a cautious driver.
sure that you have the ability to do things He began to read in a calm, confident
confident adj ˈkɒnfɪdənt selbstbewusst assuré, confiant confidente well or deal with situations successfully voice.
worried or frightened about something, Paul always gets nervous whenever he
nervous adj ˈnɜːvəs nervös nerveux nervoso and unable to relax has to give a presentation.
achieving your aims in a way that is Ella takes a very organised approach to
organised adj ˈɔːɡənaɪzd organisiert organisé organizzato effective, ordered and sensible preparing for exams.
The role of team leader would suit an
someone who is outgoing likes to meet energetic person with an outgoing
outgoing adj ˌaʊtˈɡəʊɪŋ aufgeschlossen extraverti socievole and talk to new people personality.
unwilling to express your emotions or talk Matt has always been less reserved with
reserved adj rɪˈzɜːvd zurückhaltend réservé riservato about your problems his friends than he is with his family.
feeling that you do not trust someone or
suspicious adj səˈspɪʃəs misstrauisch méfiant sospettoso something She was always suspicious of strangers.

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 Wordlist ROADMAP B1
willing to believe that other people are They were too trusting. They should never
trusting adj ˈtrʌstɪŋ gutgläubig qui fait confiance fiducioso good and honest have left him in the house on his own.
Lesson 1C VB
A brilliant young musician won the
brilliant adj ˈbrɪljənt brillant brillant brillante extremely clever or skilful competition.
thinking about what other people need or The school aims to provide a caring
caring adj ˈkeərɪŋ fürsorglich bienveillant attento, premuroso want and trying to help them environment.
happy, or behaving in a way that shows She’s feeling more cheerful now that she’s
cheerful adj ˈtʃɪəfəl fröhlich gai allegro, di buon umore you are happy found a new job.
The animals are well cared for and look
content adj kənˈtent zufrieden content contento happy and satisfied content.
It was decent of you to stay afterwards to
decent adj ˈdiːsənt anständig décent gentile, corretto treating people in a fair and kind way help clear up.
not honest, and so deceiving or cheating People are no longer surprised to find that
dishonest adj dɪsˈɒnɪst unehrlich malhonnête disonesto people politicians are dishonest.
someone who is disorganised is very bad Toby is so disorganised. He hasn’t even
disorganised adj dɪsˈɔːɡənaɪzd unordentlich, unorganisiert mal organisé disorganizzato at arranging or planning things packed yet.
if someone or something is efficient, they
work well without wasting time, money or Our efficient secretary keeps the school
efficient adj ɪˈfɪʃənt effizient efficace efficiente energy running smoothly.
a foolish person behaves in a silly way or I was young and foolish at the time. I
foolish adj ˈfuːlɪʃ dumm bête pazzo looks silly should have refused to get involved.
an intellectual person is well-educated
and interested in serious ideas and She’s a funny comedian and her humour
intellectual adj ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl intellektuell intellectuel intellettuale subjects such as science, literature, etc. is also quite intellectual.

extremely unhappy, for example because

miserable adj ˈmɪzərəbəl unglücklich misérable miserabile you feel lonely, cold or badly treated I’ve been so miserable since Pat left me.
believing that good things will happen in I’m optimistic about our chances of
optimistic adj ˌɒptəˈmɪstɪk optimistisch optiimiste ottimista the future winning.
achieving your aims in a way that is You need to be more organised and stop
organised adj ˈɔːɡənaɪzd organisiert organisé organizzato effective, ordered and sensible arriving late at work.
expecting that bad things will happen, or He remains deeply pessimistic about the
pessimistic adj ˌpesəˈmɪstɪk pessimistisch pessimiste pessimista that someone will be unsuccessful peace process.
if you are positive about things, you are
hopeful and confident, and think about
what is good in a situation rather than He’s very ill, but we are trying to stay
positive adj ˈpɒzətɪv positiv positif positivo what is bad positive.
They didn’t think that running a restaurant
someone who is respectable behaves in a was a respectable occupation for a
respectable adj rɪˈspektəbəl respektabel respectable rispettabile way that is considered socially acceptable woman.
always thinking of the things you can do to It was really thoughtful of you to remember
thoughtful adj ˈθɔːtfəl aufmerksam, rücksichtsvoll prévenant, attentionné premuroso make people happy or comfortable my birthday.

not thinking about the needs and feelings

of other people, especially because you It was thoughtless of her not to tell you
thoughtless adj ˈθɔːtləs unachtsam, rücksichtslos irréfléchi spensierato are thinking about what you want where she was going.
Lesson 1C VB

to give someone more confidence or

encourage someone to do ɪnˌkʌrɪdʒ ˌsʌmwʌn tə desire to do something, or to make Language students are strongly
something v phr ˈduː ˌsʌmθɪŋ jmd. ermutigen, etw. zu tun encourager qn. à faire qc. incoraggiare qcn. a fare qcs. something easier or more desirable to do encouraged to study abroad for one year.

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 Wordlist ROADMAP B1
to record or study the behaviour or
development of someone or something The progress of each student is tracked
track v træk aufzeichnen suivre registrare over time by computer.

promote v prəˈməʊt fördern promouvoir promuovere to help something to develop or increase Fertiliser promotes leaf growth.
to give something to someone or make it
available to them, because they need it or
provide v prəˈvaɪd bereitstellen fournir fornire want it Tea and biscuits will be provided.
to make available something you can
offer an alternative to ˌɒfər ən ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv tə choose to do or use instead of something Geothermal energy offers a safe and
something v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ eine Alternative für etw. bieten être une alternative à qc. offrire un’alternativa a qcs. else effective alternative to nuclear power.
to provide the correct conditions,
make it possible to do ˌmeɪk ɪt ˌpɒsəbəl tə resources, etc. for something to be done Medical advances have made it possible
something v phr ˈduː ˌsʌmθɪŋ es möglich machen, etw. zu tun permettre de faire qc. rendere possibile di fare qcs. or achieved to keep more patients alive.
to tell someone about something bad or
warn someone about ˈwɔːn ˌsʌmwʌn əbaʊt dangerous that might happen, so that they We were warned about possible delays on
something v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ jmd. vor etw. warmen avertir qn. de qc. mettere in guardia qcn. per qcs. can avoid it or prevent it the motorway, so we took another route.
to persuade someone not to do The hotel staff discouraged us from
discourage someone from dɪsˌkʌrɪdʒ ˌsʌmwʌn something, especially by making it seem visiting the city centre because of the
doinɡ something v phr frəm ˈduːɪŋ ˌsʌmθɪŋ jmd. abraten, etw. zu tun décourager qn. de faire qc. scoraggiare qcn. da fare qcs. difficult or bad protest march.
Lesson 2
Lesson 2A
to be so excited, angry, interested, etc.
that you are no longer really in control of
what you do or say, or you forget It’s easy to get carried away when you can
get carried away v phr ɡet ˌkærid əˈweɪ nicht mehr zu bremsen sein s'emballer lasciarsi trascinare everything else do so much with the graphics software.
Can I have your phone number in case I
get in touch v phr ˌɡet ɪn ˈtʌtʃ Kontakt aufnehmen contacter contattare to start talkinɡ or writinɡ to someone need to get in touch with you?

get it v phr ˈɡet ɪt verstehen comprendre capire to understand something I don’t get it – it doesn’t make sense.
ˌɡet ɒn ˌsʌmwʌnz if someone gets on your nerves, they She’s always moaning. It really gets on my
get on someone’s nerves v phr ˈnɜːvz jmd. auf die Nerven gehen taper sur les nerfs de qn. andare sui nervi a qcn. annoy you, especially by doing something nerves.
to make someone notice you, especially
ˌɡet ˌsʌmwʌnz jmd. auf sich aufmerksam because you want to speak to them or you The teacher clapped her hands to get the
get someone’s attention v phr əˈtenʃən machen attirer l'attention de qn. richiamare l’attenzione di qcn. need their help students’ attention.
to have a period of time when you are not
doing anything tiring and you can relax or You’d better get some rest if you’re driving
get some rest v phr ˌɡet səm ˈrest sich etw. ausruhen se reposer un peu riposarsi un po’ sleep back tonight.
to talk about the most important thing We don’t have much time, so I’ll get
get straight to the point v phr ɡet ˌstreɪt tə ðə ˈpɔɪnt direkt zur Sache kommen en venir au fait/aller droit au but andare dritti al punto immediately straight to the point.

das Gefühl bekommen, (dass avoir le sentiment/l'impression to think that something is probably true or Leslie suddenly got the feeling that
get the feeling (that …) v phr ˌɡet ðə ˈfiːlɪŋ ðət …) (que …) avere la sensazione (che …) will probably happen somebody was watching her.
die Gelegenheit haben, etw. zu She gets to travel all over the place with
get to do something v phr ˌɡet tə ˈduː ˌsʌmθɪŋ tun avoir la chance de faire qc. avere occasione di fare qcs. to have the opportunity to do something her job.
My aunt and uncle got together at
get together phr v ˌɡet təˈɡeðə zusammenkommen se trouver mettersi insieme to start a romantic or sexual relationship university.
Lesson 2A VB
to look directly at someone when you are
speaking to them, especially to show that
you are not afraid of them or that you are Owen didn’t dare look his father in the
look someone in the eye v phr ˌlʊk ˌsʌmwʌn ɪn ði ˈaɪ jmd. in die Augen schauen regarder qn. dans les yeux guardare qcn. negli occhi telling the truth eye.
used to say that you had not thought
ˌnaʊ jʊ ˌkʌm tə jetzt, wo du es sagst/Sie es maintenant que tu le dis/vous le about something until the speaker Now you come to mention it, I haven’t
now you come to mention it v phr ˈmenʃən ɪt sagen dites ora che lo dici/ lo dice mentioned it seen her around lately.

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 Wordlist ROADMAP B1
if a person goes to pieces, they are so
upset or nervous that they cannot live,
go to pieces v phr ˌɡəʊ tə ˈpiːsɪz zusammenbrechen s'effondrer andare in pezzi work or perform as they should He just went to pieces after his wife died.
Some people thought he had gone too far
go too far v phr ˌɡəʊ tuː ˈfɑː zu weit gehen aller trop loin andare troppo oltre to do something too extreme in his criticism of the police.
seinem Alter entsprechend The singer is 46, but she doesn’t look her
look your age v phr ˌlʊk jər ˈeɪdʒ aussehen faire son âge dimostrare la propria età to look as old as you really are age at all.
to keep starting and stopping a job, New office assitants come and go every
come and go v phr ˌkʌm ən ˈɡəʊ kommen und gehen arriver et repartir andare e venire activity, etc. week around here, it seems.
I’ll come to the point and tell you why
come to the point v phr ˌkʌm tə ðə ˈpɔɪnt zum Punkt kommen venir au fait arrivare al punto to talk about the most important thing we’re here.
used to say that something is so clearly The internet too, it goes without saying, is
go without saying v phr ˌɡəʊ wɪðaʊt ˈseɪ-ɪŋ sich von selbst verstehen aller sans dire andare da sé true that it does not need to be said a good source of information.
to see the good points in a situation that Come on, try to look on the bright side.
look on the bright side v phr ˌlʊk ɒn ðə ˈbraɪt saɪd das Positive sehen voir le bon côté (des choses) guardare il lato positivo seems to be bad You’ll soon find another job.
to try very hard or to do whatever is
große Anstrengungen se donner beaucoup de necessary to achieve something that is He went to great lengths to keep their
go to great lengths v phr ˌɡəʊ tə ˌɡreɪt ˈleŋθs unternehmen mal/peine fare di tutto important to you name out of the papers.
Lesson 2B
to try to deal with a situation that causes There is more than one way to tackle the
tackle the problem v phr ˌtækəl ðə ˈprɒbləm das Problem in Angriff nehmen s'attaquer au problème affrontare il problema difficulties traffic problem.

to provide more money for a particular The government has promised to increase
increase funding v phr ɪnˌkriːs ˈfʌndɪŋ die finanziellen Mittel erhöhen augmenter les fonds aumentare i fondi purpose funding for the care of elderly people.
ˌkæri aʊt rɪˈsɜːtʃ, to discover new facts or test new ideas The research was carried out by a team of
carry out research v phr ˈriːsɜːtʃ Forschungen durchführen faire/effectuer des recherches svolgere ricerca through serious study of a subject scientists at Edinburgh University.
The company has banned the use of
ban the use of v phr ˌbæn ðə ˈjuːs əv den Gebrauch von … verbieten interdire l'utilisation de vietare l’uso di to say that (something) must not be used plastic straws in its restaurants.
to do something, especially in order to
achieve a particular thing or deal with a The government must take action now to
take action v phr ˌteɪk ˈækʃən handeln agir agire problem stop the rise in violent crime.
to work harder (to achieve a particular Large supermarkets need to do more to
do more v phr ˌduː ˈmɔː mehr tun faire plus fare di più thing) encourage recycling.
to tell someone that something dangerous
ˌwɔːn əbaʊt ðə mettere in guardia contro i may happen, so that they can avoid it or We were warned about the dangers of
warn about the dangers v phr ˈdeɪndʒəz vor den Gefahren warnen avertir du danger pericoli prevent it global warming.
to become more strict in dealing with (a
problem) and punishing (the people The government is determined to crack
crack down on v phr ˌkræk ˈdaʊn ɒn hart durchgreifen gegen réprimer reprimere involved) down on terrorism.
If your first choice of accommodation is not
to enable someone to choose to do or use available, we always have alternatives to
offer alternatives v phr ˌɒfər ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪvz Alternativen anbieten proposer des alternatives offrire alternative other things offer.
einem Gesetz Geltung Governments make laws and the police
enforce a law v phr ɪnˌfɔːs ə ˈlɔː verschaffen faire appliquer une loi imporre una legge to make people obey a law enforce them.
Lesson 2B VB
a place which has particular difficulties The car park near the station is the main
problem area n phr ˈprɒbləm ˌeəriə Problemzone zone/endroit problématique zona problematica which need to be solved problem area for vandalism.
ə/ðə ˌprɒbləm un/le problème
a/the problem əˈpɪəz/ɪɡˈzɪsts/əˈraɪz ein/das Problem tritt apparaît/existe/survient/réside un/il problema used to describe when a situation that Problems may arise when the family
appears/exists/arises/lies in v phr əz/ˈlaɪz ɪn auf/besteht/entsteht/liegt in dans appare/esiste/nasce/consiste in causes difficulties happens wants to move house.
ˌkɔːz/ˌpəʊz ə/ðə ein/das Problem A shortage of trained nurses is posing
cause/pose a/the problem v phr ˈprɒbləm verursachen/darstellen causer/poser un/le problème causare/porre un/il problema to create a situation that causes difficulties major problems.
ˌsɒlv/rɪˌzɒlv ə/ðə to find a solution for a situation that He solved his financial problems by
solve/resolve a/the problem v phr ˈprɒbləm ein/das Problem lösen résoudre un/le problème risolvere un/il problema causes difficulties selling his car.

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overcome a/the problem
tackle a/the problem
Wordlist ROADMAP B1
əʊvəˌkʌm ə/ðə to deal successfully with a situation that We try to help families overcome housing
v phr ˈprɒbləm ein/das Problem bewältigen surmonter un/le problème superare un/il problema causes difficulties problems.
ein/das Problem in Angriff to try to deal with a situation that causes What is the hospital doing to tackle the
v phr ˌtækəl ə/ðə ˈprɒbləm nehmen s'attaquer à un/au problème affrontare un/il problema difficulties problem of parking?

problem child
problem family
the heart of the problem
the root of the problem
the start of the problem
Lesson 2C
enfant problématique/à a child whose behaviour causes problems Alok used to be their problem child but
n phr ˌprɒbləm ˈtʃaɪld Problemkind problèmes bambino difficile for other people now he’s settled down and has a good job.
The problem family next door are very
famille problématique/à a family whose behaviour causes noisy at night and throw rubbish into our
n phr ˌprɒbləm ˈfæməli problematische Familie problèmes famiglia difficile problems for other people garden.
We need to identify the heart of the
ðə ˌhɑːt əv ðə the most important cause or part of a problem if we are going to succeed in
n phr ˈprɒbləm der Kern des Problems le cœur du problème il cuore del problema problem solving it.
ðə ˌruːt əv ðə the most important cause or part of a
n phr ˈprɒbləm die Wurzel des Problems la racine du problème la radice del problema problem Poverty is the root of the problem.
ðə ˌstɑːt əv ðə the event or situation which caused a The start of the problem was when Dan
v phr ˈprɒbləm der Anfang des Problems le début du problème l’inizio del problema problem to begin lost his job.

when it takes longer than expected to We demanded a refund because of the

slow delivery n phr ˌsləʊ dɪˈlɪvəri langsame Lieferung livraison lente/tardive consegna in ritardo bring things to a particular person or place slow delivery of our order.
something manufactured which is not Any faulty product should be replaced free
faulty product n phr ˌfɔːlti ˈprɒdʌkt defektes Produkt produit défectueux prodotto difettoso working properly or not made correctly of charge.

if a promise is broken, someone has

broken promise
poor customer service
lack of communication
rude staff
aggressive salespeople
nicht eingehaltenes stated that they will definitely do or provide There have been too many broken
n phr ˌbrəʊkən ˈprɒmɪs Versprechen promesse non tenue promessa non mantenuta something but has failed to do this promises from the current government.
when customers are not looked after We didn’t leave a tip because the
n phr ˌpɔː ˌkʌstəmə ˈsɜːvɪs schlechter Kundendienst mauvais service clients cattiva assistenza clienti properly customer service was so poor.
a failure in the process by which people
ˌlæk əv exchange information or express their Disagreements are often due to a lack of
n phr kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən mangelhafte Kommunikation manque de communication mancanza di comunicazione thoughts and feelings communication.
We won’t go back to that restaurant. The
people who work for an organisation and food was overpriced and they employ rude
n phr ˌruːd ˈstɑːf unfreundliches Personal personnel impoli personale scortese are not polite staff.
people who are very determined to sell Sometimes aggressive salespeople only
n phr əˌɡresɪv ˈseɪlzˌpiːpəl aggressives Verkaufspersonal vendeur/-euse agressif/-ve venditore aggressivo you things succeed in putting the customer off.

a serious disagreement about how much For weeks we’ve been having a billing
ˈbɪlɪŋ dɪˌspjuːt, contestation de facturation/litige you have to pay for services you have dispute with the company who supplied
billing dispute n phr ˌdɪspjuːt Streit wegen einer Rechnung en matière de facturation disaccordo sulla fattura received, work that has been done, etc. our washing machine.
someone who telephones or visits
démarcheur/-euse venditore con chiamate a someone they have never met before and We have a notice by the front door saying
cold caller n phr ˌkəʊld ˈkɔːlə telefonische/r Kaltacquisiteur/in téléphonique freddo tries to sell them something that we don’t buy from cold callers.
using incorrect information to tell the The washing powder didn’t remove any
public about a product or service in order stains so we reported the manufacturer for
false advertising n phr ˌfɔːls ˈædvətaɪzɪŋ irreführende Werbung publicité trompeuse pubblicità ingannevole to try to persuade them to buy it false advertising.
Lesson 3
Lesson 3A
have a good memory for hæv ə ˌɡʊd ˈmeməri ein gutes Gedächtnis für etw. avere una buona memoria per to have the ability to easily remember
something v phr fə ˌsʌmθɪŋ haben avoir la mémoire de qc. qcs. things, places, experiences, etc. Jen has a good memory for dates.
hæv ˌnəʊ ˈmeməri əv sich an etw. nicht erinnern
have no memory of something v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ können avoir aucun souvenir de qc. non avere memoria di qcs. to not remember an experience or event She had no memory of the accident.
to remember (a particular fact, event or I seem to recall I’ve met him before
recall v rɪˈkɔːl sich erinnern se souvenir ricordare situation from the past) somewhere.

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to learn (words, music, etc.) so that you I’ve memorised the capitals of all the
memorise v ˈmeməraɪz sich merken mémoriser memorizzare know them perfectly countries in Africa.

used to say that you will always remember

(something from the past) because it was I’ll never forget the look on his face when
I’ll never forget v phr aɪl ˌnevə fə’ɡet ich werde niemals vergessen je n'oublierai jamais non dimenticherò mai sad, funny, enjoyable, etc. he opened the door.

remind someone of something
memorable
bear in mind (that)
Lesson 3A VB
in living memory
slip someone’s mind
rɪˈmaɪnd ˌsʌmwʌn əv to make someone remember something The smell of lavender always reminds me
v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ jmd. an etw. erinnern rappeler qc. à qn. ricordare qcs. a qcn. that happened in the past of holidays at my grandparents’ house.
very good, enjoyable or unusual, and We want to make this a truly memorable
adj ˈmemərəbəl denkwürdig mémorable memorabile worth remembering day for the children.
to remember a fact or piece of information
that is important or could be useful in the Bear in mind that the traffic is always
v phr ˌbeər ɪn ˈmaɪnd (ðət) daran denken, (dass) garder à l'esprit tenere a mente future worse on Friday evenings.
since the earliest time that people now These have been the worst floods in living
n phr ɪn ˌlɪvɪŋ ˈmeməri seit Menschengedenken en mémoire vivante a memoria d’uomo alive can remember memory.
ˌslɪp sʌmwʌnz I meant to buy some milk, but it completely
v phr ˈmaɪnd jmd. entfallen sortir de la tête de qn. sfuggire di mente a qcn. if something slips your mind, you forget it slipped my mind.

childhood memory
lose your train of thought
something that you remember from the Going to the farm brought back happy
n phr ˌtʃaɪldhʊd ˈmeməri Kindheitserinnerung mémoires d'enfance ricordo d’infanzia past about a person, place, or experience childhood memories.
to fail to remember a related series of
thoughts that were developing in your The phone rang and made me lose my
v phr ˌluːz jə ˌtreɪn əv ˈθɔːt den Faden verlieren perdre le fil de ses pensées perdere il filo dei pensieri mind train of thought.

have a bad memory for
something
serve as a reminder to
someone
bear in mind (that)
refresh your memory
Lesson 3B
hæv ə ˌbæd ˈmemərI ein schlechtes Gedächtnis für avere una cattiva memoria di to not have the ability to easily remember I can recognise a lot of music but I have a
v phr fə ˌsʌmθɪŋ etw. haben avoir mauvaise mémoire pour qcs. things, places, experiences, etc. bad memory for who wrote it.
ˌsɜːv əz ə rɪˈmaɪndə servire come promemoria a The photograph will serve as a lovely
v phr tə ˌsʌmwʌn für jmd. als Erinnerung dienen servir de rappel à qn. qcn. to help someone to remember something reminder of your visit.
to remember a fact or piece of information
that is important or could be useful in the Bear in mind that some children will need
v phr ˌbeər ɪn ˈmaɪnd (ðət) berücksichtigen, (dass) garder à l'esprit (que) tenere a mente future help.
I looked at the map to refresh my memory
v phr rɪˌfreʃ jə ˈmeməri sein Gedächtnis auffrischen se rafraîchir la mémoire rinfrescare la memoria to make yourself remember something of the route.

having a strong desire to do something My mother was a very determined woman

and not letting anyone or anything stop and she wasn’t going to let her illness
determined adj dɪˈtɜːmɪnd entschlossen déterminé determinato you from doing it prevent her from attending the wedding.
serious and quiet because you are There was a thoughtful pause before the
thoughtful adj ˈθɔːtfəl nachdenklich pensif pensieroso thinking a lot conversation started up again.
determined or trying very hard to be more
successful than other people or Advertising is an intensely competitive
competitive adj kəmˈpetətɪv wettbewerbsorientiert concurrentiel competitivo businesses business.
determined not to change your mind, even
when people think you are being Dave can be really stubborn once he’s
stubborn adj ˈstʌbən dickköpfig têtu testardo unreasonable made up his mind.
behaving in an unpleasant or rude way
because you think you are more important Successful businesspeople often become
arrogant adj ˈærəɡənt arrogant arrogant arrogante than other people arrogant.
someone who is unpredictable tends to
change their behaviour or ideas suddenly,
so that you never know what they are The medication makes his moods and
unpredictable adj ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbəl unvorhersehbar imprévisible imprevedibile going to do or think behaviour unpredictable.

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Be reasonable – you can’t expect her to
reasonable adj ˈriːzənəbəl vernünftig raisonnable ragionevole fair and sensible do all the work on her own!

sure that you have the ability to do things I feel much more confident about myself
confident adj ˈkɒnfɪdənt selbstsicher confiant/sûr de soi fiducioso well or deal with situations successfully and my abilities these days.
physically or emotionally strong and able
tough adj tʌf zäh robuste tenace to deal with difficult situations You have to be tough to work on an oil rig.
Although she was inexperienced, the pilot
inexperienced adj ˌɪnɪkˈspɪəriənst unerfahren inexpérimenté inesperto not having had much experience managed to land the plane in a field.
not afraid of taking risks and making Deciding to emigrate is a bold decision for
bold adj bəʊld kühn audacieux coraggioso difficult decisions anyone to make.
unusual or surprising and therefore It’s a remarkable achievement for the
remarkable adj rɪˈmɑːkəbəl bemerkenswert remarquable notevole deserving attention or praise company.
Lesson 3B VB

determined to be successful, rich, Alfred was intensely ambitious, obsessed

ambitious adj æmˈbɪʃəs ehrgeizig ambitieux ambizioso powerful, etc. with the idea of becoming rich.
determined or trying very hard to be more
konkurrierend, im Wettbewerb successful than other people or Brothers and sisters are often very
competitive adj kəmˈpetətɪv stehend qui a l'esprit de compétition competitivo businesses competitive with each other.
involving the use of imagination to This job is so boring. I wish I could do
creative adj kriˈeɪtɪv kreativ créatif creativo produce new ideas or things something more creative.
He was curious about how she would
curious adj ˈkjʊəriəs neugierig curieux curioso wanting to know about something react.
having or needing a lot of energy or When she first started at the college she
energetic adj ˌenəˈdʒetɪk voller Energie énergique energico determination was energetic and full of new ideas.
feeling or showing a lot of interest and I wanted to go, but Helen seemed less
enthusiastic adj ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk begeistert enthousiaste entusiasta excitement about something enthusiastic.
someone who is generous is willing to
give money, spend time, etc., in order to She’s always very generous to her
generous adj ˈdʒenərəs großzügig généreux generoso help people or give them pleasure nephews and nieces.
always wanting more food, money, power, Those greedy cricket players have eaten
greedy adj ˈɡriːdi gierig avide, glouton goloso possessions, etc. than you need all the sandwiches already!
a historic building or place is important
because it is old; a historic event is very When the Berlin wall was knocked down,
important and will be recorded as part of it was a historic day for Germany, and for
historic adj hɪˈstɒrɪk historisch historique storico history the rest of the world.
Historical research has shown that people
have been living there for hundreds of
historical adj hɪˈstɒrɪkəl geschichtlich historique storico relating to history years.
good at thinking of new and interesting Ellis is very imaginative and makes up
imaginative adj ɪˈmædʒənətɪv fantasievoll imaginatif fantasioso ideas wonderful stories for the children.
good at or interested in playing or singing
musical adj ˈmjuːzɪkəl musikalisch musical musicale music She’s very musical and loves to sing.
relating to feelings of love or a loving After dinner, they took a romantic stroll by
romantic adj rəʊˈmæntɪk, rə- romantisch romantique romantico relationship the sea.
influenced by the most fashionable styles Karl and I went to a trendy restaurant and
trendy adj ˈtrendi im Trend, in Mode à la mode, branché di tendenza, alla moda and ideas then a nightclub.
He left as a poor, working class boy and
wealthy adj ˈwelθi wohlhabend riche/fortuné facoltoso having a lot of money, possessions, etc. returned as a wealthy man.
Lesson 3C
if two people don’t see eye to eye, they We don’t see eye to eye on business
not to see eye to eye v phr ˌnɒt siː ˌaɪ tʊ ˈaɪ nicht einer Meinung sein ne pas être d'accord non vederla allo stesso modo don’t agree with each other issues.
to disagree with (something or someone),
especially by saying that the opposite is Ed just can’t bear to be contradicted; he
contradict v ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkt widersprechen contredire contraddire true thinks he is always right!

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if you have an issue with someone or
hæv ən ˈɪʃuː wɪð something, you do not agree with or I have an issue with where they park their
have an issue with something v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ, ˈɪsjuː ein Problem haben mit avoir un problème avec qc. avere un problema con qcs. approve of them car.
if two people or groups clash, they argue
because they have very different beliefs Davidson clashed with a colleague over
clash with someone v phr ˈklæʃ wɪð ˌsʌmwʌn mit jmd. aneinandergeraten se disputer avec qn. litigare con qcn. and opinions the report’s conclusions.
if people gang up on someone, they join
together to attack, criticise or oppose Schoolchildren are often quick to gang up
them, especially in a way that seems on anyone who looks or behaves
gang up on phr v ˌɡæŋ ˈʌp ɒn sich gegen jmd. verbünden se liguer contre fare comunella contro qcn. unfair differently.
to become involved in an argument, fight
or other difficult situation in order to The police don’t usually like to intervene
intervene v ˌɪntəˈviːn einschreiten intervenir intervenire change what happens in disputes between husbands and wives.
to admit that you are wrong or that you
back down phr v ˌbæk ˈdaʊn einlenken, nachgeben céder cedere have lost an argument Both sides have refused to back down.
ˌpɪk ə ˈfaɪt wɪð mit jmd. einen Streit vom Zaun The guy in the nightclub tried to pick a
pick a fight with someone v phr ˌsʌmwʌn brechen chercher la bagarre avec qn. litigare, attaccare briga to deliberately start a fight with someone fight with Jack.
to achieve an agreement after everyone
involved accepts less than what they The manager found a temporary
find a compromise v phr ˌfaɪnd ə ˈkɒmprəmaɪz einen Kompromiss finden trouver un compromis trovare un compromesso wanted at first compromise.
This research explores some of the
ði ˌʌndəlaɪ-ɪŋ ˈɪʃuː, the cause, problem, etc. that is the most underlying issues related to high
the underlying issue n phr ˈɪsjuː das zugrundeliegende Problem problème sous-jacent motivo sottostante important, although it is not easily noticed unemployment.
Lesson 3D
tough adj tʌf zäh dur duro difficult to cut or eat The meat was tough and hard to chew.
raw adj rɔː roh cru crudo not cooked Cabbage can be eaten raw.
food that is spicy has a pleasantly strong
taste and gives you a pleasant burning I like spicy prawns, so you can add
spicy adj ˈspaɪsi würzig épicé gustoso feeling in your mouth another chilli if you want.
The soup tasted salty, so I added some
salty adj ˈsɔːlti salzig salé salato tasting of or containing salt lentils while it was still cooking.
food that is filling makes your stomach feel
filling adj ˈfɪlɪŋ sättigend rassasiant riempiente full Pasta and rice are both very filling.
The mashed potato is quite bland. It
bland adj blænd fade fade insipido food that is bland has very little taste needs some salt and pepper.
food that is crunchy is firm and makes a Celery and apple make the salad nice and
crunchy adj ˈkrʌntʃi knusprig croquant croccante noise when you bite it crunchy.
containing cream, or thick and smooth like
creamy adj ˈkriːmi cremig, sahnig crémeux cremoso cream The fish was served with a creamy sauce.
I’m not enjoying this pizza – it’s quite
greasy adj ˈɡriːsi fett gras unto covered in grease or oil greasy.
Lesson 4
Lesson 4A
cheap adj tʃiːp billig bon marché economico low in price and quality The furniture looked cheap and nasty.
Kate likes to wear chunky, brightly
chunky adj ˈtʃʌŋki klobig gros solido thick, solid and heavy coloured jewellery.
pretty or attractive, but not always There are two decorative lamps in the
decorative adj ˈdekərətɪv dekorativ décoratif decorativo necessary or useful hallway.
made by a well-known and fashionable Liz bought a designer bag to match her
designer adj dɪˈzaɪnə Designer/in styliste designer designer wedding outfit.
elegant adj ˈeləɡənt elegant élégant elegante beautiful, attractive or graceful You can dine in elegant surroundings.
something that is flimsy is not strong or
flimsy adj ˈflɪmzi dünn, schwach fragile, peu solide fragile, inconsistente well-made, and will break easily These garden chairs seem quite flimsy.
identical adj aɪˈdentɪkəl identisch identique identico exactly the same or very similar His laptop is identical to mine.

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shaped like a circle, but wider in one We sent my parents a wedding photo in
oval adj ˈəʊvəl oval oval ovale direction than the other an oval silver frame.
The burglars stole some jewellery,
priceless adj ˈpraɪsləs unschätzbar inestimable inestimabile extremely valuable including a priceless diamond ring.
having the shape of a rectangle (= a
shape that has four straight sides, two of If you don’t have any circular cake tins,
rectangular adj rekˈtæŋɡjələ rechteckig rectangulaire rettangolare which are usually longer than the other use a rectangular one instead.
shining brightly with points of flashing Charlotte wanted to wear her sparkly blue
sparkly adj ˈspɑːkli glänzend brillant luccicante, brillante light shoes on her first day at school.
vivid adj ˈvɪvɪd lebhaft vif vivido vivid colours or patterns are very bright Markus has vivid blue eyes.
pink adj pɪŋk pink rose rosa pale red Julia often wears bright pink lipstick.
Lesson 4A VB
made from cloth or thread made from the It was a hot day, so she put on a thin
cotton adj ˈkɒtn Baumwolle coton cotone white hair of the cotton plant cotton dress.
The dancers were wearing rather bizarre
bizarre adj bɪˈzɑː seltsam, bizarr bizarre bizzarro very unusual or strange costumes.
The bell is massive, weighing over 40
massive adj ˈmæsɪv mächtig, massiv massif massiccio very large, solid and heavy tons.
The meetings took place at a large circular
circular adj ˈsɜːkjələ rund circulaire, rond circolare shaped like a circle table.
not real or not made of natural things but
made to be like something that is real or I try to buy food that is free from artificial
artificial adj ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl künstlich artificiel artificiale natural colours.
The sun can easily damage a child’s
delicate adj ˈdelɪkət zart délicat delicato easily damaged or broken delicate skin.

stunning adj ˈstʌnɪŋ atemberaubend fantastique/superbe mozzafiato extremely attractive or beautiful You look absolutely stunning in that dress.
We don’t leave our wooden furniture in the
wooden adj ˈwʊdn Holz-, aus Holz en bois ligneo, di legno made of wood garden during the winter.
shaped like a circle, but wider in one My sister’s face is oval, but my brother’s is
oval adj ˈəʊvəl oval oval ovale direction than the other rounder.
using the most modern machines and The actor installed a £1 million high-tech
hi-tech adj ˌhaɪ ˈtek hi-tech hi-tech hi-tech methods in industry, business, etc. security system in his home.

exclusive places, organisations, clothes,

etc. are so expensive that not many I walked along Bond Street, past all the
exclusive adj ɪkˈskluːsɪv exklusiv de luxe/luxueux esclusivo people can afford to use or buy them exclusive shops.

having the shape of a rectangle (= a

shape that has four straight sides, two of
which are usually longer than the other Charlie opened the long rectangular box
rectangular adj rekˈtæŋɡjələ rechteckig rectangulaire rettangolare two, and four 90° angles at the corners) to find a telescope inside.
Lesson 4B
eine Ausbildung in … haben, avere un background in, avere to have family, education, previous work, We are looking for someone who has a
have a background in v phr hæv ə ˈbækɡraʊnd ɪn Kenntnisse in … haben avoir une bonne formation en una formazione in etc. in a particular field background in science.
to have a natural ability to do something
have a flair for v phr hæv ə ˈfleə fə ein Talent für etw. haben être doué pour avere una propensione per very well Jo has a flair for languages.
be willing to v phr bi ˈwɪlɪŋ tə bereit sein, zu être prêt à/vouloir essere intenzionati a to be prepared to do something How much are they willing to pay?
She was fluent in English, French and
be fluent in v phr bi ˈfluːənt ɪn fließend sprechen parler couramment essere fluenti in to be able to speak a language very well German.
mit etw. klarkommen, fertig to succeed in dealing with a difficult She feared she wouldn’t be able to cope
be able to cope with v phr bi ˌeɪbəl tə ˈkəʊp wɪð werden être capable de faire face à essere in grado di farcela problem or situation with two new babies.
He doesn’t seem to be too bothered about
ˌnɒt bi ˌtuː ˈbɒðəd to not be worried about or upset by the things that are written about him in the
not be too bothered about v phr əbaʊt sich nicht zu viel machen aus ne pas s'inquiéter de non essere preoccupati di qcs. something papers.

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have a passion for v phr hæv ə ˈpæʃən fə eine Leidenschaft für … haben être passionné pour avere una passione per to like something very much She had a passion for music.
to have the qualification that is given to
you when you have successfully
avere un diploma, avere una completed a course at a college or Applicants must have a degree in
have a degree v phr ˌhæv ə dɪˈɡriː einen Abschluss haben avoir un diplôme laurea university Engineering.
to have knowledge or skill that you gain
hæv ˌθriː jɪəz avoir une expérience de trois from having done a particular job or Andy has over five years’ diving
have three years’ experience v phr ɪkˈspɪəriəns drei Jahre Erfahrung haben ans avere un’esperienza triennale activity for the stated amount of time experience.
to have an ability to do something well,
avoir de très bonnes especially because you have learned and Having strong communication skills is
have strong skills v phr hæv ˌstrɒŋ ˈskɪlz etw. sehr gut beherrschen compétences avere abilità forti practised it crucial in nursing.
Lesson 4C
a type of computer file (graphics
interchange format) that contains images Rachel sent me a message about meeting
that seem to be moving and is used on the up later and attached an animated gif of a
animated gif n phr ˌænɪmeɪtɪd ˈɡɪf animiertes GIF image GIF animée GIF animato internet panda.
regarder de multiples épisodes Last Sunday we binge-watched the whole
einen Serienmarathon d'une série de télévision en to watch several episodes of (a TV series) series of that crime drama that was shown
binge-watch v ˈbɪndʒ ˌwɒtʃ absolvieren une seule fois farsi una maratona televisiva one after the other in the summer.
a contactless debit card or credit card is
one you can use to pay for things by
waving it over a machine, without using a Some buses will only accept contactless
contactless adj ˈkɒntæktləs kontaktlos sans contact senza contatto pin number payments.
to use the internet to seek assistance from
a large group of people who share tasks
fare crowd sourcing, such as sourcing material, raising money, The author crowd-sourced many of the old
crowd-source v ˈkraʊd sɔːs crowdsourcen production participative raccogliere dalla gente etc. photographs in his book about aviation.
an icon, often an image that looks like a
face showing a particular emotion, used in
electronic messages and on websites, I texted my son but the only reply I
emoji n ɪˈməʊdʒi Emoji emoji emoji, emoticon originally in Japan received was a dragon emoji!
to put (a word or words) into the Google™
search engine in order to search for I googled her name and found out she
google v ˈɡuːɡəl googeln rechercher sur Google cercare su Google information on the internet runs her own company.
a word in a Twitter message with # in front
of it, which indicates what the message is
about. People can search for hashtags in Thanks to the hashtag
order to find messages about a particular #findCarathelabrador, my mother’s dog
hashtag n ˈhæʃtæɡ Hashtag hashtag hashtag subject. was brought home three hours later.
a piece of video, a joke or something else Have you seen that meme of the President
meme n miːm Meme mème meme, meme di internet that spreads quickly on the internet being chased by a goat?

a feature of a website that means people

paywall, péage de lecture have to pay to see part or all of the Most of the magazine’s website content is
paywall n ˈpeɪwɔːl Bezahlschranke numérique paywall, barriera di pedaggio website, rather than seeing it for free hidden behind a paywall.
a photograph you take of yourself, usually
so that you can put it on a social The Eiffel Tower is a very popular place to
selfie n ˈselfi Selfie selfie selfie networking site take a selfie.
My grandma is surprisingly tech-savvy:
knowing a lot about modern technology she has her own blog and is always
tech-savvy adj ˈtek ˌsævi technisch versiert calé en technologie esperto di tecnologia and how to use it posting comments on social media.

someone who is time-poor does not have Working from home means I can be more
very much free time because they work all flexible, but the downside is that I always
time-poor adj ˈtaɪm ˌpɔː mit wenig Zeit manque de temps con poco tempo libero day and often work in the evenings too seem to be time-poor.

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to remove (someone) from your list of
unfriend v ʌnˈfrend jmd. entfreunden enlever qn. de sa liste d'amis togliere come amico friends on a social networking site I don’t know why he unfriended me.
a device which connects to the internet One of the best applications for virtual
and responds to spoken questions with assistants is to support people who are
virtual assistant n phr ˌvɜːtʃuəl əˈsɪstənt virtuelle/r Assistent/in assistant/e virtuel/le assistente virtuale audible replies, advice, etc.. blind.
a series of views on the internet or on a The website allows you to take a virtual
virtual tour n phr ˌvɜːtʃuəl ˈtʊə virtuelle Tour visite virtuelle giro virtuale computer, rather than in the real world tour of the art gallery.
Lesson 4C VB
a meal or party during which food is
cooked on a metal frame over a fire and We went fishing, then had a barbecue on
barbecue n ˈbɑːbɪkjuː Grillen barbecue grigliata eaten outdoors the beach.
a glass container with a wide neck, used There’s a carafe of water beside your bed,
carafe n kəˈræf, kəˈrɑːf Karaffe carafe caraffa for serving wine or water at meals in case you get thirsty in the night.
a sweet brown food that you can eat as a
sweet or use in cooking to give foods such Would you like a chocolate biscuit with
chocolate n ˈtʃɒklət Schokolade chocolat cioccolato as cakes a special sweet taste your coffee?
a Japanese sport or method of defence, in
which you try to throw your opponent onto One of the first lessons when you learn
judo n ˈdʒuːdəʊ Judo judo judo the ground judo is how to fall safely.
a small flying insect that sucks the blood
of people and animals, sometimes
mosquito n məˈskiːtəʊ Stechmücke moustique zanzara spreading the disease malaria Mosquitoes lay their eggs on water.
a large musical instrument that has a long
row of black and white keys. You play the
piano by sitting in front of it and pressing
piano n piˈænəʊ Klavier piano pianoforte the keys. We all sang while Mum played the piano.
shampoo n ʃæmˈpuː Shampoo shampooing shampoo a liquid soap for washing your hair Is this shampoo suitable for dry hair?
a thick liquid food that tastes slightly sour
and is made from milk, or an amount of I usually serve this curry with bread and
yoghurt n ˈjɒɡət Joghurt yaourt yogurt this food yoghurt.
Lesson 5
Lesson 5A
to have a particular amount of money to I don’t know how they manage to live on
live on somethinɡ phr v ˈlɪv ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ von etw. leben vivre de qc. vivere di qcs. buy food and other necessary things £55 a week.
für etw. aufgewendet werden, Over half of Tom’s monthly salary goes on
go on somethinɡ phr v ˈɡəʊ ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ draufgehen être englouti/absorbé par andarsene per qcs. to be spent in a particular way paying his mortgage.

to buy a lot of something in order to keep it We usually stock up on tinned food at this
stock up on somethinɡ phr v ˌstɒk ˈʌp ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ Vorräte von etw. anlegen s'approvisionner en qc. fare provviste di qcs. for when you need to use it later time of year in case there’s bad weather.
ˌsplæʃ ˈaʊt ɒn
splash out on somethinɡ phr v ˌsʌmθɪŋ viel Geld für etw. ausgeben faire la folie de s'offrir spendere molti soldi to spend a lot of money on something We splashed out on a new kitchen.
to get into a situation where you owe
money to one or more people or Eva got deeper into debt through
get into debt v phr ˌɡet ɪntə ˈdet sich verschulden s'endetter indebitarsi, incorrere in debiti organisations gambling.
to reduce the amount, size, cost, etc. of The government cannot cut back any
cut back on somethinɡ phr v ˌkʌt ˈbæk ɒn ˌsʌmθɪŋ etw. kappen, kürzen réduire/diminuer qc. fare tagli su qcs. something further on education spending.

take out phr v ˌteɪk ˈaʊt abheben retirer ritirare, prelevare to get (money) from your bank account I took out £50 to spend over the weekend.
We’re paying back the loan over 15
to give (someone) (the money that you years./I paid John back that £50 that I
pay back phr v ˌpeɪ ˈbæk zurückzahlen rembourser ripagare owe them) borrowed from him.
to keep (something, especially money, I try to set aside £100 a month for our
set aside phr v ˌset əˈsaɪd auf die Seite legen/sparen mettre de côté/économiser mettere da parte time or a particular area) for a special summer holiday.
Lesson 5B

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 Wordlist ROADMAP B1
to enter (a building or car) by using force, Someone broke into my car and stole the
break into phr v ˌbreɪk ˈɪntʊ einbrechen in cambrioler irrompere in in order to steal something radio.
to find (a criminal or enemy) and stop The police have launched a massive
catch v kætʃ fangen, fassen attraper acchiappare them from escaping operation to catch the murderer.
charge somebody with ˈtʃɑːdʒ ˌsʌmbədi wɪð to state officially that someone may be
something v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ jmd. einer Sache anklagen accuser qn. d'avoir fait qc. incolpare qcn. di qcs. guilty of a crime Gibbons has been charged with murder.
schuldig/nicht schuldig dichiarare colpevole/non to state in a court of law whether or not
plead guilty/not guilty v phr ˌpliːd ˈɡɪlti, ˌnɒt ˈɡɪlti plädieren plaider coupable/non coupable colpevole you are guilty of a crime Henderson pled guilty to burglary.
the act of stating by a court of law that
déclarer coupable/non someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime He was found not guilty of the death of PC
find guilty/not guilty v phr ˌfaɪnd ˈɡɪlti, ˌnɒt ˈɡɪlti schuldig sprechen/freisprechen coupable trovare colpevole/non colpevole or doing something wrong Jones.
to escape from the police who are trying to The Mafia boss managed to evade arrest
evade arrest v phr ɪˌveɪd əˈrest sich der Festnahme entziehen échapper à l'arrestation sfuggire all’arresto catch you for many years.
Taylor went on trial accused of killing his
go on trial v phr ˌɡəʊ ɒn ˈtraɪəl angeklagt werden être poursuivi essere processato to start to be judged in a court of law wife.
ˌliːv ðə ˌsiːn əv ðə den Ort des Verbrechens to depart from the place where a crime Do not allow anyone to leave the scene of
leave the scene of the crime v phr ˈkraɪm verlassen quitter la scène du crime lasciare la scena del crimine happened the crime.
to get all the necessary facts and I have not had time to fully research all the
research v rɪˈsɜːtʃ untersuchen enquêter ricercare information for (something) aspects of the case.
to think carefully about (something you
want to do) and decide how and when you He immediately began planning his
plan v plæn planen planifier pianificare will do it escape.
if a judge sentences someone who is
sentence someone to ˈsentəns ˌsʌmwʌn tə guilty of a crime to something, they give Mills was sentenced to three years in
something v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ jmd. zu etw. verurteilen condamner qn. à qc. condannare qcn. a qcs. them a punishment prison.
Lesson 5B VB
a formal request to a court or to someone
in authority asking for a decision to be The sentence was reduced to three years
appeal n əˈpiːl Einspruch, Berufung appel appello changed on appeal.
to make a formal request to a court or
someone in authority asking for a decision Both men intend to appeal against their
appeal v əˈpiːl Einspruch einlegen faire appel appellare to be changed convictions.
when the police take someone away and
guard them because they may have done The police made several arrests following
arrest n əˈrest Festnahme arrestation arresto something illegal the attack.
if the police arrest someone, the person is
taken to a police station because the
police think they have done something They arrested him for possessing an
arrest v əˈrest festnehmen arrêter arrestare illegal illegal weapon.
an official statement by the police that He was found guilty of all six charges
charge n tʃɑːdʒ Anklage accusation imputazione someone may be guilty of a crime against him.
to state officially that (someone) may be Maitland was arrested and charged with
charge v tʃɑːdʒ anklagen, beschuldigen accuser imputare guilty of a crime fraud.
someone who has been proved to be My sister gives art classes to convicts in
convict n ˈkɒnvɪkt Sträfling détenu/e prisonnier/-ière condannato/-a guilty of a crime and sent to prison the local prison.
to prove or officially announce that
someone is guilty of a crime after a trial in
convict v kənˈvɪkt verurteilen reconnaître coupable condannare a law court Stevens was convicted of shoplifting.
money that you have to pay as a She was ordered to pay £150 in parking
fine n faɪn Geldstrafe amende/contravention multa punishment fines, plus court costs.
condamner à une to make (someone) pay money as a
fine v faɪn eine Geldstrafe erhalten amende/contravention multare punishment She was fined for speeding.
the official in control of a court, who
decides how criminals should be A high court judge ordered that the men
judge n dʒʌdʒ Richter juge giudice punished should be released.

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 Wordlist ROADMAP B1
After two weeks in court, it was judged that
to decide whether someone is guilty of a Harding was guilty of accidental death, not
judge v dʒʌdʒ urteilen juger giudicare crime in court murder.
an official written statement giving you the Farmers must apply for permits to use the
permit n ˈpɜːmɪt Genehmigung autorisation permesso right to do something new chemicals.
to allow (something to happen or someone The bill would permit workers to have 12
to do something), especially by an official weeks of unpaid leave for family
permit v pəˈmɪt erlauben, genehmigen permettre/autoriser permettere decision, rule or law emergencies.
when someone is officially allowed to go Simon has obtained early release from
release n rəˈliːs Freilassung mise en liberté rilascio free, after being kept somewhere prison.
to let (someone) go free, after having kept Police arrested several men, who were
release v rəˈliːs freilassen relâcher rilasciare them somewhere later released.
a punishment that a judge gives to He faces a long prison sentence if he is
sentence n ˈsentəns Strafe peine sentenza someone who is guilty of a crime caught.
if a judge sentences someone who is
guilty of a crime, they give them a Her husband was sentenced to two years
sentence v ˈsentəns verurteilen condamner sentenziare punishment in prison for credit-card fraud.
someone who is thought to be guilty of a Police have issued a description of the
suspect n ˈsʌspekt Verdächtige/r suspect/e sospettato/-a crime murder suspect.
to think that (someone) is probably guilty Pilcher was suspected of giving away
suspect v səˈspekt verdächtigen soupçonner sospettare of a crime government secrets to the enemy.
someone who sees a crime or an accident A defence witness said that Carter was not
witness n ˈwɪtnəs Zeuge/-in témoin testimone and can describe what happened holding a gun when the shot was fired.
to see (something) happen, especially a Several residents claim to have witnessed
witness v ˈwɪtnəs bezeugen témoigner testimoniare crime or accident the attack.
Lesson 5C
something, especially money, that you
give to a person or an organisation in She made generous donations to various
donation n dəʊˈneɪʃən Spende donation donazione order to help them charities.
a continuing increase in prices, or the rate Too much government borrowing can lead
inflation n ɪnˈfleɪʃən Inflation inflation inflazione at which prices increase to inflation.
the money that is available to an
organisation or person, or a plan of how it Often the husband and wife contribute
budget n ˈbʌdʒɪt Budget, Ausgaben budget budget, denaro da spendere will be spent equally to the family budget.
something you buy, such as shares,
bonds or property, in order to make a We plan to buy some property as an
investment n ɪnˈvestmənt Investition investissement/placement investimento profit investment.
money paid to you by a bank or financial
institution when you keep money in an The more you save, the more interest
interest n ˈɪntrɪst Zinsen intérêts interessi account there you’ll earn.
all the money that you have saved, Buying a house had taken all their
savings n pl ˈseɪvɪŋz Ersparnisse économies risparmi especially in a bank savings.
a difficult time when there is less trade,
business activity, etc. in a country than Rural areas have been hardest hit by the
recession n rɪˈseʃən Rezession récession recessione usual recession.
the money that you earn from your work or
that you receive from investments, the She took on extra work to increase her
income n ˈɪŋkʌm, ˈɪn- Einkommen revenu introito government, etc. income.
something you buy cheaply or for less You can often pick up a bargain at an
bargain n ˈbɑːɡɪn Schnäppchen bonne affaire affare, occasione than its usual price auction.
an amount of money paid regularly by the
government or a company to someone
who does not work any more, for example
because they have reached the age when
people stop working or because they are She pays a quarter of her salary into a
pension n ˈpenʃən Pension, Rente retraite pensione ill pension plan.

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 Wordlist ROADMAP B1
Lesson 5C VB
the state of being able to be used, bought What is the availability of affordable
availability n əˌveɪləˈbɪləti Verfügbarkeit disponibilité disponibilità or found housing in the area?
The international banking system suffered
banking n ˈbæŋkɪŋ Banken-, Bank- banque, secteur bancaire servizi bancari the business of a bank a crisis in 2008.
the legal right of belonging to a particular
citizenship n ˈsɪtəzənʃɪp Staatsangehörigkeit citoyenneté, nationalité cittadinanza country I have applied for French citizenship.
someone who takes part in a
demonstration (= an event at which a
large group of people meet to protest or to The streets were filled with anti-war
demonstrator n ˈdemənstreɪtə Demonstrant/in manifestant/e dimostrante support something in public) demonstrators.
The new finance director is planning to
someone who controls or manages a review expenses claimed by all members
director n dəˈrektə, daɪ- Direktor gérant, directeur direttore company or a department of a company of staff.
51% of women return to paid employment
within five years of having a child./The
the condition of having a paid job, or the rate of full-time employment has fallen
employment n ɪmˈplɔɪmənt Beschäftigung, Anstellung emploi impiego number of people who have jobs since last year.

money that is provided by an organisation College directors have called for more
funding n ˈfʌndɪŋ Finanzierung, finanzielle Mittel fonds, financement fondi or government for a particular purpose government funding.
a continuing increase in prices, or the rate The government’s top priority is to get
inflation n ɪnˈfleɪʃən Inflation inflation inflazione at which prices increase inflation down to 2%.
the use of money to get a profit or to make
a business activity successful, or the The company is trying to attract
investment n ɪnˈvestmənt Investition investissement investimento money that is used investment from overseas.
Several major investors have recently
someone who gives money to a company, withdrawn support from the new stadium
investor n ɪnˈvestə Investor investisseur investitore business or bank in order to get a profit project.
the activity of controlling and organising
the work that a company or organisation
does; the people who are in charge of a
management n ˈmænɪdʒmənt Leitung, Management management, gestion gestione, direzione company or organisation The factory is under new management.
She’s gone into partnership with two local
partnership n ˈpɑːtnəʃɪp Partnerschaft partenariat partenariato, collaborazione the state of being a partner in business doctors.
control over something, especially by The fishing industry has always been
regulation n ˌreɡjəˈleɪʃən Regulierung disposition regolamentazione rules subject to close regulation.

The expedition is looking for sponsorship

sponsorship n ˈspɒnsəʃɪp Sponsoring, Unterstützung sponsoring sponsorizzazione financial support for an activity or event from one of the major banks.
the condition of being steady and not It could threaten the peace and stability of
stability n stəˈbɪləti Stabilität stabilité stabilità changing the region.
Under the current system of local taxation,
people pay tax according to the value of
taxation n tækˈseɪʃən Besteuerung imposition tassazione the system of charging taxes their home.
Lesson 5D
to write or say a piece of information that a He left a message saying he would
leave a message v phr ˌliːv ə ˈmesɪdʒ eine Nachricht hinterlassen laisser un message lasciare un messaggio person will receive later probably be a little late.
if something is left lying around, it has
ˌliːv sʌmθɪŋ ˌlaɪ-ɪŋ been left somewhere in an untidy way, If you leave your shoes lying around like
leave something lying around v phr əˈraʊnd etw. herumliegen lassen laisser trainer qc. lasciare qcs. in giro rather than being in its proper place that, you’ll trip over them.
to not take something with you when you
leave something at home v phr ˌliːv sʌmθɪŋ ət ˈhəʊm etw. zu Hause lassen laisser qc. à la maison lasciare qcs. a casa leave the place you live Oh no! I’ve left my wallet at home.
ˌliːv sʌmweər ɪn ə einen Ort unordentlich if a place is left in a mess, things there are You can wash the doɡ if you promise not
leave somewhere in a mess v phr ˈmes hinterlassen laisser qc. en désordre lasciare un luogo in disordine dirty or not neatly arranged to leave the bathroom in a mess.

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leave someone alone
leave something to someone
leave a mark
leave something on
Lesson 6
Lesson 6A
not be able to judge a book by
its cover
drive someone up the wall
be a pain
cost an arm and a leg
take someone’s breath away
be over the moon
be a piece of cake
be out of this world
Lesson 6A VB
break the ice
be on cloud nine
be down in the dumps
have a heart of gold
be a bit under the weather
get the wrong end of the stick
get on someone’s nerves
pay over the odds for
something
Lesson 6B
bond
build trust
conflict
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Wordlist ROADMAP B1
Just leave me alone and stop asking me
v phr ˌliːv sʌmwʌn əˈləʊn jmd. in Ruhe lassen laisser qn. tranquille lasciare stare qcn. to stop annoying or interrupting someone questions.
ˈliːv ˌsʌmθɪŋ tə to let someone else decide something or Leave it to me. I’ll make sure it gets
v phr ˌsʌmwʌn etw. jmd. überlassen laisser qc. à qn. lasciare qcs. a qcn. be responsible for something posted.
to make a mark on something in a way The wine had left a permanent mark on
v phr ˌliːv ə ˈmɑːk einen Fleck hinterlassen laisser des traces lasciare una macchia that spoils its appearance or damages it the tablecloth.
to let something remain in a particular
v phr ˌliːv sʌmθɪŋ ˈɒn etw. anlassen laisser qc. allumé lasciare acceso qc state, position or condition You’ve left your lights on.
ˌnɒt bi ˈeɪbəl tə used to say that you cannot form an The doctor looked angry but turned out to
ˌdʒʌdʒ ə ˌbʊk baɪ ɪts jmd./etw. nicht nach dem opinion based only on the way something be really kind, so you can’t judge a book
idiom ˈkʌvə Äußeren beurteilen können ne pas se fier aux apparences le apparenze ingannano or someone looks by its cover.
ˌdraɪv sʌmwʌn ˌʌp ðə
idiom ˈwɔːl jmd. verrückt machen rendre qn. fou dare sui nervi a qcn. to make someone very angry or annoyed That noise is driving me up the wall.
être enquiquinant/casse- It’s such a pain, having to go upstairs to
idiom bi ə ˈpeɪn nervig sein pieds/la galère essere una piaga to be very annoying make the coffee every time.
ˌkɒst ən ˌɑːm ən ə A skiing holiday needn’t cost you an arm
idiom ˈleɡ ein Vermögen kosten coûter un bras costare un occhio della testa to have a price that is much too high and a leg.
ˌteɪk sʌmwʌnz ˈbreθ The view from the top will take your breath
idiom əweɪ atemberaubend sein couper le souffle à qn. togliere il fiato a qcn. to be extremely beautiful or exciting away.
idiom bi ˌəʊvə ðə ˈmuːn überglücklich sein être sur un petit nuage essere al settimo cielo to be very happy She’s over the moon about her new job.
‘How do you do that?’ ‘It’s a piece of cake!
idiom bi ə ˌpiːs əv ˈkeɪk ein Kinderspiel sein être un jeu d‘enfant essere una pacchia to be very easy Watch!’
The graphics and sound effects are out of
idiom bi ˌaʊt əv ðɪs ˈwɜːld himmlisch, fantastisch sein être fantastique non essere di questo mondo to be extremely good, enjoyable, etc. this world.
to make people feel more friendly and Sam’s arrival broke the ice and people
idiom ˌbreɪk ði ˈaɪs das Eis brechen briser la glace rompere il ghiaccio willing to talk to each other began to talk and laugh.
Harry has been on cloud nine ever since
idiom bi ɒn ˌklaʊd ˈnaɪn im siebten Himmel sein être au comble du bonheur fluttuare tra le nuvole to be very happy about something he passed his driving test.
bi ˌdaʊn ɪn ðə to be very sad and without much interest She’s feeling a bit down in the dumps. I
idiom ˈdʌmps deprimiert sein être déprimé essere giù di morale in life think she misses her old friends.
She was rather brisk in manner but had a
idiom hæv əˌhɑːt əv ˈɡəʊld ein Herz aus Gold haben avoir le cœur sur la main avere un cuore d’oro to have a very kind character heart of gold.
bi ə ˌbɪt ˌʌndə ðə Carol had a cold last week and she still
idiom ˈweðə angeschlagen sein ne pas être dans son assiette essere indisposto to be slightly ill looks a bit under the weather.
ɡet ðə ˌrɒŋ ˌend əv to understand a situation in completely the People who think the song is about drugs
idiom ðə ˈstɪk etw. völlig verkehrt auffassen mal comprendre qc. prendere fischi per fiaschi wrong way have got the wrong end of the stick.
if someone gets on your nerves, they
ˌɡet ɒn ˌsʌmwʌnz annoy you, especially by doing something My niece asks questions all the time. She
idiom ˈnɜːvz jmd. auf die Nerven gehen taper sur les nerfs de qn. andare sui nervi a qcn. all the time really gets on my nerves.
ˌpeɪ əʊvə ði ˈɒdz fə to pay a higher price for something than is Most residents live in tiny apartments and
idiom ˌsʌmθɪŋ zu viel hinblättern für etw. payer un prix excessif pagare più del dovuto usual or reasonable pay over the odds for them too.
something that unites two or more people
or groups, such as love or a shared There was a special bond between him
n bɒnd Bindung lien legame interest or idea and his mother.
to gradually form a firm belief that a A good teacher builds trust by giving
v phr ˌbɪld ˈtrʌst Vertrauen aufbauen instaurer la confiance costruire fiducia person or organisation is honest and good pupils support and encouragement.
a state of disagreement or argument Sometimes very small disagreements can
n ˈkɒnflɪkt Konflikt conflit conflitto between people, groups, countries, etc. cause conflict within a family.
 Wordlist ROADMAP B1
to express your disapproval of (someone The head coach publicly criticised the
criticise v ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz kritisieren critiquer criticare or something), or to talk about their faults referee’s decision.
to say that you admire and approve of
(someone or something), especially
praise v preɪz loben louer, faire l'éloge de elogiare publicly The report praises staff in both schools.
to work with someone else to achieve Lions cooperate with each other when
cooperate v kəʊˈɒpəreɪt kooperieren coopérer collaborare something that you both want hunting game.
That’s the third time this week that my
daughter has fallen out with her best
fall out phr v ˌfɔːl ˈaʊt sich zerstreiten mit se brouiller litigare to have a quarrel friend.
to stop (someone) from continuing what
they are saying or doing by suddenly Sorry to interrupt, but I need to ask you to
interrupt v ˌɪntəˈrʌpt unterbrechen interrompre interrompere speaking to them, making a noise, etc. come downstairs.
to remain relaxed and quiet, not angry, I tried to stay calm and ignore their
stay calm v phr ˌsteɪ ˈkɑːm ruhig bleiben garder son calme restare calmo nervous or upset comments.
the feeling that exists when people or
countries do not trust each other and may
suddenly attack each other or start The heightened political tension could
tension n ˈtenʃən Spannung tension tensione arguing easily spill over into violence.
Lesson 6B VB
to ask for something in an anxious or
urgent way, because you want it very I begged Helen to stay, but she wouldn’t
beg v beɡ bitten, betteln supplier pregare, chiedere much listen.
to state that (something) is true, even She tried to claim that she had never seen
claim v kleɪm behaupten prétendre sostenere though it has not been proved him before in her life.
to tell (someone) that you are happy
because they have achieved something or
because something nice has happened to She congratulated me warmly on my
congratulate v kənˈɡrætjəleɪt gratulieren féliciter congratularsi them exam results.
to say no politely when someone invites
you somewhere, offers you something or Mary declined a hot drink and went to her
decline v dɪˈklaɪn ablehnen refuser declinare wants you to do something room.
to tell (someone) that they are not allowed
to do something or that something is not The jury are forbidden from discussing the
forbid v fəˈbɪd verbieten interdire proibire allowed case outside the court.
We cannot guarantee the accuracy of this
guarantee v ˌɡærənˈtiː garantieren garantir garantire to promise that something will happen information.
to give an acceptable explanation for
(something that other people think, or may How can we justify spending so much
justify v ˈdʒʌstɪfaɪ rechtfertigen justifier giustificare think, is unreasonable) money on a sports event?
to suggest (something) as a plan or The report also proposes expanding the
propose v prəˈpəʊz vorschlagen proposer suggerire course of action airport.
to ask for (something) in a polite or formal Passengers are requested not to throw
request v rɪˈkwest bitten, auffordern prier richiedere way things out of the window.
to strongly suggest (that someone does I got a note from Moira urging me to get in
urge v ɜːdʒ drängen insister esortare something) touch.
Lesson 6C

to say that you believe (someone) is guilty

accuse v əˈkjuːz beschuldigen accuser accusare of a crime or of doing something bad Smith accused her of lying.
I’ve been trying to convince Jean to come
convince v kənˈvɪns überreden, überzeugen convaincre convincere to persuade (someone) to do something with me.
to say yes to an idea, plan, suggestion, I suggested we go somewhere for the
agree v əˈɡriː zustimmen être d'accord concordare, essere d’accordo etc. weekend and she agreed at once.

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to tell someone that you are sorry that you
apologise v əˈpɒlədʒaɪz sich entschuldigen s'excuser scusare have done something wrong He apologised for being late.
to make (someone) remember something
remind v rɪˈmaɪnd jmd. erinnern rappeler ricordare that they must do Remind me to buy some milk tonight.
to tell (someone) what you think they
should do, especially when you know You are strongly advised to take out
advise v ədˈvaɪz raten, empfehlen conseiller consigliare more than they do about something medical insurance when visiting China.

to say firmly that you will not do something

refuse v rɪˈfjuːz sich weigern refuser rifiutare that someone has asked you to do Musa refused to go back into hospital.

to say that you will cause someone harm Then he became angry and threatened
threaten v ˈθretn drohen menacer minacciare or trouble if they do not do what you want that he would go to the police.
to say or think that (someone or
beschuldigen, verantwortlich something) is responsible for something The report blames poor safety standards
blame v bleɪm machen für blâmer, accuser incolpare bad for the accident.
to say that you have done something
admit v ədˈmɪt zugeben admettre ammettere wrong He admitted that he had made a mistake.
to say that something is not true or that He denied that he had ever been to her
deny v dɪˈnaɪ leugnen nier negare you do not believe something house.

insist v ɪnˈsɪst bestehen auf insister insistere to demand that something should happen He insisted I should take a taxi.
Lesson 7
Lesson 7A
the number of people in a particular
unemployment n ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt Arbeitslosigkeit chômage disoccupazione country or area who cannot get a job Rising unemployment led to more crime.
an unfair situation, in which some groups
in society have more money, Education can play a large part in
inequality n ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti Ungleichheit inégalité disuguaglianza opportunities, power, etc. than others reducing social inequality.
By the end of the war, millions of people
poverty n ˈpɒvəti Armut pauvreté povertà, miseria the situation or experience of being poor had been reduced to poverty.
a political situation in which people protest Food shortages led to widespread social
social unrest n phr ˌsəʊʃəl ʌnˈrest soziale Unruhen troubles sociaux tensioni sociali or behave violently unrest.
the length of time that a person or animal Medical advances in the last century have
life expectancy n ˌlaɪf ɪkˈspektənsi Lebenserwartung espérance de vie aspettativa di vita is expected to live increased life expectancy.
unwillingness to accept ways of thinking
and behaving that are different from your Religious intolerance is a problem in
intolerance n ɪnˈtɒlərəns Intoleranz intolérance intolleranza own many parts of the world.
used to describe the condition of people The charity provides hostels and food, but
who have nowhere to live, and who often also urges the government to tackle the
homelessness n ˈhəʊmləsnəs Obdachlosigkeit absence de domicile condizione dei senzatetto live on the streets issue of homelessness.
Developments in solar and geothermal
technology will improve energy efficiency
energy efficiency n phr ˌenədʒi ɪˈfɪʃənsi Energieeffizienz efficacité énergétique efficienza energetica the use of as little energy as possible in our homes.

Kosten für das the price of the services that are provided Healthcare costs are predicted to soar as
healthcare costs n phr ˈhelθkeə ˌkɒsts Gesundheitswesen dépenses de santé costi dei servizi sanitari for looking after people’s health life expectancy increases.
the level of comfort and the amount of Living standards at all income levels
living standards n pl ˈlɪvɪŋ ˌstændədz Lebensstandard standards de vie tenori di vita money that people have improved over that period.
Lesson 7A VB
a building where people who are old or ill Now that she has moved into a care
care home n ˈkeə ˌhəʊm Pflegeheim maison d'accueil casa di cura, casa di riposo live and are looked after home, my aunt worries less.
a building where several doctors work,
and where people can go for medical There’s an asthma clinic once a month at
health centre n ˈhelθ ˌsentə Gesundheitszentrum centre médical/pôle santé centro medico treatment the local health centre.

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an effect that a drug has on your body in Turmeric is a natural anti-inflammatory
side effect n ˈsaɪd ɪˌfekt Nebenwirkung effet secondaire effetto collaterale addition to curing pain or illness with no harmful side effects.
a description of what the weather is likely The weather forecast for the weekend is
weather forecast n ˈweðə ˌfɔːkɑːst Wettervorhersage prévisions météorologiques previsioni del tempo to be like in the near future, based on the fine and dry.

a general increase in world temperatures Evaporation of the oceans contributes to

caused by increased amounts of carbon the greenhouse gases which affect global
global warming n ˌɡləʊbəl ˈwɔːmɪŋ Erderwärmung réchauffement climatique riscaldamento globale dioxide around the Earth warming.
the rights that every person should have,
such as the right to vote or to be treated There are still countries in the world which
fairly by the law, whatever their sex, race do not recognise the civil rights of every
civil rights n pl ˌsɪvəl ˈraɪts Bürgerrechte droits civiques/civils diritti civili or religion individual.
the most important minister and leader of
the government in some countries which Margaret Thatcher was Britain’s first
prime minister n ˌpraɪm ˈmɪnɪstə Premierminister premier ministre primo ministro have a parliament woman prime minister.

ˌnætʃərəl rɪˈzɔːsɪz, - natürliche Ressourcen, things that exist in nature and can be used Costa Rica’s economy benefits from its
natural resources n pl ˈsɔːsɪz Bodenschätze ressources naturelles risorse naturali by people, for example oil, trees, etc. climate and natural resources.
the amount of carbon dioxide that a
person or organisation produces by the
things they do, used as a way of
measuring the amount of harm they do to Travelling less by air is one of the ways
carbon footprint n ˌkɑːbən ˈfʊtprɪnt CO2-Fußabdruck empreinte carbone impronta di carbonio the environment you can reduce your carbon footprint.
a permanent change in the Earth’s The severe flooding is thought to have
climate change n ˈklaɪmət ˌtʃeɪndʒ Klimawandel changement climatique cambiamento climatico weather conditions been caused by climate change.
Lesson 7B
to reach an agreement or arrangement,
especially in business or politics, that They made a deal to sell the land to a
make/do a deal v phr ˌmeɪk, ˌduː ə ˈdiːl ein Geschäft abschließen conclure un marché/une affaire fare un accordo helps both sides involved property developer.
They buy goods cheaply in large
to gain money by selling things or doing quantities and make a profit when they
make a profit v phr ˌmeɪk ə ˈprɒfɪt Profit machen réaliser un bénéfice trarre guadagno business, after your costs have been paid sell them.
It makes sense to save money while you
make sense v phr ˌmeɪk ˈsens sinnvoll sein avoir du sens avere un senso to be a sensible thing to do can.
to take control or responsibility for a group Owens came in and took charge of the
take charge v phr ˌteɪk ˈtʃɑːdʒ die Regie übernehmen prendre en charge prendere il controllo, occuparsi of people or an activity situation.
to do something that might have bad Isn’t he taking a bit of a risk in coming
take a risk v phr ˌteɪk ə ˈrɪsk ein Risiko eingehen prendre un risque correre un rischio results here?
to exist or be used instead of someone I had to find someone to take Jenny’s
take someone’s place v phr ˌteɪk sʌmwʌnz ˈpleɪs jmds. Platz einnehmen remplacer qn. prendere il posto di qcn. else place.

do a good job v phr ˌduː ə ɡʊd ˈðʒɒb seine Arbeit gut machen faire un bon travail fare un buon lavoro, fare bene to do a particular task well Whoever did the plastering did a good job.
to study a subject in detail, especially in
order to discover new facts or test new She’s been doing some research into the
do research v phr ˌduː rɪˈsɜːtʃ, ˈriːsɜːtʃ forschen faire des recherches fare ricerca ideas history of the area.
to live or do something without a particular I don’t have any sugar so you’ll have to do
do without phr v ˌduː wɪðˈaʊt ohne … zurechtkommen faire sans fare a meno thing without.
to make as much effort as you can to Lydia didn’t get the job, but at least she
give it your best shot v phr ˌɡɪv ɪt jə ˌbest ˈʃɒt für etw. sein Bestes geben faire de son mieux dare il meglio di sé achieve something difficult gave it her best shot.
ˌɡɪv praɪˈɒrəti tə to deal with one thing first, because it is The hospital always gives priority to
give priority to something v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ einer Sache Priorität geben donner la priorité à qc. dare priorità a qcs. the most important emergency cases.

give someone a hand v phr ˌɡɪv sʌmwʌn ə ˈhænd jmd. helfen donner un coup de main à qn. dare una mano a qcn. to help someone do something Can you give me a hand to lift this?
Lesson 7B VB
to have an important effect or influence on Having a good teacher has made all the
make a difference v phr ˌmeɪk ə ˈdɪfərəns einen Unterschied machen faire la différence fare la differenza something or someone difference for Alex.

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make someone’s day
make the most of something
take advantage of something
take someone seriously
take someone for granted
do someone a favour
do the job
do someone good
give the game away
give someone a hard time
Wordlist ROADMAP B1
Hearing her voice on the phone really
v phr ˌmeɪk sʌmwʌnz ˈdeɪ jmd. glücklich machen rendre qn. heureux rallegrare la giornata a qcn. to make someone very happy made my day.
ˌmeɪk ðə ˈməʊst əv das Beste aus etw. to gain the greatest possible advantage Our friendly tour guides will help you
v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ herausholen profiter de qc. fare il meglio di qcs. from something make the most of your visit.
ˌteɪk ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ əv to use a particular situation to do or get I took advantage of the good weather to
v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ etw. ausnützen tirer profit de qc. approfittare di qcs. what you want paint the shed.
ˌteɪk sʌmwʌn to believe that someone is worth your As a teacher, it’s important that your
v phr ˈsɪəriəsli etw. ernst nehmen prendre qn. au serieux prendere qcn. sul serio attention or respect students take you seriously.
to expect that someone will always be
ˌteɪk sʌmwʌn fə jmd. als selbstverständlich there when you need them and never Bridget was careful not to take her tennis
v phr ˈɡrɑːntɪd ansehen apprécier qn à sa juste valeur dare per scontato qcn. think how important or useful they are coach for granted.
to do something for someone in order to Could you do me a favour and lend me
v phr ˌduː sʌmwʌn ə ˈfeɪvə jmd. einen Gefallen tun rendre un service à qn. fare un favore a qcn. help them or be kind to them £20?
to have the effect or produce the result
v phr ˌduː ðə ˈdʒɒb eine Sache erledigen faire l'affaire fare il suo dovere that you want A little more glue should do the job.
v phr ˌduː sʌmwʌn ˈɡʊd jmd. gut tun faire du bien à qn. fare bene a qcn. to have a useful effect on someone A bit more exercise would do you good.
to spoil a surprise or secret by doing or Lynn gave the game away by laughing
v phr ˌɡɪv ðə ˈɡeɪm əweɪ alles ausplaudern vendre la mèche spifferare saying something that lets someone when Kim walked in.
ˌɡɪv sʌmwʌn ə ˌhɑːd Hostile critics have given the prime
v phr ˈtaɪm jmd. hart zusetzen donner du fil à retordre à qn. dare del filo da torcere a qcn. to criticise someone a lot minister a hard time.

to agree to do what someone else wants,

instead of what you want, especially after Despite growing pressure, the Minister
give way v phr ˌɡɪv ˈweɪ nachgeben céder cedere il passo a lot of discussion or argument refused to give way.
Lesson 7C
someone you know, but who is not a close She was a casual acquaintance of my
acquaintance n əˈkweɪntəns Bekanntschaft connaissance conoscente friend family in Vienna.
the brother of your husband or wife; the
husband of your sister; the husband of My sister and brother-in-law met when
brother-in-law n ˈbrʌðər ɪn lɔː Schwager beau-frère cognato your husband or wife’s sister they were both working in Oman.
someone who gets services or advice from
a professional person, company or We are very keen to keep our existing
client n ˈklaɪənt Kunde/-in client/e cliente organisation clients happy.

a member of the same class in a school, Most of my classmates have already

classmate n ˈklɑːsmeɪt Klassenkamerad/in camarade de classe compagno/-a di classe college or – in the US – a university applied to university.
someone who works with you and has a I travelled to the conference with two of my
co-worker n ˌkəʊ ˈwɜːkə Kollege/-in collègue collega similar position co-workers.

someone who is related to you but not We got a letter from some distant relative
distant relative n phr ˌdɪstənt ˈrelətɪv entfernte/r Verwandte/r parent éloigné lontano parente closely of my wife’s whom we haven’t even met.

someone who is still living, with whom you Tony’s ex-partner still owns half of his
ex-partner n ˌeks ˈpɑːtnə Ex-Partner/in ex-conjoint/ex-compagne ex partner used to live and have a sexual relationship house.
someone who shares a flat with one or My flatmate never cleans up after she’s
flatmate n ˈflætmeɪt Mitbewohner/in colocataire coinquilino more other people used the kitchen.
Two of my senior colleagues are starting a
someone who has a high position at your company of their own and invited me to
senior colleague n phr ˌsiːnjə ˈkɒliːɡ erfahrene/r Kollege/-in collègue plus expérimenté/e collega più esperto/-a place of work join them.
the sister of your husband or wife; the wife My husband’s brother and sister-in-law
of your brother; the wife of your husband looked after our little boy when our
sister-in-law n ˈsɪstər ɪn lɔː Schwägerin belle-sœur cognata or wife’s brother daughter was born.
Lesson 7D
We went on to the next item on the
item n ˈaɪtəm Punkt item punto, elemento one thing on a list agenda.

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ideas, advice, money or effort that you put
into a job or activity in order to help it Farmers contributed most of the input into
input n ˈɪnpʊt Beitrag contribution input, apporto succeed the survey.
zum nächsten Punkt to start talking about a new subject in a Before we move on, does anyone have
move on phr v ˌmuːv ˈɒn übergehen passer à andare avanti discussion, book, etc. any questions?

to return to something you have been Let’s come back to this discussion when
come back to something v phr kʌm ˈbæk tə ˌsʌmθɪŋ auf etw. zurückkommen en revenir à qc. ritornare su qcs. doing or discussing we have some more accurate figures.
a list of the subjects to be discussed at a We only have ten minutes to discuss the
agenda n əˈdʒendə Tagesordnung agenda ordine del giorno, programma meeting last three items on the agenda.

to continue to talk about or work on a We need to reach a decision by midday,

stay on topic v phr ˌsteɪ ɒn ˈtɒpɪk am Thema dranbleiben rester dans/sur le sujet restare in tema subject so it’s important to stay on topic.
If I could go off topic for a moment, an
to talk about or work on something email has just come in which we urgently
go off topic v phr ˌɡəʊ ɒf ˈtɒpɪk vom Thema abkommen s'éloigner du sujet cambiare discorso, divagare different to the main subject need to discuss.
polite friendly conversation about We stood around making small talk while
small talk n ˈsmɔːl tɔːk Small Talk papotages, banalités chiacchiere unimportant subjects we waited for the CEO to arrive.
to start doing or discussing something I think everyone is here now, so let’s get
get down to business v phr ɡet ˌdaʊn tə ˈbɪznəs zur Sache kommen se mettre au travail passare agli affari serious that needs your full attention down to business.
to do (all the work you had planned) or There was a lot to discuss, but we
get through v phr ɡet ˈθruː durchkommen s'en sortir superare, attraversare discuss (all the items on an agenda) managed to get through everything.
Lesson 8
Lesson 8A
to leave (someone, especially someone
abandon v əˈbændən verlassen abandonner abbandonare you are responsible for) How could she abandon her own child?
to be disloyal to (someone who trusts What kind of man would betray his own
betray v bɪˈtreɪ verraten trahir tradire you), so that they are harmed or upset sister to the police?

to catch (a person) and keep them as a Government troops have succeeded in

capture v ˈkæptʃə fassen, fangen capturer catturare prisoner capturing the rebel leader.
gegenüberstehen, to face (someone) in a threatening way, as The owner of the mine was confronted by
confront v kənˈfrʌnt gegenüberstellen confronter confrontarsi con though youorare
if you face aregoing
facedtowith
attack them
a difficult an angry mob.
situation, or if a difficult situation faces Emergency services are facing additional
face v feɪs gegenüberstehen faire face à andare in contro, affrontare you, it is going to affect you and you must problems this winter.
to be given an important job to do,
especially when you are sent to another He went on a risky mission behind enemy
go on a mission v phr ˌɡəʊ ɒn ə ˈmɪʃən auf eine Mission gehen partir en mission andare in missione place lines.
Thousands of civilians were brutally
murder v ˈmɜːdə ermorden tuer, assassiner uccidere to kill (someone) deliberately and illegally murdered during the civil war.
to fight and win against (someone or The princess overcame the evil witch and
overcome v ˌəʊvəˈkʌm besiegen vaincre, surmonter vincere, sconfiggere something) escaped with the dragon.
to save (someone or something) from a Firefighters worked for two hours to rescue
rescue v ˈreskjuː retten sauver salvare, soccorrere situation of danger or harm people from the building.
to continue to live after an accident, war or
survive v səˈvaɪv überleben survivre sopravvivere illness Only 12 of the 140 passengers survived.

to prevent (someone) from escaping from Julia felt trapped in her role of wife and
trap v træp fangen, in einer Falle fangen piéger intrappolare somewhere, especially a dangerous place mother.
to deceive (someone) in order to get
something from them or to make them do He claimed he was tricked into carrying
trick v trɪk hereinlegen tromper, escroquer raggirare something drugs.
Lesson 8A VB
all the people who perform in a play, film, The play has a strong cast of new young
cast n kɑːst Besetzung distribution cast, gruppo di attori etc. actors.

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to choose which people will act particular The producer finally cast Finch in the
cast v kɑːst besetzen choisir scritturare parts in a play, film, etc. male lead.
a book, play or film that is important and The play has become an American
classic n ˈklæsɪk Klassiker classique classico has been admired for a long time classic.
a set of clothes worn by an actor or by
someone to make them look like The musical’s lavish costumes and
something such as an animal, famous spectacular sets do not make up for its
costume n ˈkɒstjʊm Kostüm costume costume person, etc. poor acting.
a film or a television or radio programme
that gives detailed information about a A local film crew is making a documentary
documentary n ˌdɒkjəˈmentəri Dokumentarfilm documentaire documentario particular subject about volcanoes.
a story, film, etc. that is based on The game is based on a surrealist fantasy
fantasy n ˈfæntəsi Fantasy fantasy/fantaisie fantascienza imagination and not facts set in a South American village.
The Phantom of the Opera is one of the
a play or film that includes singing and longest-running musicals in London’s
musical n ˈmjuːzɪkəl Musical comédie musicale musical dancing West End.
the events that form the main story of a
plot n plɒt Plot intrigue trama book, film or play The plot of the play was a little confusing.
to make a secret plan to harm a person or
(insgeheim) planen, sich organisation, especially a political leader The novel tells the story of a woman who
plot v plɒt verschwören conspirer tramare or government plots revenge.
a new CD, film, computer game, etc. that The film will be on general release from
release n rɪˈliːs Veröffentlichung sortie distribuzione is available to buy or see 25th October.
to make (a CD, film, computer game, etc.) A version of the game for Mac computers
release v rɪˈliːs veröffentlichen, herausbringen sortir rilasciare available for people to buy or see will be released in February.

stories about events in the future which

are affected by imaginary developments in The film is based on a short story by
science, for example about travelling in Wells, who is famous as a science fiction
science fiction n ˌsaɪəns ˈfɪkʃən Science-Fiction science fiction fantascienza time or to other planets with life on them author.
The actress met her future husband on a
set cinematografico, set a place where a film or television film set, where he was working as a
set n set Set plateau televisivo programme is filmed member of the crew.
if a film, play, story, etc. is set in a
particular place or period, the action takes The novel is set in nineteenth-century
set v set spielen se dérouler essere ambientato place there or then Spain.
She first became successful by setting up
an occasion when someone takes photo shoots for a famous fashion
shoot n ʃuːt Fotoshooting séance photo/prise de vues ripresa photographs or makes a film designer.
to take photographs or make a film of
shoot v ʃuːt drehen tourner riprendere, girare (something) The movie was shot in New Zealand.
At the concert, Tom played music from the
soundtrack n ˈsaʊndtræk Filmmusik bande sonore colonna sonora the recorded music from a film soundtrack for Gladiator.
sounds and images, especially in a film,
which seem to be real but are created by The series is well known for its incredibly
special effects n pl ˌspeʃəl ɪˈfekts Spezialeffekte effets spéciaux effetti speciali artists and digital specialists lifelike special effects.
a book or film that tells an exciting story Hitchcock was famous as a director of
thriller n ˈθrɪlə Thriller thriller giallo about murder or crime thrillers.
Lesson 8B
to make (someone) believe something that He tried to deceive the public into thinking
deceive v dɪˈsiːv täuschen, vormachen tromper, duper ingannare is not true the war could still be won.
to go or travel towards a particular place,
head for somewhere v phr ˈhed fə ˌsʌmweə auf dem Weg sein nach se diriger vers dirigersi da qualche parte especially in a deliberate way The ship was heading for Cuba.
to notice (someone or something),
especially when they are difficult to see or
spot v spɒt erblicken repérer, apercevoir avvistare recognise I spotted a police car behind us.

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to find (someone or something that has
disappeared) by searching for them She had given up all hope of tracing her
trace v treɪs aufspüren retrouver ritrovare carefully missing daughter.
to change someone’s appearance so that Maybe you could disguise yourself as a
disguise v dɪsˈɡaɪz sich verkleiden se déguiser travestire people cannot recognise them waiter and sneak in there.
to recognise and correctly name The police took fingerprints and identified
identify v aɪˈdentɪfaɪ identifizieren identifier identificare (someone or something) the body.
to look for someone or something very Giles has been hunting for years for his
hunt for someone v phr ˈhʌnt fə ˌsʌmwʌn nach jmd. forschen chercher qn. andare alla ricerca di qcn. carefully half-brother.
to carefully watch everything that
keep an eye on ˌkiːp ən ˈaɪ ɒn someone does, especially because you do We want Taylor in jail where we can keep
something/someone v phr ˌsʌmθɪŋ, ˌsʌmwʌn ein Auge auf etw./jmd. haben surveiller qn., garder qn. à l'œil tenere d’occhio qcs./qcn. not trust them an eye on him.
to search for (someone or something) by
searching or looking for information in Police have been tracking the criminals’
track v træk verfolgen, rückverfolgen traquer, localiser rintracciare several different places activity all over the internet.

to chase or follow (someone or something) Briggs ran across the field with one officer
pursue v pəˈsjuː jmd. nachgehen, folgen poursuivre perseguire in order to catch them, attack them, etc. pursuing him.
Lesson 8C
an abstract artwork (= painting, design,
etc.) contains shapes and patterns that do
abstract artwork n phr ˌæbstrækt ˈɑːtwɜːk abstraktes Kunstwerk œuvre abstrait opera d’arte astratta not look like real things or people Miró was famous as an abstract artist.

a picture made by sticking other pictures, Local schools have joined together to
collage n ˈkɒlɑːʒ Collage collage collage photographs, cloth, etc. onto a surface make a collage of our town’s history.

installation n ˌɪnstəˈleɪʃən
landscape n ˈlændskeɪp
oil painting n ˈɔɪl ˌpeɪntɪŋ
original artwork n phr əˈrɪdʒɪnəl, -dʒənəl
portrait n ˈpɔːtrət
a piece of modern art which can include The installation attracted media attention
Installation installation installazione objects, light, sound, etc. because it featured live locusts.
a picture showing an area of countryside Lorrain was one of the first French artists
Landschaft paysage paesaggio or land to exhibit landscapes.
Many Italian Renaissance artists were
inspired by oil paintings from northern
Ölgemälde peinture à l'huile dipinto a olio a picture painted with oil paint Europe.
a work of art that is not a copy, but is the The original artwork for the design is now
Originalkunstwerk original/œuvre originale opera d’arte originale one produced by the writer or artist in the company’s archives.
a painting, drawing or photograph of a Whistler’s portrait of his mother is world-
Porträt portrait ritratto person famous.

a picture that is made by cutting lines onto

a piece of metal or wood and then printing
it onto paper; a copy of a painting that is
produced by taking a photograph of it and This is a print of Munch’s original, which
print n prɪnt Druck réproduction stampa printing it onto paper is on display in Oslo.
an object made out of stone, wood, clay, Local artists were asked to create
sculpture n ˈskʌlptʃə Skulptur sculpture scultura etc. by an artist sculptures for the garden.
a simple, quickly made drawing that does Cantor drew a rough sketch of his
sketch n sketʃ Zeichnung, Skizze sketch schizzo not show much detail apartment on a napkin.
an image of a person or animal that is
made in solid material such as stone or We saw a bronze statue of Frederick the
statue n ˈstætʃuː Statue statue statua metal and is usually large Great on a horse when we visited Berlin.
a picture of an arrangement of objects, for
still life n ˌstɪl ˈlaɪf Stillleben nature morte natura morta example flowers or fruit Cézanne painted many still lifes of apples.

a picture painted using a type of paint that We went to an exhibition of watercolours

watercolour n ˈwɔːtəˌkʌlə Aquarell aquarelle acquarello you mix with water painted in Venice by various artists.

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Lesson 8C VB

the use of painting, drawing, sculpture, Make sure you visit the Museum of
art n ɑːt Kunst art arte etc. to represent things or express ideas Modern Art while you are in New York.
someone who produces art, especially He’s a wildlife artist who specialises in
artist n ˈɑːtɪst Künstler artiste artista paintings or drawings drawing birds.

good at painting, drawing or producing Huan is very artistic: he draws and paints,
artistic adj ɑːˈtɪstɪk künstlerisch artistique artistico beautiful things but his favourite medium is sculpture.
Fortune has composed the music for a
new production of ‘A Midsummer Night’s
compose v kəmˈpəʊz komponieren composer comporre to write a piece or pieces of music Dream’.
The concert included a mixture of
a piece of music, a poem or a piece of traditional songs and original
composition n ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃən Komposition composition composizione writing compositions.
One of the composer’s most celebrated
pieces of music is inspired by Inuit throat
composer n kəmˈpəʊzə Komponist/in compositeur/-trice compositore/-trice someone who writes music singing.
to prepare (a book, newspaper or article)
for printing or publication by deciding what
herausgeben, redigieren, to include and in what order, and checking At the moment he’s editing an anthology
edit v ˈedɪt editieren éditer editare for any mistakes of twentieth-century poetry.

the copies of a book, newspaper, etc. that

edition n ɪˈdɪʃən Ausgabe édition edizione are produced and printed at the same time The first edition was published in 1986.
someone who chooses what to include in
a book, newspaper or article on a The editor made a strange decision not to
particular subject, and checks for any include Brazil in a book about South
editor n ˈedɪtə Herausgeber, Redakteur éditeur/-trice curatore/-trice, redattore/-trice mistakes American wildlife.
to amuse or interest people in a way that A museum should aim to entertain as well
entertain v ˌentəˈteɪn unterhalten divertir intrattenere gives them pleasure as educate.
things such as films, television,
performances, etc. that are intended to There will be live entertainment
entertainment n ˌentəˈteɪnmənt Unterhaltung divertissement, spectacle intrattenimento amuse or interest people throughout the day.
someone whose job is to tell jokes, sing, Bowie remains one of the top entertainers
entertainer n ˌentəˈteɪnə Unterhaltungskünstler/in comique intrattenitore/-trice etc. in order to entertain people of all time.
Children’s TV nowadays is much more
entertaining adj ˌentəˈteɪnɪŋ unterhaltsam, kurzweilig divertissant, amusant intrattenente amusing and interesting entertaining.
to put pictures in or draw pictures for a Over a hundred diagrams, tables and
illustrate v ˈɪləstreɪt illustrieren illustrer illustrare book, article, etc. pictures illustrate the book.

a picture in a book, article, etc., especially This book about Antarctica contains 62
illustration n ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən Illustration illustration illustrazione one that helps you to understand it pages of illustrations.
someone who draws pictures, especially Blake is an excellent author, although he
illustrator n ˈɪləstreɪtə Illustrator/in illustrateur/-trice illustratore/-trice for books remains most famous as an illustrator.
Textbooks in particular require expert
having pictures, especially to help you research of graphics and other illustrative
illustrative adj ˈɪləstreɪtɪv, -strət- illustrativ, veranschaulichend illustratif illustrativo understand something material.
to make (a picture, design, etc.) using
paint v peɪnt malen peindre dipingere paint He paints mainly in acrylics.
a painted picture that you put on a wall for There was a large painting of the Taj
painting n ˈpeɪntɪŋ Gemälde peinture dipinto people to see Mahal on the wall.
someone who paints pictures for display Gerry’s ambition was to become a portrait
painter n ˈpeɪntə Maler/in peintre pittore/-trice on a wall painter.
to take a picture of (someone or
photograph v ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf fotografieren photographier fotografare something) using a camera Kate agreed to let me photograph her.

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I got some brilliant photographs of the
photograph n ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf Foto photo fotografia a picture obtained by using a camera desert.

someone who takes photographs, He works as a wedding photographer to

photographer n fəˈtɒɡrəfə Fotograf/in photographe fotografo/-a especially as a professional or as an artist fund his more experimental photography.
relating to photographs, using The software allows you to scan
photographs, or used in producing photographic images onto your personal
photographic adj ˌfəʊtəˈɡræfɪk fotografisch photographique fotografico photographs computer.
to make, write, etc. (something to be
bought, used or enjoyed by people); if
someone produces a film or play, they find
the money for it and control the way it is They produced a corrected edition of the
produce v prəˈdjuːs produzieren, herstellen produire produrre made book in just 24 hours.
the process of making or growing things to
be sold, especially in large quantities; a
play, film, broadcast, etc. that is produced
for the public, or the process of producing She starred in a recent production of The
production n prəˈdʌkʃən Produktion production produzione it Crucible.
someone whose job is to control the
preparation of a play, film or broadcast,
but who does not direct the actors; a
person, company or country that makes or The producers demanded a change to the
producer n prəˈdjuːsə Produzent/in producteur/-trice produttore/-trice grows goods, foods or materials movie’s ending.
Most of us are more productive in the
productive adj prəˈdʌktɪv produktiv productif produttivo producing or achieving a lot morning.
if a writer, musician, etc. publishes their
work, they arrange for it to be printed and University teachers must publish regularly
publish v ˈpʌblɪʃ veröffentlichen publier pubblicare sold to gain promotion.
He was the author of 70 major scientific
publication n ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃən Veröffentlichung, Publikation publication pubblicazione a book, magazine, etc. publications.
a person or company whose business is
to arrange the writing, production and sale She is now a bestselling author, but eight
publisher n ˈpʌblɪʃə Verlag, Verleger/in éditeur/-trice editore/-trice of books, newspapers, etc. publishers rejected her first novel.
modellieren, meißeln, to make (a particular shape) from stone, The artist sculpted a whale using the
sculpt v skʌlpt bildhauern sculpter scolpire wood, clay, etc. wood from an old ship.

an object made out of stone, wood, clay, There is a collection of abstract bronze
sculpture n ˈskʌlptʃə Skulptur sculpture scultura etc. by an artist, or the art of doing this sculptures displayed around the park.
Michelangelo is equally well known as a
someone who makes shapes from stone, painter and a sculptor and was also an
sculptor n ˈskʌlptə Bildhauer/in sculpteur/-trice scultore/-trice wood, clay, etc. architect.
Lesson 9
Lesson 9A
to give a satisfactory explanation of why
erklären, Rechenschaft something has happened or why you did Can you account for your movements on
account for something v phr əˈkaʊnt fə ˌsʌmθɪŋ ablegen für expliquer, rendre compte de rendere conto di qcs., spiegare something that night?

an object or piece of information that helps We now have an important clue as to the
clue n kluː Hinweis indice indizio someone solve a crime or mystery time of the murder.
facts or signs that show clearly that Do you have evidence that this treatment
evidence n ˈevɪdəns Beweis évidence prova something exists or is true works?
an attempt to make people believe Her disappearance and the empty boat
hoax n həʊks Schwindel, Scherz canular bufala something that is not true turned out to be an elaborate hoax.
to recognise and correctly name Eyewitnesses identified the gunman as an
identify someone v phr aɪˈdentɪfaɪ ˌsʌmwʌn jmd. identifizieren identifier qn. identificare qcn. (someone) army sergeant.

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the reason that makes someone do
something, especially when this reason is The main motive for the killings seemed to
motive n ˈməʊtɪv Motiv motivation motivo kept hidden be revenge.
The story of the MP’s arrest was a red
a fact or idea that is not important but is herring to distract the public from the
Täuschungsmanöver, introduced to take your attention away release of a shocking report about public
red herring n ˌred ˈherɪŋ Ablenkungsmanöver diversion, fausse piste depistaggio from the points that are important safety.
used to say that people continue to not
understand an event, situation, etc. or
cannot explain it because they do not Whatever caused the accident remains a
remain a mystery v phr rɪˌmeɪn ə ˈmɪstəri ein Geheimnis bleiben rester un mystère rimane un mistero know enough about it mystery.
to happen in a particular way or to have a
particular result, especially one that you That guy turned out to be Maria’s second
turn out phr v ˌtɜːn ˈaʊt sich herausstellen als s'avérer rivelarsi did not expect cousin.
someone who has been attacked, robbed The victim received head injuries from
victim n ˈvɪktɪm Opfer victime vittima or murdered which she died a week later.
Lesson 9B
to think that (something) is true, although I didn’t see your car, so I assumed you’d
assume v əˈsjuːm annehmen supposer, présumer assumere you do not have definite proof gone out.
to decide (that something is true) after The report concluded that the school
conclude v kənˈkluːd schlussfolgern, folgern conclure concludere considering all the information you have should be closed immediately.
to make (something) seem real in order to She faked her father’s signature on the
fake v feɪk fälschen falsifier contraffare, fingere deceive people cheque.
We know that greenhouse gases can
know v nəʊ wissen savoir sapere to have information about (something) affect the climate.
to fail to understand (someone or Some companies appear to have
misunderstand v ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd missverstehen mal comprendre fraintendere something) correctly misunderstood the new rules.
It was observed that 40 percent of patients
observe v əbˈzɜːv beobachten observer osservare to see and notice (something) had high blood pressure.
to show that (something) is true by
prove v pruːv beweisen prouver dimostrare providing facts, information, etc. Tests have proved that the system works.
to study (a subject) in detail, especially in
order to discover new facts or test new He’s been researching material for a
research v rɪˈsɜːtʃ recherchieren faire des recherches ricercare ideas documentary about otters.
to think that (something) is probably true, I suspected that there was something
suspect v səˈspekt vermuten, argwöhnen soupçonner sospettare especially something bad wrong with the engine.

to think of a possible explanation for an Researchers theorise that there was once
theorise v ˈθɪəraɪz theoretisieren théoriser congetturare event or fact a common language for all human beings.
Lesson 9B VB
an etw. denken, nicht to not forget something that you must do, I hope he remembers to buy some
remember v rɪˈmembə vergessen ne pas oublier ricordarsi get or bring cheese.
to make (someone) remember something Yes, I’ll be there. Thanks for reminding
remind v rɪˈmaɪnd (jmd.) erinnern rappeler ricordare that they must do me.
Games can make learning more
enjoyable adj ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbəl angenehm, unterhaltsam agréable piacevole something enjoyable gives you pleasure enjoyable.
The book is full of amusing stories about
amusing adj əˈmjuːzɪŋ amüsant amusant divertente funny and entertaining his childhood.
Sales rose by 20% over the Christmas
rise v raɪz ansteigen augmenter/monter salire to increase in number, amount or value period.

raise v reɪz erhöhen augmenter aumentare to increase (an amount, number or level) Many shops have raised their prices.
if you live in a place, you have your home
live v lɪv leben vivre vivere there They lived in Denmark for ten years.

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to live in a place for a short time as a
stay v steɪ bleiben, wohnen rester restare visitor or guest My mother is staying with us this week.
caring and feeling sorry about someone’s My friends were very sympathetic when I
sympathetic adj ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk mitfühlend compatissant comprensivo problems lost my job.
Andrea is friendly and very likeable but I
likeable adj ˈlaɪkəbəl liebenswert, sympathisch agréable/sympathique piacevole, simpatico likeable people are nice and easy to like find her twin sister more difficult.
The food’s quite expensive, but it’s really
expensive adj ɪkˈspensɪv teuer cher caro costing a lot of money nice.
Their most valuable belongings were
valuable adj ˈvæljuəbəl, -jəbəl wertvoll de (grande) valeur prezioso worth a lot of money locked in a safe in the bedroom.
to put (someone or something) down
lay v leɪ legen poser appoggiare carefully into a flat position Lay the material flat on the table.
to be in a position in which your body is
lie v laɪ liegen s'allonger; ici: s'exposer sdraiarsi flat on the floor, on a bed, etc. Don’t lie in the sun for too long.
to hurt (yourself or someone else), for
injure v ˈɪndʒə verletzen blesser ferire example in an accident or an attack Angus injured his leg playing rugby.
to cause physical harm to (something) or Several buildings were damaged by the
damage v ˈdæmɪdʒ beschädigen endommager danneggiare to (part of someone’s body) earthquake.
Lesson 9C
to meet, find or discover (someone or
come across phr v ˌkʌm əˈkrɒs zufällig finden, stoßen auf tomber sur, découvrir imbattersi something) by chance I came across an old diary in her desk.
We’ve been asked to come up with some
come up with phr v kʌm ˈʌp wɪð sich ausdenken trouver, fournir inventare to think of (an idea, answer, etc.) new ideas.
to think about (a problem or situation) until
you find the answer or understand what
figure out phr v ˌfɪɡər ˈaʊt rauskriegen, dahinterkommen résoudre, comprendre risolvere, comprendere has happened Can you figure out how to do it?
get on with phr v ɡet ˈɒn wɪð weitermachen mit continuer qc. continuare a to continue doing (something) Be quiet and get on with your work!
used to say that you are very surprised,
get over phr v ɡet ˈəʊvə etw. fassen können se remettre de superare, accettare shocked or amused by (something) I can’t get over how well you look!
to not do something that (someone) trusts The worst feeling is having let our fans
let down phr v ˌlet ˈdaʊn enttäuschen décevoir/laisser tomber deludere or expects you to do down.
She always tried to make out that I was
make out (that) phr v ˌmeɪk ˈaʊt ðət es so hinstellen, als ob faire passer qc. pour qc. dare a credere to say that something is true when it is not wrong and she was right.
to pretend that (something) is true in order
make up phr v ˌmeɪk ˈʌp etw. erfinden inventer inventarsi to deceive someone I think they’re making the whole thing up.
hervorstechen, sich
stand out phr v ˌstænd ˈaʊt herausheben ressortir spiccare to be very easy to see or notice She always stood out in a crowd.
to continue doing something that is It wasn’t a happy period of his life, but he
stick it out phr v ˌstɪk ɪt ˈaʊt etw. durchstehen, aushalten tenir le coup non mollare difficult, painful or boring stuck it out.
to think carefully about the possible
think through phr v ˌθɪŋk ˈθruː etw. durchdenken bien réfléchir pensarci su results of (something) It’s my fault. I didn’t think it through.
to happen in a particular way, or to have a
particular result, especially one that you
turn out (that) phr v ˌtɜːn ˈaʊt ðət sich herausstellen, dass s'avérer (que) rivelarsi did not expect It turned out that I was wrong.
Lesson 9C VB

an occasion when a car or a piece of Always carry a phone with you in case you
breakdown n ˈbreɪkdaʊn Panne panne guasto machinery breaks and stops working have a breakdown on the motorway.
if there is an outbreak of fighting or
disease in an area, it suddenly starts to A recent outbreak of food poisoning at the
outbreak n ˈaʊtbreɪk Ausbruch épidémie, apparition scoppio happen school left ten students in hospital.
a reduction in something, such as the
number of workers in a company or the
amount of money a government or A fall in donations has forced the charity to
cutback n ˈkʌtbæk Kürzung économie, réduction riduzione, taglio company spends make cutbacks.

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Despite her health problems, she has a
outlook n ˈaʊtlʊk Einstellung, Perspektive perspective prospettiva your general attitude to life and the world positive outlook.
a period of physical exercise, especially as He’s training for a marathon so he’s doing
workout n ˈwɜːkaʊt Fitnesstraining exercice, entraînement ginnastica, allenamento training for a sport workouts at the gym every day.
If the input data specified it, the file will
input n ˈɪnpʊt Eingabe donnée input information that is put into a computer close and the process terminates.
an event, performance, etc. that is not as The ending of the novel was a real
letdown n ˈletdaʊn Enttäuschung déception delusione, disappunto good as you expected it to be letdown.
complete loss of your money, moral The book describes the background to the
standards, social position, etc., or the scandal that led to the president’s
downfall n ˈdaʊnfɔːl Sturz, Untergang chute, ruine rovina, tracollo sudden failure of an organisation downfall.
an important new discovery in something
you are studying, especially one made Scientists have made a major
breakthrough n ˈbreɪkθruː Durchbruch percée svolta, scoperta after trying for a long time breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.
when one company takes control of
another by buying more than half its Thornbury has announced a takeover bid
takeover n ˈteɪkəʊvə Übernahme rachat, reprise rilevamento shares of a regional TV company.
Lesson 9D
if your credit or debit card is refused in a
shop, by telephone or online, you cannot My credit card was refused so I had to pay
refuse v rɪˈfjuːz ablehnen refuser rifiutare use it to make purchases cash.
to take something to a particular place or
dəˌlɪvə ðə ˌrɒŋ effetuare una consegnare person that turns out not to be the correct They’ve delivered the wrong item. I
deliver the wrong item v phr ˈaɪtəm die falsche Ware liefern livrer le mauvais article errata thing ordered a kettle, not a toaster.
if a hotel, restaurant, etc. is booked up,
there are no more rooms, places, seats,
booked up v phr ˌbʊkt ˈʌp ausgebucht complet esaurito etc. still available The courses quickly get booked up.
if a machine or piece of equipment works, The lift isn’t working, so we’ll have to use
work v wɜːk funktionieren fonctionner/marcher funzionare it does what it is supposed to do the stairs.
if something arrives, it is brought or
arrive v əˈraɪv ankommen arriver arrivare delivered to you The letter from the bank hasn’t arrived yet.
to be unavailable for sale in a particular I’m sorry, that printer is out of stock at the
be out of stock v phr bi ˌaʊt əv ˈstɒk nicht auf Lager sein ne pas être disponible essere esaurito shop moment.
to arrive at a place, especially in a way
turn up v phr ˌtɜːn ˈʌp aufkreuzen, kommen se pointer venire that is unexpected You can’t just turn up and expect a meal.
bi ˌmʌtʃ ˌhaɪə ðən essere più alto di quanto si to be a lot greater in number or amount I’m not going to use that plumber again.
be much higher than expected v phr ɪkˈspektɪd viel höher sein als erwartet être plus élevé qu'attendu pensasse than you thought it would be My bill was much higher than expected.

to be sent but not delivered using the

official system for carrying letters,
get lost in the post v phr ɡet ˌlɒst ɪn ðə ˈpəʊst in der Post verloren gehen se perdre dans la poste andare smarrito fra la posta packages, etc. from one place to another Your letter must have got lost in the post.
if a computer, a connection, the internet, The theatre’s booking system is down at
down adj daʊn außer Betrieb hors service fuori servizio etc. is down, it is not working the moment.
Lesson 10
Lesson 10A
Sinn im Leben, a feeling of determination to achieve My football career was over and I had no
purpose in life n phr ˈpɜːpəs ɪn ˌlaɪf Lebensaufgabel but dans la vie scopo nella vita things in life purpose in life.
someone’s level of skill at painting, They have been using their artistic
artistic ability n phr ɑːˌtɪstɪk əˈbɪləti künstlerisches Können capacité artistique abilità artistica drawing or producing beautiful things abilities to brighten up the school.
a natural ability to do something unusually Lee had a unique talent for bringing
unique talent n phr juːˌniːk ˈtælənt einzigartiges Talent talent unique talento unico well
someone you have a very close people together.
relationship with because you share or Archna is more than a sister; she’s always
soul mate n phr ˈsəʊl meɪt Seelenverwandte/r âme sœur anima gemella understand the same emotions and been my soul mate as well.
great passion n phr ˌɡreɪt ˈpæʃən große Leidenschaft grande passion grande passione a very strong liking for something Gardening was her great passion.

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a place of your own
sense of belonging
like-minded friends
a place you can call home
sense of adventure
core principles
true vocation
Lesson 10A VB
purpose in life
start a new life
risk your life
quality of life
real-life
lead a busy life
Wordlist ROADMAP B1
After five years of student life, I’d like to
n phr ə ˌpleɪs əv jər ˈəʊn eine eigene Wohnung un endroit à soi un posto per conto proprio your own home have a place of my own.
a feeling that you are happy and It’s important for young people to have a
n phr ˌsens əv bɪˈlɒŋɪŋ Zugehörigkeitsgefühl sentiment d'appartenance senso di appartenenza comfortable somewhere sense of belonging.
ami(e)s partageant les mêmes people that you like who have similar I made more like-minded friends at
n phr ˌlaɪk maɪndɪd ˈfrendz gleichgesinnte Freunde idées amici affini interests and opinions to you university than I did at school.
This is the first time since leaving the
ə ˌpleɪs jʊ kən ˌkɔːl ein Ort, den man sein Zuhause un endroit que l'on peut appeler somewhere that you live where you feel Army that I’ve had a place I could call
n phr ˈhəʊm nennen kann "chez soi" un posto che si chiama casa happy and comfortable home.
willingness to try new things, take risks, Come on, let’s try kitesurfing – where’s
n phr ˌsens əv ədˈventʃə Abenteuerlust sens de l'aventure senso dell’avventura etc. your sense of adventure?
fundamental moral rules or beliefs about I was influenced by my friends as a
what is right and wrong, that influence teenager, but my core principles came
n phr ˌkɔː ˈprɪnsəpəlz wichtigste Prinzipien principes fondamentaux principi chiave how you behave from my parents.
a particular type of work that you feel is At 17 she found her true vocation as a
n phr ˌtruː vəʊˈkeɪʃən wahre Berufung véritable vocation vera vocazione right for you writer.
a feeling of determination to achieve Volunteering for the charity has given
n phr ˈpɜːpəs ɪn ˌlaɪf Lebensaufgabe, -ziel but dans la vie scopo nella vita things in life Paddy a new purpose in life.
to live in a different way to how you used
v phr ˌstɑːt ə ˌnjuː ˈlaɪf ein neues Leben beginnen commencer une nouvelle vie iniziare una nuova vita to live They moved to Australia to start a new life.
to put yourself in a situation where you Two firefighters risked their lives to save
v phr ˌrɪsk jə ˈlaɪf sein Leben riskieren risquer sa vie rischiare la propria vita could die the children.
how good or bad your life is, shown for It is hoped that this new drug will improve
n phr ˌkwɒləti əv ˈlaɪf Lebensqualität qualité de vie qualità della vita example by whether or not you are happy, the quality of life for very ill patients.
The storyline in the soap opera actually
actually happening in life, not invented in helped Louise solve some real-life
adj ˌrɪəl ˈlaɪf real vrai vita reale a book, etc. problems.
if you lead a busy life, you are working It seems that my grandparents lead an
v phr ˌliːd ə ˌbɪzi ˈlaɪf viel beschäfigt sein mener une vie bien remplie condurre una vita impegnata hard and have a lot of things to do even busier life now that they’re retired!

the behaviour, habits, customs, etc. that The tribe’s traditional way of life is under
way of life n phr ˌweɪ əv ˈlaɪf Lebensweise mode de vie modo di vivere are typical of a particular society or person threat.
spend your whole life doing spend jə ˌhəʊl ˈlaɪf sein ganzes Leben damit to use all your time doing a particular task, I seem to spend my whole life driving my
something v phr ˌduːɪŋ ˌsʌmθɪŋ verbringen, etw. zu tun passer toute sa vie à faire qc. passare tutta la vita a fare qcs. activity, etc. teenage children around.
Since surviving that accident, she
live life to the full v phr ˌlɪv ˌlaɪf tə ðə ˈfʊl das Leben voll auskosten vivre pleinement sa vie vivere la vita al massimo to enjoy doing a lot of different things believes in living life to the full.
a book, play, description, etc. that is true The film is frighteningly true to life and
true to life adj phr ˌtruː tə ˈlaɪf lebensnah réaliste verosimile to life seems very real and natural very funny.
Lesson 10B
attracting a lot of public attention, usually It can’t have been easy growing up with
high-profile adj ˌhaɪ ˈprəʊfaɪl prominent, profiliert très en vue di alto profilo deliberately such high-profile parents.
ˌteɪk sʌmweə baɪ
take somewhere by storm v phr ˈstɔːm einen Ort im Sturm erobern faire fureur, faire sensation conquistare subito un luogo to be very successful in a particular place The new show took London by storm.
something that happens or exists as a
result of things that happened at an earlier The invasion left a legacy of hatred and
legacy n ˈleɡəsi Vermächtnis héritage eredità time fear.
to begin your life or profession or an When the band first started out, they
start out phr v ˌstɑːt ˈaʊt beginnen, anfangen débuter iniziare important period of time played at small clubs.
The film stars two unknown but brilliant
unknown adj ˌʌnˈnəʊn unbekannt inconnu sconosciuto not famous young actors.
His remark went unnoticed by everyone
go unnoticed v phr ˌɡəʊ ʌnˈnəʊtɪst unbemerkt bleiben passer inaperçu passare inosservato to exist or occur without being noticed except me.

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 Wordlist ROADMAP B1
a sudden or unexpected chance to do
something that allows you to become He got his first big break in 1998 when he
big break n phr ˌbɪɡ ˈbreɪk Durchbruch chance d'une vie grande occasione successful in your job replaced another player who was injured.

something or someone that is immediately With his experience and enthusiasm, he

instant hit n phr ˌɪnstənt ˈhɪt sofortiger Erfolg succès instantané successo istantaneo very popular and successful was an instant hit.
parvenir/être propulsé au faîte Brian, an air steward, shot to fame on the
shoot to fame v phr ˌʃuːt tə ˈfeɪm plötzlich berühmt werden de la gloire diventare famosi all’improvviso to suddenly become very famous television show ‘Big Brother’.
someone who is in the public eye is seen
a lot on television, written about in As a human rights lawyer he is often in the
in the public eye adv phr ɪn ðə ˌpʌblɪk ˈaɪ im Licht der Öffentlichkeit sur le devant de la scène nel mirino del pubblico newspapers, etc. public eye.
Lesson 10B VB

to behave badly and cause trouble or George has been misbehaving at school.
misbehave v ˌmɪsbɪˈheɪv sich schlecht benehmen mal se comporter comportarsi male annoy people He was sent to the headteacher today.
The new parking restrictions will be strictly
enforce v ɪnˈfɔːs durchsetzen faire respecter imporre to make people obey (a rule or law) enforced.
Dolphins have virtually disappeared from
disappear v ˌdɪsəˈpɪə verschwinden disparaître scomparire to stop existing this part of the ocean.

to put (someone or something) in danger Nobody knew then that using asbestos
endanger v ɪnˈdeɪndʒə gefährden mettre en danger mettere in pericolo of being hurt, damaged or destroyed could endanger lives.
missverstehen, falsch to fail to understand (someone or Don’t misunderstand me – I have nothing
misunderstand v ˌmɪsʌndəˈstænd verstehen mal comprendre fraintendere something) correctly against these people.
to have or express a different opinion from Kate and I often disagree with each other
disagree v ˌdɪsəˈɡriː unterschiedlicher Meinung sein être en désaccord dissentire someone else about where to go on holiday.
to get (something) back, especially an The family never quite regained its former
regain v rɪˈɡeɪn zurückgewinnen regagner riconquistare ability or quality, that you have lost influence.
to make it possible for (someone) to do
enable v ɪˈneɪbəl ermöglichen permettre rendere possibile something, or for (something) to happen The loan enabled Jan to buy the house.
to make (someone) believe something that
is not true by giving them information that Politicians have misled the public over the
mislead v ˌmɪsˈliːd in die Irre führen tromper ingannare is false or not complete dangers of these chemicals.
to give (someone) information that is I am afraid you’ve been misinformed;
misinform v ˌmɪsɪnˈfɔːm falsch informieren mal informer disinformare incorrect there is no flight to Helsinki this evening.
to change (something that has been
written), especially in order to improve it or
rewrite v ˌriːˈraɪt umschreiben ré(é)crire riscrivere because new information is available I’ll have to rewrite most of the essay.
My assistant will phone to rearrange the
rearrange v ˌriːəˈreɪndʒ neu vereinbaren reporter riconcordare to change the time of (a meeting, etc.) appointment.
Lesson 10C

berechnen, in Rechnung to ask (someone) for a particular amount We won’t charge you for delivery if you
charge v tʃɑːdʒ stellen faire payer addebitare of money for something you are selling pay now.
to persuade (someone) not to do My father discouraged me from playing
something, especially by making it seem rugby but I’ve never regretted ignoring his
discourage v dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ abbringen von décourager scoraggiare difficult or bad advice.
to give (someone) information about a
particular subject, or to show them a better We need to educate people of all age
educate v ˈedjʊkeɪt erziehen, ausbilden éduquer educare way to do something groups about recycling.
You have to enforce classroom discipline
enforce v ɪnˈfɔːs durchsetzen faire appliquer imporre to make people obey (a rule or law) or there is chaos.
to make (someone) pay money as a
fine v faɪn eine Geldstrafe auferlegen condamner à une amende multare punishment He was fined for not paying his car tax.

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 Wordlist ROADMAP B1
to put (a piece of equipment) somewhere
and connect it so that it is ready to be Security cameras have been installed in
install v ɪnˈstɔːl installieren installer installare used the city centre.
to bring (a plan, system or product) into They want to introduce a system of
introduce v ˌɪntrəˈdjuːs einführen introduire introdurre use for the first time identity cards.
to put (a picture, notice, etc.) on a wall so They put up posters asking people to look
put up phr v ˌpʊt ˈʌp aufhängen afficher appendere that people can see it out for the missing dog.

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