MUCHA ELECTRICITY 2024

QUESTION 1 (Start on a new page).

1.1 In Circuit 1 below three identical light bulbs, P, Q and R, with the same resistance, are
connected to a battery with emf ε and negligible internal resistance.

P Q

Circuit 1

1.1.1 How does the brightness of bulb P compare with that of bulb Q?
Give a reason for the answer.

(2)
1.1.2 How does the brightness of bulb P compare with that of bulb R?
Give a reason for the answer.

(2)
A fourth, identical bulb T, with the same resistance as the other three, is connected to the circuit
by means of an ordinary wire of negligible resistance, as shown in Circuit 2 below.

P Q
Circuit 2 T

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1.1.3 How does the brightness of bulb T compare with that of bulb R?
Give a reason for the answer.
(2)

1.2 A battery with an emf of 20 V and an internal resistance of 1 Ω is connected

to three resistors, as shown in the circuit below.
Calculate the:

1.2.1 Current in the 8 Ω resistor (6)

1.2.2 Potential difference across the 5 Ω resistor (4)

1.2.3 Total power supplied by the battery (3)

[19]
ε = 20 V
1Ω

5Ω 10 Ω

8Ω

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QUESTION 2
In the circuit below the battery can supply a maximum of 12 J of energy per 1 coulomb of charge. The
resistances of the connecting wires are negligible. The internal resistance of EACH CELL in the battery
is 0,2 Ω.

V
10 Ω

9Ω R

2.1 State Ohm's law in words. (2)

2.2 Give the phrase for the underlined words. (1)
Switch S is now closed. The voltmeter measures 6,75 V.
2.3 Calculate the:
2.3.1 Current in the battery. (3)
2.3.2 Resistance of resistor R. (7)
2.4 It is very common to connect many appliances to a multiplug which results in overheating.
Modern multiplugs have a cut-off switch built in to avoid this overheating.
Use the knowledge of parallel circuits, explain why this cut-off switch is
important. (3)
[16]

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A group of learners conduct an experiment to determine the ernf (E) and internal resistance (r) of a
battery. The data obtained from the experiment is used to plot points on graph paper and draw a line of
best fit. The graph of one of the learners is given below. The x and y axes have not been labelled.

3.1 Explain the term internal resistance.

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3.2 Write down ONE factor which must be kept constant during this experiment.

Using the graph:

3.3 Provide a label for the y-axis.

3.4 Write down the quantity represented by the gradient?

3.5 Write down the emf of the battery.

3.6 Calculate the internal resistance of the battery.

3.7 Determine the value of Vint when the graph reaches 0,8 on the x-axis.

QUESTION 4
A circuit is connected as shown below. The battery has an emf of 10 V and an unknown internal resistance
r. A voltmeter VI is connected across the battery and another voltmeter V2 is connected across the switch
S. The connecting wires have negligible internal resistance.

emf= 10 V

Switch S is initally open.

4.1 Write down the reading on voltmeter V2.

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Switch S is now closed. The reading on voltmeter VI is 8 V.

4.2 What is the reading on V2?
4.3 Calculate the total external resistance of the circuit. (3)

4.4 Calculate the internal resistance, r, of the battery. (5)

4.5 How will the reading on the voltmeter VI be affected if the 5 Q resistor was removed? (Choose
from: INCREASES, DECREASES or STAYS THE SAME.)

4.6 Explain your answer to Question 4.5. (3)

QUESTION 5
The battery in the circuit, represented in the diagram below, has an internal resistance r. When
switch S is closed the reading on voltmeter \./2 is 18 V and resistor R dissipates 13,5 W.

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5.1 Calculate the resistance of resistor R. (3)

5.2 Calculate the reading on the ammeter. (5)

5.3 Explain, in words, what is meant by the term internal resistance. (2)

5.4 Calculate the potential difference across the 10 Q resistor. (3)

5.5 When switch S is opened, voltmeter VI reads 45,9 V. Hence, calculate the internal
resistance of the battery. (5)
5.6 Does the external resistance in the circuit INCREASE, DECREASE or REMAIN
THE SAME when the resistor R is removed?

QUESTION 6

6.1 The circuit diagram represented below is used to investigate the relationship between the
current in and the potential difference across resistor R.

s
The results obtained are used to draw the graph below.

1 2 3 4 5 Potential difference (V)

For this investigation, write down the:

6.1 .1Dependent variable

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6.1.2 Control variable

6.1.3 Conclusion that can be drawn from the graph

The resistance of resistor R must be determined.

6.1.4 Calculate the resistance of resistor R by using the gradient of the graph. (3)

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6.2 The circuit diagram below shows a battery, with an internal resistance r,
connected to a voltmeter and two resistors, of resistances 3 Q and 5 Q
respectively. The emf of the battery is 20 V.

S
6.2.1 The emfofthe battery is 20 V. Explain the meaning of the statement. (2)

6.2.2 Write down the voltmeter reading when the switch is open.
The switch is closed and the reading on the ammeter is 6 A.
Calculate the:

6.2.3 Voltmeter reading, V

(3)
6.2.4 Internal resistance of the battery, r
(3)
The 3 Q resistor is removed from the circuit.

6.2.5 Briefly explain why the voltmeter reading increases.

(3)
[18]
ELECTRIC CIRCUITS/ELEKTRIESE STROOMBANE

emf (ε) = I(R + r)

R= V
I emk (ε) = I(R + r)
Rs = R1 +R2 + ...
1 1 1 ...
q = I ∆t
=++
Rp R1 R2

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W = Vq

W
P=
W = VI∆t
Δt

W = I2R∆t P = VI

P =I2R
W=
V2Δt
R P = V2 R

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