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Cased-Hole Wireline Services

Cased-Hole Wireline Services

Formation Evaluation

TMD-L™ Thermal Multigate Decay-Lithology


Logging Tool
The TMD-L™ tool is a new-generation pulsed-neutron
logging tool which measures the thermal neutron capture
cross-sections (sigma) of both the formation and the
borehole. The sigma parameter is a measure of the ability of
the formation to absorb thermal neutrons. Because of the
strong correlation between the open-hole resistivity log and
the sigma log, the sigma log is considered to be the cased-
hole equivalent of the conductivity log.

Using induced gamma spectroscopy and decay time


measurement, the TMD-L tool determines oil saturation in
reservoirs with high salinity. Reservoir monitoring includes
measurement of initial and current fluid contacts and
predicts how the fluids will move in the future. Accurate
monitoring of fluid movement in a producing hydrocarbon
reservoir can also yield major economic benefits through
improved recovery (such as better reservoir management,
better placement of infill wells, and break-through deferral)
HAL9138

as well as lower costs from fewer wells and reduced water and
gas handling.
Example of Gravel Pack Evaluation with Silicon Activation
The TMD-L tool differs from the competition by applying
alpha-processing which optimally combines near and far
detector responses to provide a sigma curve with the
accuracy of the far detector and the vertical resolution and
precision of the near detector.

This leading-edge detector technology results in full


spectrum monitoring for greater amounts of information,
faster logging speeds, and higher accuracy.

Applications
• Cased-hole formation evaluation
• Lithology determination
• Enhanced oil recovery monitoring
• Gas vs. tight determination
• Water-flow detection

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Features
• Larger diameter detectors to produce higher count rates • Quality indicators for monitoring tool operation and
• Recording of each detector's decay curve with 61 time algorithm performance
gates; time gates span the entire burst cycle—from build • Combinable with standard PL sensors to provide
up through decay extensive interpretation support, save time at the rig site,
• A different background measurement scheme to sample and provide special tool configurations for special
the background more frequently challenges

• Recording of gamma ray spectra for the far-spaced or • Identifies problems earlier to reduce production
near-spaced detectors during several time windows downtime

• Ability to mount gamma ray detector below the • Optimizes and verifies completions for improved
generator and running the tool inverted to facilitate production
water-flow measurements • Can help recommend remedial activities, such as further
• Simultaneous inelastic and capture spectral stimulation or conformance operations to:
measurements – Optimize production
• Modular hardware design allows custom configurations – Estimate reserves for better financial planning
• Accurate water saturation interpretation over a broad – Explore old wells for additional reserves
range of borehole conditions and porosities – Help maximize customer return on investment
• Improved interpretation to help distinguish between gas
reservoirs and low-porosity formations Associated Answer Products
• Improved repeatability, lithology determination, • SigmaSat™ sigma saturation analysis
enhanced oil recovery monitoring, and spectral water- • Chi Modeling® computation service
flow determination

TMD-L™ Thermal Multigate Decay-Lithology Logging Tool Specifications


Maximum
Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Temperature Weight
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)

18 1.6875 15,000 325 70


(5.5) (42.86) (103.4) (162.7) (31.75)

4-2 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


RMT Elite™ Reservoir Monitor Tool
The RMT Elite™ reservoir monitor tool is a unique through-
tubing carbon/oxygen (C/O) system, offering two to three
times higher measurement resolution than other through-
tubing C/O logging systems. Its high-density Bismuth
germanium oxide (BGO) detectors allow the RMT Elite tool
to achieve resolutions previously available only with larger
diameter C/O systems. As a result, the RMT Elite tool can be
used to run continuous passes in low porosity formations
where other systems can only be run in a stationary mode.
The RMT Elite tool can also be conveyed into a well with
tubing completions unlike larger C/O systems that can only
log through casing.

Utilizing induced gamma spectroscopy and decay time


measurements, this pulsed-neutron device is primarily used
to determine oil saturation in reservoirs. For reservoirs
having low, mixed, or unknown salinity-formation water, the
inelastic or C/O mode is used. For higher salinities, the
capture mode is used, producing a TMD-L™ thermal
multigate decay-lithology-type log. In addition, the RMT
Elite tool can be used in either operating mode to perform
elemental analyses from the measured spectra to identify
lithology in all types of reservoirs.

Because the RMT Elite tool is so accurate and precise, it


allows operators to achieve logging speeds two to five times
faster than competing systems.

Applications
• Discriminate formation fluid contacts
• Evaluate hydrocarbon zone saturations in fresh, mixed,
or unknown water salinity environments
• Locate water and oil zones in waterfloods where mixed
HAL5680

salinities exist between formation and flood waters


• Evaluate saturations in formations behind casings when
open-hole logs are not available RMT Elite™ Primary Log Presentation—Track 1 of the display is used for
plotting basic correlation curves. In this example the simultaneously
• Monitor steam and CO2 flood/breakthrough recorded formation sigma and the potassium yield curve (YK) are plotted.
Also plotted in the track is the oxygen activation curve (OAI), which is
• Inside/outside casing water detection
used to detect water flow. Track 2 of the log is used to display the raw
• Verify gravel pack integrity via silicon activation carbon to oxygen ratio (COIR) and the calcium to silicon ratio (LIRI).
The green shading between the curves is a quick look representation of
• Accurately determine oil and gas saturations in high hydrocarbons. Track 3 of the log displays yield curves computed from the
salinity or fresh water formations capture spectra for silicon (YSi), calcium (YCa) and hydrogen (YH).
Track 4 displays inelastic and capture near to far detector ratio curves.
• Identify bypassed reserves
These curves are used to identify gas in the formation (shaded in red).
• Pinpoint formation fluid contacts
• Identify lithologies and mineralogies

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Features
• Below-tubing and in-tubing logging capability without
sacrificing quality and accuracy
• 2.125-in. tool size allows use of a large detector and
passage through 2.875-in. tubing
• Two detectors provide a near-to-far inelastic ratio,
capture ratio, and two C/O measurements.
• Dual operating modes
– Inelastic mode—(optimized for C/O formation
measurements) C/O, elemental yields, ΣFM,
porosity from ratios, and oxygen activation
– Capture mode—(optimized for Sigma formation
measurements) ΣFM, elemental yields, porosity
from ratios, and oxygen activation
• Accurately evaluates the time-lapse performance of
hydrocarbon-producing reservoirs
• No well-kill fluids are necessary

Associated Answer Products


RMT Elite™ tool data can be used alone in postlogging
analysis, however, the addition of open-hole and cased-hole
logging data often serves to enhance analysis results. For
example, analysis options allow total and effective porosity to
be computed from open-hole or cased-hole porosity data,
TMD-L™ data, or external inputs. Also, a simple two-
porosity log cross plot option is available to improve effective
porosity estimates. Formation saturation analysis using the
RMT Elite tool and porosity data can be provided via
Halliburton’s cased-hole formation evaluation interpretation
in the following software models.
• CarbOxSat™ model oil saturation analysis using C/O
HAL5681

measurements
• SigmaSat™ model water saturation analysis using
RMT Elite™ Quality Log Presentation—Track 1 of the presentation are
capture cross section measurements (Σ)
curves that represent the accuracy of spectral gain stabilization measured
• TripleSat™ model three-phase oil, gas, and water from ratios of the iron edge (FERC) and the hydrogen peak (HPLI).
saturations using both C/O and Σ measurements Track 2 is a plot of the COIR and LIRI from the near space detector.
Track 3 is used to plot additional yield curves computed from the capture
• Chi Modeling® computation service spectra. Plotted on this example are the Iron yield (YFe) and the chlorine
yield (YCl). Tracks 4 and 5 are used to plot the total inelastic and capture
Additionally, complex lithology and mineralogy answers can
count rates for the near and far detectors. Track 6 is used to plot the
be provided by integrating RMT Elite tool elemental yield simultaneous measured near formation sigma (SGFN) and the far
data in Halliburton’s ULTRA™ multi-mineral evaluation formation sigma (SGFF).
program software.

RMT Elite™ Reservoir Monitor Tool Specifications


Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Maximum Temperature Weight
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)
14.22 2.125 15,000 325 77
(4.33) (53.975) (103.4) (163) (34.9)

4-4 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Spectra Flow™ Logging Service (SpFl)
The Spectra Flow™ logging service directly detects and
evaluates water movement behind and inside the casing of
both production and injection wells. The service is capable of
measuring water-flow direction up and down, linear flow
velocity, and volume flow rate of water moving vertically.

Water velocity measurements using spectral data are


provided with continuous logs and stationary impulse step-
down tests. Water-flow greater than 3 ft/min can be detected
and, depending on the flow volume and location,
quantitative velocities as low as 5 ft/min can be measured.
For velocities over 50 ft/min, improved accuracy is obtained
by using the more distant natural gamma ray detector. A
modular tool design allows the Spectra Flow service to be run
in combination with production logging tools. Multiple
configuration options allow the service to be tailored to the
types of flows encountered downhole.

The Spectra Flow tool is a uniquely reconfigured pulse-


neutron capture/spectral through-tubing device with a
source to detect spacing to make quantitative water-flow
measurements. The tool has two logging methods—
HAL1031

continuous logging and stationary impulse testing.

This combination of high-resolution water detection plus The above Spectra Flow™ impulse velocity test calculates accurate velocity
by measuring the time of activated water compared to nonactivated water
unique pulsed-neutron timing allows the use of the passing by Spectra Flow detectors. Velocities are calculated for the two
continuous logging method. In this method, the linear spectral measurements, the total activation measurement, and the natural
velocity of water-flow is determined from the ratio of oxygen gamma ray detector. Both simultaneous up and down flow can be
activation measured with the near and far detectors. measured. Track 3 displays the spectral measurements of activated oxygen.
Track 2 contains the gamma ray, near and far oxygen activation (OAIN
and OAIF), generator voltage, and near and far total activation
The stationary impulse method is a travel time measurement measurement (TNA and TFA) curves. Track 1 shows the water-flow
that automatically switches the neutron generator on/off and velocity curves from each of the measurements in Track 2 (VSN for OAIN,
measures the fluid velocity with respect to time. Independent VSF for OAIF, VTN for TNA, VTF for TFA, and VGR for GR).
velocities are measured for each detector. Since calibration of
the detectors is not required for measurement accuracy, this
method has better results than any other system.

Other logging techniques used to discover fluid movement


behind the casing involve measuring acoustical noise,
temperature, and radioactive tracers. Running one or a
combination of these services can be done successfully, but
the interpretation of the data is frequently not easy.

Spectra Flow logs eliminate the need to inject tracer


materials, have sufficient resolution, a deeper depth of
investigation, and appear to be more practical for detecting
low flow rates than traditional methods.

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Applications • Modular design allows tool to be configured for
• The detection and quantification of water flowing in detecting water sources from above or below; can also be
cement channels (in producing or injection wells) configured to measure both up and down water sources
simultaneously
• Identification of water-flow between tubing and casing
• Pure spectral measurement isolates only gamma rays
• Detecting water entries
produced for oxygen recording
• Detecting thief zones
• Gamma rays produced as a result of oxygen activation
• Discovering cross flow between zones are recorded spectrally, allowing elimination of all other
• Detecting leaking plugs and packers sources of gamma rays
• CO2 flow measurements • Because it measures spectrally, it can determine
Compton downscattering, allowing qualitative
Features determination of whether flow is inside or outside the
• Specially designed for quantitative water-flow pipe
measurements
Associated Answer Products
• Modified detector section for the pulsed neutron capture
• QW (Calculates water-flow rate and velocity)
tool includes source-to-detector spacing to eliminate
effects of stationary water in the borehole and/or the
formation
• Fully combinable with a complete string of production
log sensors

Spectra Flow™ Logging Service (SpFl) Specifications


Maximum
Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Temperature Weight
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)

18 1.6875 15,000 325 70


(5.5) (42.8625) (103.4) (162.8) (31.8)

4-6 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


DSN™ Dual-Spaced Neutron Tool
The DSN™ dual spaced neutron tool is a thermal neutron
tool designed to measure formation porosity from neutron-
nuclei interactions. Neutron porosity logs provide total fluid
information for use with resistivity logs and/or pulsed
neutron logs in determining formation water saturation.
They can be combined with density logs to provide an
indication of formation gas saturation and also with density
and/or sonic logs to provide indications of formation
lithology. In open holes, the DSN tool is usually combined
with the SDLT™ spectral density logging tool and the
NGRT™ natural gamma ray tool. In cased holes, the
DSN tool is usually combined with the NGRT tool and
DITS™ casing collar locator.

The DSN tool consists of an instrument section housing the


electronics, two He3 detectors, and a source sub housing an
americium-beryllium source which generates fast neutrons
that penetrate the formation at an initial energy of 4.6 MeV.
Thermal neutron tools are not as limited by the spacing and
depth of investigation problems associated with epithermal
neutron tools. Since thermal neutrons are detected, count
rates are much higher than for epithermal neutrons.
However, thermal neutron detectors are more sensitive to
lithology and are affected by borehole and formation salinity.
The dual detector method is used to compensate for these
environmental effects.
HAL1664

Applications
• Gas detection
In this DSN™ log example, the subject well was logged twice. The
• Porosity resulting near/far ratio curves and the calculated porosity curves are
overlaid to illustrate high repeatability of DSN porosity measurements.
• Lithology

Features
• Detector array contains two helium proportional
counters
• Optimized detector spacing, advanced calibration
methods, and greater counting rates
• Faster log runs
• Delineation of thin-bed formations with enhanced
vertical resolution (EVR) available in real-time or in
post-processing
• A combination of logging tools can be run to identify
lithology, reveal gas zones, and calculate shale volumes

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Associated Answer Products
• The wellsite answer product is the neutron porosity – ULTRA™ multi-mineral evaluation program
NPHI – CORAL™ complex lithology analysis
• Neutron porosity data is also used with other open-hole – LARA™ laminated reservoir analysis
sensors as input to Halliburton’s mineralogy, open-hole,
and cased-hole saturation analysis to provide a complete – SASHA™ shaly sand analysis
formation evaluation product. These include:

DSN™ Dual-Spaced Neutron Tool Specifications


Maximum
Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Temperature Weight
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)

10.25 3.63 20,000 350 196


(3.1) (92.2) (137.9) (176.7) (88.9)

4-8 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


FCMT™ Formation Compaction Monitoring Tool
The FCMT™ formation compaction monitoring tool is a
through-tubing instrument that can be run in production
wells. The tool uses multiple gamma ray detectors to
determine the location of and precise distance between
radioactive markers planted in the formation or casing.
Compaction of the formation can be measured by changes in
the distance between the markers. Vertical compaction and
the lateral displacement of markers can also be monitored
using the FCMT tool.

Applications
• Determine the location of and precise distance between
radioactive markers planted in the formation or casing
• Monitor vertical compaction and lateral displacement of
markers

Features
• Unique construction allows spacing between detectors to
be easily altered to fit the application
• Available in three-detector or four-detector arrays to
help make necessary configuration changes easy to
implement
• Measures tool temperature to correct for thermal
expansion
• Depth measurements are corrected for irregular tool
motions using a uni-axial accelerometer
HAL9762

• A pair of induction-type casing collar locators (CCLs)


provides additional compaction/depth measurements
Track 1 consists of the processed gamma ray reading from detector 1. It
shows the high spikes of the radioactive tags with the upper three tags
being placed in the formation while the lower three tags were placed in
the casing. Three different methods are used to determine spacing
between radioactive tags. The next track shows the depth of each tag
plus the distance between tags as calculated by special processing. This
processing can be extremely accurate as long as the tag placement is
close to the spacing between gamma ray detectors. The red numbers in
Track 3 indicate the average of all the different methods to calculate
distance between the tags. Track 4 is the average of all the methods less
the HES method. The last track is raw gamma ray data from the three
detectors. The tool configuration in this case consisted of three gamma
ray detectors with 1 ft spacing between the first two detectors and 30 ft
between the second and third. Distance between each detector is
corrected for temperature affects and is used in the post-processing
software.

FCMT™ Formation Compaction Monitoring Tool Specifications


Length* Diameter Maximum Pressure Maximum Temperature Weight**
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)
1.68 15,000 350
– –
(42.7) (103.4) (176.7)
* Specified by customer
** Depends on configuration

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-9


CASE™ Casing Evaluation and Inspection Software
CASE™ casing evaluation and inspection software is a series show the loss of casing wall as an increase in the pipe radius
of programs that will use data from either the rotating and a decrease in pipe thickness. This information allows us
ultrasonic tools (FASTCAST™ or CAST-V™ tools) or the to grade the pipe based on the total loss of metal, and can
multi-finger caliper tools to provide accurate casing determine if the damage is inside/outside or a combination
evaluation. When the ultrasonic data is recorded in the of both for the casing in question. These grades are based on
casing mode, CASE software provides precise casing ID and industry standards or can be adjusted based on customer
thickness presentations that allow easy interpretation of requirements.
casing damage. When the ultrasonic data is acquired in the
image mode or with multi-finger caliper tools, CASE The final program in this family is the CASE_JOINT
software provides a detailed interpretation of the interior program that finds, counts, and displays data based on each
casing damage. joint. For casing evaluation, collars provide problems with
the standard casing analysis logs. There are usually gaps
With both the FASTCAST and CAST-V tools in the image between adjacent joints, additional metal in the collars, and
mode, they can be used to monitor wear on the inner surface possible damage near the collars from when the joints were
of the casing string. Its high vertical and horizontal made up. This program will determine the joint makeup
resolutions nearly eliminate the chance of missing flaws in a point, and allow determination of both joint and collar
string of pipe, thus preventing possible long-term problems. damage based on the grading used in CASE software.

In the cased-hole mode, the ultrasonic tools provide accurate The CHIME program combines all these programs and also
casing ID and casing thickness measurements. With these has the ability to provide graphical displays of damage from
two measurements, it is possible to determine the total both the ultrasonic and caliper tools. In addition, the CASE
damage to the casing and proportionate it to either inside programs generate both spreadsheets and text files that list
casing wear, outside casing corrosion, or a combination of minimum, maximum, and average values of both the
the two. internal radius and the thickness of the casing not only on a
joint-by-joint listing but also as a depth-by-depth listing.
The CASE software family provides detailed information on These files will allow continuous monitoring and
the condition of the casing, preventing minor problems from comparisons of casing wear throughout the life of the well.
becoming major problems. The software consists of several
different programs to provide the best possible interpretation Features
of casing damage. • Delivers a more reliable indication of casing condition
• Works with existing logging procedures for FASTCAST,
With both ultrasonic and caliper data, slight tool eccentering
CAST-V, and MIT tool data
problems will lead to an inaccurate analysis. Spiral or
patterns similar to a barbershop pole are indications of • Improves casing evaluation for both inner and outer
eccentricity problems, not necessarily casing wear. The defects
program HoleShape corrects the travel time data for tool • Corrects for tool eccentricity thus helping to distinguish
eccentering. The correction increases the detail of the travel even minute casing problems
time image leading to an improved visual interpretation of
• Log presentations can be customized to meet the specific
casing defects.
requests or needs. Presentations include raw data,
segmented curves, and images, including 3D displays
The CASE program will use the corrected travel time, the
pipe thickness, and fluid travel time to evaluate the casing • Joint and depth listings of defects allow easy input into
condition and determine the percent of casing wear. With other programs or a simple method to monitor known
this program, the results are presented both calculated and casing deformities
normalized for each size and weight of the casing present. If
the casing is perfect (no damage in radius or thickness), then Health, Safety, and Environmental
the normalized radius and thickness measurements will be • Helps customers to monitor and prevent catastrophic
zero. If the casing has internal corrosion, the radius casing problems
measurement will be larger than the known, and the • Proper CASE software usage allows monitoring of casing
thickness will be smaller. Therefore, the normalized data will erosion / corrosion / rectification

4-10 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Y000

Y030

Y030

Y050

This CASE™ processed log effortlessly shows where a packer was set and did not release properly. The metal was peeled up when the packer was pulled,
which is highlighted by the green stripe box in the depth track. This zone is expanded on the log on the left. Track 1 provides gamma ray for correlation
along with eccentricity and ovality. Eccentricity consists of tool and casing eccentricity, while ovality measures casing ovality. INTDAMG is the percent
of pipe wear on a scale from 0 to 50 percent. The AVRAD is the average radius calculated from the 200 radius measurements from the CAST-V™ tool.
Track 2 is the amplitude of the first arrival and can be used to visually indicate casing damage. Track 3 is an eccentricity corrected travel time for the first
arrival. This will be used in determining casing ID or radius. Track 4 shows the minimum, maximum, and average of the normalized pipe radius
PRADN. The normalized pipe radius is shown in Track 5 where red is showing the packer damage and blue is showing metal buildup from the packer
damage. The last track shows the pipe grading where the damage is color coded with the following percentages: white< 20%<green<40%<yellow<60%
<red<80% and black > 80% damage. This allows an easy indication of pipe wear. The images below were generated from CHIME showing the casing
damage in 3D view.

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-11


Through Casing Acoustic Services

WaveSonic® Tool
The WaveSonic® crossed dipole sonic tool provides
simultaneous monopole, XX dipole, and YY dipole sonic
measurements. The dipole flexural wave propagation allows
for the measurement of shear wave slowness in virtually all
formation conditions. The compressional P-wave slowness,
refracted shear wave slowness, and Stoneley wave properties
are obtained from the monopole data. The shear wave
slowness in two orthogonal directions can be obtained in
real- time from the XX and YY dipole data. The WaveSonic
tool is combinable with all standard open and cased-hole
tool services. The WaveSonic tool requires a liquid filled
borehole and can be used in fresh water, salt water, or oil
based mud systems. The robust mechanical design of this
tool allows for drillpipe conveyed logging, and it is not
limited to the bottom of the toolstring. A hostile WaveSonic®
version is available for high temperature and high pressures
applications.

The shear wave slowness in the XX and YY directions and the


monopole P-wave slowness are the basic well site
deliverables. The tool has 32 broadband receivers, arranged
in eight rings of four receivers, to provide high-quality
waveform data. The tool provides 96 waveforms (32
monopole, 32 YY dipole, and 32 XX dipole) for each firing
cycle, which are recorded by the surface system. The fast and
slow shear wave travel times are obtained with advanced
waveform processing methods in Halliburton's Reservoir
Evaluation Services centers, strategically located throughout
Natural gamma ray and caliper are presented in Track 1. Semblance
the world. quality data is presented in the depth track. The dipole X travel time,
dipole Y travel time, and monopole P-wave travel time are presented in
From the fast and slow shear wave travel times, and their Track 2. Monopole semblance with the compressive wave slowness
orientation in the formation, the minimum and maximum overlaid on the semblance image are presented in Track 3. The dipole X
semblance with the XX shear wave slowness overlaid on the semblance
principal stresses and stress field orientation can be obtained
image are presented in Track 4. The dipole Y semblance with the YY
by combining oriented slowness data with overburden and shear wave slowness overlaid on the semblance image are presented in
analysis, wellbore stability, and production enhancement Track 5.
treatment design.

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Sonic anisotropy analysis provides the fast and slow shear • Broadband eight-level, quad receiver array for high-
wave travel times as a simultaneous solution of 64 quality waveform data
waveforms(32 XX and 32 YY). Anisotropy and its orientation • All 96 waveforms for each set of transmitter firings are
can be used to determine the minimum horizontal stress and recorded at the surface for advanced waveform
the orientation of natural fractures. The sonic attributes of processing techniques
slowness, amplitude and frequency content can be used for
identification of fractures and compressive fluids and to • Combinable with all open-hole tools, including MRIL®
measure various geomechanical properties. The fast and slow and RDT™ tools and services
shear wave travel times and their orientation, combined with
P-wave slowness, allows for better 3D seismic analysis. Associated Answer Products
• Shear slowness anisotropy analysis
Applications • RockXpert2™ sand production and fracture strength
• Determine fast and slow wave travel times and analysis
orientation in the formation • FracXpert™ fracture stimulation zoning analysis pore
• Calculate minimum and maximum principal stresses pressure data information is vital for geo-mechanical
and stress field orientation • Instantaneous waveform attributes
• Porosity estimation • Stoneley derived permeability
• Fracture identification • Stoneley reflection analysis
• Permeability (mobility) estimation • Formation stress, borehole stability and sanding
• AVO calibration potential
• Synthetic seismogram

Features
• Programmable-frequency sources to minimize effects of
near-wellbore alteration
WaveSonic® Tool Specifications
Maximum
Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Temperature Weight
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)

34.0 3.63 20,000 350 520


(10.3) (92.2) (137.9) (176.7) (236.3)

Hostile WaveSonic® Tool Specifications


Maximum
Tool Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Temperature Weight
Version ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)

20 KPSI 40.9 3.13 20,000 500 595


Tool (12.4) (79.4) (137.9) (260.0) (269.9)
30 KPSI 40.9 3.13 30,000 500 720
Tool (12.4) (79.4) (206.8) (260.0) (326.6)

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-13


FWS™ Full Wave Sonic Tool
The FWS™ tool provides compressional wave, refracted
shear wave, and Stoneley wave properties of downhole
formations for a wide range of petrophysical, geological, and
geophysical applications. To minimize the number of logging
trips required for complete formation evaluation, the FWS
tool is compatible with all DITS™ logging tool strings. A
liquid-filled borehole is required for sonic logging and can be
used in fresh water, salt water, or oil-based mud systems.

The long transmitter-to-receiver offset allows for the


acquisition of borehole sonic data beyond the effects of any
near-wellbore altered region. This long offset also allows for
the acquisition of high-quality sonic data in enlarged
boreholes where critical angle effects would affect sonic tools
with short transmitter-to-receiver offsets.

The information obtained from the FWS tool is plotted in


three separate log presentations:
• Slowness presentation – compressional slowness and
refracted shear slowness, velocity ratio, and time-depth
integration of the compressional and shear travel times,
HAL9170

and other logging data such as gamma ray and caliper


• Quality presentation – indicators which establish The natural gamma ray, X-X caliper, Y-Y caliper, P-wave travel time and
confidence levels for the slowness processing, including P-wave semblance quality are presented in Track 1. The monopole
compressional slowness and semblance coherency and waveform data is presented in Track 2 in the MicroSeismogram™ format
refracted shear and semblance quality gain curves for (X-Z) and in an X-Y waveform presentation in Track 3.
each receiver
• Waveform presentation – waveforms from all four
receivers can be presented. Gain curves reflecting the
gain applied to the waveform by the automatic gain
control (AGC) circuit, and correlation curves, including
gamma ray and caliper information
The FWS tool can be run in the cased-hole environment to
obtain sonic properties through casing. Acoustic coupling of
the pipe-to-formation is required for cased-hole
applications.

Applications
• Identify wave properties of downhole formations
• Acquisition of borehole sonic data

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Features
• Long transmitter-to-receiver offsets and 1 ft • Lithology identification by means of velocity ratio, Δts/
receiver-to-receiver spacings Δtc, and location of gas zones, even in poor hole
• Detection of signals at all receivers for each transmitter conditions and cased holes
pulse ensures constant source characteristics • Indication of permeability variations with depth from
• Automatic gain control of each receiver preserves signal Stoneley wave attenuation and slowness
amplitude • Detection of naturally fractured zones, determination of
• Downhole digitizing helps eliminate transmission noise rock elastic constants, and estimation of formation
and allows broadband frequency response strength and least horizontal stress

• Low-frequency response allows detection of low • Prediction of vertical extent of hydraulic fractures
frequency Stoneley waves and multiple Δt measurements • Improved vertical resolution for detection of thinner
per depth interval beds (Beds as thin as 3 in. can be identified with the t
• Continuous uninterrupted recording of full waveform curves)
signals • Calculates sonic porosity from P-wave slowness and can
• Records various types of information including tool determine secondary porosity by combining sonic
data, quality curves, and final results porosity with neutron and density porosity data

• Operator-selectable multiple modes of tool operation, • Time-to-depth correlation for seismic correlation
digitally recorded waveform data, and improved porosity • Combining sonic slowness data with formation density
estimates using both Δtc and Δts data is the required input information needed for
synthetic seismograms

FWS™ Full Wave Sonic Tool Specifications


Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Maximum Temperature Weight
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)
28.6 3.625 20,000 350 460
(8.7) (92.1) (137.9) (176.7) (208.7)

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-15


HFWS™ Hostile Full Wave Sonic Tool
The HFWS™ tool is a 2.75-in. acoustic velocity logging tool
that is a part of the HEAT™ suite hostile environment
applications tool toolstring. The HFWS tool, along with all of
the HEAT suite sensors, have a pressure rating of 25,000 psi
(172 400 kPa). The HEAT suite logging tools are designed for
continuous operation of six hours at 500°F (260°C).

The HFWS tool, like the larger in diameter (3.625-in.)


FWS™ full wave sonic tool, provides compressional wave,
refracted shear wave, and Stoneley wave properties of
downhole formations for a wide range of petrophysical,
geological, and geophysical applications. To minimize the
number of logging trips required for complete formation
evaluation, the HFWS tool is compatible with all HEAT suite
logging toolstrings. A liquid filled borehole is required for
sonic logging, and can be used in fresh water, salt water, or
oil-based mud systems.

The HFWS tool can be compared to having two sonic tools


within the same toolstring—a long-spaced sonic tool for
traditional full waveform open-hole sonic logging, and
located within the transmitter-to-receiver offset, a cement
bond tool that utilizes the second transmitter and two
receivers. The upper transmitter and the lower four receivers
HAL9171

array are utilized for full wave sonic logging. The lower
(second) transmitter and the upper two receivers are utilized
for cement bond logging and short, offset compressional The natural gamma ray, X-X caliper, Y-Y caliper, P-wave travel time and
wave travel time. The long transmitter-to-receiver offset P-wave semblance quality are presented in Track 1. The monopole
allows for the acquisition of borehole sonic data beyond the waveform data is presented in Track 2 in the MicroSeismogram™ format
effects of any near-wellbore altered region. The long offset (X-Z) and in an X-Y waveform presentation in Track 3.
also allows for the acquisition of high-quality sonic data in
enlarged boreholes where critical angle effects would affect
sonic tools with short transmitter-to-receiver offsets.

Applications
• Full waveform open-hole sonic logging
• Cement bond logging
• Acquisition of borehole sonic data

4-16 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Features
• Advanced system design and software processing with
long transmitter-to-receiver offsets and 1/2 ft receiver-to-
receiver spacings
• Detection of signals at all receivers for each transmitter
pulse to promote constant source characteristics
• Automatic gain control of each receiver helps preserve
signal amplitude
• Downhole digitizing helps eliminate transmission noise
and allows broadband frequency response
• Low-frequency response allows detection of low
frequency Stoneley waves and multiple Δt measurements
per depth interval
• Facilitates continuous uninterrupted recording of full
waveform signals

HAL9172
• Ability to record various types of information including
tool data, quality curves, and final results
Gamma ray and caliper are presented in Track 1, compressional wave
• Operator-selectable multiple modes of tool operation, travel time (DTC) is presented in Track 4, and the P-wave semblance
digitally recorded waveform data, and improved porosity quality is presented in Track 3.
estimates using both Δtc and Δts
• Facilitates lithology identification by means of velocity
ratio, Δts/Δtc, and location of gas zones, even in poor
hole conditions and cased holes
• Indication of permeability variations with depth from
Stoneley wave attenuation and Δt
• Detection of naturally fractured zones, determination of
rock elastic constants, and estimation of formation
strength and least horizontal stress
• Prediction of vertical extent of hydraulic fractures using
the RockXpert2™ analysis package
• Improved vertical resolution for detection of thinner
beds (Beds as thin as 3-in. can be identified with the
t curves)
• Time-to-depth correlation for seismic correlation
HAL9173

• Combining sonic slowness data with formation density


data are the required input information for synthetic
seismograms This is a hard rock example. Natural gamma ray, caliper, and VpVs
are presented in Track 1. The P-wave travel time and the refracted
shear wave travel time are presented in Track 2. The semblance
quality is presented in an image format in Track 3 for the P-wave
and refracted shear wave.

HFWS™ Hostile Full Wave Sonic Specifications


Length* Diameter Maximum Pressure Maximum Temperature** Weight
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)
30.2 2.75 25,000 500 340
(9.2) (69.9) (172.4) (260) (154.2)
* Add 3.50 ft (1.1 m) for each in-line centralizer (usually two).
**6 hour

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-17


Production Logging

Production Logging Tools


A wide range of production logging tools for use in all type of
downhole environments are available:
• Production logging tools for vertical, deviated, and
horizontal wells
• Full range of sensors and running hardware for memory
and electric line PL logging

Applications
• Flow rate measurements – continuous flowmeters,
basket flowmeters, fullbore flowmeters, spinner array
tool (SAT)
• Fluid identification / flow composition tools – gas
HAL9253
holdup, capacitance water holdup, radioactive fluid
density, differential pressure density, capacitance array
• Flow condition / well diagnostic tools – pressure, This example provides a display of typical production logging tool data.
For a complete interpretation temperature, pressure, holdup, and fluid
temperature, X-Y caliper, inclinometer
velocity readings are necessary. Track 1 consists of the gamma ray (GR1),
• Correlation tools – gamma ray, casing collar locator pressure (PR1), and temperature (TEMP1). The pressure data shows that
this well has not achieved a steady production rate at this time. Tracks 2
through 4 provide data concerning the fluid holdup as measured by the
Memory Production Logging
CAT™ tool, radioactive fluid density, and fluid capacitance tool. Tracks 5
The memory production logging string is normally deployed and 6 provide information about the fluid movement and cable speed.
on slickline or coiled tubing. Simultaneous telemetry Track 2 consists of the average capacitance reading from four different
transmits the signals from standard sensors to a battery passes of the CAT tool. Higher readings indicate hydrocarbons while water
powered memory tool at the top of the toolstring. The is around 450 counts or the right side of the track. Track 3 is the fluid
density from four passes of the radioactive fluid density tool. Likewise,
memory tool is programmed using a computer and Track 4 consists of four passes of the fluid capacitance tool where low
interfaces to record log values with intervals as short as 0.1 counts indicate water while the higher counts indicate hydrocarbons.
seconds or as long as many hours between readings. Track 5 consists of four passes of the continuous spinner with pass 1 and 2
showing a nonsteady state. Track 6 shows the speed of the tool, and since
Once the logging operation is complete, the procedure for the well was logged with a coiled tubing the two speeds are about 30 fpm
down and 20 fpm up.
merging the log-time and depth-time data is rapid.

Electric Line Production Logging


Using a computerized LOGIQ™-CH system, calibration,
recording, and printing of well logs can be done in real time.
When operating in this mode, the downhole telemetry
transfers data from the toolstring to the surface system via
electric line.

4-18 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Features • Greater consistency of data sets as a result of using the
• Great selection of flowmeter types and sizes, including same sensors for electric line and memory operations
the SAT tool for deviated or horizontal wells • Faster telemetry, accurate, safe, reliable operations
• High sensitivity and low threshold velocity flowmeters • The same telemetry platform is used to run production
• Standard and compact tool sizes logging tools with casing inspection and/or pulse
neutron tools, either sequentially in one trip in the hole
• Multiple logging sensors in one string. All PL sensors can
or simultaneously if required
run simultaneously except the bottom only tools
• Advanced sensors such as the GHT™ gas holdup tool, Associated Answer Products
CAT™ capacitance array tool, and spinner array tool • Hard copy log of multiple sensor measurements
(SAT) for horizontal and undulating wells
• Wellsite production log analysis
• Conveyance flexibility – toolstring can be deployed on
electric line, slickline, coiled tubing, or drillpipe • Advanced production log analysis at Applied Formation
Evaluation Centers

Production Logging Tools Specifications Summary


Tool
PL Tool Length Weight
Category Tool Type in. (mm) Range of Measurement Resolution Accuracy lb (kg) Others
Casing Collar 18.5 12.1 Acquisition time:
Locator (470) (5.5) 1 sec typical
Correlation Sensitivity
Production Gamma 23.1 9.4 Sensitivity:
Threshold
Ray (586) (4.25) 1 counts/API
20 keV approx.
0.1 in. <150°C;
37.5 14.5
Dual Caliper 2 to 9 in. 0.015 in. 0.2 in. <165°C;
(953) (6.6)
0.3 in. <177°C
Flow Quartz Pressure 19.01 0.008 psi and 8.8 Linearity
0 to 15,000 psi 0.02% FS
Condition / Gauge (483) <0.005°C (4) <0.01% FS
Well Fast Response
Diagnostic 12.5 0.006°F 10 Response time
Platinum Resistance 50 to 350°F (10 to 177°C) 0.9°F (0.5°C)
(318) (0.003°C) (4.5) <0.5 sec
Thermometer
Inclinometer 10.7
+2 g to -1 g 0.004 g 0.01 g
Accelerometer (272)
Enhanced
26.2 0.1% external ±1.0% for Yw 10
Capacitance Water Yw 0 to 100% best Yw<40%
(665) limitation < 40% (4.5)
Holdup Tool
Radioactive Fluid 22.9 9.6
0 to 1.25 g/cc 0.01 g/cc ± 0.03 g/cc
Density Tool (582) (4.3)
Differential Pressure 51.9 Max well angle
0 to 1.5 g/cc 0.001 g/cc ± 0.03 g/cc
Fluid Fluid Density Tool (1318) 70°
Identification 12 miniature
Capacitance Array 51.43 See details under flow imager, 12 capacitance sensors in 360° with 17.3
capacitance
Tool (1306) RB information (7.8)
sensor
0 to 100% gas holdup within
24 2.9 to 9.9 in. pipe 8
Gas Holdup Tool 1% ± 3% 1 sec typical
(610) (3 1/2 in. 9.2 lb/ft and 10 3/4 in. (3.6)
51 lb/ft)

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-19


Production Logging Tools Specifications Summary
Tool
PL Tool Length Weight
Category Tool Type in. (mm) Range of Measurement Resolution Accuracy lb (kg) Others
Threshold Spinner shroud
Inline Spinner 21 10.6
Max fluid velocity 3,450 ft/min approx 8 ft/min 10 pulses/rev OD 1 11/16,
Flowmeter (533) (4.8)
in water 2 1/8, 3 1/8 in.
3.5
Threshold Spinner shroud
Continuous Spinner (1.6)
Max fluid velocity 2,000 ft/min approx 5 ft/min 10 pulses/rev OD 1 11/16,
Flowmeter (Bearing) mechanical
in water 2 1/8, 3 1/8 in.
section only
3.5
Threshold Spinner shroud
Continuous Spinner 9 (1.6)
Max fluid velocity 3,450 ft/min approx 5 ft/min 10 pulses/rev OD 1 11/16,
Flowmeter (Jeweled) (229) mechanical
in water 2 1/8, 3 1/8 in.
section only
Available for
1.7 ft/min approx
Caged Full Bore 500 ft/min (2.54 m/s), 28,250 BPD different casing
34.9 (0.01m/s), 10
Flowmeter in 7-in. casing; with solid shaft tool 10 pulses/rev size
Flowmeter (886) 100 BPD in 7-in. (4.5)
3 Arm can work up to 1,200 ft/min 4 1/2 to 9 5/8 in.
casing
(114 to 244 mm)
Available for
1.7 ft/min approx
Caged Full Bore 500 ft/min (2.54 m/s), 28,250 BPD different casing
34.9 (0.01m/s), 10
Flowmeter in 7-in. casing; with solid shaft tool 10 pulses/rev size
(886) 100 BPD in (4.5)
6 Arm can work up to 1,200 ft/min 4 1/2 to 9 5/8 in.
7-in. casing
(114 to 244 mm)
Minimum 6-8 m3 per day. Maximum Threshold
70.7 3 1/2 to 9 5/8 in.
Diverter Flowmeter approx. 400 m3/d (6 psi drop approx 8 ft/min 10 pulses/rev
(1796) (90 to 244 mm)
~120 lb uplift in 5 1/2-in. casing) in water
6 miniature
46 12 ft/min in 3/8-in. spinner Approx 15 spinner equi-
Spinner Array Tool 3 1/2 to 7-in. casing
(1168) water 3 pulses/rev (6.8) spaced around
circumference
Quartz Pressure 19.01 8.8
Same as quartz pressure gauge and CCL individual tools
CCL (483) (4.0)
Approx.
Combination 18.5 Approx 5.4
Tool Capacitance / (470) Same as capacitance / temperature flow individual tool. Flowmeter (2.5)
Temperature / Flow w/o flow mechanical section can be any type of continuous or full bore flowmeter. w/o flow
mech mech section
section
22.8 Hysteresis Temperature 10 Repeatability
Head Tension Unit -400 kg (compr.) to +1000 kg
(580) 5% FS Drift 5% FS (4.5) ±2% FS
Different roller centralizers are available with 3 or 4 arms with single or double rollers in each arm. Also have different
Roller Centralizer
centralization force as per operational requirement. Approx Length - 33.25 in. (845 mm) and weight around 12 lb.
Deployment Different compact spring bows are available with 3 to 6 springs. Also have different centralization force as per
Spring Centralizer
Tools operational requirement. Approx Length - 28 in. (711 mm) and weight around 10 lb.
This is a monoconductor swivel joint which allows free rotation between the upper and lower heads while maintaining
Swivel
electrical continuity through the tool. Different sizes available, Approx Length - 11 in. (280 mm) and weight 4 lb.
7 Ball type knuckle for deployment in 3.5
Knuckle Joints
(178) deviated well (1.6)
1. Tools specified have nominal OD of 1 1//16 in. Tools with OD of 1 3/8 in. are also available.
2. All tools have maximum pressure rating of 15,000 psi and maximum temperature rating of 350°F or 177°C. For higher pressure or higher temperature tools
contact your local Halliburton representative.
3. Telemetry is very high speed capable of running 62 tools in combination (virtually no limit on tool combination for telemetry).

4-20 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


FloImager® Service
The FloImager® service provides three-phase holdup
calculations using data from the CAT™ capacitance array
tool. This service is extremely useful in highly deviated and
horizontal wells having multiphase flow. Applications for
detecting three-phase fluid entry can be done at any angle.

The CAT tool is an electric line, tractor, or coiled tubing


conveyed production logging instrument developed in
partnership with Sondex. It consists of an array of 12 micro-
capacitance sensors which are radially distributed in the
wellbore to accurately measure fluid holdup. This holdup
measurement is fullbore. Consequently, tool position does
not affect the readings in horizontal wells as would be the
case with a center sample device.

The CAT tool is uniquely versatile in that sensors are


distributed across 12 bow springs, allowing cross-sectional
measurements in tubing and in casing, logging up or logging
down. This process can be repeated as often as necessary.
Readings can also be taken with the tool stationary at any
depth. The CAT tool can be run in combination with the
spinner array tool (SAT), reservoir monitoring tools, and
other conventional production logging sensors.

Applications
• Detect water entry and its orientation relative to the high
side of the pipe in any well deviation
HAL9135

• Successfully show three-phase fluid segregation since


each fluid has its own log response
Track 1 consists of a gamma ray (GR), relative bearing (RB), temperature
• Provide an accurate visualization of the undulating (TEMP), pressure (PRES), and continuous spinner (FCON). RB is the
horizontal wellbore when TVD data is combined with relative bearing for arm 1 of the CAT™ tool and allows arm position
CAT tool data relative to the high side of the hole to be determined. Track 2 provides the
image of the flow as measured by the CAT tool. The image is positioned so
• Allows a complete three-phase analysis by combining the that the high sides are on the left and right side of the track while the
calculated fluid holdup with additional PL sensors middle is on the low side. Since this is a horizontal well, it should be
• Improve interpretation of flow patterns in all wells due to apparent that the heavier fluids should be on the bottom and lighter fluids
should be on the top of the well. Track 3 shows the average of the 12
the increased number of sensors at the same depth. Since sensors (AVCAPN) along with the two center sample holdup
the relative position of the CAT tool is known at all measurements fluid density (FDEN) and Hydro tool (HYDR). Track 4
times, the images and logs are corrected to the high side provides a cross-sectional view of the data in Track 2. The right side of the
of the hole, allowing accurate holdups to be determined image is high side while the left is on the bottom. Additionally two holdup
curves are shown, water (YWE) and gas (YGE). These holdups are also
presented in the last track. This presentation allows quick method of
determine fluid contacts and provide an accurate calculation of the fluid
compositions.

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-21


Features Associated Answer Products
• Makes both vertical and cross-sectional images available • Production logging analysis (PLA)
• Valuable data can be obtained in deviated or horizontal • FloImager® 3D imaging product, CD-based 3D viewer
wells when run in combination with traditional PL • Reliable water holdup measurements in highly deviated
sensors. Running the SAT tool in combination allows a and horizontal wellbores
complete analysis regardless of well geometry
• Permits more accurate three-phase holdups
• Shows images in all types of stratified flow
• Has unsurpassed responses in both deviated and
horizontal wellbores
• Can produce video-like images of the fluid distribution
across the borehole with further processing

FloImager® Service Specifications


Maximum
Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Temperature Weight
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)
4.63 1.69 15,000 350 17.3
(1.4) (42.9) (103.4) (176.7) (7.8)

4-22 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


GHT™ Gas Holdup Tool
Representing a major improvement over center sample
production logging tools for horizontal and highly deviated
wells, the GHT™ gas holdup tool is a unique tool that
directly and accurately determines the volumetric fraction of
gas over a cross-sectional volume element of the wellbore.
This instrument operates in horizontal, highly deviated, and
vertical cased wells in any flow regime. It measures gas
holdup directly and with greater accuracy using real-time
downhole pressure and temperature, casing ID, and gas
gravity measurements to generate a 0% to 100% gas holdup
log in stratified or homogenized flows.

The superior information provided by the GHT tool


mitigates against the ambiguities that an interpreter of
conventional production logs sometimes encounters.

Applications
• Fast, accurate flow analysis
HAL9226

• Highly deviated horizontal and vertical cased wells


• Reservoir evaluation
GHT™ tool and data in a vertical low-velocity well with multiple flow
Features patterns. Track 1 consists of gamma ray, temperature, and pressure. Since
GHT data is corrected for PVT relationships, it is extremely important to
• Determines gas holdup, independent of flow patterns or have these temperature and pressure sensors run in combination with
wellbore angles GHT tool. Tracks 2 and 3 show the wellbore diagram consisting of
• Provides an improved true fullbore measurement formation, cement, casing, and perforations. Track 4 highlights the
comparison of calculated gas holdups between the fluid density tool and
• Helps identify water entry in gas wells the GHT tool. Track 5 shows the raw fluid density data. The raw GHT tool
count rates are presented in Track 6. The last track provides the spinner
• Converts a complex three-phase flow analysis into a data indicating fluid movement.
simple dual-phase analysis
• Improve understanding of actual downhole flow
conditions in wells producing gas
• Real-time gas holdup measurements expedite the
evaluation of well production
• Helps avoid costly errors in judgment based on
inaccurate flow analysis

GHT™ Gas Holdup Tool Specifications


Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Maximum Temperature Weight
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)
2 1.687 15,000 350 10.8
(0.6) (42.8) (103.4) (176.7) (4.9)

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-23


MPL™ Memory Production Logging Tool
MPL™ memory production logging is a system where
slickline, conventional coiled tubing, or drillpipe conveyed
tools acquire data without the need for electric line.
The MPL system is comprised of the downhole data
acquisition system, which includes memory production
logging tools recording time-based data to the memory
section. The standard memory section has 128 MB of
memory and can be extended up to 1 GB of memory. It can
run 62 tools at the same time. This new memory system can
log production logging tools with casing or cement
evaluation tools if required. It also includes the surface data
acquisition system, comprising a depth and time recorder
which records both time (from an internal clock) and depth
pulses from a low current optical encoder. The unit can also
be configured to record weight, tension, and other surface
inputs. The Advanced Measurement System (AMS) can be
included, comprising depth, time, weight, tension, and
casing collar locator recording and a job log. Some sample
HAL964

capacities are shown below.


This memory production log was obtained for an operator looking to cut
Time Interval
sec/sample 8.0 MB 4.0 MB
high water production in a formation with a three-phase downhole flow
regime. The MPL™ service captures logging data on a memory recorder.
0.1 15 hours 7.5 hours The data is equal in quality to data obtained with electric line services.

0.5 70 hours 35 hours

1.0 120 hours 60 hours

Times given assume 6 PL tools and quartz pressure.


Times are calculated to the nearest whole hour.
Sample capacities might be limited by battery type.
4 MB tool all 12 ch sampling at 1sec = 49.5 hours.

Applications
• Downhole well problem diagnostics
• Production/injection profiles
• Treatment (stimulation) evaluation
• Multiple rate production logs
• Fall off tests
• Reservoir information
• Data for reservoir simulation
HAL965

Computing center analysis of the MPL™ data reveals that the bottom set
of perforations is producing mostly water and only 2% of the total oil
production and 6% of the gas. Remedial work to plug off the bottom zone
should decrease water production and reduce water disposal costs without
greatly affecting hydrocarbon production.

4-24 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Features
• Highly portable and easily deployed and can also be • Utilization of slickline simplifies the pressure control
deployed on electric line if slickline is not available equipment
• Utilizes the same conventional sensors as the standard • Very high memory enabling combination of production
electric line toolstring providing data of the same logging tools with casing or cement evaluation tools like
accuracy and resolution MIT/MTT or CBL/RCBL tools
• Can be deployed with coiled tubing in highly deviated or
horizontal wells. Suitable for offshore locations where Associated Answer Products
there are limitations in space, weight-lifting capacity, and • Raw data hard copy log
height restrictions • Production log analysis, an AFE analyzed hardcopy log

MPL™ Memory Production Logging Tools Specifications Summary


Tool
PL Tool Length Weight
Category Tool Type in. (mm) Range of Measurement Resolution Accuracy lb (kg) Others
Casing Collar 18.5 12.1 Acquisition time:
Locator (470) (5.5) 1 sec typical
Correlation Sensitivity
Production Gamma 23.1 9.4 Sensitivity:
Threshold
Ray (586) (4.25) 1 counts/API
20 keV approx.
0.1 in. <150°C;
37.5 14.5
Dual Caliper 2 to 9 in. 0.015 in. 0.2 in. <165°C;
(953) (6.6)
0.3 in. <177°C
Flow Quartz Pressure 19.01 0.008 psi and 8.8 Linearity
0 to 15,000 psi 0.02% FS
Condition / Gauge (483) <0.005°C (4) <0.01% FS
Well Fast Response
Diagnostic 12.5 0.006°F 10 Response time
Platinum Resistance 50 to 350°F (10 to 177°C) 0.9°F (0.5°C)
(318) (0.003°C) (4.5) <0.5 sec
Thermometer
Inclinometer 10.7
+2 g to -1 g 0.004 g 0.01 g
Accelerometer (272)
Enhanced
26.2 0.1% external ±1.0% for Yw 10
Capacitance Water Yw 0 to 100% best Yw<40%
(665) limitation < 40% (4.5)
Holdup Tool
Radioactive Fluid 22.9 9.6
0 to 1.25 g/cc 0.01 g/cc ± 0.03 g/cc
Density Tool (582) (4.3)
Differential Pressure 51.9 Max well angle
0 to 1.5 g/cc 0.001 g/cc ± 0.03 g/cc
Fluid Fluid Density Tool (1318) 70°
Identification 12 miniature
Capacitance Array 51.43 See details under flow imager, 12 capacitance sensors in 360° with 17.3
capacitance
Tool (1306) RB information (7.8)
sensor
0 to 100% gas holdup within
24 2.9 to 9.9 in. pipe 8
Gas Holdup Tool 1% ± 3% 1 sec typical
(610) (3 1/2 in. 9.2 lb/ft and 10 3/4 in. (3.6)
51 lb/ft)

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-25


MPL™ Memory Production Logging Tools Specifications Summary
Tool
PL Tool Length Weight
Category Tool Type in. (mm) Range of Measurement Resolution Accuracy lb (kg) Others
Threshold Spinner shroud
Inline Spinner 21 10.6
Max fluid velocity 3,450 ft/min approx 8 ft/min 10 pulses/rev OD 1 11/16,
Flowmeter (533) (4.8)
in water 2 1/8, 3 1/8 in.
3.5
Threshold Spinner shroud
Continuous Spinner (1.6)
Max fluid velocity 2,000 ft/min approx 5 ft/min 10 pulses/rev OD 1 11/16,
Flowmeter (Bearing) mechanical
in water 2 1/8, 3 1/8 in.
section only
3.5
Threshold Spinner shroud
Continuous Spinner 9 (1.6)
Max fluid velocity 3,450 ft/min approx 5 ft/min 10 pulses/rev OD 1 11/16,
Flowmeter (Jeweled) (229) mechanical
in water 2 1/8, 3 1/8 in.
section only
Available for
1.7 ft/min approx
Caged Full Bore 500 ft/min (2.54 m/s), 28,250 BPD different casing
34.9 (0.01m/s), 10
Flowmeter in 7-in. casing; with solid shaft tool 10 pulses/rev size
Flowmeter (886) 100 BPD in 7-in. (4.5)
3 Arm can work up to 1,200 ft/min 4 1/2 to 9 5/8 in.
casing
(114 to 244 mm)
Available for
1.7 ft/min approx
Caged Full Bore 500 ft/min (2.54 m/s), 28,250 BPD different casing
34.9 (0.01m/s), 10
Flowmeter in 7-in. casing; with solid shaft tool 10 pulses/rev size
(886) 100 BPD in (4.5)
6 Arm can work up to 1,200 ft/min 4 1/2 to 9 5/8 in.
7-in. casing
(114 to 244 mm)
Minimum 6-8 m3 per day. Maximum Threshold
70.7 3 1/2 to 9 5/8 in.
Diverter Flowmeter approx. 400 m3/d (6 psi drop approx 8 ft/min 10 pulses/rev
(1796) (90 to 244 mm)
~120 lb uplift in 5 1/2-in. casing) in water
6 miniature
46 12 ft/min in 3/8-in. spinner Approx 15 spinner equi-
Spinner Array Tool 3 1/2 to 7-in. casing
(1168) water 3 pulses/rev (6.8) spaced around
circumference
Quartz Pressure 19.01 8.8
Same as quartz pressure gauge and CCL individual tools
CCL (483) (4.0)
Approx.
Combination 18.5 Approx 5.4
Tool Capacitance / (470) Same as capacitance / temperature flow individual tool. Flowmeter (2.5)
Temperature / Flow w/o flow mechanical section can be any type of continuous or full bore flowmeter. w/o flow
mech mech section
section
22.8 Hysteresis Temperature 10 Repeatability
Head Tension Unit -400 kg (compr.) to +1000 kg
(580) 5% FS Drift 5% FS (4.5) ±2% FS
Different roller centralizers are available with 3 or 4 arms with single or double rollers in each arm. Also have different
Roller Centralizer
centralization force as per operational requirement. Approx Length - 33.25 in. (845 mm) and weight around 12 lb.
Deployment Different compact spring bows are available with 3 to 6 springs. Also have different centralization force as per
Spring Centralizer
Tools operational requirement. Approx Length - 28 in. (711 mm) and weight around 10 lb.
This is a monoconductor swivel joint which allows free rotation between the upper and lower heads while maintaining
Swivel
electrical continuity through the tool. Different sizes available, Approx Length - 11 in. (280 mm) and weight 4 lb.
7 Ball type knuckle for deployment in 3.5
Knuckle Joints
(178) deviated well (1.6)
1. Tools specified have nominal OD of 1 1//16 in. Tools with OD of 1 3/8 in. are also available.
2. All tools have maximum pressure rating of 15,000 psi and maximum temperature rating of 350°F or 177°C. For higher pressure or higher temperature tools
contact your local Halliburton representative.
3. Telemetry is very high speed capable of running 62 tools in combination (virtually no limit on tool combination for telemetry).

4-26 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Quartz Pressure Tool
For high-precision downhole pressure measurement,
Halliburton offers a quartz gauge tool that employs
quartzdyne transducers, an industry standard quartz crystal
pressure sensor. The tool provides both pressure and gauge
temperature outputs.

Fluid pressure applied to the quartz tension member changes


the resonant frequency of the quartz crystal. Thermal
compensation of the sensor and measurement of its
temperature allows the calculation of very accurate, high-
resolution downhole pressures.

Applications
• Measuring shut-in and flowing pressures at prescribed
depth levels
• Diagnosing well problems HAL9250

Features This log example shows how the quartz pressure tool can help determine
• Detects minimum pressure changes and temperature flowing conditions. Track 1 shows the gamma ray (GR1) and four collar
locator logs (CCL1-4) showing depth correlation. Track 2 provides four
variations quartz pressure readings from continuous passes in this horizontal well.
• Conveyance flexibility with the following methods: Normally in a stabilized well, the pressures have a common gradient as
slickline, wireline, coiled tubing, and drillpipe shown in Pass 4. Pass 1 and 2 indicate that this well has not been stabilized
after shut-in. Track 3 has the four temperature passes with both fluid
• Resistance to corrosion entry (higher temperatures) and gas entry (lower temperatures) in Pass 1.
Track 4 includes some of the results from the CAT™ tool that can be used
Associated Answer Products to determine fluid holdups.
• Plots that are available at the wellsite include flowing
pressure surveys, static pressure gradient surveys, log-log
pressure buildup, and derivative pressure plots
• Advanced pressure transient analysis can also be done
utilizing Sapphire software

Quartz Pressure Tool Specifications


Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Maximum Temperature Weight
Section ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)

1.0 1.65 15,000 350 6.5


Memory
(0.3) (42) (103.4) (176.7) (2.95)
1.9 1.65 15,000 350 9.6
SRO
(0.59) (42) (103.4) (176.7) (4.35)

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-27


Casing and Tubing Evaluation

MAC™ Multi-Arm Caliper Tool


Halliburton offers a wide variety of multi-arm calipers that
provide high-resolution details about the condition of the
casing or tubing, including accurate measurements of its
internal radius. The MAC™ tool is available for most casing
and tubing sizes. The tool can operate 24 to 80 arms and is
deployed on wireline, slickline, or coiled tubing. All data
collected is used to generate 3D images of the casing or
tubing.

Applications

HAL10363
• Detail the condition of casing or tubing with accurate
internal radius measurements
• 3D images of casing or tubing This 3D view shows an enlarged OD caused by perforating the well.

Features
• Comes in several sizes to work in a wide range of casing
• Can be deployed on wireline, slickline, or coiled tubing
• Can obtain data in horizontal wells
• Can be combined with production logging or cement
bond tool
• Accurately identifies casing damage such as holes, splits,
or cracks and their depth in the wellbore
• Can be used for scale evaluation
HAL10364

• Provides a method for mapping perforations

Associated Answer Products


This 3D image shows general deep corrosion with light deposits in the
• MITview (multifinger imaging tool presentation body possibly caused from cable movement.
package)
• MITpro (multifinger imaging tool software)

MAC™ Multi-Arm Caliper Specifications


Number Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Maximum Temperature Weight
of Arms ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)

3.75 1.69 15,000 150 20


24
(1.1) (42.9) (103.4) (65.6) (9.1)
5.5 2.75 15,000 150 62
40
(1.7) (69.9) (103.4) (65.6) (28.1)
5.75 4.00 15,000 150 100
60
(1.8) (101.6) (103.4) (65.6) (45.4)
3.33 8.00 15,000 150 93
80
(1.0) (203.2) (103.4) (65.6) (42.2)

4-28 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


CAST-V™ Circumferential Acoustic Scanning Tool-Visualization
The CAST-V™ tool is an ultrasonic tool that provides high-
resolution images in both open and cased holes. The tool’s
interchangeable head rotates a full 360° and contains a high-
frequency acoustic transducer to provide a full 360° profile of
the borehole or cement. A second acoustic transducer is
mounted in the tool housing and is used to measure
characteristics of the borehole fluid. A directional sub is
provided to orient images to either the high side of the hole
or to north. The image mode, run primarily in open hole,
consists of 200 points horizontally by 40 samples per foot
vertically while the cased-hole mode measures 100 points by
4 samples/ft. The CAST-V tool is designed to operate in
conjunction with other DITS™ tools.

The system provides high-resolution images indicating


texture changes in the borehole wall or on the interior
portion of the casing. These images can be used to identify
fractures in the formation or slight internal defects in casing.

The CAST-V tool in the cased-hole mode also determines the


casing thickness for pipe inspection. Simultaneously the
CAST-V tool determines the type of material in the annular
space between the casing and borehole wall.

The CAST-V tool must be run centralized in fluid filled


boreholes. It must be the bottom tool in any combination. Its
operation is limited by factors such as high mud density and
dissolved gases that increase the attenuation of the tool’s
HAL9227

acoustic pulses as they travel through the borehole fluid.

CAST-V tool differs from other ultrasonic type tools in the The casing-evaluation presentation includes casing ovality, eccentricity,
cased-hole mode by several different ways. It has 100 shots hole deviation, and gamma ray in Track 1. In this instance, the eccentricity
per depth frame versus 72 (maximum) and includes a real- is composed of both tool and casing eccentricity due to formation
movement. Track 2 shows a cross-sectional presentation of the pipe shape.
time fluid travel time (FTT) measurement. The competition A cross-sectional of the pipe wall is presented in Track 3. Track 4 provides
down logs FTT and then plugs the results into the uplog. All the average, minimum, and maximum value of the pipe radius that is
measurements are made real-time with no mode selection to shown in Track 5. Track 6 provides the average, minimum, and maximum
determine what is or what is not being processed. It is fully value of the pipe thickness that is the image plotted in last Track 7. On the
combinable with all DITS tools, especially the M305 FWS™ image logs red shows pipe thinning while blue indicates pipe thickening.
tool for the CBL portion. The complete navigation package is
standard with service. The competitor’s standard service does
not include a navigation package—they additionally charge
for running the service.

Applications
• Simultaneous ultrasonic pipe inspection and cement
evaluation
• 2D and 3D borehole imaging
• Process images, histograms, and curve-type data

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-29


Features
• Allows 100 shots per depth frame measurement,
providing complete circumferential coverage in cased-
hole cement evaluation and pipe inspection
• Near real-time evaluation of complex and lightweight
cements is accomplished through ACE™ processing
• Combinable with all DITS™ tools. This can reduce
rigtime when run with the M305 FWS™ tool for the
cement bond log
• Simultaneous cement evaluation and casing inspection
capability
• Real-time fluid cell measures both borehole fluid transit
time and fluid impedance for measured data correction
• Real-time casing thickness, casing OD, and ID

Associated Answer Products


• ACE™ processing for cement evaluation
• CASE™ evaluation for casing inspection

The CAST-V™ tool is also useful in cement evaluation. See


HAL9230

page 33 for more information on Cement Evaluation tools.

The cement-evaluation presentation includes casing ovality and tool


eccentricity in Track 1 along with the gamma ray. Conventional CBL
amplitude and amplified amplitude data is presented in Track 2. Track 3
provides the typical CBL waveform showing both pipe to cement bond
along with cement to formation bond. Data from the CAST-V™ scanner
is displayed in Tracks 4 and 5. Track 4 provides information regarding the
average impedance of the ZP image in Track 5. Likewise a CBI is a bond
index from the same image and provides a quick indication of the percent
of bond. The image in Track 5 is the Z map from 0 to 360° (left to right)
with 0° representing the high side of the hole. The center of the track is
scaled at 180°, which represents the low side of the hole.

CAST-V™ Circumferential Acoustic Scanning Tool-Visualization Specifications


Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Maximum Temperature Weight
ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)

17.9 3.63 20,000 350 316


(5.5) (92.2) (137.9) (176.7) (143.3)

4-30 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


The FASTCAST™ Fast Circumferential Acoustic Scanning Tool
The FASTCAST™ tool provides the same industry leading vertical resolution can be the traditional 3 in. but can be
measurements and products for cement evaluation or pipe refined down to 0.1 in. Similarly, the number of waveforms
inspection as the CAST-V™ tool but at speeds up to five per scan can be adjusted to provide full horizontal coverage
times faster. down to the beam footprint of 0.25 in. The optimum
coverage being identified, the job planner allows the engineer
The FASTCAST tool data acquisition system is versatile and to acquire the data at the maximum logging speed suited for
programmable at the wellsite, fully optimized for speed, the application.
based on the customer’s requirements and on the
characteristics of the borehole. Other features that open a wide range of new possibilities for
looking at details further away from the casing / cement
With a resolution improved by at the most a factor of 12 in interface are the user-configurable waveform length and
pipe inspection mode, the FASTCAST tool can provide 100% sampling interval.
coverage of casings up to 20-in. in diameter.

The FASTCAST tool provides true measured full coverage


unavailable by most other acoustic, electric, or mechanical
devices.

The factors that influence the logging speed are:


• Horizontal coverage
• Borehole size – smaller holes are logged faster because
they require less shots / scan for the same amount of
horizontal coverage
• Vertical resolutions – lower resolution implying higher
speed
In open hole, the FASTCAST tool provides complete
borehole imaging for accurate, precise, formation evaluation.

In cased-hole, ultrasonic pipe inspection and cement


evaluation can be obtained simultaneously.

The FASTCAST tool in cement evaluation mode is used


primarily to determine cement bonding and image channels
in cement directly behind casing, but it can also be used to
measure casing characteristics such as thickness and internal
and external diameters. Images can be oriented to either tool
body or the high side of the hole in any operating mode.
When combined with a CBL tool, the cement evaluation log
can be acquired at 60 ft/min or twice as fast as previous
generation tools, yet providing the same quality product as
the CAST-V tool for all cement types, including foam,
through the Halliburton proprietary ACE™ processing. This
increased logging speed results in a significant reduction in
operating cost to the operator through minimized
unproductive rig time.
HAL17810

The FASTCAST tool in pipe inspection mode is optimized to


provide the hole coverage suited to the application. The

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-31


The FASTCAST™ Tool Specifications
Casing Data CAST-V™ The FASTCAST™ Tool Logging Speed (ft/min)

With or Without
CBL, Standalone, Full With CBL and Full Standalone, Full
Casing Casing Weight 100 shots / scan, Horizontal Coverage Horizontal Horizontal and Vertical
OD in. lb / ft 4 spf (4 spf) Coverage (4 spf) Coverage (12 spf)

5.500 17 32 123 60 41
6.000 20 32 123 60 41
7.000 29 30 103 60 34
9.625 43 24 82 60 27
13.375 68 15 55 43 18
18.625 106 9 45 45 15

Vertical Logging
Temperature Pressure Tool OD Length Weight Min Hole ID Max Hole ID* sampling speed
°F (°C) psi (kPa) in. (mm) in. (m) lb (kg) in. (mm) in. (mm) in. ft/min

350 20,000 3.625 215 316 4.25 22.00


(175) (137 900) (92) (5.46) (143) (108) (559) 0.1 to 3.0 60 typical

*With interchangeable transducer head

4-32 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Cement Evaluation

Cement Bond Log (CBL)


Cement bond tools (CBT) are sonic logging tools that have
one omni-directional transmitter and two omni-directional
receivers. Cement bond log tools are used to evaluate the
effectiveness of cementing operations.
The transit time measurement of the acoustic signal at the
3-ft receiver is used for two purposes: verification of the
centralization of the CBL in free, non-bonded casing; and to
identify fast formations in acoustically bonded intervals. In
other than fast formations or free pipe, the transit time
measurement is undefined.

Correlation of the waveform data with other petrophysical


measurements, such as gamma ray, porosity, or resistivity
data, are used to identify the acoustic coupling of the cement
to both the casing and formation. ACE™ advanced waveform
processing methods can be used for concentric casing string
evaluation.

Cement bond logging tools come in a number of different


tool diameters, pressure, and temperature ratings. Small
diameter CBL tools are available for both through-tubing
logging operations and small diameter casing completions.

Applications
• Measuring the attenuation of the acoustic energy in the
casing-to-cement interface
• Evaluating the cement-to-formation coupling by the
correlation of the waveform data to other petrophysical
measurements
• Indicating channels or intervals with only a partial bond
HAL9231

• Locating free pipe and top of cement


• Evaluating the mud displacement processes
This log example illustrates nearly free pipe, an apparent top of cement
around X80, and below Y26 it is well bonded. Track 1 consists of the
gamma ray for correlation and travel time which is used for quality
control. Track 2 consists of the amplitude curve and amplified amplitude
which indicates cement to casing bond. Track 3 consists of the CBL
waveform which indicates both casing to cement bond along with
cement to formation bond. Straight lines in the CBL waveform along
with high amplitude readings indicate poor cement to casing bond.

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-33


Features
• Runs in combination with a gamma ray and a collar • Cement sheath evaluation in a wide range of casing sizes
locator for depth correlation purposes from small diameter tubing to over 20-in. casing
• Optional neutron correlation logs can be used in • Accurate correlation to open-hole measurements
formations where there is minimal gamma ray contrast • Digital recording of the waveform data for real-time data
• Digital telemetry versions are combinable with the transmission and advanced interpretational methods
CAST-V™ tool for simultaneous ultrasonic cement and
casing evaluation
• CBL tools are available that can be run on all types of
wireline from large diameter 0.9375-in. slammer hepta-
cables to 0.22-in. sour gas service monoconductor cables

Cement Bond Log (CBL) Specifications


Length Diameter Maximum Pressure Maximum Temperature Weight
Sonde ft (m) in. (mm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg)

FWST-A™ 20.4 3.63 20,000 350 365


Full Wave Sonic Tool (6.2) (92.2) (137.9) (176.7) (165.6)
HFWS-A™ Hostile Full 30.2 2.75 25,000 500* 340
Wave Sonic Tool (9.2) (69.9) (172.4) (260.0) (154.2)
*6 hour

4-34 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Radial Cement Bond Tools
Cement bond tools (CBT) are sonic logging tools that have
one omni-directional transmitter and two omni-directional
receivers. In addition, the radial cement bond log (RCBL)
tool has eight radial receivers and the RCBS tool has six.
Radial cement bond tools are used to evaluate the
effectiveness of cementing operations.
The transit time measurement of the acoustic signal at the
3-ft receiver is used for two purposes—to verify the
centralization of the radial cement bond tool in free, non-
bonded casing, and to identify fast formations in acoustically
bonded intervals. In other than fast formations or free pipe,
the transit time measurement is undefined.

Correlation of the waveform data with other petrophysical


measurements, such as gamma ray, porosity, or resistivity
data is used to identify the acoustic coupling of the cement to
both the casing and formation. ACE™ advanced waveform
processing methods can be used for concentric casing string
evaluation.

Applications
• Indicating channels or intervals using radial receivers
• Measuring the attenuation of the acoustic energy in the
casing to cement interface
• Evaluating the cement to formation coupling by the
correlation of the waveform data to other petrophysical
measurements
• Locating free pipe and top of cement
HAL9232

• Evaluating the mud displacement processes


Results from a specially designed test well for the RCBL and RCBS tools.

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-35


Features
• It runs in combination with a gamma ray and a collar • Cement sheath evaluation in a wide range of tubing or
locator for depth correlation purposes casing sizes from small diameter tubing to 13.38-in.
• Optional neutron correlation logs or DSN™ dual-spaced casing, including channel identification
neutron tool logs can be used in formations where there • Accurate correlation to open-hole measurements
is minimal gamma ray contrast • Digital recording of the waveform data for real-time data
• DSN tool can be run for formation evaluation transmission and advanced interpretational methods
• It can be run on all types of wireline from large diameter
0.9375-in. slammer hepta-cables to 0.22-in. sour gas
service monoconductor cables

Radial Cement Bond Tool Specifications


With Maximum Maximum Maximum Minimum Borehole Fluids
Length Centralizers OD Pressure Temperature Weight Casing Casing
Sonde ft (m) ft (m) in. (cm) psi (Mpa) °F (°C) lb (kg) in. (cm) in. (cm) Salt Fresh Oil Air

15 21.6 1.69 20,000 350 75 7.5 2


RCBS X X X
(4.57) (6.58) (4.29) (137.9) (176.68) (34) (19) (5.1)
13.12 17.72 1.69 20,000 450 78 7 2.875
RCBS-P1 X X X
(4) (5.4) (4.29) (137.9) (232) (35.38) (17.78) (7.3)
8.75 13.15 2.75 20,000 350 106.5 9.625 4
RCBS-P2 X X X
(2.68) (4) (6.98) (137.9) (176.68) (48.31) (24.45) (10.16)
13.83 20.43 3.125 20,000 375 215 13.38 3.75
RCBL X X X
(4.23) (6.23) (7.94) (137.9) (190) (97.5) (33.98) (9.53)
13.175 3.125 30,000 400 151.65 13.4 3.75
HTHP* X X X
(4.2) (7.94) (206.8X) (204.4) (68.79) (34) (9.53)
*Supplies are limited. Please contact your local Halliburton representative for more information.

4-36 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


ACE™ Advanced Cement Evaluation Process
The ACE™ advanced cement evaluation process helps and the activity level of the data. Through this process, the
provide quick, accurate information concerning cement activity level is determined and will allow easy differentiation
bond for all standard logging tools and procedures for any between solids and fluids. In addition, new bond-index
type of cement mixtures, including foam, latex, and other curves and special log presentations have been developed to
complex slurries. make interpretation quick and unambiguous.

Traditional cement sheath interpretation, using the standard The ACE process works on every cement evaluation tool that
cement bond log (CBL) or any other cement evaluation tool Halliburton offers as well as effectively evaluating data from
has severe limitations when used to evaluate complex other service companies. Not only does this method work on
cements. Lightweight, foamed, or complex cements affect the data from both the rotating (FASTCAST, CAST-V tools),
traditional methods of determining zonal isolation, which and/or stationary ultrasonic logs (PET tool), it also provides
may create the misleading impression that the cement bond detailed information using standard CBL logs, sonic logs,
is inadequate. This can lead to the ordering of expensive and dipole sonics, segmented bond logs, and the newer
completely unnecessary remedial cementing. generation of radial bond logs (RBT).

The ACE process is a new way of interpreting the cement ACE analysis has been proven effective on cementing jobs in
evaluation tool data that is already being recorded during the all parts of the world and on every type of cement now in use.
logging runs. Although the ACE process was originally It saves time and money by eliminating countless
developed for lightweight cements, experience and unnecessary squeeze jobs and associated expenses. Reducing
experiments have shown that it provides a superior method the amount of unnecessary remedial cement operations will
for interpreting any type of cement. Above all it gives clear allow the customer to reduce operational expenses and
answers to the most urgent questions: contribute to the bottom line.

How good is my zonal isolation? Features


Do I need a squeeze job? • Uses every cement evaluation tool to provide detailed
information about cement bond
The ACE process yields its greatest benefit when evaluating • Works with existing logging procedures
both the cement to pipe bond and the cement to formation
• Enhances current logs to achieve a better understanding
bond. To properly evaluate the cement to casing bond, the
of zonal isolation
FASTCAST™ and CAST-V™ ultrasonic tools along with the
ACE process provide the best solution. However, both • Delivers a reliable cement bond index
segmented and radial bond tools can be evaluated with the • Works for any cement—conventional, complex,
ACE process and still provide excellent information lightweight, or foam
regarding the cement to pipe bond.
• Helps improve cement interpretation for multiple casing
strings
The CBL and other sonic tools are used to determine the
cement to formation bond along with the cement to casing • Delivers answers in minutes on location, using your log
bond. The ACE process uses the sonic waveforms to or data tape
highlight the differences between bonded, partially bonded, • Helps provide accurate and dependable cement bond
micro-annulus, and free pipe. The ACE process can help interpretation regardless of the service company
determine the presence of cement between two casing
• Saves time and money by helping eliminate countless
strings, which was extremely difficult to quantify with
unnecessary squeeze jobs and associated expenses
previous logs and/or interpretation procedures.
• Reduces the customer’s operational expenses and
These extraordinary results are the product of a new contributes to the bottom line by helping to eliminate
technique based on a statistical-variation process to unnecessary remedial cement operations
distinguish cement from fluid, even when both have the same
raw value. This process actually will use two different
methods to determine zonal isolation—the original tool data

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-37


Track 1 presents correlation data (GR), quality control (ECTY), and the average impedance (ZAVG) which provides a
quick interpretation of the cement placement. Track 2 presents the amplitude (AMP), amplified amplitude (AAMP),
filtered cement bond index (FCBI), as well as the computed cement bond index (FCEMBI). Track 3 contains a standard
CBL waveform display (WMSG). Track 4 is the total CBL waveform (WMSGT) which is the ACE™ processing which
highlights the collar response. The ultrasonic impedance map (ZP) is presented in Track 5, which indicates the impedance
of the material behind pipe. Track 6 (DZ) is the variance of the impedance map which highlights the differences between
solids (cement) and liquids. Track 7 (CEMT) shows the result of both the impedance and variance in determination of
solids vs. fluids. Fluids are designated as blue, while cement is indicated by the brown color. Tracks 8 to 16 provide 5
segmented curves from the impedance image broken into 9 segments around the wellbore. High activity indicates solids,
and low activity indicates fluid. In the zone F notice how the curves have both low impedance and low activity compared
to the data immediately above it in zone C.

4-38 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Mechanical Services

Pipe Recovery

Chemical Cutter
Chemical cutters eject a circular stream • Cutting drillpipe after freepoint and • Can pass through normal
of bromine trifluoride (BrF3) to backoff operations when sensitive restrictions and still make a clean
dissolve pipe with a clean cut that leaves washover and fishing operations are cut on standard size tubulars below
no debris and does not require milling anticipated the restriction
prior to pipe retrieval. Built-in • Cutting large pipe (7-in. or larger • Performs under a wide range of
flexibility allows the tool to be adapted OD) utilizing a special wagon wheel temperatures, pressures, and depths
for many special cutting applications configuration
where other cutting methods may be • Produces no debris or drillpipe
ineffective or undesirable. • Using chemical cutter/tubing deformation which might require
hanger combination in high milling
Chemical cutters provide a clean pipe pressure situations when normal • Does not damage adjacent string
cut. Chemical cutters can also shorten operations may cause pipe to drop during cutting
operating time and reduce rig costs by after being cut
• Severs pipe flare-free for retrieval
eliminating the flare associated with • Cutting standard-diameter pipe through a packer or other
explosive cutters and the related need to through normal restrictions restriction
dress flares with a mill run before • Shooting large holes in tubulars for
fishing operations can start. • Does not change ID or OD of the
gravel pack production cut
Additionally, chemical cutters can be Chemical cutters require the following • Capable of cutting high-grade
used to release specially designed inputs or samples to perform properly: tubulars
permanent packers such as • Specially designed slip assembly
Halliburton’s AHR™ cut-to-release • Well sketch
maintains mechanical tool stability
packer. They can be used to cut pipe • Type of pipe to be cut (ID, OD, and helps ensure that pieces of
and casing during plug and metal composition, any plastic metal are not ejected from the tool
abandonment operations, sever duplex- coatings) in case of accidental firing
22 nickel/chromium tubing or other • Any other restrictions or problems
high-grade tubulars for salvage or • Manufacture from high-grade, heat
reuse, and replace or retrieve old or • Temperature and pressure at cutting treated steel that will not rupture
deteriorating pipe in environmentally depth even if tool is accidentally fired at
sensitive areas. • Type of fluid in the well, including the surface
any solvents or paraffins in the well • Unique safety sleeve that virtually
Applications • Any other ID restrictions above the eliminates possibility of exposing
• Re-establishing circulation during depth to be cut the cutting head to operators and
drilling operations by chemically equipment
punching drill collars or heavy Features • Guiding rope system that helps
weight pipe • Standard cutting head sizes from ensure personnel are always at a safe
• Removing metal restrictions 0.75-in. to 5.5-in. OD distance from the tool when it is
blocking the well in open or cased being placed into or removed from
• Unique holddown system to
holes with downward chemical junk the well
centralize the tool for even cuts
shot without damaging pipe • Safety features based on worst-case
scenarios and tested under actual
• Deployment via electric wireline,
conditions to help provide quick
coiled tubing, rigid tubing, or
responses to any situation
slickline

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-39


Caution: Prior to every chemical cutter job, Halliburton Halliburton’s chemical cutter supplier is Pipe Recovery
strongly recommends checking for restrictions in the well by Systems Inc. (PRS).
performing a gauge run and string shot.

Selection Guide for Coiled Tubing Chemical Cutter


Tool Specifications Coiled Tubing Specifications

Tool Size in. Max. Extension OD ID Weight


(Anchor And Sev Head) of Wedges/Slips in. in. in. lb/ft

*11/16 0.92 1 0.782 - 0.810 0.918 - 1.037

*3/4 1.05 1 0.826 - 0.866 0.688 - 0.848

*13/16 1.09 1 1/4 0.938 - 1.076 1.081 - 1.823

*7/8 1.11 1 1/4 1.032 - 1.076 1.081 - 1.328

*15/16 1.15 1 1/4 1.100 - 1.116 0.840 - 0.941

*1 1.33 1 1/2 1.188 - 1.282 1.619 - 2.239

*1 1/16 1.35 1 1/2 1.188 - 1.282 1.619 - 2.239

*1 1/8 1.42 1 1/2 1.282 - 1.334 1.256 - 1.619

*1 3/16 1.51 1 3/4 1.374 - 1.500 2.169 - 3.136

*1 1/4 1.61 1-3/4 1.400 - 1.532 1.910 - 2.944

1 3/8 1.80 2 1.594 - 1.688 3.072 - 3.896

1 1/2 2.04 2 1.732 - 1.782 2.201 - 2.671

1 11/16 2.20 2 3/8 1.969 - 2.025 4.112 - 4.709

1 7/8 2.55 2 3/8 2.063 - 2.157 2.638 - 4.709

2 1/8 2.60 2 7/8 2.469 - 2.563 4.530 - 5.793

2 5/8 3.35 3 1/2 3.094 - 3.150 6.215 - 7.148


* Denotes wedge type anchor

Selection Guide for CS Hydril Tubing 1.050 - 1.660 OD


Tool Specifications
in. Tubing Specifications

Tool Size Max. Extension OD ID Weight


(Anchor And Sev Head) of Wedges/Slips in. in. lb/ft

*11/16 0.92 1.05 0.824 1.200

*3/4 1.05 1.315 0.957 2.250

*13/16 1.09 1.315 1.049 1.800

*1 1/16 1.35 1.660 1.278 3.020

*1 3/16 1.51 1.660 1.380 - 1.410 2.100 - 2.400


* Denotes wedge type anchor

4-40 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Selection Guide — Tubing for D/A Chemical Cutter
Tool Specifications Tubing Specifications

Tool Size Max. Extension


(Anchor And Sev Head) of Wedges/Slips OD ID Weight
in. in. in. in. lb/ft

1 3/8 1.80 1.90 1.500 - 1.650 2.40 - 3.64

2 1/16 1.670 - 1.751 3.25 - 3.40


1 1/2 2.04
2 3/8 1.703 - 1.995 4.70 - 7.70

1 9/16 2.10 2 3/8 1.853 - 1.995 4.70 - 6.20

1 11/16 2.20 2 3/8 1.939 - 1.995 4.70 - 5.30

1 3/4 2.50 2 7/8 2.059 - 2.441 6.50 - 10.70

1 7/8 2.55 2 7/8 2.059 - 2.441 6.50 - 10.70

2 2.58 2 7/8 2.195 - 2.441 6.50 - 9.50

2 1/8 2.60 2 7/8 2.323 - 2.441 6.50 - 7.90

2 E.R. 2.85 3 1/2 2.480 - 2.750 12.95 - 16.70

2 1/8 E.R. 3.10 3 1/2 2.480 - 2.992 9.30 - 16.70

2 3/16 3.10 3 1/2 2.480 - 2.992 9.30 - 16.70

2 1/4 3.15 3 1/2 2.602 - 2.992 9.30 - 15.50

2 3/8 3.25 3 1/2 2.602 - 3.068 7.70 - 15.50

*2 5/8 3.35 3 1/2 2.922 - 3.068 7.70 - 10.30

*2 7/8 3.65 4 3.240 - 3.476 11.00 - 15.70

*3 1/8 3.92 4 3.340 - 3.548 9.50 - 14.00

*3 1/4 4.04 4 1/2 3.640 - 3.958 12.60 - 20.00

*3 3/8 4.16 4 1/2 3.697 - 4.000 11.60 - 17.70

*3 1/2 4.28 4 1/2 3.826 - 4.090 9.50 - 15.50

*3 5/8 4.40 4 1/2 3.920 - 4.090 9.50 - 13.50

*3 7/8 4.68 5 4.154 - 4.408 15.00 - 21.00

*4 4.80 5 4.276 - 4.560 11.50 - 19.50

*4 3/16 4.92 5 1/2 4.548 - 4.778 20.00 - 26.00

*4 7/16 5.14 5 1/2 4.670 - 4.950 15.50 - 23.00

*4 9/16 5.14 5 1/2 4.892 - 5.044 13.00 - 17.00

5 1/2 6.50 7 6.004 - 6.214 28.00 - 35.00

5 3/4 6.50 7 6.276 - 6.456 20.00 - 26.00

6 3/8 7.37 7 5/8 6.765 - 7.125 20.00 - 33.70


* 6-slip anchor only

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-41


Tubing Cutters
Jet Research Center’s tubing cutters are designed to cleanly
sever a wide range of tubing quickly and efficiently. These
proven design cutters are the world’s most widely used and
have a performance record that is unsurpassed. The tubing
cutter range includes industry-leading ceramic cap designs
for minimum debris to economic cast iron versions for cost-
effective solutions. JRC tubing cutters offer high reliability in
field applications with a minimum amount of set-up or
configuration based on well parameters. JRC tubing cutters
and method of assembly are patented technology (US Patent
5,129,322). Tubing cutters can be used with JRC’s
proprietary RED® rig environment detonator, offering a high
level of protection against stray voltage or inadvertent RF-
initiation.

Features
• High strength ceramic cap provides 20,000 psi pressure
rating
• Breakup characteristic of the ceramic design leaves
minimal debris in the well
• Cutter design features minimum flare characteristic for
ease of recovery
• Extensive cutter range offers selection based on well
conditions
• Cutters available for high strength and chrome material
• Special designs available to match unique well conditions
• Detonator options available to satisfy all applications
HAL11763

Tubing Cutters

4-42 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Tubing Cutters
Recommended Target Tubing
Tubing Cutter OD Rating Explosive Housing Shipping
Description Part No.
OD in. in. psi / °F weight g Material Class (Incl
Grade Wall Th
Coupl.) lb/ft

1 9/16-in. 1.4S
2 1/16 100083086 1.563 15,000/400 4 Ceramic P105 0.216 3.25
Tubing Cutter UN0441
1 11/16-in. 1.4S 0.190 -
2 3/8 100000352 1.688 20,000/400 8.5 Ceramic P105 4.70 - 5.95
Tubing Cutter UN0441 0.254
1 11/16-in.
1.4S 0.190 -
2 3/8 Tubing Cutter 101288527 1.688 12,500/400 8.5 Cast Iron P105 4.70 - 5.95
UN0441 0.254
(Cast Iron)
1 23/32-in. 1.4S 0.190 -
2 3/8 100000570 1.719 20,000/400 8.5 Ceramic P105 4.70 - 5.95
Tubing Cutter UN0441 0.254
1 13/16-in. 1.4S 0.190 -
2 3/8 100000353 1.813 20,000/400 8.5 Ceramic P105 4.70 - 5.95
Tubing Cutter UN0441 0.254
1 13/16-in.
1.4S 0.190 -
2 3/8 Tubing Cutter 101290400 1.813 12,500/400 8.5 Cast Iron P105 4.70 - 5.95
UN0441 0.254
(Cast Iron)
2 1/32-in. 1.4S
2 7/8 100000354 2.031 20,000/400 15.4 Ceramic P105 0.308 6.50 - 8.70
Tubing Cutter UN0441
2 1/8-in. 1.4S
2 7/8 100000355 2.125 20,000/400 15.4 Ceramic P105 0.217 6.50
Tubing Cutter UN0441
2 1/8-in.
1.4S
2 7/8 Tubing Cutter 101290402 2.125 12,500/400 15.4 Cast Iron P105 0.217 6.50
UN0441
(Cast Iron)
2 1/8-in.
1.1D
2 7/8 Hastelloy 100000430 2.125 20,000/400 33 Ceramic Chrome 0.276 7.90
UN0059
Tubing Cutter
2 1/4-in. 1.4S
2 7/8 100000356 2.250 20,000/400 13 Ceramic P105 0.217 6.50
Tubing Cutter UN0441
2 1/4-in.
1.4S
2 7/8 Tubing Cutter 101290405 2.250 12,500/400 13 Cast Iron P105 0.217 6.50
UN0441
(Cast Iron)
2 1/2-in.
1.4S 0.254 -
3 1/2 Tubing Cutter 101290406 2.500 12,500/400 22.5 Cast Iron P105 9.3 - 15.50
UN0441 0.449
(Cast Iron)
2 19/32-in. 1.4S 0.254 -
3 1/2 100116367 2.594 20,000/400 22.5 Ceramic P105 9.30 - 10.30
Tubing Cutter UN0441 0.289
2.70-in. 1.4S 0.254 -
3 1/2 100011034 2.700 20,000/400 22.5 Ceramic P105 9.30 - 10.30
Tubing Cutter UN0441 0.289
2.70-in.
1.1D 0.254 -
3 1/2 Hastelloy 100000431 2.700 20,000/400 46 Ceramic Chrome 9.30 - 10.30
UN0059 0.289
Tubing Cutter

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-43


Super Tubing Cutters
Jet Research Center’s super tubing cutters are designed where
well conditions prevent the use of a conventional tubing
cutter based on unexpected or severe restrictions. In this
situation, a specially designed cutting charge is used. The
cutter is based on a conventionally shaped charge assembly
but has additional explosive in the form of a pelletized charge
in the base of the cutter. It is a smaller diameter than a
conventional charge for the pipe to be cut. The cutter can
easily pass through tight restrictions and still achieve
severance. Based on the design constraints, some tubing
deformation at the cut point is likely with this cutter. Super
tubing cutters can be used with JRC’s proprietary RED® rig
environment detonator, offering a high level of protection
against stray voltage or inadvertent RF initiation.

Features
• High strength steel cap provides 20,000 psi pressure
rating
• Reduced diameter easily passes wellbore restrictions
• Detonator options available to satisfy all applications
• Two cutter sizes for common tubing sizes
• Special designs available to match unique well conditions
HAL11763

Super Tubing Cutters

4-44 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Super Tubing Cutters
Recommended Target Tubing
Housing
Tubing Cutter OD Rating Explosive Shipping
Description Part No. Material
OD in. in. psi / °F weight g Class (Incl
(S-Steel) Grade Wall Th
Coupl.) lb/ft

1 9/16-in. Super 100005493 1.4S 0.190 -


2 3/8 1.563 20,000/400 40 S N80 4.70 - 5.95
Cutter +100158162 UN0441 0.254
1 13/16-in. 100008057 1.4S 0.217 -
2 7/8 1.813 20,000/400 40 S N80 6.50 - 8.70
Super Cutter +100158161 UN0441 0.308

Accessories
Tubing Cutter Accessories HP Accessories Safety Accessories

Detonator - Resistorized 100000432 Extension Mandrel - Steel 101293227 Shunt Plug 100010861
Firing Head, 1 1/2-in. OD 100000434 Adapter for RED - Steel 101293230 Safety Tube 100010862
Extension Mandrel 100008258
Detonator - RED® 101272595
Adapter for RED Detonator 101293676
Notes:
1. Undersized cutters may not make a full cut.
2. Always run effective centralization for optimum results.
3. Field assembly required due to shipping features.
4. CAUTION: Not recommended for casing sizes less than 7 in.

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-45


Coiled Tubing Cutters
Jet Research Center’s coiled tubing cutters are designed to
cleanly sever common sizes of tubing quickly and
economically. These proven design cutters are widely used
and have an unsurpassed performance record.

Features
• High strength steel components allow successful trip
inside the coiled tubing
• Corrosion resistant components
• Cutters sizes available for 1, 1.25, 1.5 and 1.75-in. coiled
tubing
• 13.75-in. cutter suitable for cutting 1.5-in. (1.900) NU
API tubing
• Compatible with industry standard wireline accessories
• Can be designed with high temperature explosives for
special applications
HAL11764

Coiled Tubing Cutters

4-46 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Coiled Tubing Cutters
Recommended Target Tubing
Housing
Tubing Cutter OD Rating Explosive Shipping
Description Part No. Material Weight
OD in. in. psi / °F weight g Class
(S-Steel) Grade Wall Th (Incl
Coupl.) lb/ft

0.718-in. Coiled 1.4S


1.00 100118388 0.718 10,000/325 1 S N80 0.081 0.786
Tubing Cutter UN0441
0.948-in.
1.4S
1.25 Coiled Tubing 100118389 0.948 10,000/325 2.9 S N80 0.095 1.172
UN0441
Cutter
1 3/16-in.
1.4S
1.50 Coiled Tubing 100000429 1.188 10,000/325 4.7 S N80 0.109 1.619
UN0441
Cutter
1 3/8-in. 1.4S
1.75 100000569 1.375 15,000/400 4 S N80 0.134 2.313
Tubing Cutter UN0441
1 3/8-in. 1.4S
1.90 100000569 1.375 15,000/400 4 S P105 0.145 2.900
Tubing Cutter UN0441

Accessories
Accessories Safety Accessories

Detonator - Resistorized 100010855 Safety Tube for Detonator 100158234


5/8-in. OD Cont Sub (1.59 cm) 100005498 0.5-20 UNF-2A (thread) 5/8-in. Shunt Plug 100158235
3/4-in. OD Cont Sub (1.91 cm) 100158243 0.555-28P-36-SA (thread) 3/4-in. Shunt Plug 120042542
1-in. OD Cont Sub (2.54 cm) 100014497 0.812-16 UN-2A (thread) 1-in. Shunt Plug 120042541
Notes:
1. Always run effective centralization for optimum results.
2. Undersized cutters may not make a full cut.
3. When more than one cutter is available for the specification, always select the largest diameter cutter.

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-47


Casing and Drillpipe Cutters
Jet Research Center’s casing and drillpipe cutters feature the
same level of engineering detail and design as the industry-
leading JRC tubing cutters. They are designed to cleanly sever
a wide range of casing efficiently, using a minimum amount
of explosive. The designs feature high specification
aluminum alloy case material that breaks up substantially
upon detonation. JRC casing and drillpipe cutters offer high
levels of safety and reliability in field applications with a
minimum amount of set-up or configuration based on well
parameters. JRC developed the industry standard shock
attenuating mandrel for use with the range of casing and
drillpipe cutters and patented this technology (US patent
5,117,911). Casing and drillpipe cutters can be used with
JRC’s proprietary RED® rig environment detonator, offering
a high level of protection against stray voltage or inadvertent
RF-initiation.

Features
• Shock attenuating mandrel helps protect associated
wireline tools
• Cutter designed for minimum pipe flare
• Extensive cutter range offers selection based on well
conditions
• Cutters available for high-strength and chrome pipes
• Special designs available to match unique well conditions
• Detonator options available to satisfy all applications
HAL11765

Casing and Drillpipe Cutters

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Wafer Casing Cutters (1.1D)
Housing Recommended Target Tubing
Tubing
Cutter OD Rating Explosive Material Shipping
OD Description Part No.
in. psi / °F Weight g (S-Steel, Class Weight (Incl
in. Grade Wall Th
A-Aluminum) Coupl.) lb/ft
2 3/8-in. Drill 1.4S 0.254 -
3 1/2 DP 100116368 2.375 12,500/400 22 S/A G105 9.5 - 15.5
Pipe Cutter UN0441 0.449
2 15/16-in. Drill 1.1D 0.262 - 11.85 -
4 100127821 2.938 7,500/400 47.4 A L80
Pipe Cutter UN0059 0.380 15.7
2 5/16-in. Drill 1.1D 0.271 - 13.75 -
4 1/2 DP 100127821 2.938 7,500/400 47.4 A G105
Pipe Cutter UN0059 0.430 20.00
3 15/16- in. 1.1D
4 1/2 DP 100000140 3.313 7,500/400 61 A G105 0.430 20.00
Drill Pipe Cutter UN0059
3 5/16-in. 1.1D 0.296 - 16.25 -
5 DP 100000140 3.313 7,500/400 61 A G105
Drill Pipe Cutter UN0059 0.500 25.60
3 5/8-in. 1.1D 0.205 - 9.50 -
4 1/2 101293449 3.625 7,500/400 54 A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.337 15.10
4-in. 1.1D 0.253- 11.50 -
5 101293457 4.000 9,000/400 110 S/A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.437 21.40
4-in. 1.1D 0.296 - 16.25 -
5 DP 101293457 4.000 9,000/400 110 S/A G105
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.362 19.50
4 1/2-in. 1.1D 0.304 - 17.00 -
5 1/2 100014494 4.500 9,000/400 104 S/A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.415 23.00
4 3/4-in. 1.1D 0.244 - 14.00 -
5 1/2 101293484 4.750 9,000/400 100 S/A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.304 17.00
4 3/4-in. 1.1D 0.330 - 19.50 -
5 3/4 101293484 4.750 9,000/400 100 S/A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.430 25.20
5 3/8-in. 1.1D 0.224 - 14.00 -
6 101293491 5.375 9,000/400 240 S/A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.275 17.00
5 3/8-in. 1.1D
6 5/8 101293491 5.375 9,000/400 240 S/A L80 0.475 32.00
Casing Cutter UN0059
5 1/2-in. 1.1D 0.228 - 20.00 -
6 5/8 101293515 5.500 9,000/400 253 A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.417 28.00
5 1/2-in. 1.1D 0.408 - 29.00 -
7 101293515 5.500 9,000/400 253 A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.540 38.00
6- in. 1.1D 0.317 - 23.00 -
7 101293536 6.000 9,000/400 280 A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.408 29.00
6 1/8-in. 1.1D 0.375 - 29.70 -
7 5/8 101293544 6.125 9,700/400 253 A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.500 39.00
7 1/4-in. 1.1D 0.400 - 36.00 -
8 5/8 101293553 7.250 8,000/400 373 A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.595 52.00
8 3/16-in. 1.1D 0.435 - 43.50 -
9 5/8 101293555 8.188 8,000/400 407 A L80
Casing Cutter UN0059 0.545 53.50

Accessories
Tubing Cutter Accessories HP Accessories Safety Accessories
Detonator - Resistorized 100000432 Extension Mandrel - Steel 101293227 Shunt Plug 100010861
Adapter for Resistorized
Adapter for Resistorized Detonator 100014468 101293240 Safety Tube 100010862
Detonator - Steel
Firing Head, 1 1/2-in. OD 100000434 Adapter for RED - Steel 101295134
Extension Mandrel 100008258
Detonator - RED® 101272595
Adapter for RED Detonator 101295128
Notes:
1. Always run effective centralization for optimum results.
2. Undersized cutters may not make a full cut.
3. When more than one cutter is available for the specified target, always select the largest diameter cutter.

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-49


C-4 Casing Cutters
Jet Research Center’s C-4 casing cutters are designed to allow
air transportation (via commercial aircraft) of the explosives
in individual packages. Air freight allows for rapid shipment
of urgently needed cutters and is considerably less expensive
than transportation by sea. Upon arrival at the location, the
explosive can then be placed in the cutter body and run in
the well.

The C-4 cutters then function as traditional cutters, except


for their reduced temperature limitation. This product line
uses the same safe-arming procedures as the popular tubing,
drillpipe, and normal casing cutters. It allows the detonator
to be electronically connected safely before the detonator is
placed in proximity to the cutting charge.

Applications
• Emergency situation where cutter must be flown
to wellsite
• Temperature limitation of 225°F
• Pressure limitations depend on the size of the cutter

Features
• Patented shock absorber mandrel helps protect CCLs
and other associated hardware
• Aluminum case components allow easy breakup of
components into debris
• Detonation options available to satisfy all applications
• Available in sizes to cut 4.5-in. to 9.625-in. casing
• Upon request, test shots can be made in special pipe to
verify performance
HAL11765

C-4 Casing Cutters

4-50 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Drill Collar Severing Tool
Jet Research Center developed the dual end severing tool for
severing thick wall tubulars over 20 years ago. The technique
is based on the colliding shock wave principle. Since its
inception, the drill collar severing tool has been continuously
refined, resulting in the industry-leading severance device for
cutting drill collars and drillpipe in a wide variety of stuck
pipe scenarios. The latest refinement to the tool has resulted
in a standard explosive column length with superior
performance. The secret to the success of the tool lies in the
precisely-timed detonation of two equal and opposing shock
fronts. The colliding shock is matched to a cartridge
assembly at the mid-point of the assembly, designed to help
focus the energy transmitted to the target. JRC developed the
industry standard shock attenuating mandrel for use with
drill collar severing tools and patented this technology (US
patent 5,117,911). Drill collar severing tools can be used with
JRC’s proprietary RED® rig environment detonator, offering
a high level of protection against stray voltage or inadvertent
RF initiation.

Applications
Cutting drill collars and drillpipe in situations involving
stuck pipe

Features
• Redesigned in 2002 for maximum performance
• Full range of sizes for virtually any severing requirement
• Suitable for hostile environment up to 400°F, 20,000 psi
• Higher temperature tools available for extreme
temperature application
• Shock attenuating mandrel helps protect wireline tools.
• Quick assembly and deployment
• Industry standard connections can be run on any
wireline unit
HAL11766

• Air freight classification (1.4s) provides rapid


mobilization

Drill Collar Severing Tool

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-51


Drill Collar Capability Chart
Cartridge
Assembly
Designed to Explosive Pellet Explosive Loaded Tool
Tool OD Length Sever up to Weight Weight Weight
in. (cm) Temperature and Pressure Rating in. in. g g g
HMX - 400°F (204°C)
1 3/8 20,000 psi (138 Mpa) for 1 hour*
36 3 1/2 OD DCs 20.7 × 28 pellets 4.8 × 2 589.2
(3.5) HNS - 475°F (246°C)
20,000 psi (138 Mpa) for 1 hour*
HMX - 400°F (204°C)
1 3/4 20,000 psi (138 Mpa) for 1 hour*
36 6 1/2 OD DCs 22.7 × 44 pellets 12.7 × 2 1024.2
(4.4) HNS - 475°F (246°C)
20,000 psi (138 Mpa) for 1 hour*
HMX - 400°F (204°C)
2 20,000 psi (138 Mpa) for 1 hour*
36 8 OD DCs 22.7 × 64 pellets 17.4 × 2 1487.8
(5.1) HNS - 475°F (246°C)
20,000 psi (138 Mpa) for 1 hour*
HMX - 400°F (204°C)
2 5/8 20,000 psi (138 Mpa) for 1 hour*
36 11 OD DCs 21.5 × 110 pellets 28.5 × 2 2422.1
(6.7) HNS - 475°F (246°C)
20,000 psi (138 Mpa) for 1 hour*
* For high pressure application, in excess of 15,000 psi, JRC recommends the use of high pressure steel rated accessories.

4-52 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Junk Shot
Jet Research Center’s junk shots have been field proven time
after time in a wide variety of applications all over the world.
The junk shot charge has been used to overcome some of the
most challenging fishing operations encountered, ranging
from breaking up complete drilling bits to underreamer
arms. The junk shot is a large downward shooting shaped
charge secured inside a pressure housing.When placed on top
of the junk, it functions in a similar manner as a perforating
charge, but the explosive effect is substantially greater with
the ability to destroy large targets. In almost any situation,
the use of the junk shot charge to break up obstacles
downhole reduces costly fishing time, returning the rig to full
operation.

Applications
Break up obstacles downhole and return rig to full operation

Features
• Main charge run on wireline, drillstring, or tubing with a
secondary wireline initiator for maximum effect
• Two sizes of charge available: 5.25-in. OD and 7.75-in. OD
• Tools may be clustered for special applications
• Can be transported via air charter or standard ground
HAL11767

services
• Pressure rated to 18,000 psi
• Temperature rated to 400°F for one hour
• Offers a high degree of safety due to its two-stage
deployment
• Offers a safe assembly method through the use of JRC’s
safe arming equipment
• Can be run on wireline or tubing
• Can be fired electronically or hydraulically

Junk Shot

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-53


Plug Setting Equipment

EZ Drill® Bridge Plugs


EZ Drill® bridge plugs consist of an EZ Drill SV packer from
which the sliding valve has been removed and a bridging plug
has been added. This combination offers excellent downhole
pressure control and drillability.

Applications
Downhole pressure control and drillability

Features
• Built from cast iron, brass, aluminum, and rubber
• Ability to be set on:
– Electric wireline
– Slickline
– Coiled tubing
– Jointed pipe with a mechanical or hydraulic
setting tool
• Can be used with conventional tricone bits or junk-style
mills
HAL9254

EZ Drill® Bridge Plug

4-54 Cased-Hole Wireline Services


Fas Drill® Bridge Plugs
The Fas Drill® bridge plug allows oil and gas operators to run
multiple drillable bridge plugs in a well for stimulation and
workover operations, then drill out in one fast, easy
operation.

Fas Drill bridge plugs are used in a manner similar to


conventional, drillable bridge plugs and can be set on tubing,
on drillpipe, or with conventional tools, such as electric
wireline. An adaptor kit is required for setting tools. Setting
equipment and operation are identical for both versions.

Standard Fas Drill bridge plugs have operational limits of


250°F with 5,000 psi differential from either direction. HPHT
models have operating limits of 350°F with an 8,000 or
10,000 psi differential.

Applications
Run multiple drillable bridge plugs for stimulation and
workover operations

Features
• Consists of composites and a packer set, giving it
minimal ferrous metal content
• Can be set with electric wireline setting tools, slickline
setting tools, coiled tubing setting tools, or mechanical
setting tools
• Isolates lower zones during squeeze cementing
operations on land-based or offshore rigs in vertical or
deviated wells
• Functions as a bridge plug in multizone stimulation
treatments
HAL12041

Fas Drill® Bridge Plug

Cased-Hole Wireline Services 4-55


4-56 Cased-Hole Wireline Services

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