Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SPP Circuit
SPP Circuit
Generally, an induction motor burns out due to excessive voltage during off hour, a
very low voltage during peak hours along with an unequal phase voltage and a
single phasing (missing of one phase completely from the 3-phase supply). It is,
therefore, considered essential to install a single phasing preventer in addition to
the starter. The starter happens to provide overload protection only and therefore it
cannot prevent the motor from burning out under aforementioned conditions of
the supply voltage. But, under such conditions, this preventer circuit helps to
protect the motor by bringing it to a halt automatically. You might as well check out
another project similar to this one, on single phasing preventer “Single Phase
Preventer with under over voltage cutout“.
The potential difference is fed to the bridge rectifier through a preset. As a result,
the bridge rectifier conducts to forward bias transistor T3. The transistor, in turn,
actuates the cut-off relay circuit to disconnect the supply to the motor. The preset
VR3 can be adjusted against the unbalanced supply. In other words, if 5% or 10%
unbalanced supply is admissible, VR3 can be adjusted so as not to actuate the
circuit when the unbalanced supply is less than 5% or 10%.
If the line voltage falls very low, the Zener diode Z2 will not break down (under good
supply condition Z2 is adjusted by preset VR2 to its breakdown state). This in turn,
removes all forward bias from the transistor T2. Hence, the transistor T2 does not
conduct and the relay is de-energized, and stops the motor by breaking the no-volt
circuit of the starter.
If the voltage rises excessively, the zener diode (which is adjusted by preset so as
not to conduct when the line voltage is within the specified limits) will break down
and drive the transistor T1. Consequently, the motor stops.
Testing can be carried out by the techniques used in repairing transistorized circuits.
The following steps are recommended:
3. If the relay is in operative state, adjust VR1 and VR2 such that the relay
gets de-energized at certain points. If the relay stays at the same
energized position, search for short in T2 or ZD2.
4. Disconnect one phase from the RC network and observe the relay’s state;
it should be de-energized. If not, suspect faulty components of the RC
network, the bridge rectifier and the transistor T3.
3. Increase the voltage to 470V and set VR1 to pull down the
relay.
6. N1 is Neon Lamp
R1 = 470 Ω, 1W
VR1, VR2 = 5 K KΩ
VR3 = 220 KΩ
Capacitors
Semiconductors
D1 – D8 = 1N4007
T1, T2 = CIL333
Miscellaneous
(This article was originally posted on December 18, 2016 and updated on May 16,
2021)
Share this: