BAHRIA UNIVERSITY (KARACHI CAMPUS)

OPEN ENDED LAB ASSIGNMENT

Power System Protection (Lab)
COURSE CODE (EEL-474)

Class: BEE-7A
Lab Instructor: Engr. Khadija Jalal Duration: 2 weeks
Date: 02-01-24 Max Marks: 06
Student’s Name: VANEEZA AHMED Reg. No: 02-133202-003

[CLO–3, PLO–3, P-4]

OBJECTIVE:
A control circuit is required to start and stop the three phase induction motor from two locations
to save the technician’s time to control the motor. Construct a three-phase circuit power and
control diagram by following steps:
a. Install all types of protection devices for overload and current protection.
b. Install the emergency stop for emergency shutdown or in case of any accident with the
operator.
c. Implement the motor protection scheme on the hardware and verify the control scheme.

Deliverables:
Compile a comprehensive report for above tasks that should comprises of following details:

1. Protection devices and equipment used for implementation.

2. Procedure / Methods used with rational.
3. Power and Control Schematic
4. Detail discussion on the obtained results.
5. Conclusions.
 DESIGN AND IMLEMENTATION OF A DUAL-LOCATION CONTROL
CIRCUIT FOR A THREE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR

INTRODUCTION:
Three-Phase Induction Motor:
Three-phase induction motors are widely used in various industrial applications due to their
efficiency, reliability, and robust design. These motors operate on the principle of
electromagnetic induction, where a rotating magnetic field is created, inducing currents in the
rotor, resulting in motion. Their simplicity, low maintenance requirements, and ability to handle
heavy loads make them indispensable in industries such as manufacturing, HVAC systems, water
pumping, and more.
Purpose of Control Circuit:
Control circuits for three-phase induction motors serve the critical function of managing the start,
stop, and operation of the motor. They enable precise control over the motor's speed, direction,
and other parameters, contributing to efficient and safe operation. These circuits are essential for
maintaining operational flexibility, enabling seamless integration into various industrial
processes.
Advantages of Dual-Location Control:
Dual-location control for three-phase induction motors offers substantial benefits by enabling
remote starting or stopping from two different locations. This time-saving feature is particularly
advantageous in large industrial settings where motors are positioned far from control panels.
Enhancing operational convenience, it streamlines technician workflows, leading to heightened
productivity.

In this report, we aim to design and implement a control circuit for a three-phase induction motor
that allows starting and stopping from two different locations to enhance operational flexibility.
Additionally, the circuit will incorporate various protection devices to ensure the safety of the
motor and the operators. An emergency stop feature will be included for quick shutdown in case
of accidents or emergencies.

PROTECTION DEVICES AND EQUIPMENT USED FOR IMPLEMENTATION:

1. MCB Breaker (Miniature Circuit Breaker):
Purpose: Offers short-circuit and overload protection by interrupting the circuit during
abnormal conditions.
Application: Safeguards the electrical system against excessive current flow.
2. ELCB Breaker (Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker):
Purpose: Detects and interrupts the circuit in case of leakage to earth, preventing electric
shock and fire hazards.
Application: Enhances safety by monitoring current imbalances and responding to ground
faults.

3. Lamps:
Purpose: Used as indicator lights to visually signal the status of the circuit or motor
operation.
Application: Provides visual feedback on the operational state, facilitating diagnostics.

4. Three-Phase Motor:
Purpose: Converts electrical energy into mechanical energy for various industrial
applications.
Application: The core component that the control circuit is designed to protect and control.

5. Magnetic Contactor:
Purpose: Controls the power supply to the motor, enabling remote starting and stopping.
Application: Essential for efficient motor control, particularly in dual-location setups.

6. Thermal Overload Relay:

Purpose: Protects the motor from overheating by tripping the circuit when it detects
prolonged overloads.
Application: Enhances motor longevity and prevents damage during high-load conditions.

7. Push Button:
Purpose: Manual control device used to initiate or stop motor operation.
Application: Enables manual interaction with the control circuit, offering a simple and
intuitive interface for operators.

These protection devices and equipment collectively form a comprehensive system that
ensures the safe and efficient operation of the three-phase induction motor. The combination
of circuit breakers, contactors, and overload relays, along with visual indicators and manual
control devices, creates a robust control and protection scheme for industrial motor
applications.

PROCEDURE USED WITH RATIONAL FOR IMPLEMENTING A TWO-

LOCATION MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM:
The procedure used with rational for implementing a two location motor control system are:
1. Installation of Motor Control Panel
2. Installation of Remote Start/Stop Station
3. Wiring Connection:
4. Motor Start/Stop Circuit
5. Interlocking Mechanism
6. Indicator Lights:
7. Emergency Stop:
8. Testing and Commissioning:
To implement a dual-location control system for starting and stopping a three-phase induction
motor, a systematic procedure is followed. Firstly, a motor control panel is strategically
installed near the motor, housing essential components like contactors, overloads, and control
circuitry. This placement minimizes wiring complexities and ensures efficient control.
Additionally, a remote start/stop station is installed at a second location, providing
technicians with the flexibility to control the motor conveniently. Wiring connections
between the motor control panel and the remote station are established meticulously to
guarantee reliable communication. The control circuit is designed with start and stop push
buttons at both locations, allowing for seamless motor operation initiation from either site.
Interlocking mechanisms are incorporated to prevent simultaneous operations, mitigating the
risk of conflicts and damage. Indicator lights installed at both locations offer visual feedback
on the motor's operational status, aiding in quick diagnostics. Emergency stop buttons are
integrated at both the motor control panel and the remote station, providing swift shutdown
options in case of emergencies. Thorough testing of the entire control system, including
start/stop functionality from both locations, is conducted to ensure proper operation. This
comprehensive approach not only optimizes technician efficiency by saving time and effort
but also prioritizes safety through emergency stop features and interlocking mechanisms,
contributing to an overall streamlined and reliable motor control system.
POWER AND CONTROL SCHEMATIC OF DUAL LOCATION CIRCUIT OF
THREE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTOR:
The simulation circuit comprises of two parts that is
1. Power circuit (as shown in Figure 1)
2. Control circuit(as shown in Figure 2)

Figure 1: Power diagram of Dual-Location circuit of three-phase induction motor:

The power Diagram consist of Lamps , MCB(miniature circuit breaker), ELCB (earth leakage
circuit breaker), contactor KM1 and the three-phase induction motor.
 Figure 2: Control Diagram of dual location circuit of three-phase induction motor:

The control diagram consist of KM1 contactor, MCB (miniation circuit breaker), start/stop button
and emergency button.
 Figure 3: Complete Diagram of dual location circuit of three-phase induction motor:

Figure 4: Complete Diagram of dual location circuit of three-phase induction motor (running
state)

DETAILED DISCUSSION ON OBTAINED RESULTS:

The implementation of the dual-location control circuit for a three-phase induction motor yielded
several noteworthy results and observations:
1. Efficient Motor Control:
The dual-location control system effectively allowed the initiation and termination of motor
operations from both the motor control panel and the remote station. This enhanced operational
efficiency, as technicians could conveniently control the motor from different locations based on
their proximity to the equipment.

2. Wiring Integrity:
The meticulous wiring connections between the motor control panel and the remote start/stop
station ensured reliable communication between control devices. This contributed to the seamless
operation of the dual-location control system, minimizing the risk of signal interference or
disruptions.

3. Interlocking Mechanism Success:

The incorporation of interlocking mechanisms proved successful in preventing simultaneous
operations from both locations. This feature was crucial in avoiding conflicts and potential
damage to the motor, highlighting the importance of safety measures in the control system.

4. Indicator Lights for Visual Feedback:

The installation of indicator lights at both locations provided quick visual feedback on the motor's
operational status. This feature facilitated efficient diagnostics, allowing technicians to assess the
motor's condition without physically inspecting the equipment.

5. Emergency Stop Functionality:

The emergency stop buttons, located at both the motor control panel and the remote station,
demonstrated rapid shutdown capabilities. In simulated emergency scenarios, the system
promptly cut power to the motor, emphasizing the crucial role of emergency stop features in
ensuring operator and equipment safety.

6. Testing and Commissioning Success:

Thorough testing and commissioning of the dual-location control system confirmed its proper
operation. The system's start/stop functionality from both locations was verified, and adjustments
were made as necessary to address any potential issues. This testing phase validated the reliability
and effectiveness of the implemented control scheme.
Apart from these this dual-location control circuit of three-phase induction motor also has user-
friendly operation, saving time for technicians, reliable motor response, safe and efficient.

CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, implementing a dual-location control system for a three-phase induction motor
equipped with protection devices and an emergency stop feature, ensures the safe and enhances
operational efficiency and time management for technicians.The combination of well-designed
wiring connections, interlocking mechanisms, indicator lights, and emergency stop features
contributed to a robust and reliable motor control system. This protection mechanisms effectively
prevent motor damage, and the emergency stop provides a rapid shutdown option in critical
situations, contributes to improved productivity and reduced operational costs. This control
scheme enhances operational convenience and operator safety.

OVERALL OBSERVATIONS:
1. Efficient dual-location motor control enhances operational flexibility and convenience for
technicians.
2. Meticulous wiring connections ensure reliable communication between control devices,
minimizing the risk of signal disruptions.
3. Successful implementation of interlocking mechanisms prevents conflicts and potential
damage during simultaneous operations.
4. Indicator lights offer quick visual feedback, aiding in efficient diagnostics without physical
inspection.
5. Emergency stop functionality provides swift and effective shutdown options, prioritizing
operator and equipment safety.
6. Thorough testing and commissioning validate the reliability and effectiveness of the dual-
location control system.

This dual-location control circuit for a three-phase induction motor not only streamlines
operational procedures but also establishes a foundation for safe and efficient motor management
in industrial settings.