Design for Quality

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 In contrast to the old, conventional, or sequential
product design method, Concurrent Engineering
focuses on customer satisfaction, on teamwork, as
well as on:
◦ Total-lifecycle issues.
◦ Design for Manufacturing,
◦ Design for Assembly
◦ Design for Quality
◦ Design for Maintenance

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1. Performance
◦ main characteristics of the product/service
2. Aesthetics
◦ appearance, feel, smell, taste
3. Special features
◦ extra characteristics
4. Conformance
◦ how well product/service conforms to customer’s
expectations
5. Safety
◦ Risk of injury

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6. Reliability
◦ consistency of performance
7. Durability
◦ useful life of the product/service
8. Perceived Quality
◦ indirect evaluation of quality (e.g. reputation)
9. Service after sale
◦ handling of customer complaints or checking on
customer satisfaction

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Dimension (Product) (Service)
Automobile Auto Repair
1. Performance Everything works, fit & All work done, at a
finish price
Ride, handling, grade of Friendliness, cour
materials used Competency, quic
2. Aesthetics Interior design, soft touch Clean work/waiting

3. Special features Gauge/control placement Location, call whe

Convenience Cellular phone, CD Computer diagnos
High tech player

4. Safety Antilock brakes, airbags Separate waiting a

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Dimension (Product) (Service)
Automobile Auto Repair
5. Reliability Infrequency of breakdowns Work done corr
ready when pro

6. Durability Useful life in miles, resistance Work holds up o

to rust & corrosion time

7. Perceived Top-rated car Award-winning

quality department

8. Service after Handling of complaints and/or Handling of com

sale requests for information
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 Design is more
responsible for quality
than most people
realize
 “One-third of all
quality-control
problems originate in
the product’s design”
Juran

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 Designer  The product’s design
1. determine the really determines the
number of parts factory processes.
2. decide which are
purchased
3. select the purchased
parts
4. design the rest of the
parts
5. determine how the
parts must be
assembled
6. and specify how the
parts function
together.

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 Manufacturing may  Manufacturing can be
expend substantial seriously disrupted by
effort to try to ensure diagnostics, rework,
high quality to excess, inventory,
compensate for firefighting, and
insufficient attention quality control efforts.
devoted to the inherent
quality of design.

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 80% of a product’s lifetime costs are
determined by the first which is the design.
 Similarly, a large percentage of the products
quality is determined by design.

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 Understand past quality problems
 Simplify the design and processing
 Chose parts for quality
 Minimize Cumulative Effects
 Mistake-proof the Design
 Document thoroughly
 Implement incentives that reward quality

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 Mistake-proof the design so parts cannot be
assembled wrongly or products manufactured
incorrectly.
 Features can be added to prevent incorrect
assembly, such as alignment pins or tabs, unique
geometries and shapes, and markings to indicate
correct assembly and aid in inspection.

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 To be competitive, we must satisfy the
customer.
 In order to be more competitive, we must
delight the customer
 Quality is defined here as the measure of
customer delightment. ....
 To delight the customer, we must design for
quality
(Dean, 1998)

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 Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is an
approach that aims to systematically
ensure that customer requirements are
included in a product.
 This is done by identifying customer
requirements, and mapping these
requirements into specific design features.

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