Quran Onudhabon by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib

Contents
Contents
1 KziAvb Abyaveb 1
KziAvb Abyaveb
gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje
nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k

Contents
2 KziAvb Abyaveb 2
KziAvb Abyaveb
cÖKvkK
nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k
bI`vcvov, ivRkvnx-6203
nv.dv.ev. cÖKvkbv-79
†dvb I d¨v· : 0247-860861

/ :
" #$% &'() "*#) +,* - ( )
0123/ 4(1 567 81 9 : ./
((/ ; "<=>? 0123/ 81 % " :#)
1g cÖKvk
Rygv`vj Ejv 1439 wn./gvN 1424 evs/†deª“qvix 2018 L„.
\ me©¯^Z¡ cÖKvk‡Ki \
gy`ª‡Y
nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb †cÖm, bI`vcvov, ivRkvnx
wba©vwiZ g~j¨
25 (cuwPk) UvKv gvÎ
@Quran Onudhabon by Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al-

Ghalib. Professor (Rtd) of Arabic, University of Rajshahi,
Bangladesh. Published by: HADEETH FOUNDATION
BANGLADESH. Nawdapara, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Ph. & Fax :
88-0471-860861. Mob. 01770-800900. E-mail :
tahreek@ymail.com. Web : www. ahlehadeethbd.org
Contents
3 KziAvb Abyaveb 3
m~PxcÎ (A1B)
welq c„ôv
cÖKvk‡Ki wb‡e`b 5
KziAvb Abyaveb 6
KziAvb Abyave‡bi g~jbxwZ 7
KziAvb Abyave‡bi ¸i“Z¡ 7
KziAvb Abyave‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv 9
(1) Avj−vn&i Av‡`k-wb‡la AeMZ nIqv I †m Abyhvqx Avgj 9
Kiv
(2) Cgvb e„w× cvIqv 9
(3) Avj−vnfxwZ AR©b 10
(4) mvwe©K †n`vqvZ jvf 11
(5) KziAv‡bi ¯^v` Av¯^v`b I ü`‡q cÖkvwš— jvf 11
(6) Avj−vn&i wKZv‡ei Rb¨ `Êvqgvb nIqv 11
(7) nvjvj-nvivg Rvbv 12
(8) wfZi I evB‡ii †ivM mg~‡ni Av‡ivM¨ 13
Abyaveb QvovB cvV Kivi ¶wZ 14
KziAvb Abyave‡bi dhxjZ 15
KziAvb Abyave‡b ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) 15
KziAvb Abyave‡b Qvnvev‡q †Kivg 17
KziAvb Abyave‡bi A_© 19
KziAv‡bi gbMov e¨vL¨v `v‡bi wei“‡× mveavbevYx 20
KziAvb Abyave‡bi kZ©vejx 22
Contents
4 KziAvb Abyaveb 4
AjsKvi kv‡¯¿i wewfbœ †kªYx I ¯—i 22

Zvdmx‡ii msÁv 23
KziAvb Abyave‡bi kZ©vejx 24
(1) Avie‡ì evKixwZ Rvbv 24
(2) Avie‡ì D”PviY I wjLb c×wZi Ávb _vKv 25
(4) Avj−vnfxi“Zv 26
(4) `ª“Z Zvdmx‡ii mvnm bv Kiv 27
(5) KziAv‡bi AvnKvg wbw`©ó Ki‡Y `~i`„wó 30
(6) bv‡mL-gvbm~‡Li Ávb AR©b 31
Zvdmxi I Zvexj-Gi cv_©K¨ 35
nv`xQ e¨ZxZ KziAv‡bi e¨vL¨v Av‡`Š m¤¢e bq 40
mybœvn I Awfavb 42
nv`x‡Qi kviC gh©v`v I Zvi D‡Ïk¨ 47
wìvqvZ ev eyw×jä Áv‡bi g~jbxwZ : 49
KziAvb Abyave‡bi Dcvq mg~n 49
(1) Aviex fvlvq cvwÊZ¨ AR©b Kiv 49
(2) Qvnvev‡q †Kivg I mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi eyS Abyhvqx 50
Abyaveb Kiv
(3) Avj−vnfxi“ I nv`xQcš’x D¯—v‡ì wbKU KziAvb wk¶v Kiv 51
(4) `ywbqv`vi Av‡jg I gydvmwmi nÕ‡Z weiZ _vKv 51
(5) k‡ãi m~² ZË¡ Abyhvqx gg©v_© †ck Kiv 52
Contents
5 KziAvb Abyaveb 5

cÖKvk‡Ki wb‡e`b (./ "?)

cweÎ KziAvb gvbe RwZi †n`vqv‡Zi Rb¨ Avj−vn †cÖwiZ me©‡kl
Gjvnx MÖš’| hv mZ¨ I wg_¨vi gvb`Ê| gvbyl hZw`b KziAvb Abyhvqx
wb‡R‡ì Rxeb cwiPvjbv Ki‡e, ZZw`b Zviv my‡L-kvwš—‡Z _vK‡e|
Avi hLbB G†_‡K wePz¨Z n‡e, ZLbB Zviv Akvwš—i AwMœ MnŸ‡i
wbw¶ß n‡e| KziAv‡bi †n`vqvZ Abyhvqx Rxeb cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ¡
hv‡ì wQj, †mB gymwjg D¤§vn AvR KziAvb †_‡K Kvh©Zt gyL wdwi‡q
wb‡q‡Q| gymjgvb‡ì cÖwZwôZ ivóª mg~‡ni c„ô‡cvlKZvq eo eo
wek¦we`¨vjq Pj‡Q, wKš‘ †Kv_vI KziAvb M‡elYvi h_vh_ eë¯’v †bB|
ag©xq cÖwZôvb¸wj‡ZI ch©vß my‡hvM †bB| d‡j Rxe‡bi mvgvb¨ Ask
e¨ZxZ gymjgv‡bi ej‡Z †M‡j mvwe©K RxebB Pj‡Q wb‡R‡ì gbMov
weavb Abyhvqx| d‡j KziAvb GLb gywgb‡ì wbKU eiKZ jv‡fi MÖš’
n‡q‡Q, weavb MÖš’ bq|
cweÎ KziAv‡bi Aåvš— Drm †_‡K kvk¦Z Kj¨vY jv‡fi Rb¨ KziAvb
Abyave‡bi cÖwZ gvby‡li AvMÖn e„w×i j‡¶¨ ÔKziAvb AbyavebÕ
wk‡ivbv‡g m¤§vwbZ †jL‡Ki e¶gvb wbeÜwU gvwmK AvZ-ZvnixK
A‡±vei, b‡f¤î, wW‡m¤î 2016, 20/1-3 msL¨v Ôì‡m KziAvbÕ
Kjv‡g cÖKvwkZ nq| hv gvbbxq †jL‡Ki nv‡Z cwigvR©b †k‡l cy¯—
KvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ nÕj|
Avj−vn gvbbxq †jLK Ges Zuvi wcZv-gvZv I cwievieM©‡K BnKv‡j I
ciKv‡j m‡e©vËg Rvhv `vb Ki“b- Avgxb!
webxZ
-cÖKvkK
Contents
6 KziAvb Abyaveb 6
KziAvb Abyaveb

:
Avj−vn e‡jb,
=#
& $2*<-* :;; $ '8 9- %$$&$ 4& 5&$67 (33 $& 0" 1$ $2( .
$ ,-/& ( $)*+$ ,- #
" $%'&
Abyev` : ÔGwU GK Kj¨vYgq wKZve, hv Avgiv †Zvgvi cÖwZ bvwhj
K‡iwQ| hv‡Z Zviv Gi AvqvZmg~n Abyaveb K‡i Ges Ávbxiv Dc‡`k
MÖnY K‡iÕ (†Qvqv` 38/29)|
AÎ Avqv‡Z Avj−vn gvbyl‡K KziAvb M‡elYv I Zvi Zvrch© Abyave‡bi
cÖwZ ¸i“Z¡ Av‡ivc K‡i‡Qb| GKB g‡g© KziAv‡b eû AvqvZ G‡m‡Q|
†hgb ejv n‡q‡Q, ( B
$ :$ - & & ,A- & ),& , & ?- -' :, -$ ?- 7, @; * ?- (3$ %$6$
- >--
=EFG&'- D>
- %&C, 4& &> ÔZviv †Kb KziAvb wb‡q M‡elYv K‡i bv? hw` GUv
Avj−vn e¨ZxZ Ab¨ Kvi“ wbKU †_‡K AvmZ, ZvnÕ‡j Zviv Gi g‡a¨ eû
Miwgj †`L‡Z †cZÕ (wbmv 4/82)| hviv KziAvb M‡elYv K‡ibv, Zv‡ì
cÖwZ agK w`‡q Avj−vn e‡jb,=$K;-LJ* - #
I :;J; H-$ , - ?- 7,@; * ?- (3$ %$6$
- >--
ÔZ‡e wK Zviv KziAvb‡K Mfxifv‡e Abyaveb K‡i bv? bvwK Zv‡ì
ü`q¸wj Zvjve×?Õ (gynv¤§v` 47/24)|
ÔZv`veŸyiÕ A_© wPš—v-M‡elYv| Gi wecixZ nÕj D`vmxbZv I AÁZv|
†h †Kvb wel‡q wPš—v-M‡elYv g~j wRwbl| GUv bv _vK‡j Ávb m¤úbœ
cÖvYx wnmv‡e gvby‡li c„_K †Kvb g~j¨ _v‡K bv| ÔKziAvbÕ Avj−vn&i
Kvjvg| whwb Áv‡bi Avavi| Zuvi Adziš— Áv‡bi fvÊvi †_‡K wKQz
Ask wZwb ev›`v‡ì g‡a¨ eÈb K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| gvbyl‡K Kj¨v‡Yi c‡_
cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wZwb KziAvb bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Zv‡ì †evaMg¨ I
mnR‡eva¨ fvlvq| wKš‘ AwaKvsk gvbyl Zv Abyaveb K‡i bv| d‡j
Zviv kqZv‡bi Kzn‡K c‡o cÖew„ Ëi Zvobvq PvwjZ nq| hviv cvV K‡i,
Contents
7 KziAvb Abyaveb 7
Zviv ey‡S bv| Avevi hviv wk‡L, Zviv Abyaveb K‡i bv| A‡b‡K Dëv
ey‡S gvbyl‡K weåvš— K‡i| d‡j wb‡Riv ewÂZ nq| Ab¨‡KI ewÂZ
K‡i|
KziAvb Abyave‡bi g~jbxwZ :
KziAvb Abyave‡bi cÖavb g~jbxwZ nÕj, KziAv‡bi whwb evnK, Zuvi eyS
Abyhvqx KziAvb Abyaveb Kiv| AZtci wZwb hv‡ì‡K KziAvb
ïwb‡q‡Qb I hv‡ì wbKU KziAvb e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb, †mB gnvb
QvnvexM‡Yi eyS Abyhvqx KziAvb Abyaveb Kiv| Gi evB‡i
K‡cvjKwíZ e¨vL¨v w`‡Z †M‡j c_åó nevi m¤¢vebv †_‡K hv‡e|
†hgb G hy‡Mi R‰bK gydZx KziAv‡bi 8wU AvqvZ w`‡q gxjv`
Abyôv‡bi cÖgvY w`‡q‡Qb| A_P gxjv‡ì Avwe®‹viB n‡q‡Q ivm~j
(Qvt)-Gi g„Zzï eû c‡i 605 A_ev 625 wnRix‡Z|1
KziAvb Abyave‡bi ¸i“Z¡ :
KziAvb bvwh‡ji g~j D‡Ïk¨B nÕj Zv‡K eySv, Abyaveb Kiv I †m
Abyhvqx KvR Kiv| ïaygvÎ cvV Kiv I gyL¯’ Kiv bq| hwÌ Zv‡Z
i‡q‡Q A‡kl †bKx| ÔKmvBÕ e‡j L¨vZ Biv‡Ki kvmK nv¾vR web
BDmyd (40-95 wn./661-714 L„.) cÖwZ iv‡Z wmwK KziAvb co‡Zb
A_©vr Pviw`‡b KziAvb LZg Ki‡Zb Ges Zuvi D‡`¨v‡MB cÖ_g
KziAv‡b byKZv I niKZ †Ìqv nq|2 A_P Av‡jg‡ì Dci
wbh©vZ‡bi Rb¨ BwZnv‡m wZwb KzL¨vZ| †mKviY nvmvb evQix (21-110
wn./642-728 L„.) e‡jb, ÔAvj−vn&i Kmg! KziAvb Abyave‡bi A_©
†Kej Gi nid¸wj †ndh Kiv Ges Gi û`~` ev mxgv‡iLv¸wj webó
Kiv bq| hv‡Z GKRb ej‡e †h, mg¯— KziAvb †kl K‡iwQ| A_P Zvi
Pwi‡Î I K‡g© KziAvb †bBÕ|3 wZwb ej‡Zb, ÔKziAvb bvwhj n‡q‡Q Zv
1. evsjvq wjwLZ D³ eBwU †jL‡Ki wbKU i‡q‡Q|

2. Zvdmxi KziZzex, f~wgKv Ask 1/101|
3. Beby KvQxi, Zvdmxi m~iv †Qvqv` 29 AvqvZ|
Contents
8 KziAvb Abyaveb 8
eySvi Rb¨ I †m Abyhvqx Avgj Kivi Rb¨| AZGe †Zvgiv Zvi

†ZjvIqvZ‡K Avg‡j cwiYZ KiÕ|4
†R¨ô Zv‡eC gynv¤§v` web KvÔe Avj-Kzivhx e‡jb, ÔdRi ch©š— cyiv
iv‡Z m~iv whjhvj I K¡v‡iÔAvn cvV Kiv Ges Zvi †ekx cvV bv Kiv
Avgvi wbK‡U AwaK wcÖq, mviv ivwÎ KziAvb †ZjvIqv‡Zi PvB‡ZÕ|5
Gi Øviv wZwb KziAvb Abyave‡bi ¸i“Z¡ eywS‡q‡Qb|
Beby Rvixi Z¡vevix (224-310 wn./839-923 L„.) e‡jb, ÔKziAvb
Abyaveb A_© Avj−vn&i Aw¯—‡Z¡i cÖgvYmg~n Abyaveb Kiv, Zuvi weavb
mg~n Rvbv, Zuvi Dc‡`k mg~n MÖnY Kiv I †m Abyhvqx Avgj KivÕ|6
myq~Zx (849-911 wn./1445-1505 L„.) e‡jb, ÔKziAvb Abyaveb
KivUvB nÕj g~j D‡Ïk¨| †Kbbv KziAvbB n‡e Kg©c×wZi I AvPi‡Yi
c_ cÖ`k©K| Gi gva¨‡gB gvbyl `ywbqv I Av‡Liv‡Z m‡e©v”P ¯’vb jvf
Ki‡eÕ|7
y −vn (Qvt) e‡jb, =
ivm~jj $ 6&C$ 7 4& & M( N
$ 6$$ E$:J* - #
& $%O& * -9K$ & M( >-, 6$ P ?8 /&
ÔwbðqB Avj−vn GB wKZv‡ei gva¨‡g eû m¤cÖ`vq‡K DuPz K‡ib I
A‡bK‡K bxPz K‡ibÕ|8 KziAv‡bi AbyavebKvix I AvgjKvix‡ì
ciKvjxb D”P gh©v`v m¤ú‡K© bvDIqvm web mvgÔAvb (ivt) e‡jb,
ÔAvwg ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ †h, wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b KziAvb I
Zvi evnK‡K Avbv n‡e| hviv Zvi Dci Avgj K‡iwQj| hv‡ì m¤§y‡L
_vK‡e m~iv evK¡vivn I Av‡j Bgivb| †m `yÕwU n‡e †gNgvjv m`„k|
hvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e PgKÕ|9
4. Bebyj K¡vBwqg, gv`vwiRym mvwjKxb (êiƒZ : ZvnKxK mn `vi“j wKZvwej ÔAvivex, 3q

ms¯‹iY 1416 wn./1996 L„.) 1/450|
5. Avãyj−vn Bebyj gyeviK, Avh-hyn&` (êiƒZ : `vi“j wKZvwej& Bjwgqvn, ZvnKxK :
nvexeyi ingvb AvÔhvgx, Zvwe) µwgK 287, c„. 97|
6. Beby Rvixi, Zvdmxi Z¡vevix m~iv †Qvqv` 29 AvqvZ|
7. myq~Zx¡ , Avj-BZK¡vb (wgmi : Avj-nvBAvZzj wgQwiBqvn, 1394/1974) 1/368|
8. gymwjg nv/817; wgkKvZ nv/2115|
Contents
9 KziAvb Abyaveb 9
KziAvb Abyave‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
(1) Avj−vn&i Av‡`k-wb‡la AeMZ nIqv I †m Abyhvqx Avgj Kiv :
GwUB nÕj cÖavb welq| Bn~`x Av‡jgiv ZvIivZ coZ I Zvi wecixZ
Avgj KiZ| GgbwK Zviv kvwãK cwieZ©b NUv‡Zv| bvQvivMY GKB
bxwZi Abymvix wQj| d‡j Dfq D¤§Z gvMh~e (Awfkß) I hvj−xb
(c_åó) n‡q †M‡Q|10 gymwjg D¤§vn&i Av‡jgivI †hb †m c‡_ bv
hvq| †mRb¨ mZK© K‡i Avj−vn Avn‡j wKZve‡ì Ae¯’v eY©bv K‡i
e‡jb, 4( $:(%(O
* 5$ - $ U
& 3)& 4( )3)(T2$%(- #
$ $%O& * :(5; $ 6&98 S
$ -G& R 9- C$ - Q* /&$
=?- ( %$]
, 6$ $ [
$ \*2&>-
D &J- E)$ Z- 4& & ,$ %$Y, $ , W& 1& :(KX; VP $1$ ( ;92$)$>- ÔAvi Avj−vn
hLb Avn‡j wKZve‡ì wbKU †_‡K A½xKvi wb‡jb †h, †Zvgiv
Aek¨B (†klbex gynv¤§v‡ì AvMgb I Zvi Dci Cgvb Avbvi welqwU)
†jvK‡ì wbKU eY©bv Ki‡e Ges Zv †Mvcb Ki‡e bv| AZtci Zviv
Zv cðv‡Z wb‡¶c Kij Ges †Mvcb Kivi wewbg‡q Zv ¯^íg~‡j¨ weµq
Kij| KZB bv wbK…ó Zv‡ì µq-weµqÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 3/187)|
(2) Cgvb e„w× cvIqv :
KziAvb Abyaveb K‡i cvV Ki‡j cvV‡Ki Cgvb e„w× cvq| cÖwZwU
AvqvZ I m~iv Zvi g‡bi g‡a¨ Mfxifv‡e †iLvcvZ K‡i| KviY Gmgq
Zvi †PvL-Kvb-ü`q mewKQz KziAv‡bi g‡a¨ Wy‡e _v‡K| Gw`‡K Bw½Z
K‡iB Avj−vn e‡jb, & 9& W$ 4( 5,c$ $d , O
; 6b- a; :;@6$ , $ , K( ),& >- _1$ :(` ^
, -+& ,; $ -Q/&$
=?- (]
& 2,%$, 6$ , W( $ E$e/& , K( 5,c$ $+>- :()$ 7 $ 6&98 3<->- E$e/& ÔAvi hLb †Kvb m~iv
bvwhj nq, ZLb Zv‡ì g‡a¨Kvi wKQz (gykwiK) †jvK e‡j, GB m~iv
†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ Kvi Cgvb e„w× Kij? e¯‘Zt hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q, G m~iv
Zv‡ì Cgvb e„w× K‡i‡Q Ges Zviv mymsev` jvf K‡i‡QÕ (ZIevn
9/124)| wZwb AviI e‡jb, ^ , -B& $ R $ '& Q; -Q/& $ 6&98 ?- :()& f, ( * $3/&
=?- :;'8 :$ %$6$ , K& T1$ H-$ $ E$e/& , K( 5,c$ $d 4( 5($67 , K& ,-$ ^
, $&5( -Q/&$ , K( (:;J; ÔwbðqB
10. wZiwghx nv/2954; Zvdmxi“j KziAvb (3q gy`ªY : b‡f¤î 2013 wLªt) c„. 31-33|
Contents
10 KziAvb Abyaveb 10
gywgb ZvivB, hLb Zv‡ì wbKU Avj−vn&‡K ¯§iY Kiv nq, ZLb Zv‡ì
Aš—i mg~n f‡q †Ku‡c I‡V| Avi hLb Zv‡ì Dci Zuvi AvqvZmg~n
cvV Kiv nq, ZLb Zv‡ì Cgvb e„w× cvq Ges Zviv Zv‡ì
cÖwZcvj‡Ki Dci fimv K‡iÕ (Avbdvj 8/2)|
(3) Avj−vnfxwZ AR©b :
Abyave‡bi mv‡_ KziAvb cvV Kivi gva¨‡g ü`q-gb wknwiZ nq|
Avj−vn&i Amxg ¶gZv AewnZ n‡q f‡q Aš—i RMZ †Ku‡c I‡V| d‡j
cvc wPš—v `~ixf~Z nq Ges Avj−vn&i Dci fimv K‡i ü`‡q cÖkvwš— jvf
nq| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, $ &-G$ EK&$]%$( E$%'& g
& 6& h
$ * $ $ , - a- +3 $ R
& '* Q& H-/& , K( (:;J;$ , W( c( :;B( j( &5$ 3 Z; , K( 31$ ?- :, ]
$i
, 6$ $ 6&98 c( :;B( 4( ),& b & ]
$ @* 5$
=cI $W , & 4( - $>- R m& &N , 6( , $ $ VR $]6$ , $ 4& & l& K, 6$ & k$ W( . $ &Q- &
ÔAvj−vn m‡e©vËg evYx (KziAvb) bvwhj K‡i‡Qb hv ci¯ú‡i mvgÄm¨c~Y©
Ges hv cybt cybt cvV Kiv nq| G‡Z Zv‡ì †`nPg© f‡q KuvUv w`‡q
I‡V, hviv Zv‡ì cÖwZcvjK‡K fq K‡i| AZtci Zv‡ì †`ngb
cÖkvš— n‡q Avj−vn&i ¯§i‡Y Suy‡K c‡o| GwU (KziAvb) nÕj Avj−vn&i
c_wb‡`©k| Gi gva¨‡g wZwb hv‡K Pvb c_ cÖ`k©b K‡ib| Avi hv‡K
Avj−vn c_åó K‡ib, Zv‡K c_ †`Lv‡bvi †KD †bBÕ (hygvi 39/23)|
Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb, 4& &2,J-
, & $ * & * :(5; $ 6&98 ?8 /& :()& f, 5( - , - 4& & :()& 7 m* J;
( , $ ?- -' ?* /& $)T1$ ?- $h2,`( ?- :;:;@6$$ =E n 3 `( ?& -JQ* <-* & ?- bi
& 6$ , K& ,-$ H-%,6( -Q/&
=E:(]C( , W( ( 6&+6$$ ?- :;O2,6$ ?& -JQ* <-* & ?- bi
& 6$$ =D:(L* $ - $)T1$ ÔZzwg e‡j `vI
(†n Awek¦vmxMY!), †Zvgiv KziAv‡b wek¦vm Av‡bv ev bv Av‡bv (GwU
wbwðZfv‡e mZ¨)| hv‡ì‡K BwZc~‡e© Ávb `vb Kiv n‡q‡Q (Avn‡j
wKZv‡ei mr Av‡jgMY), hLb Zv‡ì Dci GwU cvV Kiv nq, ZLbB
Zviv wmR`vq jywU‡q c‡oÕ| ÔAvi Zviv e‡j, gnvcweÎ Avgv‡ì
cvjbKZ©v! Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvj‡Ki cÖwZkÖ“wZ Aek¨B Kvh©Ki nqÕ| ÔAvi
Zviv Kuv`‡Z Kuv`‡Z gvwU‡Z jywU‡q c‡o Ges Zv‡ì webq AviI e„w×
cvqÕ (Bmiv 17/107-09)| Beby nvRvi (773-852 wn.) e‡jb, Lyk~Ô-
Contents
Lyh~Ô Z_v Avj−vnfxwZ AR©b KivB KziAvb †ZjvIqv‡Zi g~j
D‡Ïk¨(& $
- %T c( :(@* $ :$ W( l&98 p
$ :(]i
( *)|11
(4) mvwe©K †n`vqvZ jvf :
Zvrch© Abyave‡bi gva¨‡g KziAvb cvV Ki‡j Rxe‡bi Pjvi c‡_
mvwe©K †n`vqvZ jvf Kiv hvq| †QvU-LvU welq¸wj ZLb eo n‡q †`Lv
†`q bv| eis e„nËi Kj¨v‡Yi welq I mvwe©K g½‡ji welqwU Zvi
mvg‡b cÖwZfvZ nq| d‡j †m c_åó nIqv †_‡K †eu‡P hvq| Gw`‡K
Bw½Z K‡i Avj−vn e‡jb, ( ]T 2$6($ ( :$ J* - $ W& &%8& l& K, 6$ ?- 7,@; * -9W$ ?8 /&
EF2&'- EB, - , K( - ?8 - r
& $h&3 ?- :;$ , 6$ $ 6&98 j
$ )&& f, ( * Ôwbðq GB KziAvb
Ggb c‡_i wb‡`©kbv †`q hv mePvB‡Z mij| Avi Zv mrKg©kxj
gywgb‡ì mymsev` †`q †h, Zv‡ì Rb¨ i‡q‡Q gnv cyi¯‹viÕ (Bmiv
17/9)|
(5) KziAv‡bi ¯^v` Av¯^v`b I ü`‡q cÖkvwš— jvf :
KziAv‡bi kãvjsKvi eyS`vi cvV‡Ki Aš—‡i SsKvi †Zv‡j| Gi Mfxi
Zvrch© Ávb RMZ‡K PgwKZ K‡i| Gi weÁvb I AZxZ BwZnvm
gvbyl‡K nZwenŸj K‡i| eû ARvbv cÖ‡kœi DËi †c‡q ü`q cÖkvš—
nq| GK ch©v‡q mgwc©Z wPË cÖkvwš—‡Z f‡i hvq| Beby Rvixi Z¡vevix
e‡jb, ÔAvwg wew¯§Z nB H e¨w³i Rb¨, †h e¨w³ KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ
K‡i| A_P Gi Zvrch© Abyaveb K‡i bv| †m wKfv‡e Gi ¯^v` Av¯^v`b
Ki‡eÕ?12
(6) Avj−vn&i wKZv‡ei Rb¨ `Êvqgvb nIqv :
KziAv‡bi Zvrch© Abyaveb Ki‡Z cvi‡j Gi nK I mxgv‡iLv mg~n
Av`v‡q cvVK `Êvqgvb n‡e| Gi gh©v`v i¶vq DrmM©xZcÖvY n‡e|
me©ve¯’vq Gi cÖwZ kª×v †cvlY Ki‡e| Gw`‡K Bw½Z K‡iB ivm~jyj−vn
11. dvrûj evix nv/5048-Gi c~‡e© ÔZviRxÔ Aby‡”Q`-Gi Av‡jvPbv|

12. Beby Rvixi, Zvdmxi Z¡vevix, (êiƒZ : gyAvmmvmvZzi wimvjvn, 1g ms¯‹iY 1420/2000)
Ôf~wgKvÕ Aa¨vq 1/10 c„.|
Contents
(Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib, 4& &:(`$ &$ 4& &$%O

& &$ 4& 8& : a- -J t, $ & )$* J; s; h
$ &)3 ( 6T
, K& %&3 $$ j
$ & &, ( * s& 3 u&vP $ ÔØxb nÕj bQxnZÕ| Avgiv ejjvg, Kv‡ì
Rb¨ †n Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt)! wZwb ej‡jb, Avj−vn&i Rb¨, Zuvi
wKZv‡ei Rb¨, Zuvi ivm~‡ji Rb¨, gymwjg †bZ…e„‡›ì Rb¨ I mKj
gymjgv‡bi Rb¨Õ|13
GLv‡b 4& &%$O
& & s; h
$ ,
& )3 ÔAvj−vn&i wKZv‡ei Rb¨ bQxnZÕ-Gi Zvrch© nÕj
G wel‡q ü`‡q cwi”Qbœ Cgvb †cvlY Kiv †h, Avj−vn&i Kvjvg P~ovš—
mZ¨| GwU †Kvb gvby‡li Kvjv‡gi m`„k bq| Giƒc Kvjvg †Kvb m„wói
c‡¶ m¤¢e bq| AZtci Avj−vn&i wKZv‡ei h_v‡hvM¨ m¤§vb cÖ`k©b
Ki‡Z n‡e I kª×vebZ wP‡Ë †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi ÔgynKvgÕ ev
¯úó AvqvZ mg~‡ni A_© eyS‡Z n‡e| Zuvi Av‡`k-wb‡l‡ai Dc‡i
Avgj Ki‡Z n‡e I ÔgyZvkvwenÕ ev A¯úó A_©‡evaK AvqvZ mg~‡ni
Dc‡i Cgvb ivL‡Z n‡e †h, G¸wj Avj−vn †cÖwiZ Ges G¸wji cÖKZ …
Zvrch© †KejgvÎ Avj−vn Rv‡bb| Agymwjg weØvb‡ì AnsKvi P~Y©
Kivi Rb¨B G¸wj bvwhj n‡q‡Q| wKZv‡e ewY©Z weÁvbc~Y© AvqvZ
mg~‡n M‡elYv Ki‡Z n‡e| Zv †_‡K Av‡jv wb‡q mgv‡Ri Kj¨vY mvab
Kivi I mgvR cwiï× Kivi mva¨gZ †Póv Pvjv‡Z n‡e| GB Kvjv‡gi
m‡e©v”P gh©v`v i¶vi Rb¨ gymjgvb‡K me©`v `Êvqgvb _vK‡Z n‡e|14
(7) nvjvj-nvivg Rvbv :
Rxeb mswk−ó eû êa-A‰ea welq gvbyl Rvb‡Z cvi‡e KziAvb
Abyave‡bi gva¨‡g| hv Zvi êlwqK Rxeb‡K mwVK c‡_ cwiPvwjZ
Ki‡e Ges kqZv‡bi †auvKv †_‡K `~‡i _vK‡Z cvi‡e| †mKviY Avj−vn
e‡jb, ?& -w,]
3 r
& $:w; C( :(2&%35$ - $ sD >8-' & * T &> :;C( c, :()$ 7 $ 6&98 $K6b-$6
=j
" 2&( x ( $ , O; - 4( 3/& Ô†n wek¦vmxMY! †Zvgiv cwic~Y©fv‡e Bmjv‡g cÖ‡ek

14. G wel‡q we¯—vwiZ Rvbvi Rb¨ gvbbxq †jL‡Ki ÔØxb nÕj bQxnZÕ ì‡m nv`xQwU cvV
Ki“b, gvwmK AvZ-ZvnixK b‡f¤î 1997, 1/3 msL¨v|
Contents
Ki Ges kqZv‡bi c`vsK AbymiY Ki bv| wbðqB †m †Zvgv‡ì
cÖKvk¨ `ykgbÕ (evK¡vivn 2/208)|
(8) wfZi I evB‡ii †ivM mg~‡ni Av‡ivM¨ :
Mfxi Abyave‡bi mv‡_ KziAvb cv‡Vi gva¨‡g wfZiKvi eû m‡›`nev`
`~ixf~Z nq| eû Ab¨vq AvKvsLv Aš—wn©Z nq| Gw`‡K Bw½Z K‡i
Avj−vn e‡jb, &> $& Vz -LY
& $ , O; T1$ , & s_ y- & :, $ , O; 5,VP $B , J- U
( 3) $K6b-$6
j
$ )&& f, ( * & s_ $ , 1$ $ kE W( $ 1& (
b Ô†n gvbe RvwZ! †Zvgv‡ì wbKU
†Zvgv‡ì cÖwZcvj‡Ki c¶ nÕ‡Z G‡m †M‡Q Dc‡`kevYx (KziAvb)
Ges Aš—‡ii †ivMmg~‡ni wbivgqKvix Ges wek¦vmx‡ì Rb¨ c_ cÖ`k©K
I ingZÕ (BDbym 10/57)| wZwb AviI e‡jb, :$ W( $ ?& 7,@; *
$ & a; +T )$($
E1$ C$ 8 /& j
$ & &8y ( 6&+6$ - $ j
$ )&& f, ( * & s_ $ , 1$ $ Vz -LY& ÔAvi Avgiv KziAvb
bvwhj Kwi, hv wek¦vmx‡ì Rb¨ Av‡ivM¨ I ingZ ¯îƒc| wKš‘ cvcx‡ì
Rb¨ Zv †Kej ¶wZB e„w× K‡iÕ (Bmiv 17/82)|
Beby Rvixi e‡jb, ÔKziAvb g~L©Zv I c_åóZv †_‡K gyw³ †`q| gywgb
bi-bvix Gi gva¨‡g AÜKv‡i Av‡jvi c_ Luy‡R cvq, Awek¦vmxiv bq|
†Kbbv gywgbMY KziAv‡bi nvjvj-nvivg †g‡b P‡jb| †mRb¨ Avj−vn
Zv‡ì Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kivb I Avhve †_‡K i¶v K‡ib| Avi GUvB
nÕj Zuvi c¶ nÕ‡Z ingZ I AbyMnÖ Õ|15 hv wZwb Zv‡ì‡K `vb K‡ib|
GQvov kviC Svo-duKy gywg‡bi ˆ`wnK Av‡ivM¨ `vb K‡i _v‡K Avj−vn&i
ûKz‡g| GUv †Kej Zvi Rb¨B n‡q _v‡K, whwb KziAvb Abyaveb K‡ib
I †m Abyhvqx Avgj K‡ib| H e¨w³i Rb¨ bq, †h †Kej fvb K‡i
†ZjvIqvZ K‡i| hvi g‡a¨ †Kvb Lyk~-Lyh~ I AvbyMZ¨ †bB| G Kvi‡YB
Bebyj K¡vBwqg (int) e‡jb, ÔKziAvb nÕj Av‡ivM¨ MÖš’| hv AvZ¥v I
†`n Ges `ywbqv I Av‡LivZ mewKQz‡K kvwgj K‡i| H e¨w³i Rb¨ †h
e¨w³ G‡K c~Y© wek¦vm I fv‡jvevmvi mv‡_ MÖnY K‡i Ges Gi cÖwZ
AKzÉ AvbyM‡Zï kZ© mg~n c~iY K‡i| GwU Avmgvb I hgx‡bi
15. Beby Rvixi, Zvdmxi Z¡vevix m~iv Bmiv 82 AvqvZ|

Contents
gvwj‡Ki Kvjvg| hw` GwU cvnv‡oi Dci bvwhj nÕZ, ZvnÕ‡j Zv

†d‡U †PŠwPi n‡q †hZ| hgx‡bi Dci bvwhj nÕ‡j Zv we`xY© n‡q †hZ|
AZGe AvZ¥vi I †`‡ni Ggb †Kvb †ivM †bB, KziAv‡b hvi
Av‡iv‡Mï wb‡`©kbv †bBÕ|16
Abyaveb QvovB cvV Kivi ¶wZ :
H e¨w³ wPwbi ej‡ì gZ †Kej †evSv enb K‡iB Rxeb KvUvq| wKš‘
wPwb wgwó bv wZZv eyS‡Z cv‡i bv| GB ¯^fve wQj Bn~`x-bvQviv‡ì|
†hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, 8 /& , W( ?* /&$ 3 &$- 8 /& #
$ $%O& * ?- :(-, 6$ - ?- :bT ; , K( ),& $
?- :b)y; 6$ ÔAvi Zv‡ì g‡a¨ GK`j wbi¶i e¨w³ i‡q‡Q, hviv Avj−vn&i
wKZv‡ei wKQzB Rv‡b bv †mªd GKUv aviYv e¨ZxZ| Avi Zviv †mªd
Kíbv K‡i gvÎÕ (evK¡vivn 2/78)| kvIKvbx (1172-1250 wn.) e‡jb,
Ôejv n‡q‡Q †h, (
3 &$-) A_© †ZjvIqvZ| A_©vr Zv‡ì wbKU Avj−vn&i
wKZv‡ei †Kvb eyS I Abyaveb wQj bv, †KejgvÎ cvV Kiv e¨ZxZÕ|17
Bebyj K¡vBwqg (691-751 wn.) e‡jb, ÔAÎ Avqv‡Z Avj−vn Zuvi
wKZv‡ei cwieZ©bKvix‡ì Ges D¤§x‡ì wb›`v K‡i‡Qb, hviv cvV Kiv
e¨ZxZ Avi wKQzB Rv‡b bv| Avi GUvB nÕj ( 3 &$-) ev KíbvÕ|18
Abyiƒcfv‡e wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b D¤§‡Zi cZb `kvi KviY m¤ú‡K© Avj−vn&i
cÖ‡kœi DË‡i Avgv‡ì ivm~j (Qvt) ˆKwdqZ w`‡q ej‡eb, a
; :(`3 a- -J$
E1:(nK, $ ?- 7,@; * -9W$ ;9i
$ 53 &:, J- ?8 /& #
T 1$ 6$ Ô†mw`b ivm~j ej‡eb, †n
Avgvi cÖwZcvjK! wbðqB Avgvi D¤§Z GB KziAvb‡K cwiZ¨³ MY¨
K‡iwQjÕ (dziK¡vb 25/30)| Gi e¨vL¨vq nv‡dh Beby KvQxi (701-774
wn.) e‡jb, ÔKziAvb cwiZ¨vM Kiv A_© nÕj Gi Abyaveb I h_v_© eyS
nvwQ‡ji †Póv cwiZ¨vM KivÕ (H, Zvdmxi)| Bebyj K¡vBwqg (int)
16. hv`yj gvÔAv` 4/323|

17. kvIKvbx, Zvdmxi dvrûj K¡v`xi, m~iv evK¡vivn 78 AvqvZ|
18. AvQ-QvIqvBKzj gyimvjvn (wiqv` : `vi“j ÔAv‡Qgvn, 1g ms¯‹iY 1408/1988)
3/1049|
Contents
e‡jb, ÔKziAvb cwiZ¨vM Kivi KZ¸wj A_© nÕ‡Z cv‡i| Zvi g‡a¨
Ab¨Zg nÕj, K_K (Avj−vn) wK ej‡Z Pvb, †mUv Abyaveb bv Kiv,
eySvi †Póv bv Kiv I ZË¡ D`NvU‡bi †Póv cwiZ¨vM KivÕ|19
KziAvb Abyave‡bi dhxjZ :
nhiZ Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, Avj−vn&i
†Kvb M„‡n hLb GK`j †jvK mg‡eZ nq GRb¨ †h, Zviv Avj−vn&i
wKZve cvV K‡i I wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ Zvi ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i, †mLv‡b
†KejB Avj−vn&i c¶ nÕ‡Z we‡kl ingZ wnmv‡e ÔmvKxbvnÕ (s; )$,O
& 3 -)
bvwhj nq| Avj−vn&i ingZ Zv‡ì †eób K‡i iv‡L I †d‡ikZviv
¯’vbwU c~Y© K‡i †d‡j| Avi Avj−vn Zv‡ì m¤ú‡K© Zuvi wbKUeZ©x
†d‡ikZv‡ì m‡½ Av‡jvPbv K‡ibÕ|20 GLv‡b ÔmvKxbvnÕ I ingZ
bvwh‡ji cÖavb KviY nÕj †ZjvIqvZ I Abyaveb| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b
Avgv‡ì g‡a¨ †ZjvIqvZ Av‡Q Abyaveb †bB| d‡j ingZI †bB|
KziAvb Abyave‡b ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) :
(K) nhiZ ûhvqdv Bebyj Bqvgvb (ivt) e‡jb, ÔwZwb GK iv‡Z
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ QvjvZ Av`vq KiwQ‡jb| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt)
†_‡g †_‡g ( D `T $ %$( ) wK¡ivAvZ cowQ‡jb| hLbB Avj−vn&i ¸YMv‡bi
†Kvb AvqvZ AwZµg Ki‡Zb, ZLb _vg‡Zb I Ômyenvbvj−vnÕ ej‡Zb|
hLb †Kvb cÖv_©bvi AvqvZ AwZµg Ki‡Zb, ZLb _vg‡Zb I cÖv_©bv
Ki‡Zb| hLb Avj−vn&i wbKU cvbvn PvIqvi AvqvZ AwZµg Ki‡Zb,
ZLb _vg‡Zb I cvbvn †P‡q ÔAvEhywej−vnÕ ej‡ZbÕ|21 GUvB wQj
ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi KziAvb ey‡S cov I Zvi Zvrch© Abyave‡bi bgybv|
(L) Avãyjv− n Beby gvmE` (ivt) e‡jb, ÔAvgv‡K GKw`b ivm~j (Qvt)
ej‡jb, ÔZzwg Avgv‡K KziAvb kybvIÕ| Avwg ejjvg, Avwg Avcbv‡K
19. Bebyj K¡vBwqg, Avj-dvIqv‡q` (êiƒZ : `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgqvn, 2q ms¯‹iY

1393/1973) 82 c„.|
21. gymwjg nv/772; wZiwghx nv/262; wgkKvZ nv/881|
Contents
KziAvb kybve, A_P Avcbvi Dc‡iB KziAvb bvwhj nq| Rev‡e wZwb
ej‡jb, Avwg †Zvgvi wbKU †_‡K KziAvb ïb‡Z fv‡jvevwmÕ| AZtci
Avwg m~iv wbmv co‡Z jvMjvg| hLb 41 Avqv‡Z †cuŠ‡Q †Mjvg, ZLb
wZwb ej‡jb, _vg| †`Ljvg, Zuvi `y‡PvL AkÖ“wm³ n‡q †M‡QÕ (eyLvix
nv/4582)| Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, Ab¨ GKRb e¨w³ Avgv‡K †UvKv w`j|
ZLb Avwg ZvwK‡q †`Ljvg †h, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi `yÕ‡PvL †e‡q AkÖ“
cÖevwnZ n‡”QÕ (gymwjg nv/800)| AvqvZwU wQj, m
| '; , & $)\*B& -Q/& {
$ ,O- >-
E &KY$ V& -f( W$ H-$ .
$ & $)\*B& $ I &K]
$ & sI 3 ; ÔAZGe †mw`b †Kgb n‡e,
†hw`b Avgiv cÖ‡Z¨K D¤§Z †_‡K GKRb mv¶x (bex) Avbe Ges
†Zvgv‡K Zv‡ì mK‡ji Dci mv¶x Kie?Õ (wbmv 4/41)| Beby evË¡vj
e‡jb, ÔG AvqvZ †ZjvIqv‡Zi mgq ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi g‡a¨ wK¡qvg‡Zi
fqven `„k¨ †f‡m I‡V| Avi †mRb¨B wZwb Kvbœvq †f‡½ c‡ob| Beby
nvRvi e‡jb, ÔD¤§‡Zi `y`©kvMÖ¯’ Ae¯’vi Dci mv¶¨`vb I Zv‡ì Dci
Avhv‡ei K_v wPš—v K‡i wZwb †Ku‡` †d‡jbÕ (dvrûj evix 9/99)|
(M) Avãyjv− n Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, ÔGKw`b AveyeKi (ivt)
ej‡jb, †n Avj−vn&i ivm~j! Avcwb `ª“Z e„× n‡q †M‡jb| Rev‡e wZwb
ej‡jb, Avgv‡K e„× K‡i w`‡q‡Q m~iv n~`, Iqv‡K¡ÔAvn, gyimvjvZ,
bvev I ZvK¡fxi (wZiwghx nv/3297; Qnxnvn nv/955)| ejv n‡q _v‡K †h,
m~iv n~‡ì 112 AvqvZ 4( 3/& ,:}$ w
* 5$ - $ .
$ $ $ #
$ $5 , $ $ r
$ , & ; $'- , @& %$`, ->
=F"
& $ ?- :;$ , 5$ $& ÔAZGe Zzwg †hfv‡e Avw`ó n‡qQ †mfv‡e `„p _vK
Ges hviv †Zvgvi mv‡_ (wkiK I Kzdix †_‡K) ZIev K‡i‡Q ZvivI|
Avi †Zvgiv mxgvjsNb Ki bv| wbðqB wZwb †Zvgv‡ì mKj
Kvh©Kjvc cÖZ¨¶ K‡ibÕ| Zuv‡K e„× K‡i †d‡j (KziZzex)|
(L) Avey hvi †Mdvix (ivt) e‡jb, ÔGK iv‡Z ivm~j (Qvt) †mªd GKwU
AvqvZ w`‡q Zvnv¾y` †kl K‡ib| GgZve¯’vq dRi n‡q hvq| †mwU
nÕj,( &Oh
$ * +( 6&+$ * ^
$ ,- .
$ 3~&>- , K( - , L& }, 5$ ?* /&$ 0$ c( $2& , K( 3~&>- , K( ,9| $ 5( ?* /& Ôhw`
Zzwb Zv‡ì‡K kvw¯— `vI, ZvnÕ‡j Zviv †Zvgvi ev›`v| Avi hw` Zv‡ì
Contents
22
¶gv Ki, Z‡e Zywg gnvcivµvš— I cÖÁvgqÕ| G‡Z eySv hvq, Zuvi
KziAvb Abyaveb KZ Mfxi wQj|
(M) Zi“Y Qvnvex Avãyj−vn web Avgi Bebyj ÔAvQ (ivt) hLb cÖwZw`b
GK LZg KziAvb cvV Ki‡Z PvB‡jb, ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) Zv‡K
wZbw`‡bi K‡g LZg Ki‡Z wb‡la K‡i ej‡jb, wZbw`‡bi K‡g LZg
Ki‡j †m wKQzB eyS‡e bvÕ|23 G‡Z cwi®‹vi †h, KziAvb ey‡S covUvB
D‡Ïk¨| †KejgvÎ cvV Kiv bq|
KziAvb Abyave‡b Qvnvev‡q †Kivg :
(1) Avãyj−vn Beby gvmE` (ivt) e‡jb, ÔAvgv‡ì g‡a¨ GKRb wQ‡jb,
whwb 10wU AvqvZ cvV Kivi ci Avi Av‡M evo‡Zb bv| hZ¶Y bv
Zvi gg© Abyaveb Ki‡Zb I †mg‡Z Avgj Ki‡ZbÕ|24
(2) Avey Avãyi ingvb Avãyj−vn web nvexe Avm-myjvgx (g„. 72 wn.)
e‡jb, ÔAvgv‡ì‡K hviv KziAvb cvV Kwi‡q‡Qb Zviv ej‡Zb, Zviv
ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU †_‡K hLb KziAvb wkL‡Zb, ZLb 10wU AvqvZ
Rvb‡j Zviv Avi Zuvi wc‡Q co‡Zb bv, hZ¶Y bv H AvqvZ¸wji
Dci Zviv Avgj Ki‡Zb| Gfv‡e Avgiv KziAvb I Z`byhvqx Avgj
meB wkLZvgÕ|25
(3) G‡ì g‡a¨ wQ‡jb ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi PvPv‡Zv fvB Zi“Y Qvnvex
Avãyj−vn Beby AveŸvm| Avj−vn&i ivm~j Zuvi Rb¨ †`vÔAv
K‡iwQ‡jb, m - 6&<* %3 4( , |$ $ & 6T H&> 4( K, @| >- 3 K( 8Ô†n Avj−vn Zzwg Zv‡K
Øx‡bi eyS `vb Ki Ges Gi h_v_© e¨vL¨v wk¶v `vIÕ|26 †mKvi‡Y Beby
gvmE` (ivt) e‡jb, U I 32$ ( , ?& 7,@; * ?; $B( , 5( $ , & ÔKziAv‡bi KZB bv
my›ì e¨vL¨vZv Beby AveŸvmÕ! (nv‡Kg nv/6291)| Beby gvmE` (ivt)
22. gv‡q`vn 5/118; bvmvC nv/1010|

23. wZiwghx nv/2949; wgkKvZ nv/2201|
24. gyKv¡ Ïvgv Beby KvQxi; Zvdmxi Z¡vevix nv/81, nv`xQ Qnxn|
25. gyKv¡ Ïvgv Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi, mb` RvBwq`|
26. Avngv` nv/2397; nv‡Kg nv/6280; Qnxnvn nv/2589| nv`x‡Qi cÖ_gvskwU Qnxn
eyLvix‡Z i‡q‡Q (nv/143)|
Contents
gviv †M‡Qb 32 wnRix‡Z| Zvic‡iI Beby AveŸvm (ivt) QwÎk eQi
†eu‡P wQ‡jb Ges Z¡v‡q‡d g„ZzëiY K‡ib 68 wnRix‡Z| ZvnÕ‡j evKx
Rxe‡b wZwb KziAvb‡K AviI KZ my›ìfv‡eB bv Abyaveb K‡iwQ‡jb!
(4) Avãyj−vn Beby Igi (ivt) e‡jb, wcZv Igi Bebyj LvË¡ve (ivt)
12 eQ‡i m~iv evK¡vivn †kl K‡ib| AZtci †hw`b †kl nq, †mw`b
wZwb K‡qKwU DU bni K‡i mevB‡K LvIqvbÕ|27 Igi (ivt)-Gi b¨vq
GKRb gnvb e¨w³i GB `xN© mgq jvMvi A_© m~ivwUi Mfxi Zvrch©
Abyave‡b `xN© mgq e¨q Kiv|
(5) Avãyj−vn Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, R‰bK e¨w³ Igi (ivt)-Gi
ìev‡i Gj| ZLb wZwb Zv‡K †jvK‡ì m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Ki‡jb|
Rev‡e †jvKwU ejj, †n Avgxi“j gy‡gbxb! Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †KD †KD
Giƒc Giƒcfv‡e KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ K‡i| Avwg ejjvg, GZ `ª“Z
KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Avwg cm›` Kwi bv| ZLb Igi (ivt) Avgv‡K
_vgv‡jb| G‡Z Avwg `ytwLZ g‡b evox wd‡i Gjvg| AZtci wZwb
Avgvi wbK‡U G‡jb Ges ej‡jb, H †jvKwU hv ejj, Zvi †KvbUv
Zzwg Acm›` Ki‡j? Avwg ejjvg, Iiv hZ `ª“Z KziAvb co‡e, ZZ
Av‡cv‡l SMov Ki‡e| cÖ‡Z¨‡KB wb‡RiUv‡K mwVK ej‡e| Avi hLbB
SMov Ki‡e, ZLbB we‡iv‡a wjß n‡e| Ae‡k‡l wb‡Riv jovB‡q iZ
n‡e| ZLb Igi (ivt) ej‡jb, †Zvgvi wcZvi Rb¨ Avgvi Rxeb
DrmM©xZ †nŠK| Avwg GUv jywK‡q †i‡LwQjvg| Ae‡k‡l ZzwgB †mUv
e‡j w`‡jÕ|28
e¯‘Zt Igi I Beby AveŸvm (ivt) †hUv aviYv K‡iwQ‡jb, c‡i †mUvB
n‡qwQj| Lv‡iRxiv †ei nÕj| Zviv KziAvb cvV KiZ| wKš‘ Zv
Zv‡ì KÉbvjx AwZµg KiZ bv| A_©vr Zviv KziAvb Abyaveb KiZ
bv Ges Gi gg© Dcjwä KiZ bv| BwZnv‡m GivB cÖ_g Pigcš’x
27. gyKv¡ Ïvgv Zvdmxi KziZzex ÔAvj−vn&i wKZve wk¶v Kiv I Zv Abyave‡bi c×wZÕ Aby‡”Q`,
76 c„.; hvnvex, ZvixLyj Bmjvg (êiƒZ : `vi“j wKZvwej ÔAvivex, 1g ms¯‹iY
1407/1987) 3/267|
28. gyQvbœvd Avãyi ivhhvK nv/20368; hvnvex, wmqvi“ AvÔjvwgb byevjv 3/348-49|
Contents
R½x`j wnmv‡e KzL¨vZ| GivB nhiZ Avjx (ivt)-†K Kv‡di AvL¨v
w`‡q nZ¨v K‡iwQj|
(6) Avãyjv− n Beby Igi (ivt) e‡jb, Avj−vn&i ivm~‡ji Qvnvex‡ì g‡a¨
DËg e¨w³, hviv GB D¤§‡Zi kx‡l© Ae¯’vb K‡ib, Zviv KziAvb †ndh
Ki‡Zb bv GKwU m~iv ev Abyiƒc wKQz Ask e¨ZxZ| Zviv KziAv‡bi
Dci Avgj Kivi wiwhK jvf K‡iwQ‡jb| wKš‘ GB D¤§‡Zi †kl
w`‡Ki †jv‡Kiv KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ Ki‡e| Zv‡ì g‡a¨ wkï, AÜ
mevB _vK‡e| wKš‘ Zviv Avgj Kivi wiwhK cv‡e bvÕ|29
(7) GKB g‡g© Avãyj−vn Beby gvmE` (ivt) e‡jb, Avgv‡ì Rb¨
KziAv‡bi kãvejx gyL¯— Kiv LyeB KwVb| wKš‘ Gi Dci Avgj Kiv
mnR| Avi Avgv‡ì c‡ii †jvK‡ì Ae¯’v n‡e GB †h, Zv‡ì Rb¨
KziAvb †ndh Kiv mnR n‡e| wKš‘ Zvi Dci Avgj Kiv KwVb
n‡e|30
(8) gyÔAvh web Rvevj (ivt) e‡jb, Ô†Zvgiv hZUzKz PvI Bjg AR©b
Ki| g‡b †iL, Avj−vn †Zvgv‡ì‡K †KvbB cyi¯‹vi w`‡eb bv, hZ¶Y
bv †Zvgiv Zvi Dc‡i Avgj Ki‡eÕ|31
KziAvb Abyave‡bi A_© :
KziAvb Abyave‡bi A_© nÕj †Kvb Avqv‡Zi h_vh_ gg© wba©viY Kiv|
Avqv‡Zi gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨ Dcjwä Kiv Ges †mLvb †_‡K AvnKvg wbwðZ
Kiv| GUv †gv‡UB mnR bq Ges Gi Rb¨ i‡q‡Q ¸i“Z¡c~Y© kZ©vejx|
†mB mKj kZ© I wbqg-c×wZ AbymiY bv K‡i †KD KziAvb
Abyave‡bi `vex Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| GZØ¨ZxZ KziAv‡b i‡q‡Q †Kej
†gŠwjK welqvwì eY©bv| AZGe g~j nÕ‡Z kvLv-cÖkvLv †ei Kivi
†hvM¨Zv _vK‡Z n‡e|
29. gyKv¡ Ïvgv Zvdmxi KziZzex 75-76 c„.|

30. gyK¡vÏvgv Zvdmxi KziZzex 75 c„.|
31. gyK¡vÏvgv Zvdmxi KziZzex 76 c„.|
Contents
KziAv‡bi gbMov e¨vL¨v `v‡bi wei“‡× mveavbevYx :

y −vn (Qvt) e‡jb, 1& 3)
ivm~jj $ & ( $ $ @* $ *:3 2$%$$* >- I * & & ,}$ & ?& 7,@; * H&> a- -J , $
Ô†h e¨w³ Bjg e¨wZ‡i‡K KziAv‡bi gbMov e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb Kij, †m †hb
Rvnvbœv‡g Zvi wVKvbv K‡i wbjÕ|32
Qv‡n‡e wgiÔAvZ e‡jb, D³ nv`x‡Qi A_© nÕj wbR¯^ ivq Abyhvqx
e¨vL¨v Kiv| gid~Ô I gIK~d nv`xQ mg~n †_‡K Ges kviC weavb
mg~‡n I fvlv Áv‡b AwfÁ †kªô weØvbM‡Yi e³e¨ mg~n AbymÜvb bv
K‡iB wb‡Ri aviYv g‡Z wm×vš— MÖnY Kiv|
kvn AwjDj−vn gynvwÏQ †`njfx (1114-1176 wn./1703-1762 L„.)
e‡jb, ÔH e¨w³i Rb¨ KziAv‡bi Zvdmx‡i cÖ‡ek Kiv nvivg, †h e¨w³
KziAv‡bi fvlv Rv‡bbv, †h fvlvq KziAvb bvwhj n‡q‡Q Ges ivm~j
(Qvt) I Zuvi Qvnvex I Zv‡eCMY †_‡K ewY©Z e¨vL¨v m¤ú‡K© AeMZ bq|
†h e¨w³ KziAv‡bi m~² ZË¡ I AvqvZ bvwh‡ji KviY Ges bv‡mL-
gvbm~L m¤ú‡K© AeMZ bqÕ|
nv‡dh Beby KvQxi (int) e‡jb, (K) KziAv‡bi Zvdmx‡ii Rb¨
m‡e©vËg c×wZ nÕj KziAvb w`‡q KziAv‡bi e¨vL¨v Kiv| †Kbbv GK
¯’v‡b AvqvZwU msw¶ßfv‡e ewY©Z nÕ‡jI Ab¨ ¯’v‡b †mwUi we¯—vwiZ
e¨vL¨v cvIqv hvq| (L) hw` Zzwg G‡Z e¨_© nI, ZvnÕ‡j mybvœ n‡Z Gi
e¨vL¨v Zvjvk Ki| †Kbbv GwU KziAv‡bi e¨vL¨v I Zvi gg© ¯úóKvix|
Avj−vn e‡jb, ÔAvgiv †Zvgvi wbK‡U bvwhj K‡iwQ KziAvb, hv‡Z Zzwg
gvbyl‡K wek`fv‡e e¨vL¨v K‡i `vI hv Zv‡ì cÖwZ bvwhj Kiv n‡q‡Q,
†hb Zviv wPš—v-M‡elYv K‡iÕ (bvnj 16/44)| Avi mybœvn wb‡RB Zuvi
Dc‡i Awn AvKv‡i bvwhj n‡q‡Q, †hgb Zuvi Dc‡i KziAvb bvwhj
n‡q‡Q| hwÌ Zv KziAv‡bi b¨vq †ZjvIqvZ Kiv nq bv| AZtci
32. wZiwghx nv/2950; kviûm mybvœ n nv/117; Avngv` nv/2069; wgkKvZ nv/234|
Bgvg wZiwghx I Bgvg evMvex nv`xQwU‡K ÔnvmvbÕ e‡j‡Qb| Zvdmx‡i KziZzexi
gynvw°K Avãyi ivhhvK Avj-gvn`x e‡jb, wZiwghx D³ nv`xQ‡K ÔnvmvbÕ e‡j‡Qb,
†mUvB h_v_©| wZwb e‡jb, nv`x‡Qi mKj m~Î wek¦¯— (gyK¡vÏvgv Zvdmxi KziZzex
nv/70, c„. 66)| wKš‘ kvqL Avjevbx I ïÔAv‡qe AvibvEZ¡ ÔhCdÕ e‡j‡Qb| mb`
hCd nÕ‡jI gg© Qnxn|
Contents
hLb Avgiv KziAv‡b ev mybœvn‡Z †Kvb e¨vL¨v bv cve, ZLb
QvnvexM‡Yi e³‡eï w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b Kie| †Kbbv †Kvb Ae¯’vq ev
†Kvb †cÖw¶‡Z AvqvZwU bvwhj n‡qwQj, †m wel‡q cÖZ¨¶`k©x nIqvi
Kvi‡Y Zuviv D³ wel‡q AwaK Ávbx wQ‡jb| Avi G wel‡q Zuv‡ì wQj
c~Y© eyS I mwVK aviYv I mwVK Avgj| we‡kl K‡i Zuv‡ì g‡a¨ †kªô
Ávbx I ¸i“Rb e¨w³MY| †hgb Pvi Ljxdv, Avãyj−vn web gvmE`,
Avãyj−vn web AveŸvm cÖgyL weØvbMY|
AZtci hLb Zzwg †Kvb Zvdmxi KziAv‡b ev mybœvn‡Z ev QvnvexMY
†_‡K bv cv‡e, ZLb A‡bK weØvb Zv‡eC‡ì e³e¨ mg~‡ni w`‡K
cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i‡Qb| †hgb gyRvwn`, AvZ¡v web Avex ievn, mvC` web
Ryev‡qi cÖgyL Zv‡eCMY| A‡b‡K e‡j‡Qb, kvLv-cÖkvLvMZ wel‡q
Zv‡eC‡ì e³e¨ `jxj bq| ZvnÕ‡j wKfv‡e †mwU Zvdmx‡ii †¶‡Î
`jxj n‡e? A_©vr GwU Zv‡ì we‡ivax‡ì e³‡eï Dc‡i `jxj n‡e
bv, Avi GUvB mwVK| AZtci hLb Zviv mevB GKwU e¨vcv‡i GKgZ
n‡eb, ZLb †mUvi `jxj nIqvq †Kvb m‡›`n _vK‡e bv| wKš‘ hw`
Zviv gZ‡f` K‡ib, ZvnÕ‡j Zv‡ì GKR‡bi e³e¨ Ab¨R‡bi Dci
`jxj n‡e bv| hv Zv‡ì cieZ©x‡ì Dc‡iI n‡e bv| GgZve¯’vq
KziAv‡bi fvlv A_ev mybœvn A_ev Avie‡ì mve©Rbxb fvlv ixwZ A_ev
D³ wel‡q QvnvexM‡Yi e³‡eï w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| F
( & L* 5$ 3<->-
" $h
$ >- l
& *3 c& 3 n
$ ( & ?& 7,@; * Ô†gvUK_v KziAv‡bi Zvdmxi †mªd ivq-Gi
gva¨‡g Kiv nvivgÕ| GUvB nÕj Beby KvQx‡ii e³‡eï msw¶ß mvi|33
nhiZ AveyeKi wQÏxK (ivt) ej‡Zb, VI $$` l
b -$ &)@& 5(
I 1, - l
b -
( -, - - $ ?& 7,@; * &> ^
( * J; -Q/& &)y& 5( Ôhw` Avwg bv ey‡S KziAvb m¤ú‡K©
wKQz ewj, Z‡e †Kvb hgxb Avgv‡K enb Ki‡e Ges †Kvb AvKvk
Avgv‡K Qvqv w`‡e?Õ (Zvdmxi Z¡vevix 1/78)|
33. wgiÔAvZ nv/236-Gi Av‡jvPbv; gyK¡vÏvgv Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi 1/35-36|

Contents
KziAvb Abyave‡bi kZ©vejx :

(1) Aviex fvlv Áv‡b cwic°Zv AR©b Kiv|
Bgvg kv‡dC (int) e‡jb, hZ¶Y bv Kvi“ g‡a¨ †Kvb Aviex evK¨‡K
Aviex fvlvi `„wófw½‡Z Abyave‡bi †hvM¨Zv m„wó nq, ZZ¶Y †m
KziAv‡bi D”Pv‡½i eY©bv fw½ I Zvi we‡kl e¨vL¨v c×wZ m¤ú‡K©
AewnZ nÕ‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avi hw` Zv bv nq Z‡e KziAv‡bi fve I
A‡_©i Ggb A‡bK w`K †`Lv w`‡e, hv Zvi Ávb I Abyf~wZ‡Z aiv
co‡e bvÕ| A_©vr KziAvb Abyave‡bi Rb¨ †Kej Aviex fvlv ÁvbB
h‡_ó bq, eis Aviex fvlvi h_v_© Abyf~wZ Avek¨K| Gi Rb¨ `xN©
mvabvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| GRb¨ Zv‡K Aviexi mKj cwifvlv I eënvi
†¶Î mg~n m¤ú‡K© c~Y© AewnZ nÕ‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z GKB welq wewfbœ
eY©bv fw½‡Z Dc¯’vcb Kiv hvq| Avi GBme eY©bv fw½i m~² cv_©K¨
mg~n †m cyiv gvÎvq Abyaveb Ki‡e|
D`vniY : †Kvb †ivMx‡K Kzkj wR‡Ám Ki‡j wZwb e‡jb, Ôfvj AvwQÕ|
wKš‘ Ávbx e¨w³ eyS‡Z cv‡ib †h, GB ev‡Kï `yÕwU ci¯úi we‡ivax
A_© nÕ‡Z cv‡i| †hLv‡b cv_©K¨ _v‡K †Kej eY©bv fw½i| hw` †ivMx
ˆbiv‡kï Aby‡kvPbvq Ôfvj AvwQÕ e‡j _v‡Kb, Z‡e eyS‡Z n‡e †h
wZwb Ôfvj †bBÕ| Avi hw` cÖkvš— g‡b e‡j _v‡Kb, Z‡e eyS‡Z n‡e
†h, cÖK…Z A‡_©B wZwb my¯’| G Kvi‡YB AjsKvi kv¯¿we`M‡Yi g‡Z
kãmg~‡ni †Kvb cÖwZkãB †bB Ges GKwUi A_© †Kej GKwUB nÕ‡Z
cv‡iÕ| †Kej fvlvwe` bq Ggb e¨w³B bvbviƒc A_© I Z‡_ï eY©bv
w`‡q _v‡Kb| wKš‘ fvlvwe` †kªvZv evK¨ kªeY Kiv gvÎ Zvi GKwU A_©B
wbw`©ó K‡i †d‡jb| wZwb bvbv cÖKvi e¨vL¨vi weåvwš—‡Z Rwo‡q c‡ob
bv| wZwb mn‡R eyS‡Z cv‡ib, GLv‡b eY©bvKvixi g~j D‡Ïk¨ wK?
AjsKvi kv‡¯¿i wewfbœ †kªYx I ¯—i :
†Kvb evK¨ m¤ú‡K© G `vex Kiv hvq bv †h, Gi Dc‡iB evjvMv‡Zi
mgvwß N‡U‡Q| †Kbbv AjsKvi kv¯¿ n‡”Q, cwiw¯’wZ Abyhvqx evK¨vjvc
Contents
KiY| hv‡Z mvgvb¨ cv_©‡Kï Kvi‡Y Ae¯’vi Pvwn`vbyhvqx bvbviƒc A_©
nÕ‡Z cv‡i| GKwU evK¨ hZB AjsKvic~Y© †nŠK bv †Kb, Zv Ab¨
ev‡Kï Zzjbvq wbgœgv‡bi nÕ‡Z cv‡i| Avi KziAvb nÕj AjsKvi
kv‡¯¿i †mB m‡e©v”P iƒc, hvi †Kvb Zzjbv †bB|
AZGe KziAvb Abyave‡bi A_© nÕj, Ggb GK cwic° Abyf~wZi m„wó
nIqv hv Aviex fvlvi A_© I D‡Ïk¨ cy‡ivcywi eyS‡Z m¶g nq| Zvi
Bkviv I Bw½Z m¤ú‡K© AewnZ nÕ‡Z cv‡i I kã mg~‡ni mwVK A_©
wbi“cY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avi †h‡nZz KziAvb gvRx` evjvMv‡Zi kxl©¯’v‡b
AwawôZ, ZvB H mKj gbxlxe„›` e¨wZ‡i‡K hv‡ì‡K ¯^qs bex Kixg
(Qvt) beyA‡Zi Av‡jv‡K Av‡jvwKZ K‡i‡Qb, Ab¨ †Kvb e¨w³ `vwe
mnKv‡i ej‡Z cv‡ib bv †h, AÎ Avqv‡Zi mwVK A_© ZvB-B, hv wZwb
ey‡S‡Qb| KziAvb wbtm‡›`‡n mnR I mij| wKš‘ †Kvb wRwb‡mi
mnR-mij nIqvi A_© GUv bq †h, Zv Abyave‡bi wbwg‡Ë cÖ‡qvRbxq
†gŠwjK welqvejxi Ávb AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e bv| eZ©gv‡b hviv KziAv‡bi
mwVK Abyave‡bi `vex`vi, Zv‡ì‡K cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e †h, Zviv KZ`~i
GB `vexi †hvM¨|
Zvdmx‡ii msÁv :
Avey nvBqvb Av›`vjymx (654-745 wn./1256-1344 L„.) e‡jb,
$K& -O, -$ $K5&- :;, $ $ &?7,@; *
& -L*<-& & w* )b s& 3L& ,'- , $ 4& &> g
; h
$ 2,6( " * & :$ W(
r
I 3%&5$$ &&', %3 s; -$ $K,-$ m; $ h , 5( &%8 $K&$$ $ &s32&&', %3$ s& 63c& $>* ~&*
=. $ &9- &
ÔGwU Ggb GK Bjg, hv‡Z KziAv‡bi kãgvjvi evPbf½x, Zvi
D‡Ïk¨, Zvi GKK I †hŠwMK weavbvejx Ges †hŠwMK Ae¯’vq M„nxZ
A_© mg~n I Zvi cwiwkómg~n m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv nqÕ| Gi gva¨‡g
wZwb Bj‡g Qid, bvû, evjvMvZ, nvKxKvZ I gvRvh QvovI ÔcwiwkóÕ
A_©vr bvmL I kv‡b byh~j-Gi Ávb eywS‡q‡Qb, hv‡Z wZwb A¯úó welq
mg~n D×vi Ki‡Z m¶g nbÕ| D‡j−L¨ †h, hZw`b Bmjvg Avie f~L‡Ê
Contents
mxgve× wQj, ZZw`b Aviex fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨ †Kvb e¨vKiY iwPZ nqwb
Ges cÖ‡qvRbI wQj bv| e¨vKiY fvlv nÕ‡Z m„wó nq, e¨vKiY nÕ‡Z
fvlv bq| G Kvi‡YB Qvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi hy‡M KziAvb gvRx‡ì
Zvdmxi msµvš— gZv‰bK¨ K`vwPr †`Lv hvq| wKš‘ hLb Abvie †`k
mg~‡n KziAv‡bi we¯—…wZ N‡U, ZLb e¨vKiY iwPZ nq Ges Zvdmx‡iiI
cÖ‡qvRb nq|
AZGe hZ¶Y bv †Kvb e¨w³ Aviex fvlv msµvš— hveZxq wel‡qi
Ávb, hvi msL¨v Av‡jgMY 14wU eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, c~Y©fv‡e AvqË Ki‡e,
ZZ¶Y †Kvb AvqvZ m¤ú‡K© Zvi e¨w³MZ gZ †cvlY Kivi AwaKvi
†bB|
KziAvb Abyave‡bi kZ©vejx
(1) Avie‡ì evKixwZ Rvbv :
Zvdmx‡ii Rb¨ KziAvb ewY©Z GKK kãgvjvi inm¨ m¤ú‡K© cy‡ivcywi
Ávb _vKv Avek¨K| D`vniY ¯îƒc ÔZvexjÕ (m
_ 6,& $5) kãwU KziAvb
bvwh‡ji hy‡M ÔcwiYvgÕ A‡_© eëüZ nÕZ| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, m
* W$
r
, VP $B , J- m; 2,J- , & ( :( $ $ 6&98 a; :;@6$ 4( ;6&<* 5$ &5<* 6$ $ :, 6$ 4( -6&<* 5$ 8 /& ?- (y; ),6$
T h
$ *& $)T1$ m; `( 1( ÔZviv wK Z‡e Zvi cwiYwZi (wK¡qvg‡Zi) A‡c¶v
Ki‡Q? †hw`b †mB cwiYwZ G‡m hv‡e, †mw`b hviv GB cwiYwZi K_v
BwZc~‡e© fy‡j wM‡qwQj (A_©vr Awek¦vmxiv) ej‡e, ev¯—weKB Avgv‡ì
cÖwZcvj‡Ki ivm~jMY mZ¨mn AvMgb K‡iwQ‡jbÕ (AvÔivd 7/53)|
AZtci `xN©w`b c‡i ÔZvexjÕ kãwU ÔZvdmxiÕ A‡_© eëüZ nÕ‡Z
_v‡K| hwÌ `yÕ‡qi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| Giƒc A‡bK kã Av‡Q hvi
A_© KziAvb bvwh‡ji hy‡M GKiƒc wQj Ges `yÕGK kZvãx c‡i Ab¨
A‡_© eëüZ n‡q‡Q| AZGe KziAvb AbyavebKvix‡K †mB A_©B MÖnY
Ki‡Z n‡e, hv KziAvb bvwh‡ji hy‡M MÖnY Kiv nÕZ|
Contents
(2) Avie‡ì D”PviY I wjLb c×wZi Ávb _vKv :
†hgb m~iv bg‡j nhiZ myjvqgvb (Avt) û`û` cvwL m¤ú‡K©
ej‡Qb,=jI 2&( ?I -w* ( & T)$5&<* $- , - 4( )3h
$ $Q* -<- , - E 6& Y$ E-9$ 4( )3$9| $ <;- ÔAvwg
Zv‡K Aek¨B KwVb kvw¯— †è A_ev hen Kie| A_ev †m Dchy³
KviYmn Avgvi Kv‡Q nvwhi n‡eÕ (bvgj 27/21)| GLv‡b 4( )3h $ $Q* -<- Q-Gi
c~‡e© GKwU AwZwi³ ‫( ا‬Avwjd) i‡q‡Q, hv AcÖ‡qvRbxq| A_P GUvB
ixwZ n‡q Av‡Q| G¶‡Y †h e¨w³ Avie‡ì wK¡ivAvZ m¤ú‡K© AbwfÁ,
wZwb fyj A_© eyS‡eb Ges wjL‡eb, ÔAvwg Zv‡K hen Kie bvÕ- hv n‡e
G‡Kev‡iB Dëv A_©|
Abyiƒcfv‡e GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) H$h , 6$$6 `xN© K‡i c‡ob| ZLb
QvdIqvb web Avmmvj e‡jb, †n Avj−vn&i ivm~j! GwU †Zv Kzivqkx
c×wZ bqÕ| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, GwU Zv‡ì gvZ…Kzj eby mvÔ`-
Gi c×wZÕ|
(3) KziAvb Abyave‡bi ¯^fveRvZ †cÖiYv _vKv| †hgb †Kvb e¨w³
Kve¨ I mvwn‡Zï ¯^fveRvZ †cÖiYv I Abyf~wZ e¨wZ‡i‡K Kwe I
mvwnwZ¨K nÕ‡Z cv‡i bv| wVK †Zgwb Kvi“ c‡¶ KziAvb Abyave‡bi
¯^vfvweK †cÖiYv Qvov KziAv‡bi gg© D×vi Kiv m¤¢e bq| ˆmq` ikx`
†ihv (1865-1935 L„.) e‡jb, GwU `yÕc×wZ‡Z nÕ‡Z cv‡i- H&2W, $ I
&2, '- Avj−vn cÖ`Ë Ávb I AwR©Z Ávb| nhiZ Avjx (ivt) e‡jb,
KziAvb Abyave‡bi Ávb Avj−vn cÖ`Ë GK we‡kl †bÔgZ, hv Avj−vn
Zuvi we‡kl ev›`v‡ì cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡KbÕ| ÔKmexÕ ev AwR©Z Ávb Øviv
nv`xQ kv‡¯¿i Ávb, Qvnvev I Zv‡eC‡ì eY©bv mg~n I Kvh©vejx, cÖ_g
hy‡Mi cÖwm× weØvbM‡Yi eY©bv mg~n‡K eySvq| GZØ¨ZxZ cÖK…wZ welqK
Ávb, wek¦ BwZnvm I AvwZ¥K Ávb BZ¨vw`, hv KziAvb Abyave‡b
mvnvh¨ K‡i| hv †Póv I mvabvi gva¨‡g jvf Kiv hvq| hvi
djkÖ“wZ‡Z ÔAnexÕ Áv‡bi weKvk N‡U| c¶vš—‡i ÔAnexÕ Áv‡bi
Kvi‡YB ÔKmexÕ Áv‡b cvi`k©x Av‡jgM‡Yi g‡a¨ †kªô‡Z¡i Kg‡ekx nq|
Contents
(4) Avj−vnfxi“Zv :
gvbweK g~j¨‡eva m`v RvMÖZ ivLvi Rb¨ me©`v Avj−vnfxi“Zv eRvq
ivLv Avek¨K| KviY gvbyl me©`v Avj−vn&i mvg‡bB _v‡K Ges wZwb
Zvi me wKQz ï‡bb I †`‡Lb| †mKviY Avj−vn e‡jb, KziAvb
c_cÖ`k©K nÕj Avj−vnfxi“‡ì,34 dv‡mK‡ì bq| Avi Avj−vnfxi“Zvi
A_© nÕj, Avj−vn&i Kvjvg kªeY K‡i ü`‡q Zvi cÖfve MÖn‡Y m¶g
nIqvÕ| cvK¯’jx A‡K‡Rv nÕ‡j Lv`¨ ev Jla †hgb †Kvb KvR K‡i
bv, eis A‡bK †¶‡Î Kzd‡ji AvksKv _v‡K, KziAvb Abyave‡bi
welqwUI Abyiƒc|
Avey Avjx Be‡b mxbv (980-1037 L„. /370-428 wn.) Zuvi cÖwm×
MÖš’ ÔBkvivZÕ-Gi †klfv‡M ¯^xq wkl¨‡K e‡jb, Avgvi GB MÖ¯’ †hb
mevB‡K co‡Z bv †Ìqv nq| eis †Kej H †jvK‡ì g‡a¨B GUv
mxgve× _vK‡e hviv KjnwcÖq ev c_åó bq| hw` Gi e¨wZµg Kiv
nq, ZvnÕ‡j Avwg Avj−vn&i wbKU †Zvgvi wei“‡× bvwjk KieÕ|
†Kbbv Bj&g nÕj GK we‡kl †R¨vwZ, hv Avj−vn Zvi gyËvKx ev›`vi
g‡a¨ m„wó K‡ib Ges hv Áv‡bi Abyf~wZi Drm iƒc nq| G‡¶‡Î Bgvg
kv‡dC (int)-Gi `yÕwU csw³ cÖwYavb‡hvM¨|-
$$ * 0& , 5$ H-/ H&$, <->- + &yL* & VP :(` MI &'$ H-/ r
( :, O- Y$
&$ & H-w,(6 - R (1,:($ + &4-&/ ,& "1:( $*& 8?~->
ÔAvwg (D¯—v`) AKxÔ-Gi wbKU Avgvi `yej
© ¯§„wZi Awf‡hvM †ck
Kijvg| ZLb wZwb Avgv‡K †Mvbvn cwiZ¨v‡Mi AwQqZ Ki‡jbÕ|
Ô†Kbbv Bjg nÕj Avj−vn&i c¶ nÕ‡Z b~i| Avi Avj−vn&i b~i †Kvb
†MvbvnMvi‡K †Ìqv nq bvÕ|35
Be‡b mxbv gvby‡li bdm‡K Avqbvi m‡½ Zzjbv K‡i e‡jb, Avqbv
†hfv‡e wbR m¤§yL¯’ e¯‘i AvK…wZ aviY K‡i| bdm †Zgwb hZ‡ekx
َ ْ ٣ُّْ ً َُ ْ َْ َ ُ ٰ ْ َ ٰ
34. m~iv evK¡vivn 2 AvqvZ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻘﻦﻴﭑﺫ‬
ِ ِ ‫ﻓﻴﮧﹱ ﮨﺪی‬
ِ ِ ‫اﻟﮑﺘﺐ ﻻ رﻳﺐﹴ‬ ِ |
ِ ‫ذﻟﮏ‬
35. nvwkqvZzj evRixgx ÔAvjvj LZ¡xe 2/349; BÔAvbvZzZ Z¡v‡jexb 2/190|
Contents
cvw_©e RM‡Zi mv‡_ wbweo n‡e, ZZ‡ekx †m Avj−vn&i Ávb fvÊvi
†_‡K `~‡i m‡i hv‡e Ges A`„k¨ RM‡Zi inm¨ Abyave‡b A¶g n‡q
co‡e| c¶vš—‡i bdm hZ cwigvY cvw_©e RMZ nÕ‡Z `~‡i Ges
Ava¨vwZ¥K RM‡Zi wbKUeZ©x n‡e, ZZ cwigvY Zv‡Z gnvÁvbx Avj−vn&i
Ávb fvÊv‡ii mvwbœa¨ jv‡fi ì“b A`„k¨ RM‡Zi inm¨vejx Abyave‡bi
†hvM¨Zv e„w× cv‡e| hvi gw¯—‡®‹ I Aš—‡i Zvi g›`Kg© mg~‡ni AveiY
c‡o, Zvi †_‡K KziAvb Abyave‡bi Avkv Kiv `yivkv gvÎ| Gw`‡K
Bw½Z K‡i Avj−vn e‡jb, $K& ?- :(K@- L* 6$
- #
" :;J; , K( - Ôhv‡ì ü`q Av‡Q
wKš‘ Zviv ey‡S bvÕ (AvÔivd 7/179)|
(4) `ª“Z Zvdmx‡ii mvnm bv Kiv :
GKwU Avqv‡Z GKwU kã †`Lv gvÎ Zvi Zvdmxi I Zvex‡ji mvnm bv
Kiv| eis †MvUv KziAvb gvRx` Mfxifv‡e Abyaveb Kivi ci Zvi
fvlv, evPbf½x Ges eY©bv c×wZi mv‡_ Ggb m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kiv
cÖ‡qvRb, †hb mwVK A_© wba©vi‡Y †Kvbiƒc RwUjZv †`Lv bv †`q|
Dciš‘ GK ¯’v‡b †h k‡ãi †Kvb A_© MÖnY Kiv nq, Zv †hb Ab¨ ¯’v‡b
eëüZ A‡_©i cwicš’x bv nq| †Kbbv cÖ‡Z¨K eY©bvKvixi GKwU we‡kl
eY©bv c×wZ i‡q‡Q| †Kvb e¨w³ †h ch©š— eY©bvKvixi D³ êwkó¨
m¤ú‡K© AeMZ bv n‡e, †m ch©š— Zvi eY©bvi gg© mwVKfv‡e Dcjwä
Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| D`vniY ¯îƒc-
(K) KziAv‡b cweÎZv m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q, I L- `
$ H-$ , - H$, $ , %(),'; ?* /&$
:(3 $%$>- V $ ( n & 5$ , ->- VP $ )T ( %(, $ - , -
& u&$}* $ & , O; ),& " $ - VP $B , -
, O; 6& ,6-$ , O; W& :(B:( & :(h$ , -> E2T- E & $ ÔAvi hw` †Zvgiv cxwoZ nI
A_ev md‡i _vK, A_ev cvqLvbv †_‡K Avm A_ev ¯¿xMgb K‡i _vK,
Avi hw` cvwb bv cvI, ZvnÕ‡j cweÎ gvwU Øviv Zvqv¤§yg Ki|
GgZve¯’vq gyLgÊj I nvZ gvwU‡Z gvmvn K‡i bvIÕ (wbmv 4/43)|
GLv‡b [
" , --Gi A_© wb‡q gydvmwmiMY gZ‡f` K‡i‡Qb| †KD
e‡j‡Qb, †mªd
ª ¯úk© Kiv, †KD e‡j‡Qb, ¯¿x wgjb Kiv| A_P Gi
Contents
mgvavb KziAv‡bi Ab¨ Avqv‡ZB cvIqv hvq| †hgb Zvjv‡Ki †¶‡Î

Avj−vn e‡j‡Qb,
3 W( :b $ 5$ , - $ VP $ )T ( %(@* 8- ?* /& , O; ,-$
$ $)B( - Ôhw`
†Zvgiv ¯¿x‡ì ¯úk© Kivi Av‡MB A_ev Zv‡ì Rb¨ †gvni wba©viY bv
K‡iB ZvjvK cÖ`vb Ki, Z‡e Zv‡Z †Zvgv‡ì †Kvb †`vl †bBÕ
(evK¡vivn 2/236)| GLv‡b Ô¯úk© KiviÕ A_© ¯¿x wgjb (evK¡vivn 2/237)|
BÏZ-Gi eY©bvq ejv n‡q‡Q, 3 Z; r
& $)& f, ( * ( %(h
, O- $ -Q/& :()$ 7 $ 6&98 $K6b-$6
...3 W( :b $ 5$ ?* - m& 2,J- , & 3 W( :(%(@* 8- Ô†n Cgvb`viMY! hLb †Zvgiv gywgb
bvix‡ì weevn Ki‡e; AZtci Zv‡K ¯úk© Kivi c~‡e© ZvjvK w`‡e...Õ
(Avnhve 33/49)| [
x $ A_© ¯úk© Kiv Ges [
" , - A_© AbymÜv‡bi `„wó‡Z
¯úk© Kiv| A_©vr [
x $ -Gi Zzjbvq [
" , --Gi A‡_© wgjb I mvwbœ‡aï
AvwaK¨ cvIqv hvq| AZGe [
x $ Øviv hLb ¯¿xwgjb eySvq, ZLb [
" , -
Øviv m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e ¯¿xwgjbB eySv‡e|
GLv‡b Av‡iKwU welq j¶Yxq †h, bvix RvwZ m¤ú‡K© eY©bvi mgq
KziAv‡bi GK we‡kl c×wZ i‡q‡Q| Zv nÕj cÖKv‡k¨ eY©bvi cwie‡Z©
Bw½‡Z eY©bv Kiv| †hgb FZzKvjxb mg‡q ¯¿xwgjb wb‡la K‡i ejv
n‡q‡Q,
& &h$ * &> VP $ )T :;+& %$, -> ÔAZGe FZzKv‡j ¯¿xm½ nÕ‡Z weiZ
_vKÕ (evK¡vivn 2/222)| Ab¨¯’v‡b ¯¿xwgjb welqwU ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Gfv‡e,

I , $ H-/& , O; N
( , $ H$N>* - , J-$ ÔA_P †Zvgiv G‡K Ac‡ii cÖwZ DcMZ
n‡qQÕ (wbmv 4/21)|
AZGe KziAv‡bi †Kvb k‡ãi A_© wbw`©ó Ki‡Yi Rb¨ hw` ¯^qs KziAvb
†_‡K mvnvh¨ †bqv nq, Z‡e m¤¢eZt †Kvb gZwe‡iva I gZcv_©K¨
†`Lv w`‡e bv, hv mvaviYZt Zvdmxi mg~‡n cwi`„ó n‡q _v‡K| m¤¢eZt
GiB wfwË‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q, EN, $ $KN
( , $ ( T L- 6( ?; 7,@; * ÔKziAv‡bi GKvsk
Ab¨ As‡ki e¨vL¨v K‡iÕ|
Contents
(L) whKi-Gi A_© Avj−vn e‡jb,

, $ >- r
I $c( , $ I 36- &> P ('; Q* $
4& ,-$ $ Z*/& ->- $ C3 <-5$ , $ $ 4& ,-$ $ Z*/& ->- & ,$ :, 6$ &> m- n
3 $ 5$ ÔAvi †Zvgiv (wgbvq)
MwYZ w`b¸wj‡Z Avj−vn‡K ¯§iY Ki| AZtci †h e¨w³ e¨¯—Zv e‡k
`yÕw`‡bB (g°vq) wd‡i Av‡m, Zvi Rb¨ †Kvb †Mvbvn †bB| Avi †h
e¨w³ †ìx K‡i, ZviI †Kvb †Mvbvn †bB...Õ (evK¡vivn 2/203)| AÎ
Avqv‡Z ÔwhKiÕ kãwUi A_© Ôwgbvq KsKi wb‡¶c KivÕ Ges Ôwbw`©ó
w`b¸wjÕ A_© AvBqv‡g Zvkix‡K¡i 11, 12 I 13B whjnv¾ wZbw`b|
G¶‡Y hw` †Kvb åvš— weZK©Kvix ej‡Z Pvq †h, ÔwhKiÕ A_© Ô¯§iY
KivÕ Ges rI $c( , $ I 36- A_© ^J M Abyhvqx 3 †_‡K 9 w`b eyS‡Z
n‡e| †Kbbv I 36- I r
I $c( , $ `yÕwU kãB O ev Awbw`©ó evPK; AZGe
hw` †KD eQ‡ii Awbw`©ó K‡qKw`‡b †Kvb Dcv‡q Avj−vn‡K ¯§iY K‡i,
ZvnÕ‡j †m e¨w³ D³ Avqv‡Zi ûKzg h_v_©fv‡e cvjb Kij|
Gi Reve GB †h, cÖKZ … A‡_© ÔAvj−vn&i ¯§iYÕ nÕj ZvB, hv wZwb ¯^xq
bexi gva¨‡g ev›`v‡K Rvwb‡q w`‡q‡Qb| Avi †mUvB nÕj AvBqv‡g
Zvkix‡K¡i wZbw`b KsKi wb‡¶c Kiv| wØZxq Reve nÕj, KziAvb
gvRx‡ì we‡kl eY©bvfw½ GB †h, KziAvb Bev`Z mg~‡ni bvg D‡j−L
K‡i bv| eis Zvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ eY©bv K‡i| GLv‡b KsKi gvivi K_v
D‡j−L bv K‡i Zvi g~j D‡Ïk¨ Avj−vn‡K ¯§iY Kivi K_v D‡j−L Kiv
n‡q‡Q| †hgb AvivdvZ †_‡K cÖZ¨veZ©bKv‡j gyh`vwjdv‡Z Ae¯’vb
Kivi K_v ¯úó fvlvq bv e‡j Zvi D‡ÏkÜzKz eY©bv K‡i ejv
n‡q‡Q, ( ('
; Q* $ & $h
$ * & $ ]
, $ * $ ),& P ('; Q* -> r
I ->$ $ , & , %(N
, >-- -Q~&>-
..., '; $ W$ $'- ÔAvi hLb †Zvgiv AvivdvZ †_‡K (wgbvq) wdi‡e,
ZLb (gyh`vwjdvq) gvkÔAvi“j nviv‡g †cuŠ‡Q Avj−vn‡K ¯§iY Ki|
Avi †Zvgiv Zuv‡K ¯§iY Ki †hfv‡e wZwb †Zvgv‡ì wb‡`©kbv
w`‡q‡Qb...Õ (evK¡vivn 2/198)| †mB Ôwb‡`©kbvÕ G‡m‡Q ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi
mybœv‡Zi gva¨‡g| d‡j GLv‡b wbR B”QvgZ e¨vL¨v Kivi †Kvb myhvM
†bB|
Contents
AZGe KziAvb gRx‡` †hLv‡b ÔwhKiÕ kãwU †Kvb we‡kl Kvj ev

¯’v‡bi eÜbmn D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q, †mLv‡b Zv Øviv we‡kl Bev`‡Zi
c×wZ eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q, mvaviYfv‡e Ô¯§iY KivÕ bq| AZGe nv`xQ‡K
AMÖvn¨ K‡i KziAvb Abyave‡bi `vex nvm¨Ki gvÎ|
(5) KziAv‡bi AvnKvg wbw`©ó Ki‡Y `~i`„wó :
KziAvb gvRx‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K k‡ãi A_© wbw`©ó Ki‡Y †hgwbfv‡e D³
kãvejx KziAv‡bi †h mKj ¯’v‡b G‡m‡Q, †m mKj ¯’v‡bi cÖwZ `„wó
wbe× Kiv Acwinvh©| †Zgwbfv‡e †Kvb AvqvZ †_‡K †Kvb ûKzg †ei
Kivi †¶‡Î KziAv‡bi †h mKj ¯’v‡b †mwU ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, †m mKj
¯’v‡bi cÖwZI `„wócvZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb Ges cÖ‡Z¨K ¯’v‡bi c~ev© ci cÖ‡qvM
c×wZi Dci `~i`„wó mnKv‡i D³ ûKz‡gi g~j j‡¶¨ DcbxZ nIqvi
†Póv Kiv Avek¨K| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, H3% $ ?- :()& f, 6( - .
$ T1$ $
- >-
, K( )$,$ $ n
$ Y$ $&> 0$ :(O| h
$ 6( ÔAZGe †Zvgvi cvjbKZ©vi kc_! Zviv
KL‡bv (c~Y©) gywgb nÕ‡Z cvi‡e bv, hZ¶Y bv Zviv Zv‡ì weev`xq
wel‡q †Zvgv‡K dvqQvjv `vbKvix wnmv‡e †g‡b wb‡eÕ (wbmv 4/65)|
Lv‡iRx AvK¡x`vi gydvmwmiMY AÎ Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v K‡i‡Qb ÔZvM~‡Zi
Abymvix Hme †jv‡Kiv ÔCgv‡bi MÊx †_‡K †ewi‡q hv‡e| gy‡L Zviv
hZ `vexB Ki“K bv †KbÕ|36 A_P GLv‡b ?- :()& f, 6(
- ÔZviv gywgb nÕ‡Z
cvi‡e bvÕ-Gi cÖK…Z A_© nÕj, ?- $6,~&* ?- :, ;& O
* %$, 6$ - ÔZviv c~Y© gywgb
nÕ‡Z cvi‡e bvÕ (dvrûj evix nv/2359-Gi e¨vL¨v)| KviY D³ AvqvZ
bvwhj n‡qwQj `yÕRb Qvnvexi ci¯ú‡ii Rwg‡Z cvwb †mP wb‡q SMov
wgUv‡bvi D‡Ï‡k¨|37 `yÕR‡bB wQ‡jb eìx Qvnvex Ges `yÕR‡bB wQ‡jb
¯^ ¯^ RxeÏkvq ¶gvcÖvß I Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev`cÖvß| AZGe Zv‡ì
KvD‡K ÔZvM~‡Zi AbymvixÕ gybvwdK ev Kvwdi ejvi Dcvq †bB| wKš‘
Lv‡iRx I kxÔAvcš’x gydvmwmiMY Zv‡ì ÔKv‡diÕ ejvq cÖkvwš— †eva
36. mvBwq` KzZez , Zvdmxi dx whjvwjj KziAvb 2/895; wRnv` I wK¡Zvj 67 c„.|
37. eyLvix nv/2359; gymwjg nv/2357; wgkKvZ nv/2993|
Contents
K‡i _v‡Kb| Zviv Gi Øviv mKj Kexiv †MvbvnMvi gymjgvb‡K
ÔKv‡diÕ mve¨¯— K‡i‡Qb| d‡j Zv‡ì aviYvq †Kvb gymwjg miKvi
ÔgyiZv`Õ nIqvi Rb¨ GUvB h‡_ó †h, D³ miKvi ¯^xq iv‡óª wKQz Kzdix
Kv‡Ri cÖKvk NUv‡jvÕ|
A_P Zviv Aviexq evKixwZ Ges nv`x‡Qi cÖwZ j¶¨ K‡ibwb| †hgb
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, m
- &J .( & f, 6( - & $ (& f, 6( - & $ (& f, 6( - & $
=4( @- 6&$:$ ( 1( $B ( $ <* 6$ - k&98 : a- -J & a- :(`1$ $6 , $ $ ÔAvj−vn&i Kmg! H
e¨w³ gywgb bq (3 evi), hvi cÖwZ‡ekx Zvi AwbóKvwiZv nÕ‡Z wbivc`
bqÕ|38 GLv‡b Ôgywgb bqÕ A_© c~Y© gywgb bq| Ab¨ nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,
" L* '; 4( ;$%J&$ "S:( >; & &, ( * #
( $2`& Ôgymjgvb‡K Mvwj †Ìqv dv‡mKx Ges
Zvi mv‡_ hy× Kiv KzdixÕ|39 Gi A_© †m cÖK…Z Kv‡di bq, eis
gnvcvcx| hw` Gi A_© cÖK…Z Kv‡di ej‡Z nq, ZvnÕ‡j D‡Ui hy‡× I
wQddxb hy‡× Dfq c‡¶i mKj Qvnvex‡K Kv‡di ej‡Z n‡e| †Kvb
weØvb hv e‡jbwb|
(6) bv‡mL-gvbm~‡Li Ávb AR©b :
AvnKv‡gi evwn¨K êcix‡Zï Kvi‡Y A‡bK Zvdmxiwe` KziAv‡bi
AvqvZ mg~‡n bv‡mL-gvbm~‡Li gZ †cvlY K‡i _v‡Kb Ges G‡K GZB
¸i“Z¡ †Ìqv n‡q‡Q †h, G wel‡q AmsL¨ MÖš’ iwPZ n‡q‡Q| Avgv‡ì
g‡Z Gi Øviv bvm&L-Gi cwifvlvMZ A_© (iwnZ Kiv) bq, eis
AvnKv‡gi cÖ‡qvM wewa eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †Kbbv cÖK…Z cÖ¯v— ‡e †Kvb
AvqvZ gvbm~L (iwnZ) bq| eis GK ûKzg‡K Ab¨ ûKz‡gi Zzjbvq
mvgwqKfv‡e gvbm~L ejv †h‡Z cv‡i|
D`vniY : (1) KziAv‡bi GK ¯’v‡b Kvwdi‡ì Drcxo‡b âh© avi‡Yi
K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, , W( , n
( W, $ ?- :;:;@6$ $ H-$ , 2&
, $
D&B$ En
, W$ ÔAvi Kvwdi-gykwiKiv †hme K_v e‡j, Zv‡Z Zzwg Qei
38. eyLvix nv/6016; wgkKvZ nv/4962|

Contents
Ki Ges Zv‡ì‡K my›ìfv‡e cwinvi K‡i PjÕ (gyhhvw¤§j 73/10;
gyÏvQ&wQi 74/7; AvnK¡vd 46/35)| wKš‘ Ab¨Î †Rviv‡jv fvlvq wRnv‡ì
wb‡`©k w`‡q Avj−vn e‡jb, * ;A* $ j
$ @& >&$)( *$ 1$ 8LO; * & W& $B b 2&)3 $K6b-$6
=F(
& $ * [
$ \*&$ ( )3K$ B$ , W( $<* $ $ , K& ,-$ Ô†n bex! Kv‡di I gybvwdK‡ì
wei“‡× wRnv` Ki I Zv‡ì cÖwZ K‡Vvi nI| Zv‡ì wVKvbv nÕj
Rvnvbœvg| Avi IUv nj wbK…ó wVKvbvÕ (ZIevn 9/73; Zvnixg 66/9)|
GLv‡b GKwU AciwUi bvwmL bq| eis âh© avi‡Yi wb‡`©k †mB hy‡M
wQj, hLb gymjgvbiv `yej
© wQj| Avi wRnv‡ì wb‡`©k †mB mg‡qi Rb¨
hLb gymjgvbiv kw³kvjx n‡qwQj| GB wbqg mKj hy‡MB cÖ‡hvR¨|
nhiZ Avãyj−vn Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, ÔKvwdi‡ì wei“‡× wRnv`
n‡e A‡¯¿i Øviv Ges gybvwdK‡ì wei“‡× wRnv` n‡e hevb Øviv Ges
Ab¨vb¨ cš’vq K‡VviZv Av‡iv‡ci ØvivÕ| gybvwdK m`©vi Avãyjv− n Be‡b
DevB‡K mKj b‡ói g~j †R‡bI ivm~j (Qvt) Zv‡K nZ¨vi wb‡`©k
†`bwb Zvi evwn¨K Bmjv‡gi Kvi‡Y| Beby gvmE` (ivt) e‡jb,
gybvwdK‡ì wei“‡× wRnv` Ki nvZ Øviv, bv cvi‡j hevb Øviv, bv
cvi‡j I‡ì‡K Gwo‡q PjÕ| Bebyj ÔAvivex e‡jb, Ôhevb Øviv `jxj
Kv‡qg Kivi welqwU nÕj ¯’vqx wRnv`Õ|40
Ggwbfv‡e †h mKj AvqvZ m¤ú‡K© bvm&L-Gi `vex Kiv n‡q‡Q, †m¸wj
ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e †h, KziAv‡bi †Kvb AvqvZB Ab¨ †Kvb
AvqvZ Øviv gvbm~L bq|
D`vniY (2) : Avj−vn e‡jb,
3 W( 1$ :(B; 3 W( :(5-> 3 K( ),& 4& & , %(, %$, %$`, $>-
sD N
$ 6&>- ÔAZtci Zv‡ì g‡a¨ hv‡K †Zvgiv †fvM Ki‡e, Zv‡K Zvi dih
†gvnivbv cÖ`vb KiÕ (wbmv 4/24)| AÎ Avqv‡Z , %(, %$, %$`
, kã Øviv A‡b‡K
gyrÔAv weevn A_© wb‡q‡Qb| hvi ûKzg iwnZ n‡q‡Q| AZGe Zviv AÎ
AvqvZ‡K ûKz‡gi w`K †_‡K gvbm~L e‡j‡Qb| A_P gyrÔAvi mv‡_ G
Avqv‡Zi †Kvb m¤úK©B †bB|
40. KziZzex, m~iv ZIev 73 Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v `ªóe¨; 8/187 c„.; Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi
4/192|
Contents
D`vniY (3) : Ggb nq †h, †Kvb Avqv‡Z GKwU ûKzg mvaviYfv‡e
ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Ab¨ Avqv‡Z ûKzgwU we‡kl †cÖw¶‡Z wbw`©ó Kiv
n‡q‡Q| A‡b‡K GB wbw`©ó KiY‡KB bvm&L a‡i wb‡q‡Qb| †hgb BÏZ
m¤úwK©Z Avqv‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q, sD 3
& $ EB$d, - ?- (19- 6$$ , O; ),& ?- :, >8:$ %$6( $ 6&98$

I $C, /& $ ,A- a& :, h
$ * H-/& E$%$ , K& B& $d, <-& ÔAvi †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ hviv
g„ZzëiY K‡i I ¯¿x‡ì †Q‡o hvq, Zviv †hb ¯^xq ¯¿xMY‡K †ei K‡i bv
w`‡q GK eQ‡ii Rb¨ fiY-†cvl‡Yi AwQqZ K‡i hvqÕ (evK¡vivn
2/240)| AÎ AvqvZ Øviv ¯úó eySv hvq †h, g„Zzï BÏZ GK eQi|
wKš‘ Ab¨ Avqv‡Z ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, EB$d, - ?- (19- 6$$ , O
; ),& ?- :, >8:$ %$6( $ 6&98$
, O; ,-$
$ $)B( ->- 3 K( -B$ - $ }, -$ -Q~&>- E]
, $ $ I K( Y, - s- $ $1, - 3 K& & L; ,<-& $
, 3$ %$6$

& (, $ *& 3 K& & L; ,- &> $ * $ >- $>& ÔAvi †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ hviv g„ZzëiY
Ki‡e I weaev ¯¿x‡ì †Q‡o hv‡e, H ¯¿xMY Pvi gvm `kw`b A‡c¶v
Ki‡e (A_©vr BÏZ cvjb Ki‡e)| AZtci hLb Zviv †gqv` c~Y©
Ki‡e, ZLb Zviv wb‡R‡ì wel‡q b¨vqvbyMfv‡e hv Ki‡e, Zv‡Z
†Zvgv‡ì Dci †Kvb †`vl †bBÕ (evK¡vivn 2/234)| AÎ AvqvZ Øviv
cÖgvwYZ nq †h, weaevi BÏZ GK eQi bq eis Pvi gvm `k w`b|
AvqvZ `yÕwUi g‡a¨ evn¨Zt we‡iva `„ó nIqvq Zvdmxiwe`MY bvm&L-
Gi gZ †cvlY K‡i _v‡Kb| A_P Mfxifv‡e wPš—v Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e
†h, GLv‡b bvm&L †bB| kvn AwjDj−vn †`njfx e‡jb, D³ AvqvZ
Ø‡qi g‡a¨ mvgÄm¨ weav‡bi c_ GB †h, g„Z e¨w³i ¯¿xi Rb¨ GK
eQ‡ii _vKv-LvIqvi AwQqZ Kiv gy¯v— nve| Z‡e ¯¿xi BÏZKvj nÕj
Pvi gvm `k w`b (hw` †m Mf©eZx bv nq)| Gici †m B”Qv Ki‡j
Ab¨Î weevn Ki‡Z cv‡i| Aek¨ ¯¿xi Rb¨ D³ AwQqZ †gvZv‡eK GK
eQi Ae¯’vb Kiv IqvwRe bq|
Bebyj K¡vBwqg, Beby nhg, AveyeKi Avj-RvQQvQ cÖgy‡Li e³e¨ Øviv
GK_v ¯úó nq †h, KziAvb gvRx‡ì †Kvb Avqv‡Zi Dc‡i hLb bvm&L
Av‡ivc Kiv nq, ZLb Zv Øviv iwnZ KiY eySvq bv| eis GK_vB
Contents
D‡Ïk¨ nq †h, `yÕwU Avqv‡Zi ûKz‡gi †cÖw¶Z I Ae¯’v wQj wfbœ|

Gfv‡e Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v I we‡k−lY Øx‡bi c~Y©ZviB `jxj|
G Kvi‡YB †h mKj weØvb bvm&L ¯^xKvi K‡ib, Zviv gvbm~L Avqv‡Zi
msL¨v wba©vi‡Y mxgvnxb gZ cv_©‡K¨ c‡o †M‡Qb| d‡j gvbm~L
Avqv‡Zi msL¨v Zv‡ì wbKU 500, 300, 25, 20 I †kl‡gk 5wU‡Z
ùvwo‡q‡Q|
D`vniY (4) : Bebyj ÔAvivex gvbm~L Avqv‡Zi msL¨v 20wU e‡jb|
Zvi g‡a¨ GKwU nÕj jI O& , & ( $- s_ 6$, >& 4( $:;@&w6( $ 6&98 H-$ $ ÔAvi hv‡ì
Rb¨ GwU Lye KóKi n‡e, Zviv †hb Gi cwie‡Z© GKRb K‡i
Afvex‡K Lv`¨ `vb K‡iÕ (evK¡vivn 2/184) AvqvZwU cieZ©x AvqvZ , $ >-
4( ,
( $* >- $ K, ]
3 ( O; ),& $ K& Y$ ÔAZGe †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †h e¨w³ G gvm
cv‡e, †m †hb G gv‡mi wQqvg iv‡LÕ (evK¡vivn 2/185) Øviv gvbm~L
n‡q‡Q| Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, G AvqvZ gvbm~L nqwb| eis GwU
AwZe„× I e„×v, hviv wQqvg cvj‡b AwaK Kó‡eva K‡ib, Zv‡ì Rb¨|
wZwb Mf©eZx I `y»`vbKvwiYx gv‡q‡ì RbÏ GwU cÖ‡hvR¨ e‡jb|
nhiZ Avbvm (ivt) wb‡Ri Pig eva©‡K¨ GK eQi ev `yÕeQi Giƒc
K‡iwQ‡jb Ges GKw`‡b wÎkRb wgmKxb‡K †MvkZ I i“wUmn DËg
Lv`¨ LvB‡q cwiZ…ß K‡ib|41 kvn AwjDj−vn †`njfxi g‡Z gvbm~L
41. KziZex; Beby KvQxi, Zvdmxi m~iv evK¡vivn 185 AvqvZ| nhiZ Avbvm web
gv‡jK AvbQvix LvhivRx (ivt) ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi `k eQ‡ii †Mvjvg wQ‡jb|
Zvi gv D‡¤§ myjvB‡gi Av‡e`b µ‡g wZwb Zvi Rb¨ †`vÔAv K‡ib, (4-$ , G&'* - 3 K( 8
4$%,w- , - $&> 4( - 0, 1& $$ ($ -$ $ Ô†n Avj−vn! Zzwg Zvi gvj I mš—vb evwo‡q `vI I Zv‡Z
eiKZ `vIÕ| Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, Avgvi m¤ú` e„w× †c‡q‡Q Ges AvR‡K Avgvi
mš—vbvw` I Zm¨ mš—vbvwì msL¨v GKkÕ Qvwo‡q †M‡QÕ (eyLvix nv/6334; gymwjg
nv/2480; wgkKvZ nv/6199)| Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, ÔZzwg Zvi nvqvZ `xN© Ki I
Zv‡K ¶gv KiÕ (Avj-Av`veyj gydiv` nv/653)| Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, Ges Zv‡K
Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek KivIÕ| wZwb eQivi g„ZzëiYKvix me‡kl Qvnvex wQ‡jb| G mgq
Zuvi eqm m¤ú‡K© 90 †_‡K 107 eQi ch©š— eY©bv i‡q‡Q (Avj-BQvevn µwgK
277)|
Contents
Avqv‡Zi msL¨v 5wU| Z‡e wgm‡ii gydZx gynv¤§v` Avãyn~ (1849-
1905 L„.) g‡Z KziAv‡b GKwUI gvbm~L AvqvZ †bB|
Avgv‡ì g‡Z bvm&L `yÕcÖKv‡ii| bvm&‡L AvqvZ I bvm&‡L AvnKvg|
Avgiv bvm&‡L AvnKv‡g wek¦vm Kwi, bvm&‡L Avqv‡Z bq| A_©vr `yÕwU
wfbœ Ae¯’vi †cÖw¶‡Z `yÕwU wfbœ ûKyg bvwhj nq Ges Dfq ûKzg ¯^ ¯^
¯’v‡b mwVK I h_vh_ e‡j MY¨ nq| †hgb gymjgvbMY hLb `yej © wQj,
ZLb Zv‡ì âh© aviY Ki‡Z ejv nq| c‡i hLb kw³kvjx nq, ZLb
wRnv‡ì ûKzg bvwhj nq| GB ûKyg `yÕwU AZx‡Z †h †cÖ¶vc‡U †hfv‡e
Avgj‡hvM¨ wQj, eZ©gv‡bI †Zgb Av‡Q| wKš‘ Kv‡diiv GB
cwieZ©‡bi inm¨ eyS‡Z bv †c‡i ivm~j‡K Ôwg_¨v D™¢vebKvixÕ
e‡jwQj| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, I %$L* ( ^
$ ,- $3/& :;-J ÔZviv e‡j, Zzwg †Zv
gbMov K_v ejÕ (bvnj 16/101)|
AZGe †h e¨w³ KziAvb Abyave‡bi †mŠfvM¨ jvf Ki‡Z Pvb, Zvi Rb¨
†hgb KziAv‡bi kãmg~‡ni A_© wbw`©óKi‡Y ¯^qs KziAv‡bi w`‡K
cÖZ¨veZ©b Kiv cÖ‡qvRb, †Zgwb ûKzg mg~n †ei Kivi †¶‡Î Zvi Rb¨
hiƒix nÕj †Kvb& ûKzg †Kvb& mg‡qi Rb¨ wQj, Zvi †¶Î I ¯’vb wbY©q
Kiv Ges cÖ‡Z¨KwUi D‡Ïk¨ D`NvU‡b M‡elYv Kiv| GUv bv K‡i
bvwmL-gvbm~L e‡j Pvwj‡q w`‡j Zv KziAv‡bi D‡Ï‡kï cwicš’x n‡e|
Zvdmxi I Zvexj-Gi cv_©K¨ :
Zvdmx‡ii A_© nÕj k‡ãi e¨vL¨v Kiv Ges Zvex‡ji A_© nÕj g~j
D‡Ïk¨ e¨³ Kiv| †hgb (1) Avj−vn e‡jb, c& $, & *&2- .
$ 31$ ?8 /& Ôwbðq
†Zvgvi cvjbKZ©v NuvwU‡Z m`v mZK© _v‡KbÕ (dRi 89/14)| Gi
Zvdmxi nÕj Ô†Zvgvi cÖfy †Zvgvi Kvh©vejx ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡QbÕ Ges Zvi
Zvexj nÕj, Avgv‡ì‡K Ab¨vq KvR mg~n nÕ‡Z weiZ _vK‡Z n‡e|
wKš‘ GB Zvex‡ji †¶‡Î gbMov e¨vL¨v Kiv hv‡e bv| eis Qnxn
nv`x‡Qi Avkªq wb‡Z n‡e| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, (2) , -$ :()$ 7 $ 6&98
Contents
?- ( %$K, ( , W( $ ( , <-* ( K( - .
$ \&-; I * y; & , K( $$e/& :( 2&* 6$ Ôhviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q
Ges Zv‡ì Cgv‡bi mv‡_ wkiK‡K wgwkªZ K‡iwb, Zv‡ì Rb¨B i‡q‡Q
(Rvnvbœvg †_‡K) wbivcËv Ges ZvivB †n`vqvZ cÖvßÕ (AvbÔAvg 6/82)|
GLv‡b *X; -Gi AvwfavwbK A_© wb‡j QMxiv I Kvexiv mKj cÖKvi
†Mvbvn eySvq| GRb¨ Qvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi GKwU `j ivm~j (Qvt)-†K
ej‡jb, Avgv‡ì g‡a¨ Ggb †K Av‡Q †h ¯^xq bvd‡mi Dc‡i KL‡bv
hyjyg K‡iwb? ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, GLv‡b *X; Øviv ÔwkiKÕ eySv‡bv
n‡q‡Q| GRb¨ Bgvg evMvfx e‡jb, Zvex‡ji A_© nÕj, AvqvZ Øviv
Ggb A_© MÖnY Kiv hv D³ Avqv‡Zi c~e©vci m¤úwK©Z n‡e Ges
KziAvb I mybœvn&i cwicš’x n‡e bvÕ|
nv`xQ e¨wZ‡i‡K mwVKfv‡e KziAvb Abyaveb Kiv wK m¤¢e? m¤cÖwZ
Ggb me cwÊ‡Zi msL¨v w`b w`b e„w× cv‡”Q, hviv KziAv‡bi mwVK gg©
D×v‡i nv`x‡Qi Ávb‡K kZ© g‡b K‡ib bv| Zv‡ì g‡Z nv`xQ
Awbf©ikxj I AMÖnY‡hvM¨| GgbwK GKRb nv`xQ A¯^xKviKvix e¨w³
nv`xQ MÖš’mg~n‡K Ôwg_¨vi DËvj Zi½Õ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb|
GZ`m‡Ë¡I gvbyl Zvi cÖwZ m¤§vb cÖ`k©b K‡i _v‡K| Zvi cÖeÜmg~n
mvgwqKx‡Z ¯’vb †`q Ges Zv‡K ^
, 8& c& T n
$ ( ^
, $ 6,& Y$ H&h
, ( (kixÔAvZ
RxweZKvix, D¤§‡Zi ms¯‹viK) BZ¨vw` Dcvwa‡Z f~wlZ K‡i|
Rvbv Avek¨K †h, Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) †Kej GKRb evZ©venK wQ‡jb
bv| eis wZwb wQ‡jb KziAv‡bi A_© I D‡Ïk¨ eY©bvKvix Ges Zvi
e¨vL¨v cÖ`vbKvix| †hgb Gikv` n‡q‡Q, $ T2$%(& 8 /& #
$ $%O& * .
$ ,-$ $)*+$ ,- $$
4& &> :;L-%$C, l&98 ( K( - ÔAvgiv †Zvgvi cÖwZ KziAvb bvwhj K‡iwQ †Kej
GRb¨ †h, Zzwg Zv‡ì‡K wek`fv‡e e¨vL¨v K‡i w`‡e †hme wel‡q
Zviv gZ‡f` K‡iÕ (bvnj 16/64)| GLv‡b 4& &> me©bvg Øviv ÔwKZveÕ
eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| A_©vr KziAv‡bi †Kvb k‡ãi A_© ev ûKzg m¤ú‡K©
gZ‡f` †`Lv w`‡j ivm~j (Qvt) hLb Zvi e¨vL¨v w`‡eb, ZLb Zuvi
Contents
e¨vL¨vB n‡e P~ovš—| †hgb ejv n‡q‡Q, -Q/& sI $)& f, (

- $ I & f, ( & ?- -' $$
, W& & ,- , & ; $ $i
& * ( K( - ?- :;O6$ ?* - E, - 4( ;:(`1$ $ R H$NJ- ÔAvj−vn I Zuvi
ivm~j †Kvb wel‡q dvqQvjv w`‡j †Kvb gywgb cyi“l ev bvixi †m wel‡q
wbR¯^ †Kvb dvqQvjv †Ìqvi GLwZqvi †bBÕ (Avnhve 33/36)| GLv‡b
†Kej Avj−vn&i wb‡`©k bq eis ivm~‡ji wb‡`©k Agvb¨ KiviI †Kvb
GLwZqvi gywgb‡K †Ìqv nqwb Ges Zvi Aeva¨Zv‡K cÖKvk¨ †Mvgivnx
ejv n‡q‡Q|
hw` †Kvb KjnwcÖq e¨w³ e‡j †h, KziAv‡bi Dc‡i Avgj Kivi A_©B
nÕj Avj−vn I ivm~‡ji cÖwZ Cgvb Avbq‡bi kvwgj| Z‡e Zvi Rev‡e
ejv n‡e †h, gywgb‡ì Dci AbyMÖ‡ni K_v ej‡Z wM‡q Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv
cwi®‹vifv‡e e‡j‡Qb †h, ivm~jyjv− n †Zvgv‡ì wbKU wKZve I wnKgZ
(mybœvn) mn G‡m‡Qb| , & D :(`1$ , K& &> g
- $ $ Q* /& j
$ )&& f, ( * H-$ R 3 $ , @- -
s- $ O* h
& *$ #
$ $%O& * ( K( ( |$ 6($ , K& |'+$ 6($ 4& 5&$67 , K& ,-$ :;%,6$ , K& & L; ,- Ôwek¦vmx‡ì
Dci Avj−vn AbyMÖn K‡i‡Qb hLb wZwb Zv‡ì wbKU Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K
GKRb‡K ivm~j wnmv‡e †cÖiY K‡i‡Qb| whwb Zv‡ì wbKU Zuvi AvqvZ
mg~n cvV K‡ib I Zv‡ì‡K cwiï× K‡ib Ges Zv‡ì‡K wKZve I
wnKgZ (KziAvb I mybœvn) wk¶v †`bÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 3/164)|
GLv‡b #-%&'-Gi Dc‡i s$O
* & -Gi {*w$ Øviv ?-$ {
( w* $ eySv‡bv
nqwb| †Kbbv AjsKvi kv¯¿we`MY Rv‡bb †h, GwU ?-$ { ( w* $ -Gi
¯’vbB bq| KviY GLv‡b Avj−vn&i Bnmvb I Zuvi ivm~‡ji wewfbœ ¸Yvejx
eY©bv KivB gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨| hw` wKZve I wnKgZ Øviv GKB e¯‘ eySv‡bv
nq, ZvnÕ‡j ivm~‡ji ¸Yvejxi g‡a¨ GKwUi Afve cwijw¶Z n‡e|
Avi hw` wnKgZ Øviv Avj−vn&i wKZve Qvov Ab¨ wKQz eySv‡bv nq, Z‡e
ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi K_v I Kg© e¨ZxZ Ab¨ wK e¯‘ nÕ‡Z cv‡i? Ab¨Î ejv
n‡q‡Q, , O
; ),& & , <-* &;$ a- :(`3 :(&-$ P :(&- :()$ 7 $ 6&98 $K6b- $6
Ô†n wek¦vmxMY! †Zvgiv AvbyMZ¨ Ki Avj−vn&i Ges AvbyMZ¨ Ki ivm~‡ji
I †Zvgv‡ì †bZ…e„‡›ìÕ (wbmv 4/59)|
Contents
AÎ Avqv‡Z Avj−vn I Z`xq ivm~‡ji Rb¨ c„_Kfv‡e `yÕwU :(&- kã

eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ & , <-* &;-Gi Rb¨ c„_Kfv‡e :(&- kã
eëüZ nqwb| eis Zv‡K ivm~‡ji Dc‡i {w Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨
we‡kl inm¨ wbwnZ i‡q‡Q| GLv‡b GKwU :(&- kã eënvi K‡i
ivm~j I Dwjj Avgi‡K Zvi Dc‡i {*w$ Kiv †hZ| A_ev cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki
Rb¨ c„_K c„_K wZbwU :(&- eënvi Kiv †hZ| Zv bv K‡i Avj−vn I
ivm~‡ji Rb¨ c„_K `yÕwU :(&- ejvi D‡Ïk¨ nÕj c„_K `yÕwU AvBb
mgwói w`‡K Bw½Z Kiv| hvi GKwU Avj−vn&i mv‡_ mivmwi m¤úwK©Z
n‡q ÔwKZveyj−vnÕ Ges AciwU ivm~‡ji mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z n‡Ômybvœ ‡Z
ivm~wjj−vnÕ| Avi †h‡nZz Djyj Avg‡ii Rb¨ c„_K †Kvb AvBb mgwó
†bB, eis Zviv Avj−vn I ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨kxj, †m‡nZz Zv‡ì Rb¨
c„_Kfv‡e :(&- kã eënvi Kiv nqwb| G †_‡K cwi®‹vi eySv hvq
†h, Avgv‡ì Rb¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨ `jxj gvÎ `yÕwU : KziAvb I mybœvn| hv
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Zvi we`vq n‡¾i fvl‡Y e‡j wM‡q‡Qb|
hw` ejv nq ivm~‡ji ûKzg g~jZt Avj−vn&i ûKzg, ZvnÕ‡j cÖkœ †_‡K hvq
†h, Avj−vn&i mv‡_ ivm~‡ji D‡j−‡Li KviY wK? †`Lyb Ab¨Î †Kej
ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ Ges Zvi wb‡`©kvejx cÖwZcvj‡bi K‡Vvi wb‡`©k w`‡q
Avj−vn e‡jb, - 3 Z; , K( )$,$ $ n
$ Y$ $&> 0$ :(O| h
$ 6( H3%$ ?- :()& f, 6( - .
$ T1$ $
- >-
E&, 5$ :(|$ 6($ ^
$ ,N
$ J- 3& EB$ $ , K& & L; ,- &> ( n
& 6$ ÔAZGe †Zvgvi
cvjbKZ©vi kc_! Zviv KL‡bv (c~Y©) gywgb nÕ‡Z cvi‡e bv, hZ¶Y bv
Zviv Zv‡ì weev`xq wel‡q †Zvgv‡K dvqQvjv `vbKvix wnmv‡e †g‡b
wb‡e| AZtci †Zvgvi †Ìqv dvqQvjvi e¨vcv‡i Zv‡ì Aš—‡i
†Kvbiƒc wØav-ms‡KvP bv ivL‡e Ges me©vš—tKi‡Y Zv †g‡b wb‡eÕ (wbmv
4/65)| G Avqv‡Z ¯úó cÖgvwYZ nq †h, ivm~‡ji wb‡`©kvejxi Dci
Avgj Kiv wVK Abyiƒc Acwinvh©, †hiƒc KziAv‡bi Dci Avgj Kiv
Contents
Acwinvh©| cv_©K¨ †Kej GZUzKz †h, KziAvb AZ¨š— wek¦¯— m~‡Î
Avgv‡ì wbK‡U †cuŠ‡Q‡Q| Gw`K †_‡K KziAvb P~ovš— `jxj wnmv‡e
¯^xK…Z| wKš‘ nv`x‡Qi gh©v`v Abyiƒc bq| KviY A‡bK Kg msL¨K
nv`xQ Ggb Av‡Q hv ÔgyZvIqvwZiÕ e‡j cwiMwYZ| G cv_©K¨ †Kej
mej I `ye©j eY©bvi †cÖw¶‡Z cwi`„ó nq| Ab¨_vq †Kvb nv`xQ hw`
Qnxn cÖgvwYZ nq, Z‡e Zv Aek¨ cvjbxq nIqvi e¨vcv‡i D³ nv`xQ
I KziAv‡bi Avqv‡Zi g‡a¨ †Kvb cv_©K¨ n‡e bv| †Kbbv nv`xQ
m¤ú‡K© ¯^qs Avj−vn mv¶¨ w`‡”Qb †h,
8 /& :$ W( ?* /& =k$:K$ * & $ ( w& ),6$ $$
H$:(6 " , $ Ôivm~j †Kvb gbMov K_v e‡jb bv, hv e‡jb Zv Anx
e¨ZxZ bqÕ (bvRg 53/3-4)| Avi GKvi‡YB Avj−vn e‡jb, M& w
& 6( , $
Pp
$ -- , @- >- a- :(`3 Ô†h e¨w³ ivm~‡ji AvbyMZ¨ Kij, †m Avj−vn&i
AvbyMZ¨ KijÕ (wbmv 4/80)|
†h mKj e¨w³ nv`xQ‡K †Kej HwZnvwmK gh©v`v cÖ`vb K‡i _v‡Kb,
Zv‡ì Rb¨ wb‡gœ ewY©Z AvqvZ¸wj cybt cybt cvV Kiv DwPZ| †hgb
(K)
$ 6&98 4( 8 ( -, 6$ , J- EN, $ , O; N
& , $ V& $( '- , O; )$,$ a& :(`3 VP $c( :;$ n
, 5$ -
, - s_ )$%, >& , K( 2$&5( ?* - & & , - , $ ?- :;L&$i6( $ 6&98 1& 9- h
, $* >- DQ$:& , O; ),& ?- :;8$ %$6$
=" &- #
" -9$ , K( 2$&6( Ôivm~‡ji AvnŸvb‡K †Zvgiv ci¯ú‡ii cÖwZ
AvnŸv‡bi b¨vq MY¨ K‡iv bv| Avj−vn Zv‡ì‡K Rv‡bb hviv †Zvgv‡ì
ga¨ †_‡K Pywcmv‡i P‡j hvq| AZGe hviv Zuvi Av‡`‡ki wei“×vPiY
K‡i, Zviv G wel‡q mveavb †nŠK †h, wdrbv Zv‡ì‡K MÖvm Ki‡e
A_ev gg©š`‘ kvw¯— Zv‡ì Dci AvcwZZ n‡eÕ (b~i 24/63)|
(L) ?- (O
8 L- %$6$ , K( 8$ -$ , K& ,-/& a- +T ( $ U
& 3)& $ T2$%(& $ '* 9| .
$ ,-/& $)*+$ ,-$ ÔAvi
Avgiv †Zvgvi wbK‡U bvwhj K‡iwQ KziAvb, hv‡Z Zzwg gvbyl‡K
wek`fv‡e e¨vL¨v K‡i `vI hv Zv‡ì cÖwZ bvwhj Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hb Zviv
wPš—v-M‡elYv K‡iÕ (bvnj 16/44)|
Contents
(M) :(K%$,-> 4( ),$ , '

; $K$ $$ ( ;9i
( >- a; :(`3 ( '; $57 $$ Ôivm~j hv wb‡q
G‡m‡Qb Zv †Zvgiv MÖnY Ki Ges hv †_‡K wb‡la K‡ib Zv †_‡K
weiZ nIÕ (nvki 59/7)| †k‡lv³ Avqv‡Z , ' ; $K$$ , '; $5- `yÕwU wµqviB
KZ©v nÕ‡jb Ôivm~jÕ Ges Zuvi cÖwZ m¤^Ü k
, d& $n$ bq, eis H, @& ,@& $ | hw`
Zv bv nÕZ, ZvnÕ‡j KZ©v wnmv‡e ivm~j bv e‡j Avj−vn ejv nÕZ| Avi
Avj−vn&i ûKzg me©ve¯’vq AwaK ¸i“Z¡c~Y©| wKš‘ GLv‡b Avj−vn‡K KZ©v
Kiv nqwb| G‡Z eySv hvq †h, Avj−vn&i ivm~j wb‡Ri Zid †_‡K
†Zvgv‡ì hv wKQz cÖ`vb K‡ib, Zv MÖnY K‡iv Ges hv wb‡la K‡ib, Zv
†_‡K weiZ nI|
nv`xQ e¨ZxZ KziAv‡bi e¨vL¨v Av‡`Š m¤¢e bq :
KziAv‡bi AvqvZ mg~‡ni mwVK A_© mybvœ n e¨wZ‡i‡K wba©vwiZ nÕ‡Z
cv‡i bv| †hgb (1) KziAvb e‡j‡Q, - -
3 :(&J- Gi A_© Ô†Zvgiv
QvjvZ Kv‡qg KiÕ (evK¡vivn 2/43)| hw` nv`xQ †_‡K bv †bqv nq,
ZvnÕ‡j D³ ûKzg cÖwZcvj‡b GK A™¢~Z iK‡gi wek„sLjv †`Lv †`‡e|
Abyiƒcfv‡e j
$ & '& 3 M$ $ :('- 1, $ (Ges †Zvgiv i“K~Kvix‡ì mv‡_ i“K~
KiÕ (H)-Gi A_© I D‡Ïk¨ G‡Kev‡i ARvbv †_‡K hv‡e| Ggwbfv‡e
QvjvZ, hvKvZ, m~`-Ryqv †KvbwKQziB mwVK A_© Abyaveb Kiv m¤¢e
n‡e bv Ges †MvUv KziAvb cv‡Vi ciI Bev`Z I †jb‡`‡bi †Kvb c~Y©
bKkv ˆZix n‡e bv|
(2) nhiZ Bgivb web ûQv‡qb (ivt) GKevi wKQz †jv‡Ki m¤§y‡L
kvdvÔAvZ m¤ú‡K© e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb K‡ib| R‰bK e¨w³ cÖkœ K‡ib, †n
Avey Rybv‡q`! Avcwb Avgv‡ì wbKU Ggbme nv`xQ ej‡Qb, hvi g~j
Avgiv KziAv‡b cvB bv| Bgivb (ivt) GK_v ï‡b AZ¨š— †µvavwš^Z
nb Ges e‡jb, †Zvgiv wK KyiAvb cvV K‡ivwb? †Zvgiv wK KyiAv‡bi
†Kv_vI QvjvZ mg~‡ni ivKÔAvZ msL¨vi weeiY †c‡qQ? †Zvgiv wK
kªeY K‡ivwb †h, KziAvb ¯^qs †NvlYv K‡i‡Q,( ;9i
( >- a; :(`3 ( '; $57 $$
Ôivm~j hv wb‡q G‡m‡Qb Zv †Zvgiv MÖnY KiÕ (nvki 59/7)|
Contents
a; :(`3 ( '; $57 $$ AvqvZwU MYxgZ eÈb m¤ú‡K© bvwhj nÕ‡jI GwU
e¨vcK A‡_© G‡m‡Q| A_©vr MYxgZ mn mKj e¨vcv‡i ivm~j (Qvt)
†Zvgv‡ì hv wb‡`©k †`b, Zv cvjb Ki Ges hv wb‡la K‡ib, Zv nÕ‡Z
weiZ _vK|
( '; $57 $$ A_© '; w- , - ÔwZwb hv †Zvgv‡ì †`bÕ| wKš‘ GLv‡b A_©
n‡e '
; $ $ - hv †Zvgv‡ì wb‡`©k †`bÕ| †Kbbv Gi c‡iB ejv n‡q‡Q
4,)$ , '; $K$ $$ Ôhv †_‡K wZwb †Zvgv‡ì wb‡la K‡ibÕ| Avi wb‡la nj
Av‡`‡ki wecixZ| gvIqv`x© e‡jb, GwU ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mKj Av‡`k
I wb‡l‡ai †¶‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| wZwb Kj¨vY e¨ZxZ Av‡`k K‡ib bv Ges
AKj¨vY e¨ZxZ wb‡la K‡ib bvÕ (KziZzex)|
nv`xQ e¨ZxZ KziAvb Abyaveb I Bmjvg cÖwZcvjb †h Av‡`Š m¤¢e
bq †m wel‡q 3wU NUbv wb‡gœ cÖ`Ë nÕj|-
(1) nhiZ Avãyj−vn web gvmE` (ivt) n‡Z ewY©Z ivm~jyjv− n (Qvt)
Gikv` K‡ib, ÔAvj−vn jvÔbZ K‡i‡Qb nv‡Z DwéKvixbx, Dwé
MÖnYKvixbx, jjv‡Ui Pzj DrcvUb Kvwibx I `š— aviKvwibx bvix‡ì
cÖwZ, hviv †mŠ›`h© e„w×i Rb¨ Avj−vn&i m„wóMZ Aeqe‡K cwieZ©b K‡i|
K_vwU eby Avmv‡ì D‡¤§ BqvK‚e bvgœx R‰bKv gwnjvi Kv‡b †cŠuQ‡j
wZwb G‡m e‡jb, Avgvi Kv‡Q Lei †cŠu‡Q‡Q †h, Avcwb Giƒc Giƒc
e‡j‡Qb? Beby gvmE` ej‡jb, Avwg †Kb Zv‡K jvÔbZ Kie bv, hv‡K
Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) jvÔbZ K‡i‡Qb? Avi †mwU Avj−vn&i wKZv‡e
i‡q‡Q? ZLb gwnjv e‡jb, Avwg KziAvb cyivUv c‡owQ| wKš‘ †Kv_vI
IwU cvBwb hv Avcwb e‡j‡Qb| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, hw` Avcwb
g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co‡Zb, Zvn‡j †c‡Zb| Avcwb wK c‡obwb, ...( ' ; $57
$$ | gwnjv ej‡jb, nu¨v| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) GwU wb‡la
K‡i‡QbÕ| ZLb gwnjvwU ej‡jb, Avgvi g‡b nq, Avcbvi ¯¿x Hiƒc
K‡ib| Beby gvmE` ej‡jb, hvb †`‡L Av‡mb| gwnjvwU wM‡q †Zgb
Contents
wKQzB †c‡jb bv| ZLb Beby gvmE` ej‡jb, †m Giƒc Ki‡j Zvi
m‡½ Avgv‡ì wgjb nÕZ bv,Õ (eyLvix nv/4886; gymwjg nv/2125)|
(2) Avãyi ingvb web hv‡q` e‡jb, Avãyj−vn web gvmE` (ivt) ˆRbK
gynwig e¨w³‡K †`L‡jb †h, Zvi †`‡n Ab¨ †cvlvK i‡q‡Q| ZLb
wZwb ej‡jb, Zzwg G †cvlvK Ly‡j †djÕ| †jvKwU ejj, Avcwb
Avgv‡K G e¨vcv‡i KziAv‡bi †Kvb AvqvZ ïbv‡Z cvi‡eb? wZwb
ej‡jb, nu¨v| AZtci wZwb ...( '
; $57 $$ AvqvZwU co‡jb (KziZzex)|
(3) GK`v Bgvg kv‡dC (int) e‡jb, †Zvgiv Avgv‡K hv Lykx cÖkœ
Ki| Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K Avj−vn&i wKZve I †Zvgv‡ì bexi mybvœ n †_‡K
Reve †è| ZLb GKRb ejj, Avj−vn Avcbvi Kj¨vY Ki“b| gynwig
Ae¯’vq fxgi“j ev †evjZv gvivi ûKzg wK? wZwb Ôwemwgj−vnÕ e‡j
...( '
; $57 $$ AvqvZwU co‡jb| AZtci ûhvqdv ewY©Z nv`xQwU cvV
Ki‡jb, †hLv‡b ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, I O
* $ H&- k& , $ , & & 6,9- 8& ( %$J*
$ $( $ Ô†Zvgiv Avgvi c‡i AveyeKi I Ig‡ii AbymiY KiÕ (nv‡Kg
nv/4451; mb` Qnxn)| AZtci ej‡jb, Igi (ivt) †evjZv gvi‡Z
Av‡`k K‡i‡QbÕ (KziZzex)| GB RIqv‡ei Øviv KziAvb I mybœvn&i
gva¨‡g DËi cvIqv †Mj| GwU AZ¨š— my›ì RIqve|
mybœvn I Awfavb :
Qvnvev‡q †Kivg fvlvwe` I AjsKvi kv‡¯¿ `¶ nIqv m‡Ë¡I †Kvb
†Kvb Avqv‡Zi A_© D×v‡i e¨_© n‡q ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi kiYvcbœ nÕ‡Zb|
†hgb n¾ di‡hi AvqvZ p $ -w%$`, & $ ^
& ,2$* b & U
& 3) H-$ 4& 8&$ ÔAvi
Avj−vn&i D‡Ï‡k¨ G M„‡ni n¾ Kiv H e¨w³i Dci dih Kiv nÕj, hvi
GLv‡b Avmvi mvg_©¨ i‡q‡QÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 3/97) bvwhj nÕ‡j Qvnvex
AvK¡ivÔ web nv‡em (ivt) wR‡Ám Ki‡jb, †n Avj−vn&i ivm~j! GUv wK
G eQ‡ii Rb¨, bv cÖwZ eQ‡ii Rb¨? Rev‡e ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb,
Contents
42
GKRb gywg‡bi Rxe‡b gvÎ GKevi dihÕ| (2) Zvqv¤§y‡gi AvqvZ
E2T- E &
$ :(3 $%$>- V $ ( n
& 5$ , ->- ÔAZtci hw` cvwb bv cvI, ZvnÕ‡j
†Zvgiv cweÎ gvwU Øviv Zvqv¤§yg KiÕ (gv‡q`vn 5/6) bvwhj nÕ‡j
Qvnvev‡q †Kivg eyS‡Z cv‡ib wb †h, GUv †Kej Ih~i †¶‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
bv dih †Mvm‡ji †¶‡ÎI cÖ‡hvR¨| d‡j mdi Ae¯’vq ÔAv¤§vi web
Bqvwmi I Igi Bebyj LvË¡ve (ivt) Df‡qi dih †Mvm‡ji nvRZ nÕ‡j
cvwb bv †c‡q Igi †Mvmj Ki‡Z bv cvivq QvjvZ Av`vq K‡ib wb|
wKš‘ ÔAv¤§vi ¯^xq BRwZnv‡ì wfwË‡Z gvwU‡Z MovMwo w`‡q Zvqv¤§yg
K‡ib| NUbv Rvb‡Z †c‡i ivm~j (Qvt) Zvqv¤§y‡gi wbqg wkwL‡q
w`‡jb Ges ej‡jb, Zvqv¤§yg nÕj Ih~i weKí Ges Ih~ I †Mvmj Dfq
†¶‡Î GKB wbq‡g cÖ‡hvR¨|43 hw` ivm~j (Qvt) GLv‡b Zvqv¤§y‡gi
e¨vL¨v wba©viY bv K‡i w`‡Zb, ZvnÕ‡j Qvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi g‡a¨ fxlY
gZv‰b‡Kï m„wó nÕZ Ges D³ welqvwì P~ovš— †Kvb dvqQvjv KL‡bvB
m¤¢e nÕZ bv|
KL‡bv Kvjv‡gi A_© m‡¤^vabK…Z e¨w³ Qvov Ab¨ †KD wba©viY Ki‡Z
m¶g nb bv| †hgb Amy¯’ eÜz‡K Kzkj wR‡Ám Ki‡j wZwb hw`
D‡ËwRZ K‡É e‡jb, Ôfvj AvwQÕ Z‡e Zvi A_© nq Ôfvj †bBÕ|
Ggwbfv‡e ˆ`bw›`b Rxe‡b †Kvb †Kvb ev‡Kï A_© I D‡Ïk¨ hw`
m‡¤^vabK…Z e¨w³i mvnvh¨ e¨wZ‡i‡K Avgiv eyS‡Z bv cvwi, ZvnÕ‡j
mybœv‡Zi mvnvh¨ Qvov Avgiv wKfv‡e KziAvb Abyave‡b m¶g ne?
Beby Avex nv‡Zg nhiZ Avãyj−vn Be‡b gvmE‡ì GKwU Dw³ bKj
K‡ib| wZwb e‡jb, Ggb †Kvb e¯‘ †bB hvi D‡j−L KziAv‡b †bB|
wKš‘ Avgv‡ì Abyf~wZ Zv Abyave‡b A¶g| †mKviY Zv e¨vL¨v`v‡bi
Rb¨ Avj−vn Zuvi ivm~j‡K m‡¤^vab K‡i e‡jb,
$ T2$%(& $ '* 9| .
$ , -/& $)*+$ ,-$
, K& ,-/& a- +T ( $ U
& 3)& ÔAvi Avgiv †Zvgvi wbK‡U bvwhj K‡iwQ KziAvb,
42. Avey`vE` nv/1721; Avngv` nv/2304; Beby KvQxi, Zvdmxi m~iv Av‡j Bgivb 97
AvqvZ|
Contents
hv‡Z Zzwg gvbyl‡K wek`fv‡e e¨vL¨v K‡i `vI hv Zv‡ì cÖwZ bvwhj
Kiv n‡q‡QÕ (bvnj 16/44)| Bgvg kv‡dC e‡jb, Qnxn mybœvn KL‡bvB
KziAv‡bi cwicš’x bq| eis Zvi cwic~iK| †Kbbv †Kvb e¨w³B
ivm~‡ji b¨vq KziAvb eyS‡Z m¶g bqÕ| Bgvg Beby Zvqwgqvn (int)-
Gi GKwU e„nr MÖš’ i‡q‡Q hvi bvgB nÕj
& 6,&
$ & a& :, @; ),$ * & ,h
&$ s; @- >-$:(
a& :, @; , $ * (Ôweï× nv`xQ me©`v weï× Áv‡bi AbyK~j nIqvÕ)| hv êiƒZ
Qvcvq (1985) `yB L‡Ê 446+487=933 c„ôvq mgvß| gvKn~j
e‡jb,=?& 7,@; * H-/& s& )3b
$ & s& )3b H-/&
( :$ , - ?; 7,@; * Ômybvœ n&i Rb¨
KziAv‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi PvB‡Z KziAv‡bi Rb¨ mybœvn&i cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
AwaKÕ| BqvnBqv Be‡b KvQxi e‡jb, [ $ ,-$ &#$%O& * H-$ s_ $
& -J s; )3b
=s& )3b H-$
I -@& #
( $%O& * Ômybvœ n KziAv‡bi Dci dvqQvjvKvix, wKš‘
KziAvb mybœvn&i Dci dvqQvjvKvix bqÕ| Bgvg Avngv` (int)-†K G
wel‡q wR‡Ám Kiv nÕ‡j wZwb e‡jb, T)O
& -$ (4-:;J- ?* - -9W$ H-$ ( ( B, - $
=4( )(T2$5($ #
$ $%O& * ( T L- 5( s- )3b ?8 /& :a; :;J- ÔAvwg GUv ej‡Z `ytmvnm Kwi bv|
Z‡e Avwg eje †h, mybœvn wKZve‡K e¨vL¨v K‡i I Zvi gg©‡K ¯úó
K‡iÕ (KziZzex)| Beby Avwãj evi© e‡jb, Gi Øviv Zuv‡ì D‡Ïk¨ nÕj,
mybœvn Avj−vn&i wKZv‡ei Rb¨ e¨vL¨v ¯îƒc|
Bgvg AvIhvC (g„. 157 wn.) †R¨ô Zv‡eC nvmmvb web ÔAvwZ¡qvn (g„.
120 wn.) †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib wZwb e‡j‡Qb, a
& :(`1$ H-$ a; +& ),6$ ( , :$ * ?- -'
=.
$ &Q- ( T L- 5( &%8 s& )3b & m; 6&2,B& ( ( N
(h, 6$$ $ 8`$ $ 4& ,-$ R H8
$ &
Ôivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi Dc‡i (KziAv‡bi) Awn bvwhj nÕZ Ges Zuvi
wbK‡U wReªxj mybœvn wb‡q nvwhi nÕ‡Zb, hv †mwU‡K e¨vL¨v K‡i w`ZÕ
(KziZzex)|
G¶‡Y hviv mybœvn †_‡K gyL wdwi‡q Bev`‡Zi mgq I c×wZ mg~n
†KejgvÎ KziAvb †_‡K †bIqvi †Póv K‡ib, Zviv GK nvm¨Ki
Zvex‡ji Avkªq wb‡eb|
Contents
D`vniY ¯îƒc : & & '

* Q& H-/& ,:$ `, -> s& $ ( n
( * & :, 6$ , & &
-3 & l
$ c& :( -Q/&
ÔRygÔAvi w`b Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨ Avhvb †Ìqv nÕ‡j Avj−vn&i whK‡ii w`‡K
`ª“Z avweZ nIÕ (RygÔAv 62/9)| mybœvn‡K ev` w`‡j G Avqv‡Zi A_©
wba©vi‡Y mgm¨v †`Lv w`‡e| †hgb (1) G wb‡`©k RygÔAvi w`‡bi †Kvb&
Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨? (2) hw` †mUv c„_K QvjvZ nq, Z‡e Zv KLb AbywôZ
n‡e? gybwK‡i nv`xQ cwÊZ ej‡eb, G‡¶‡Î mybœvn&i cÖ‡qvRb †bB|
†Kbbv M$ ,2$* (1Q- $ Ges & m
&N, >- , & :(}%$,$ Avqv‡Zi GB `yB Ask
GK_vi cÖgvY enb K‡i †h, RygÔAvi QvjvZ †hvn‡ii mgq AbywôZ
n‡e| †Kbbv †ePv-†Kbv Ges wiwhK AbymÜvb `yc‡y ii mg‡qB n‡q
_v‡K| A_P GB e¨vL¨v KZB bv `ye©j| †Kbbv `yc‡y ii LiZv‡c g~jZt
wekªv‡gi mgq| Avi †ePv-†Kbv I wiwhK AbymÜvb mKv‡j I mÜ¨vq
n‡q _v‡K| AZGe hw` G‡¶‡Î mybœvn Avgv‡ì‡K wb‡`©kbv bv w`Z,
ZvnÕ‡j Avgiv weåvwš—‡Z c‡o †hZvg|
G Kvi‡YB ivm~j (Qvt) we`vq n‡¾ †NvlYv K‡i †M‡Qb, , O
; &> ^
( '* $ 5$
=4& T2&$ s- )3`( $ & #
$ $%'& $K& & , %(O* 3 $ 5$ $ :N
& 5$ , - & 6,$ , - ÔAvwg †Zvgv‡ì
gv‡S `yÕwU e¯‘ †i‡L hvw”Q| hZw`b †Zvgiv Zv gheyZfv‡e AvuK‡o
_vK‡e, ZZw`b †Zvgiv c_åó n‡e bv| Avj−vn&i wKZve I Zuvi bexi
mybœvnÕ (gyIqvË¡v nv/3338)| Avi GKvi‡YB Qvnvev‡q †Kivg †Kvb
gvmAvjv m¤ú‡K© ivq cÖ`vb Kivi ci ivm~‡ji †Kvb nv`xQ AeMZ
nÕ‡j m‡½ m‡½ wb‡Ri ivq cwiZ¨M Ki‡Zb| G ai‡bi AmsL¨ NUbv
Rvbvi Rb¨ Beby Avwãj evi©-Gi s& )3n
$ *
( $%L* & , LvIjxi s& )3b
( $%L* & ,
myq~Zxi s& )3b &
& $n%&, &* H&> s& )3n
$ *
( $%L* & Ges dzj−vbxi &, ; & $ W&
; @- 6,/&
1&
$ ,<-*$ & ,6& B& K$ ( * & T$ & V& $ %&J* ~&* & 1&
$ ,<-* cÖf„wZ wKZve `ªóe¨|44
44. G e¨vcv‡i Rvbvi Rb¨ Avgv‡ì W±‡iU w_wmm-Gi Ôg~jbxwZÕ Aa¨v‡qi 1g g~jbxwZ
(133-150 c„.) cvV Ki“b|- †jLK|
Contents
AZGe hw` †KejgvÎ KziAvb‡KB kixÔAv‡Zi Drm aiv nq Ges

nv`xQ cÖ`Ë e¨vL¨v‡K D‡c¶v Kiv nq, ZvnÕ‡j Bmjv‡gi c~Y©Zvi †h
†NvlYv, ( O
; - ^
( &1$ $ &%$ , & , O; ,-$ ^
( , $ 5,-$ , O; )$6&c , O; - ^
( * $ '* - $ :, $*
E)6&c $ -`, ~&* ÔAvR Avwg †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ †Zvgv‡ì Øxb‡K cwic~Y© K‡i
w`jvg Ges †Zvgv‡ì Dci Avgvi †bÔgZ‡K m¤ú~Y© Kijvg| Avi
Bmjvg‡K †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ Øxb wnmv‡e g‡bvbxZ KijvgÕ (gv‡q`vn 5/3)
ïbv‡bv n‡q‡Q, Zv g~j¨nxb n‡q hv‡e|
(1) G Kvi‡YB Igi (ivt) ej‡Zb, mË¡i †Zvgv‡ì wbKU Ggb
†jvK‡ì Avwef©ve NU‡e, hviv KziAv‡bi A¯úó AvqvZ mg~‡ni e¨vL¨v
wb‡q †Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ Kj‡n wjß n‡e| †Zvgiv mybvœ n Øviv Zvi gyKvwejv
Ki‡e| †Kbbv Avnjyj nv`xQMY Avj−vn&i wKZve m¤ú‡K© AwaK ÁvZ n‡q
_v‡KbÕ|45
(2) Lv‡iRx‡ì m‡½ Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ Be‡b AveŸvm‡K cvVv‡bvi mgq
nhiZ Avjx (ivt) Zuv‡K Dc‡`k †`b, †hb wZwb nv`xQ w`‡q Zv‡ì
gyKvwejv K‡ib| Beby AveŸvm ej‡jb, Avwg †Zv mybœvn&i Zzjbvq
KziAvb m¤ú‡K© AwaK Ávb ivwL| †Kbbv KziAvb †Zv Avgv‡ì N‡iB
bvwhj n‡q‡Q| Avjx ej‡jb, ÔZzwg wVKB e‡jQ| wKš‘ , Q; a
_ $ B$ ?; 7P , @; *-
I :, B( ( ÔKziAv‡b (msw¶ß nIqvi Kvi‡Y) wewfbœ A_© MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM
_vK‡Z cv‡iÕ| d‡j Zv‡Z dvqQvjv wKQzB n‡e bv| AZGe Zzwg mybœvn
Øviv `jxj †ck Ki‡e| ZvnÕ‡j Zviv euvPvi c_ cv‡e bvÕ| AZtci
Beby AveŸvm (ivt) Lv‡iRx‡ì m‡½ mybvœ n Øviv weZ‡K© AeZxY© nb I
Zviv jv-RIqve n‡q hvq|46
(3) ZvIqvdiZ Ae¯’vq nhiZ Avãyj−vn Beby Igi (ivt) eQivi
weL¨vZ dK¡xn Rv‡ei Be‡b hv‡q`‡K e‡jb, mveavb! KziAvb I Qnxn
45. `v‡igx nv/119, Avãyjv− n web Qv‡jn-Gi Kvi‡Y hCd| wKš‘ evKx mKj mb` Qnxn;
ZvnKxK : dvIqvh Avng` (êiƒZ : `vi“j KzZzwej ÔAvivex, 1g ms¯‹iY
1407wn./1987 L„.)|
46. myqZ
~ x¡ , Av`-`yi“©j gvbQ~i (êiƒZ : `vi“j wdKi, 1993 L„.) 1/40|
Contents
nv`xQ e¨wZ‡i‡K Ab¨ wKQz Øviv drIqv w`‡e bv| hw` Zzwg G bxwZ
jsNb Ki, ZvnÕ‡j wb‡R aŸsm n‡e Ges Ab¨‡KI aŸsm Ki‡eÕ|47
(4) mvC` Beby Ryev‡qi ej‡Zb, †Kvb K_v Avgj e¨wZ‡i‡K Ges
†Kvb K_v ev Avgj wbqZ e¨wZ‡i‡K Keyj nq bv| Ggwbfv‡e †Kvb
K_v, Avgj I wbqZ AZ¶Y ch©š— Keyj nq bv, hZ¶Y bv Zv mybœvn
†gvZv‡eK nqÕ|48
nv`x‡Qi kviC gh©v`v I Zvi D‡Ïk¨ :
G mZ¨ fyj‡j Pj‡e bv †h, kviC †¶‡Î KziAvb I nv`x‡Qi Ihb GK
bq| †Kbbv KziAvb r& :, 2(G Hb & w* J- Ges nv`xQ
T X- e‡j cwiMwYZ| G
Kvi‡Y hw` †Kvb nv`xQ KziAvb gvRx‡ì †Kvb P~ovš— ûKz‡gi cwicš’x
nq, Z‡e Zv MÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv| G¶‡Y mybœvn kixÔAv‡Zi Drm nIqvi
D‡Ïk¨ nÕj-
(1) hw` †Kvb Qnxn mybvœ n Øviv Ggb ûKzg cvIqv hvq †h m¤ú‡K©
KziAvb bxie i‡q‡Q wKsev (2) Zv‡Z D³ ûKz‡gi †Kej GKwU w`K
ewY©Z n‡q‡Q A_ev (3) D³ eY©bvq †Kvb A¯úóZv i‡q‡Q| †m‡¶‡Î
KziAvb I mybœvn&i mgš^‡q GKwU we¯—vwiZ ûKzg †ei Ki‡Z n‡e| wb‡gœi
D`vniY mg~n `ªóe¨|-
D`vniY (1) KziAv‡b †Kej Qvjv‡Zi ûKzg i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Zvi c×wZ
ewY©Z nqwb| mybœvn Zv eY©bv K‡i‡Q| †hgb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, :,
$
H, |
$ ; H, &:, ( %(6,-1$ $'- Ô†Zvgiv QvjvZ Av`vq Ki, †hfv‡e Avgv‡K QvjvZ
Av`vq Ki‡Z †`LQÕ...|49 (2) KziAvb †Kej weevn nvjvj I †hbv
nvivg e‡j‡Q| wKš‘ weev‡ni c×wZ e‡jwb| mybœvn Zv e‡j w`‡q‡Q|
ZvQvov ¯¿xi dzdz I Lvjv‡K weevn Kiv nvivg K‡i w`‡q‡Q| (3)
47. `v‡igx nv/164, mb` nvmvb|

48. myq~Z¡x, wgdZvûj Rvbœvn (g`xbv Bmjvgx wek¦we`¨vjq, 3q ms¯‹iY 1409 wn./1989
L„.) 64 c„.|
49. eyLvix nv/631, 6008, 7246; wgkKvZ nv/683, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq-4, Aby‡”Q`-6|
Contents
KziAv‡b †Kej hvKvZ dih Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ hvKv‡Zi wbQve, Zv

Av`v‡qi mgqKvj Ges wK wK gv‡ji hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e, mewKQz mybvœ n
e‡j w`‡q‡Q| (4) KziAv‡b †Kej m~` nviv‡gi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘
m~` Øviv wK eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q Ges D³ wbwl× Ki‡Yi wfwËB ev wK‡mi
Dci Zv Rvbv hvqwb| nv`xQ G cÖ‡kœi Reve w`‡q‡Q- mgvb Ih‡b
GKB cÖKv‡ii wRwbm bM‡` weµq Kiv hv‡e| AwZwi³ †jb‡`b m~`
n‡eÕ|50 nv`x‡Q m~`-Gi e¨vL¨v cvIqv †Mj| wKš‘ m~` wbwl× Ki‡Yi
D‡Ïk¨ I Ab¨vb¨ welq we¯—vwiZ Rvbv †Mj bv| †mKviY Igi dviƒK
(ivt) e‡jwQ‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) P‡j †M‡jb| wKš‘ m~‡ì inm¨ Avgv‡ì
wbK‡U cy‡ivcywi DÑvwUZ nqwbÕ|51 d‡j gyRZvwn` weØvbMY ¯^ ¯^
BRwZnv‡ì Av‡jv‡K m~` nvivg nIqvi KviY wbw`©ó K‡i‡Qb| G¶‡Y
hw` G nv`xQwU bv cvIqv †hZ, ZvnÕ‡j wK‡mi wfwË‡Z BRwZnv` Kiv
n‡Zv? AZGe m~‡ì wel‡q KziAvb g~j Ges nv`xQ‡K Zvi e¨vL¨v MY¨
K‡iB ûKzg †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|
(5) KziAv‡b GKB mv‡_ `yB †evb‡K weevn wbwl× K‡i‡Q (wbmv 4/23)|
KviY Zv‡Z `yB †ev‡bi ga¨Kvi i‡³i m¤úK© wQbœ nIqv Acwinvh© n‡q
co‡e| hv Avj−vn&i wbK‡U AZ¨š— Acm›`bxq KvR| Avqv‡Zi D‡Ïk¨
Dcjwä K‡i Avj−vn&i ivm~j (Qvt) fvwM‡bqx I Lvjv Ges fvBwS I
dzdz‡K GK‡Î weevn wbwl× Ki‡jb| †Kbbv †m‡¶‡ÎI i³ m¤úK© wQbœ
nIqv Acwinvh© n‡e|
(6) KziAv‡b n¾ dih Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ wbqg ejv nqwb| ZvB ivm~j
(Qvt) ej‡jb, , O
; O- `& $)$ HT)$ ;9C( Ô†n RbMY! †Zvgiv Avgvi wbKU
†_‡K n¾ I Kzievbxi wbqg-Kvb~b wk‡L bvIÕ..|52
Dc‡ii D`vniY¸wj †_‡K ¯úó n‡q‡Q †h, KziAvb I nv`xQ Df‡qi
mgš^‡q gvmAvjv mg~n †ei Ki‡Z n‡e| Ggb bq †h, mybœvn&i c„_K
kviC gh©v`v i‡q‡Q Ges KziAvb †_‡K m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c `„wó mwi‡q †Kej

51. Beby KvQxi, Zvdmxi m~iv evK¡vivn 275 AvqvZ|
52. Avngv` nv/14459, gymwjg nv/1297 (310); wgkKvZ nv/2618|
Contents
mybœvn Øviv ûKzg †ei Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Avey BmnvK kv‡Z¡ex (g„. 790
wn.) ¯^xq ÔgyIqvwdK¡vZÕ MÖ‡š’ mybœvn‡K Avj−vn&i wKZv‡ei mv‡_ mgš^q
mva‡bi wewfbœ cš’vi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i e‡jb, mybœvn‡Z †hme
AvnKvg cvIqv hvq, Zv meB KziAv‡b we`¨gvb| wKš‘ †m m¤ú‡K©
†Kej ZvivB AeMZ nÕ‡Z cv‡ib, hviv KziAvb m¤^‡Ü c~Y© Ávb iv‡Lb
Ges †m m¤ú‡K© M‡elYv K‡ibÕ|53
wìvqvZ ev eyw×jä Áv‡bi g~jbxwZ :
nv`x‡Qi hvPvB I eY©bvbxwZ †hgb KziAvb nÕ‡Z M„nxZ, †Zgwb eyw×jä
Áv‡bi g~jbxwZI KziAvb nÕ‡Z M„nxZ| †hgb nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivt)
m¤ú‡K© wKQz gybvwdK wg_¨v Acev` iUv‡j wKQz gywgb Zv‡Z mw›`nvb
n‡q c‡ob| G mgq Avj−vn wb‡gœv³ AvqvZ bvwhj K‡ib, Q* /& -:, -$
" &y$ ?_ $%K, ( -9W$ .
$ $$h2,`( -9K$ & $ 8O- %$$ ?* - $)- ?; :;O6$ $ , %(* J; ( :(%(, & `$ ÔAvi
hLb †Zvgiv G Acev` ï‡bwQ‡j ZLb †Kb †Zvgiv GK_v e‡jvwb †h,
G wel‡q Avgv‡ì wKQzB ejv DwPr bq| Avj−vn cweÎ| wbðqB GwU
¸i“Zi Acev`Õ (b~i 24/16)| AÎ Avqv‡Z GK_vi cÖwZ Bw½Z Kiv
n‡q‡Q †h, GB wfwËnxb msev` kªe‡Yi ci Gi Av‡jvPbv KivB
†Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ DwPZ nqwb| †Kbbv Zv G‡Kev‡iB Awe‡ewPZ nIqvi
ì“Y eyw×jä Áv‡bi w`K w`‡q m¤ú~Y© wfwËnxb|
KziAvb Abyave‡bi Dcvq mg~n
(1) Aviex fvlvq cvwÊZ¨ AR©b Kiv|
Avj−vn e‡jb, ?- :;@& , 5$ , O
; 8$ - &$ $ E7,J; ( $)*+$ ,- 3/& ÔAvgiv AÎ wKZve
bvwhj K‡iwQ Aviex KziAvb wnmv‡e, hv‡Z †Zvgiv Dcjwä Ki‡Z cviÕ
(BDmyd 12/2)| KziAvb mvaviYfv‡e mK‡ji †evaMg¨ wnmv‡e bvwhj
n‡q‡Q| hv‡Z G †_‡K Dc‡`k MÖnY Kiv mnR nq| †hgb Avj−vn
53. Avey BmnvK kv‡Z¡ex, Avj-gyIqvwdK¡vZ dx DQ~wjk kvixÔAvn (êiƒZ : `vi“j

gvÔwidvn, 6ô ms¯‹iY, 1425 wn./2004 L„.) ÔmybœvnÕ Aa¨vq 4/389-460 c„.|
Contents
e‡jb,=I '
& 3 ( , & m* K$ >- & '* 9| & ?- 7,@; * $, 3 6$ , @- -$ ÔAvgiv KziAvb‡K mnR
K‡i w`‡qwQ, Dc‡`‡ki Rb¨| AZGe AvQ wK †Kvb Dc‡`k
MÖnYKvix?Õ (K¡vgvi 54/17)| wKš‘ Gi A_© GUv bq †h, KziAv‡bi m~²
we‡k−lY I Mfxi Zvrch© mK‡ji Rb¨ mnR †eva¨| GRb¨ Avj−vn
e‡j‡Qb, (19& ),(&$
& 6T &> :(K@8 L- %$$& s_ L- u&- , K( ),& sI J-, >& m| '; , & $ L- $ - :, ->-
?- (19- h
, 6$ , K( 8$ - , K& ,-/& :(B$ 1$ -Q/& , K( $ :, J- ÔAZGe Zv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K `‡ji
GKwU Ask †Kb †ei nq bv, hv‡Z Zviv Øx‡bi Ávb AR©b K‡i Ges
wd‡i G‡m wbR KIg‡K (Avj−vn&i bvdigvbx nÕ‡Z) fq cÖ`k©b K‡i,
hv‡Z Zviv mveavb nqÕ (ZIev 9/122)| GRb¨ GK`j gywgb‡K Aek¨B
KziAv‡b cvwÊZ¨ AR©b Ki‡Z nq| hv‡Z gvbyl KziAvb †_‡KB hyM-
wRÁvmvi RIqve †c‡Z cv‡i| KziAvb m¤ú‡K© Mfxi Ávb QvovB
ZiRgv I Zvdmx‡i `ytmvnm Kiv wVK bq| †Kbbv Avj−vn e‡jb, - $
4( ),$ ?- -' .
$ \&-; m '; c$ $fL; *$ $
$ 2$*$ M$ , 3 ?8 /& " * & 4& & .
$ - [
$ ,- $ {
( @* 5$
=D :;\, $ Ô†h wel‡q †Zvgvi †Kvb Ávb †bB Zvi wc‡Q c‡ov bv| wbðqB
Kvb, †PvL I ü`q cÖ‡Z¨KwUi wel‡q †Zvgiv (wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b)
wRÁvwmZ n‡eÕ (Bmiv 17/36)|
(2) Qvnvev‡q †Kivg I mvjv‡d Qv‡jnx‡bi eyS Abyhvqx Abyaveb Kiv|
cÖ_g kZvãx wnRix‡Z ivR‰bwZK Kvi‡Y wewfbœ wdrbvi D™¢e NU‡j
Ges bIgymwjg‡ì AvwaK¨ NU‡j AvK¡x`vMZ wel‡q gZ‡f` †`Lv
†`q| †m mgq GK`j †jvK ZvK¡`xi wb‡q KziAvb-nv`x‡Qi Ace¨vL¨v
ïi“ K‡i| G mgq R‰bK e¨w³ Ljxdv Igi web Avãyj Avhxh (99-
101 wn.)-Gi wbKU welqwUi mgvavb Rvb‡Z Pvb| ZLb wZwb e‡jb,
†Zvgv‡ì †ckK…Z AvqvZ mg~n QvnvexMYI c‡o‡Qb| Zuviv Gi e¨vL¨v
Rvb‡Zb, hv †Zvgiv Rv‡bv bv| Avi Gi mwVK e¨vL¨v ey‡SB Zuviv
ZvK¡`x‡i wek¦vmx wQ‡jb| gvbyl wb‡RB wb‡Ri fvj-g‡›ì gvwjK bq,
Contents
GUv †R‡bI Zuviv mrKg© Ki‡Zb Ges Ab¨vq KvR †_‡K fxZ
nÕ‡Zb|54
(3) Avj−vnfxi“ I nv`xQcš’x D¯—v‡ì wbKU KziAvb wk¶v Kiv|
ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) wb‡R wk¶Kiƒ‡c †cÖwiZ n‡qwQ‡jb Ges wZwb KziAvb
I mybœvn&i gva¨‡g gvbyl‡K cwiï× K‡ib (Av‡j Bgivb 3/164)| Beby
AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) Avgv‡ì‡K Zvkvnû` wk¶v w`‡Zb,
†hfv‡e wZwb Avgv‡ì‡K KziAv‡bi G‡KKwU m~iv wkLv‡ZbÕ (gymwjg
nv/403)| GKevi wZwb PviRb Qvnvexi bvg K‡i ej‡jb, †Zvgiv
Avãyj−vn web gvmE`, mv‡jg, gyÔAvh web Rvevj I DevB web KvÔe-Gi
wbKU †_‡K KziAvb MÖnY KiÕ (eyLvix nv/4999)| mv‡jg wQ‡jb Qvnvex
Avey ûhvqdvi †Mvjvg (H, dvrûj evix)| g°v I g`xbvi gaëZ©x eby
myjv‡qg †Mv‡Îi †iÔj I hvKIqvb kvLvi Avgš¿‡Y Zv‡ì‡K KziAvb I
mybœvn wkLv‡bvi Rb¨ ivm~j (Qvt) AvbQvi‡ì ga¨ nÕ‡Z 70 Rb †kªô
K¡vix Qvnvex‡K †cÖiY K‡ib| hv‡ì‡K Zviv wek¦vmNvZKZvi gva¨‡g
nZ¨v K‡i (gymwjg nv/677 (147)| hv weÕ‡i gvÔEbvi gg©vwš—K NUbv
wnmv‡e cÖwm×| hv‡ì wei“‡× ivm~j (Qvt) dRi Qvjv‡Z gvme¨vcx
Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjvn cvV K‡ib (eyLvix nv/4088)|
Qvnvex AveyÏvi`v (ivt) e‡jb, Zzwg KL‡bvB Av‡jg nÕ‡Z cvi‡e bv,
hZ¶Y bv Zzwg QvÎ n‡e| Avi Zzwg KL‡bvB Av‡jg nÕ‡Z cvi‡e bv,
hZ¶Y bv Zzwg Bjg Abyhvqx Avgj Ki‡eÕ (`v‡igx nv/293, mb` nvmvb)|
†R¨ô Zv‡eC gynv¤§v` Beby mxixb (33-110 wn.) e‡jb, $ * & * -9W$ ?8 /&
, O; )$6&c ?- ;9C( <* 5$ , 3 $ (y; ,-> " 6&c ÔwbðqB KziAvb-nv`x‡Qi Bjg nÕj
Øxb| AZGe †Zvgiv †`L, Kvi wbKU †_‡K Øxb MÖnY KiQÕ (gyK¡vÏvgv
gymwjg)|
(4) `ywbqv`vi Av‡jg I gydvmwmi nÕ‡Z weiZ _vKv|
gyÔAvh web Rvevj (ivt) e‡jb, †Zvgv‡ì c‡i Ggb GKUv mgq
Avm‡Q, hLb gvby‡li m¤ú` †e‡o hv‡e| mK‡ji mvg‡b KziAvb †Lvjv
54. Avey`vE` nv/4612, ms‡¶cvwqZ; Qnxn gvK¡Z~Ô|

Contents
_vK‡e| gywgb-gybvwdK, cyi“l-bvix, †QvU-eo, †Mvjvg-gwbe mevB

KziAvb co‡e| AvksKv nq, †m mgq †KD e‡j DV‡e, wK e¨vcvi!
Avwg KziAvb cwo, A_P †KD †Zv Avgv‡K AbymiY K‡i bv| ZLb †m
ej‡e, †jv‡Kiv Avgvi AbymiY Ki‡e bv, hZ¶Y bv Avwg Zv‡ì Rb¨
bZzb wKQz D™¢veb Kie| AZGe †Zvgiv H e¨w³ †_‡K Ges Zvi
D™¢vweZ welq †_‡K `~‡i _vK| Avi Avwg †Zvgv‡ì‡K Ávbx e¨w³i
c`öjb †_‡K mveavb KiwQ| †Kbbv kqZvb KL‡bv Ávbx e¨w³i
hevb w`‡q åvš— K_v ewj‡q †bq| Avevi KL‡bv gybvwdK e¨w³ mwVK
K_v e‡j| ivex e‡jb, Avwg ejjvg, †n gyÔAvh! Avj−vn Avcbvi Dci
ing Ki“b! Avgiv †mUv wKfv‡e eySe? wZwb ej‡jb, †Zvgiv Ávbx
e¨w³i A¯úó e³e¨ mg~n nÕ‡Z `~‡i _vK| Z‡e Ávbx e¨w³i mvgvb¨
c`öjb †hb †Zvgv‡K Zvi †_‡K G‡Kev‡i `~‡i mwi‡q bv †`q| nÕ‡Z
cv‡i wZwb wd‡i Avm‡eb I nK Rvb‡Z cvi‡j wZwb Zv MÖnY Ki‡eb|
†Kbbv nK-Gi GKwU we‡kl †R¨vwZ i‡q‡QÕ|55
(5) k‡ãi m~² ZË¡ Abyhvqx gg©v_© †ck Kiv|
KziAvb Kziv‡qk‡ì fvlvq bvwhj n‡q‡Q| hv Ab¨vb¨ Aviex Dcfvlv
mg~n †_‡K A‡bK ¯’v‡b c„_K fve cÖKvk K‡i| AZGe GKB Aviexi
`yÕwU A_© nÕ‡j †mLv‡b Kzivqkx cvV AMÖvwaKvi cv‡e| Abyiƒcfv‡e
kã¸wji iƒcK A_© eënv‡ii Av‡M Zvi cÖKZ … A_© Rvbv Avek¨K|
hvi gva¨‡g A‡bK êÁvwbK ZË¡ Z_¨vejx †ewi‡q Avm‡Z cv‡i| hv
~ Kj¨vY mvab K‡i| †hgb (K) Avj−vn e‡jb, $ $ @- *$
ev›`vi cÖfZ
=& & @- * ?& :(B, ( *-' c$ $ H3%$ a- d& $)$ ( $1, 3 J- ÔAvi P›`ª| Zvi Rb¨ Avgiv
gbwhj mg~n wba©viY K‡iwQ| Ae‡k‡l Zv cyivZb †LRyi Kuvwì WvUvi
iƒc aviY K‡iÕ (Bqvmxb 36/39)| KviY hLb GB WvUv cyivZb nq,
ZLb Zv mi“, euvKv I d¨vKv‡m nq| Gi gva¨‡g Puv‡ì ïi“, c~Y© I
†kl wZbwU Ae¯’v eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q| hvi g‡a¨ c„w_exi AvwýK MwZ Ges
P‡›`ªi Ae¯’vb mg~‡ni ¸i“Z¡c~Y© êÁvwbK Z_¨vejx wbwnZ i‡q‡Q| Gi
55. Avey`vE` nv/4611, Qnxn gvIK~d|

Contents
56
A_© hw` ÔcyivZb †LRyi kvLvi AvKvi aviY K‡iÕ| ejv nq, Z‡e
†mUv fyj n‡e| †Kbbv Zvi Wvj-cvjv _vK‡Z n‡e| A_P P‡›`ªi Wvj-
cvjv _v‡K bv| eo K_v P‡›`ªi wZbwU êÁvwbK Z_¨ †_‡K gvbyl ewÂZ
n‡e|
(L) GKBfv‡e KziAv‡b †h mg¯— Avqv‡Z Bn~`x-bvQviv‡ì wel‡q
Av‡jvPbv G‡m‡Q, †mLv‡b gg© D×v‡ii Rb¨ Zv‡ì AvK¡x`v-wek¦vm
m¤ú‡K© ¯úó aviYv _vKv Avek¨K| †hgb Avj−vn e‡jb, R 9- i
$ 53 :;-J$
E -$ ÔAvi Zviv e‡j Avj−vn mš—vb MÖnY K‡i‡QbÕ (evK¡vivn 2/116)|
Ab¨Î G‡m‡Q, & ( , ( & $ * k1$ $)3 ^& --J$ ÔGes bvQviviv e‡j
gmxn Cmv Avj−vn&i cyÎÕ (ZIev 9/30)| Ab¨ ¯’v‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, P ?8 /&
$ 6$, $ ( , ( & $ * :$ W( Ôhviv e‡j †h, gmxn Cmv nÕj Avj−vnÕ (gv‡q`vn
5/72)| Av‡iK ¯’v‡b G‡m‡Q, sI Z- - Z- g
; &-Z P ?8 /& :;-J Ôhviv e‡j Avj−vn
wZb Dcv‡mï GKRbÕ (gv‡q`vn 5/73)|
Dc‡iv³ PviwU Avqv‡Zi gg© GK bq| eis Gi g‡a¨ wLªóvb‡ì PviwU
Dc`‡ji PviwU åvš— AvK¡x`vi cÖwZ Bw½Z i‡q‡Q| cÖ_g `‡ji wek¦vm
wQj, Cmv Avj−vn&i cyÎ| wØZxq `‡ji wek¦vm wQj, Cmv mivmwi Avj−vn&i
cyÎ bb| Z‡e wZwb Zv‡K cyÎ wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb| GB MÖ“cwU
ÔGWckwb÷Õ (Adoptionist) e‡j cwiwPZ| Z…Zxq `‡ji wek¦vm wQj,
Cmv wb‡RB Avj−vn| Avi PZz_© `‡ji wek¦vm nÕj, Cmv wZb Dcv‡mï
GKRb| A_©vr Avj−vn, gvwiqvg I cvK iƒn gmxn Cmv| G‡ì‡K
wÎZ¡ev`x ejv nq| eZ©gvb wLªóvb‡ì AwaKvsk G‡ZB wek¦vmx| Avj−vn
e‡jb, I ,y
& $ I :, 6$ & K$ ]
, $ , & (L- '- $ 6,9& 8& m_ 6,:$ >- , K& )&,$ , & #
( $+, <-* {
$ -%$C, ->
ÔAZtci `j¸wj wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ gZ‡f` Kij| AZGe Awek¦vmx‡ì
Rb¨ `y‡f©vM †mB fqsKi wèm (wK¡qvgZ) AvMg‡bi w`bÕ (gvwiqvg
19/37)|
56. W. gyRxeyi ingvb, gywnDÏxb Lvb I B.dv.ev.|

Contents
D‡j−L¨ †h, wLªóvb‡ì PviwU `‡ji bvg nÕj, K¨v_wjK, A‡_©vW·,

†cÖv‡U÷¨v›U I †i‡÷v‡ikwbó| GQvovI i‡q‡Q ÔGWckwb÷Õ mn ¶z`ª
¶z`ª wKQz `j| eZ©gvb †cvc d«vwÝm K¨v_wjK m¤cÖ`v‡qi †bZv| hviv
wÎZ¡ev‡` wek¦vmx|
(M) m~iv evK¡vivn 19 Avqv‡Z V& $3
$ &
I T
$ '- , - A_© Kiv n‡q
_v‡K ÔAvKvk nÕ‡Z cvwb el©‡Yi b¨vqÕ (W. gyRxeyi ingvb)| Ô`y‡h©vM
c~Y© S‡ov iv‡ZÕ (gywnDÏxb Lvb)| ÔAvKv‡ki el©Y gyLi Õ (Bdvev)|
A_P mwVK Abyev` nIqv DwPZ, ÔAvKvk Ry‡o gylj av‡i e„wói b¨vqÕ|
†Kbbv " T
$ GLv‡b s}2 ev AvwaK¨ A‡_© Ges VR $3 -Gi Avwjd
jvg S}%`/ ev e¨vcKZv eySv‡bvi Rb¨ G‡m‡Q| hvi ev¯—eZv eySv‡bv
n‡q‡Q c‡ii kã¸wj‡Z S
" , $$ " , 1$ $ r
" $;X; 4& &> Ôhv‡Z i‡q‡Q
NbvÜKvi, eRª I we`y¨‡Zi PgKÕ|
GKBfv‡e m~iv ZIev 72 Avqv‡Z ( $2'
* - & $ & ?_ $:
, 1& $ A_© Kiv n‡q
_v‡K ÔAvi Avj−vn&i mš‘wó n‡”Q me‡P‡q eo (wbqvgZ)Õ - W. gyRxeyi
ingvb| Ôe¯‘Zt G mgy`‡qi gv‡S me‡P‡q eo nÕj Avj−vn&i mš‘wóÕ
(gywnDÏxb Lvb)| ÔAvj−vn&i mš‘wóB me©‡kªôÕ (Bdvev)| A_P GLv‡b
mwVK Abyev` nIqv DwPr ÔAvj−vn&i c¶ nÕ‡Z mvgvb¨ mš‘wóB me‡P‡q
eoÕ| †Kbbv ?_ $:
, 1& kãwU‡Z 6:)5 (Zvbfxb) G‡m‡Q m@5 ev ¯^íZv
eySv‡bvi Rb¨|
(N) Ab¨Î ejv n‡q‡Q, $,b & $h
$ * $ & EW& -X ?- :(-, 6$ ÔZviv †Zv cvw_©e
Rxe‡bi evwn¨K w`‡Ki wKQz wKQz welq AeMZÕ (iƒg 30/7)| wKš‘ Gi
Abyev` hw` Kiv nq, ÔZviv cvw_©e Rxe‡bi evwn¨K w`K m¤^‡Ü AeMZÕ57
ZvnÕ‡j fyj n‡e| KviY EW& -X kãwUi Zvbfxb G‡m‡Q m@5 ev ¯^íZv
57. W. gyRxeyi ingvb, gywnDÏxb Lvb, B.dv.ev. |

Contents
eySv‡bvi Rb¨| Avi wbtm‡›`‡n gvbyl Zvi evwn¨K Rxe‡bi Aí wKQzB
gvÎ Rv‡b| Zviv eû wKQzi Lei iv‡L bv|
†hgb Av‡gwiKvi b¨vkbvj GKv‡Wgx Ae mv‡q‡Ýi Pg‡K †Ìqvi gZ
mv¤cÖwZK GK M‡elYv cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv n‡q‡Q, c„w_exi 99.99 kZvsk
cÖRvwZ GL‡bv Abvwe®‹…Z! c„w_ex‡Z AviI GK nvhvi †KvwU cÖRvwZi
cÖvYx i‡q‡Q, hvi K_v weÁvbxiv GL‡bv ch©š— Rv‡bb bv| G ch©š— hZ
RxevYy Avwe®‹…Z n‡q‡Q, Zvi GK jvL ¸Y †ekx RxevYy GL‡bv
Abvwe®‹…Z i‡q †M‡Q| AviI 100 wgwjqb (10 †KvwU) RxevYy wb‡q
M‡elYv Ki‡Z n‡e|58 ZvB gnvwe‡k¦i wekvjZ¡ wb‡q Kíbv Kiv
gvby‡li c‡¶ m¤¢e bq| †mKviY Qvjv‡Zi ïi“‡ZB m~iv dvwZnvi g‡a¨
Avj−vn&i cÖksmv K‡i ej‡Z nq, j
$ & -$* #
T 1$ 4& 8& ( , h
$ * ÔhveZxq cÖksmv
Avj−vn&i Rb¨, whwb RMr mg~‡ni cÖwZcvjKÕ| A_©vr c„w_ex QvovI †h
KZ RMr i‡q‡Q, Zvi wnmve †Kej Avj−vnB Rv‡bb| ZvB Avgv‡ì
K…ZÁZv c~Y© mKj cÖksmv †Kej ZuviB Rb¨| whwb Lv`¨ w`‡q, cvwb
w`‡q I evqy w`‡q G c„w_ex‡K Avgv‡ì Rb¨ emevm †hvM¨ K‡i‡Qb|
AZGe gvbyl Zvi evwn¨K Rxe‡bi AZxe mvgvb¨ wKQz Rv‡b| mewKQz
Rvbvi cÖkœB I‡V bv| myZivs KziAvb Abyave‡bi mgq ev Zvdmxi
Kivi mgq Dc‡iv³ welq¸wj Aek¨B g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e| Avj−vn
Avgv‡ì ZvIdxK w`b- Avgxb!!
****
#:5 0L}%` ^ / 4/ ? KY 0 K .h2`
=# :@6 :6 j)f k : LA K ./
58. AvZ-ZvnixK, 19/9 msL¨v, RybÕ16|

Contents
KziAvbcÖAby
56 Ônv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`kÕ KavwkZ
veb eB I cÖPvicÎ mg~n 56
†jLK : gynv¤§v` Avmv`yjv− n Avj-Mvwje 1. Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb wK I †Kb? 5g
ms¯‹iY (20/=) 2. H, Bs‡iRx (40/=) 3. Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb: DrcwË I µgweKvk;
`w¶Y Gwkqvi †cÖw¶Zmn (W±‡iU w_wmm) 200/= 4. QvjvZzi ivm~j (Qvt), 4_© ms¯‹iY
(100/=) 5. H, Bs‡iRx (200/=) 6. bex‡ì Kvwnbx-1, 2q ms¯‹iY (120/=) 7.
bex‡ì Kvwnbx-2 (100/=) 8. bex‡ì Kvwnbx-3 [mxivZzi ivm~j (Qvt) 3q gy`ªY] 450/=
9. Zvdmxi“j KziAvb 30Zg cviv, 3q gy`ªY (300/=) 10. wdiK¡v bvwRqvn, 2q ms¯‹iY
(25/=) 11. BK¡vg‡Z Øxb : c_ I c×wZ, 2q ms¯‹iY (20/=) 12. mgvR wec−‡ei aviv,
3q ms¯‹iY (12/=) 13. wZbwU gZev`, 2q ms¯‹iY (25/=) 14. wRnv` I wK¡Zvj, 2q
ms¯‹iY (35/=) 15. nv`x‡Qi cÖvgvwYKZv, 2q ms¯‹iY (30/=) 16. ag©wbi‡c¶Zvev`,
2q ms¯‹iY (25/=) 17. Rxeb `k©b, 2q ms¯‹iY (25/=) 18. w`M`k©b-1 (80/=) 19.
w`M`k©b-2 (100/=) 20. `vIqvZ I wRnv`, 3q ms¯‹iY (15/=) 21. Aviex K¡v‡q`v
(1g fvM) (25/=) 22. AvK¡x`v Bmjvwgqvn (10/=) 23. gxjv` cÖm½, 5g ms¯‹iY
(10/=) 24. k‡eeivZ, 4_© ms¯‹iY (15/=) 25. Avk~iv‡q gynviig I Avgv‡ì KiYxq
(10/=) 26. D`vË AvnŸvb (10/=) 27. ˆbwZK wfwË I cÖ¯v— ebv, 2q ms¯‹iY (10/=)
28. gvmv‡q‡j Kzievbx I AvK¡xK¡v, 5g ms¯‹iY (20/=) 29. ZvjvK I Zvnjxj, 3q
ms¯‹iY (25/=) 30. n¾ I Igivn (30/=) 31. Bbmv‡b Kv‡gj, 2q ms¯‹iY (20/=)
32. Qwe I g~wZ©, 2q ms¯‹iY (30/=) 33. wnsmv I AnsKvi (30/=) 34. we`ÔAvZ nÕ‡Z
mveavb, Aby: (Aviex) -kvqL web evh (20/=) 35. bqwU cÖ‡kœi DËi, Aby: (Aviex) -
kvqL Avjevbx (15/=) 36. mvjvdx `vIqv‡Zi g~jbxwZ Aby: (Aviex) -Avãyi ingvb
Avãyj Lv‡jK (35/=)| 37. R½xev` cÖwZ‡iv‡a wKQz civgk© Ges Pigcš’x‡ì wek¦vmMZ
weåvwš—i Reve (15/=) 38. ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb evsjv‡`kÕ wK Pvq, †Kb Pvq I
wKfv‡e Pvq? (15/=) 39. gvj I gh©v`vi †jvf (15/=) 40. gvbweK g~j¨‡eva (25/=)|
41. KziAvb Abyaveb (25/=) 42. Aviex K¡v‡q`v (2q fvM) (40/=) 43. ZvRex` wk¶v
(35/=) 44. evqÔG gyAv¾vj (20/=)
†jLK : gvIjvbv Avngv` Avjx 1. AvK¡x`v‡q †gvnv¤§v`x ev gvhnv‡e Avn‡jnv`xQ, 5g
cÖKvk (10/=) 2. †KviAvb I K‡jgvLvbx mgm¨v mgvavb, 2q cÖKvk (30/=)|
†jLK : †kL AvLZvi †nv‡mb 1. mvwnwZ¨K gvIjvbv Avngv` Avjx, 2q ms¯‹iY (18/=)|
†jLK : kvn gynv¤§v` nvexeyi ingvb 1. m~` (25/=) 2. H, Bs‡iRx (50/=)|
†jLK : Avãyjv− ‡nj Kvdx Avj-†Kvivqkx 1. GKwU c‡Îi RIqve, 3q cÖKvk (12/=)|
†jLK : gynv¤§v` b~i“j Bmjvg 1. Qnxn wKZvey` †`vÔAv, 3q ms¯‹iY (35/=) 2. mv‡o 16
gv‡mi Kviv¯§„wZ (40/=)|
†jLK : W. gynv¤§v` Kvexi“j Bmjvg 1. âh© : ¸i“Z¡ I Zvrch© (30/=) 2. ga¨cš’v : ¸i“Z¡
I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv (30/=) 3. a‡g© evovevwo, Aby: (D`~©) -Avãyj Mvddvi nvmvb (18/=) 4.
Bmjvgx cwievi MV‡bi Dcvq (40/=) 5. gywgb wKfv‡e w`b-ivZ AwZevwnZ Ki‡e (35/=)|
†jLK : kvgmyj Avjg 1. wkïi evsjv wk¶v (30/=)|
Abyev`K : Avãyj gv‡jK 1. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b weR‡qi ¯îƒc, Aby: (Aviex) -W. bv‡Qi
web †mvjvqgvb (30/=) 2. †h mKj nvivg †_‡K †eu‡P _vKv DwPZ, Aby: (Aviex) -gynv¤§v`
Qv‡jn Avj-gybvw¾` (35/=) 3. †bZ…‡Z¡i †gvn, Aby: -H (25/=) 4. gybvwdKx, Aby: - H
(25/=) 5. cÖe„wËi AbymiY, Aby: - H (20/=) 6. Avj−vn&i Dci fimv, Aby: - H (25/=)
7. fyj ms‡kva‡b beex c×wZ, Aby: - H (25/=) 8. BLjvQ, Aby: -H (25/=)|
†jLK : b~i“j Bmjvg 1. Bnmvb Bjvnx hnxi (30/=) 2. kviC BgviZ, Aby: (D`~©) 20/=|
†jLK : idxK Avngv` 1. Amxg mËvi AvnŸvb (80/=) 2. Avj−vn ¶gvkxj (30/=)|
†jwLKv : kixdv LvZzb 1. el©eiY (15/=)|
Abyev`K : Avngv`yjv− n 1. Avn‡jnv`xQ GKwU êwkó¨MZ bvg, Aby: (D`~©) -hyev‡qi Avjx hvC
(50/=)| 2. hyeK‡ì wKQz mgm¨v, Aby: (Aviex) -gynv¤§v` web Qv‡jn Avj-DQvqgxb
(20/=)| 3. Bmjv‡g ZvK¡jx‡ì weavb Aby: (D`~©) -hyev‡qi Avjx hvC (30/=)|
Abyev`K : gynv¤§v` Avãyi inxg 1. we`ÔAvZ I Zvi AwbóKvwiZv, Aby: (Aviex) - gynv¤§v`
web Qv‡jn Avj-DQvqgxb (20/=) 2. RvgvÔAvZe× Rxeb hvc‡bi Acwinvh©Zv, Aby: W.
nv‡dh web gynv¤§v` Avj-nvKvgx (30/=)| Avj-†niv wkíx‡Mvôx 1. RvMiYx (25/=)|
M‡elYv wefvM nv.dv.ev. 1. nv`x‡Qi Mí (25/=) 2. M‡íi gva¨‡g Ávb (50/=) 3. Rxe‡bi
mdim~Px (†ÌqvjcÎ) 15/= 4. Qvjv‡Zi ci cwVZe¨ †`vÔAv mg~n (†ÌqvjcÎ) 50/=|
5. drIqv msKjb, gvwmK AvZ-ZvnixK (19Zg el©) 80/= 6. H, 18Zg el© 80/=

Quran Onudhabon by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Quran Onudhabon by Prof. Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al-Ghalib

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Contents

gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje

nv`xQ dvD‡Êkb evsjv‡`k

@Quran Onudhabon by Dr. Muhammad Asadullah Al-

AjsKvi kv‡¯¿i wewfbœ †kªYx I ¯—i 22

cÖKvk‡Ki wb‡e`b (./ "?)

1. evsjvq wjwLZ D³ eBwU †jL‡Ki wbKU i‡q‡Q|

eySvi Rb¨ I †m Abyhvqx Avgj Kivi Rb¨| AZGe †Zvgiv Zvi

4. Bebyj K¡vBwqg, gv`vwiRym mvwjKxb (ˆeiƒZ : ZvnKxK mn `vi“j wKZvwej ÔAvivex, 3q

11. dvrûj evix nv/5048-Gi c~‡e© ÔZviRxÔ Aby‡”Q`-Gi Av‡jvPbv|

(Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib, 4& &:(`$ &$ 4& &$%O

13. gymwjg nv/55; wgkKvZ nv/4966|

15. Beby Rvixi, Zvdmxi Z¡vevix m~iv Bmiv 82 AvqvZ|

gvwj‡Ki Kvjvg| hw` GwU cvnv‡oi Dci bvwhj nÕZ, ZvnÕ‡j Zv

16. hv`yj gvÔAv` 4/323|

19. Bebyj K¡vBwqg, Avj-dvIqv‡q` (ˆeiƒZ : `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgqvn, 2q ms¯‹iY

22. gv‡q`vn 5/118; bvmvC nv/1010|

29. gyKv¡ Ïvgv Zvdmxi KziZzex 75-76 c„.|

KziAv‡bi gbMov e¨vL¨v `v‡bi wei“‡× mveavbevYx :

33. wgiÔAvZ nv/236-Gi Av‡jvPbv; gyK¡vÏvgv Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi 1/35-36|

KziAvb Abyave‡bi kZ©vejx :

mgvavb KziAv‡bi Ab¨ Avqv‡ZB cvIqv hvq| †hgb Zvjv‡Ki †¶‡Î

(L) whKi-Gi A_© Avj−vn e‡jb, 

AZGe KziAvb gRx‡` †hLv‡b ÔwhKiÕ kãwU †Kvb we‡kl Kvj ev

38. eyLvix nv/6016; wgkKvZ nv/4962|

D‡Ïk¨ nq †h, `yÕwU Avqv‡Zi ûKz‡gi †cÖw¶Z I Ae¯’v wQj wfbœ|

e¨vL¨vB n‡e P~ovš—| †hgb ejv n‡q‡Q, -Q/& sI $)& f, ( 

AÎ Avqv‡Z Avj−vn I Z`xq ivm~‡ji Rb¨ c„_Kfv‡e `yÕwU :(&- kã

(M) :(K%$,-> 4( ),$ , '

D`vniY ¯^iƒc : &  & '

AZGe hw` †KejgvÎ KziAvb‡KB kixÔAv‡Zi Drm aiv nq Ges

47. `v‡igx nv/164, mb` nvmvb|

KziAv‡b †Kej hvKvZ dih Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ hvKv‡Zi wbQve, Zv

50. gymwjg nv/1587; wgkKvZ nv/2808|

53. Avey BmnvK kv‡Z¡ex, Avj-gyIqvwdK¡vZ dx DQ~wjk kvixÔAvn (ˆeiƒZ : `vi“j

54. Avey`vE` nv/4612, ms‡¶cvwqZ; Qnxn gvK¡Z~Ô|

_vK‡e| gywgb-gybvwdK, cyi“l-bvix, †QvU-eo, †Mvjvg-gwbe mevB

55. Avey`vE` nv/4611, Qnxn gvIK~d|

56. W. gyRxeyi ingvb, gywnDÏxb Lvb I B.dv.ev.|

D‡j−L¨ †h, wLªóvb‡`i PviwU `‡ji bvg nÕj, K¨v_wjK, A‡_©vW·,

57. W. gyRxeyi ingvb, gywnDÏxb Lvb, B.dv.ev. |

58. AvZ-ZvnixK, 19/9 msL¨v, RybÕ16|

You might also like

cÖKvk‡Ki wb‡e`b (./ "?)

(Qvt) Gikv` K‡ib, 4& &:(`$ &$ 4& &$%O

(L) whKi-Gi A_© Avj−vn e‡jb,

e¨vL¨vB n‡e P~ovš—| †hgb ejv n‡q‡Q, -Q/& sI $)& f, (

AÎ Avqv‡Z Avj−vn I Z`xq ivm~‡ji Rb¨ c„_Kfv‡e `yÕwU :(&- kã

(M) :(K%$,-> 4( ),$ , '

D`vniY ¯^iƒc : & & '