NAME: CHIRANJIT DAS

ROLL NO: 11900123170

PAPER NAME: Analog and Digital
Electronics
PAPER CODE: ESC 301
Topic:- Logic Gates
 What is Logic Gate?
Logic gates are fundamental building blocks of digital
circuits. They are electronic devices that perform logical
operations on one or more binary inputs (0s and 1s) to
produce a binary output. These gates implement Boolean
algebra, a mathematical system dealing with binary
variables and logic operations.
 Types of Logic Gates:-
• NOT GATE
• AND GATE
• OR GATE
• NAND GATE
• NOR GATE
• EX-OR GATE
• EX-NOR GATE
 NOT Gate:-
A NOT Gate accepts one input value and produce one output value.

By definition, If the input value for a NOT gate is 0, the output value is 1, output is 0.

A NOT gate is sometimes referred to as an inverter because it inverts the input value.

Boolean Expression Logic Diagram

X = A’

Truth Table
A Y
0 1
1 0
 AND Gate:-
An AND gate accepts two inputs signals

If the input values for an AND gate are both 1, the output is 1;
otherwise, the output is 0.

Boolean Expression Logic Diagram Truth Table

A B X
X=A.B
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
 OR Gate:-
If the two input values are both 0, the output value is 0;
the output is 1
Boolean Expression Logic Diagram Truth Table
A B X
X=A+B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
 NAND Gate:-
A NAND gate, the Boolean expression is derived from the logic of
the gate. Let’s say the inputs to the NAND gate are represented by
variables A and B, and the output is represented by X.

Boolean Expression Logic Diagram Truth Table

A B X
X = (A . B)’
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
 NOR Gate:-
A NOR gate, the Boolean expression is derived from the logic of the
gate. Let's say the inputs to the NOR gate are represented by variables
A and B, and the output is represented by X.
Boolean Expression Logic Diagram Truth Table
A B X
X = (A + B)’
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0
EX – OR Gate :-
An EX - OR (Exclusive OR) gate, the Boolean expression is
derived from the logic of the gate. Let's say the inputs to the EX -
OR gate are represented by variables A and B, and the output is
represented by X

Boolean Expression Logic Diagram Truth Table

A B X
X=A⊕B
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
EX – NOR Gate:-
The EX – NOR gate is also known as the equivalence gate, and its
Boolean expression is derived from its logic. Let's denote the inputs as
A and B, and the output as X
Boolean Expression Logic Diagram Truth Table
X=A⊕B A B X

0 0 1

0 1 0

1 0 0

1 1 1
Combinational Circuits:-
The digital logic circuits whose outputs can be determined using the
logic function of current state input are combinational logic circuits.

As soon as inputs are changed, the information

about the previous inputs is lost, that is,
combinational logic circuits have no memory.

Some example of combinational circuits are:-

• Adder
• Subtractor
• Decoder
• Encoder
• Multiplexer
• Demultiplexer