1.

5 Codes, standards and Regulations

When designing and manufacturing a hydraulic scissor jack, it is crucial to adhere to relevant
codes, standards, and regulations to ensure safety, reliability, and compliance with legal
requirements. Below are some key codes, standards, and regulations that may apply to the
hydraulic scissor jack based on the outlined specifications and location where it applies:

1. Safety Standards
● ISO 12100:2010 - Safety of machinery: General principles for design - Risk
assessment and risk reduction. This Ensures the jack is designed with safety in mind,
minimising risks to users.
● EN 1494:2000+A1:2008 Mobile or movable jacks and associated lifting equipment.
This specifies requirements for the design, construction, safety, and testing of jacks.

2. Hydraulic System Standards

● ISO 4413:2010 - Hydraulic fluid power: General rules and safety requirements for
systems and their components. This provides guidelines for the safe design and
operation of hydraulic systems, including hydraulic jacks.
● ANSI/ASME B30.1- Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, it covers safety standards specifically for jacks and their
hydraulic systems.

3. Material Standards
● ASTM A48/A48M - Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings gives specifics of
the material properties for grey cast iron, which is commonly used for hydraulic jack
components.
● ASTM A536 - Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings, this covers the
requirements for ductile iron castings used in hydraulic jacks.

4. Design and Manufacturing Standards

● ISO 9001:2015 - Quality management systems - Requirements, it ensures the
manufacturing process follows quality management principles to maintain high
standards.
● ASME Y14.5-2018 - Dimensioning and Tolerancing, it Provides guidelines for the
geometric dimensioning and tolerancing of parts, ensuring dimensional accuracy and
consistency.

5. Testing and Certification

● CE Marking (European Conformity): indicates that the product complies with the
relevant EU directives for health, safety, and environmental protection.
● UL 1322 - Standard for Safety for Scissor Lifts, it Provides safety standards for the
design and testing of scissor lifts, which can be relevant for hydraulic scissor jacks.

6. Environmental and Operational Standards

● RoHS Directive (2011/65/EU) - Restriction of Hazardous Substances, this ensures
that the hydraulic jack does not contain hazardous substances above permissible
limits.
 ● REACH Regulation (EC 1907/2006) - Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation, and
Restriction of Chemicals, this Ensures that all chemicals used in the manufacturing
process are evaluated for safety.

When designing and manufacturing hydraulic scissor jacks for countries like Ethiopia,
additional considerations are included as described below:

1. Cost Management
● Local Material Sourcing: Utilising locally available materials to reduce costs.
● Simplified Design: Ensuring the design is not overly complex, which can reduce
manufacturing and maintenance costs.

2. Training and Documentation

● User Manuals and Training: Providing clear and easily understandable user
manuals and training to ensure proper use and maintenance.
● Maintenance Guidelines: Offering detailed maintenance guidelines to prolong the
life of the equipment.

3. Durability and Reliability

● Robust Design: Ensuring the design is durable and can withstand harsh operating
conditions.
● Spare Parts Availability: Ensuring that spare parts are readily available locally to
facilitate easy repairs and maintenance.

1.6 Definition of the problem or goal statement

1.6.1 Problem Statement
The primary need is to design a hydraulic scissor jack capable of lifting vehicles with a load
capacity of up to 4 tonnes. The jack must be able to achieve a minimum height of 90 mm for
storage and a maximum height of 115 mm for operational use. This design must ensure
safety, ease of use, and reliability while being cost-effective and suitable for both
professional and personal use.

Based on the given specifications, which reflect the consumer's needs, we have outlined the
following objectives:

1. Load Capacity: Design a hydraulic scissor jack that can lift vehicles weighing up to 4
tonnes.
2. Height Specifications: Ensure the jack can be compacted to a minimum height of
90 mm and extend to a maximum height of 115 mm.
3. Hydraulic Mechanism: Implement a hydraulic lifting mechanism to provide efficient
lifting with minimal manual effort.
4. Safety Features: Integrate safety features such as overload protection, secure
locking mechanisms, and non-slip contact surfaces to ensure safe operation.
5. Ease of Use: Design the jack to be user-friendly, with simple operation and minimal
physical exertion required.
 6. Durability and Reliability: Use high-quality materials and robust construction
techniques to ensure the jack is durable and reliable under repeated use.
7. Cost-Effectiveness: Optimise the design for cost-effective manufacturing, making
the jack affordable without compromising quality or performance.

Overall, this project aims to develop a hydraulic scissor jack that can safely and efficiently lift
vehicles up to 4 tonnes, with a compact design for easy storage and sufficient lifting height
for practical use. The design will focus on user safety, ease of operation, durability, and cost-
effectiveness, making it suitable for both professional automotive workshops and personal
use.

This problem statement clearly defines the project's need, objectives, scope, and expected
outcomes, providing a solid foundation for the design and development of the hydraulic
scissor jack.t of 115 mm.

1.6.2 Quality Function Deployment

The QFD process for the hydraulic scissor jack helps in systematically translating customer
requirements into technical specifications and design features. By focusing on the key
attributes that customers value, the development team can prioritise their efforts to ensure
the final product meets or exceeds customer expectations, ensuring both functionality and
customer satisfaction.

For a hydraulic scissor jack, a QFD can help ensure that the final design meets customer
expectations and performs as intended. Here are some of the basic QFD’s for a hydraulic
scissor jack:

1. Customer Requirements (the WHATs):

● High Load Capacity: Able to lift up to 4 tonnes.
● Compact Size: Minimum height of 90 mm for easy storage.
● Sufficient Lift Height: Maximum height of 115 mm for operational use.
● Ease of Use: Simple operation with minimal effort.
● Safety: Overload protection, secure locking mechanism, non-slip surfaces.
● Durability: Long-lasting with high-quality materials.
● Cost-Effective: Affordable price for both professional and personal use.
● Maintenance: Easy to maintain and repair.

2. Design Requirements (the HOWs):

● Hydraulic System Design: Efficient hydraulic lifting mechanism.
● Material Selection: High-quality steel or aluminium for durability.
● Structural Design: Robust scissor mechanism for stability.
● Safety Features: Built-in overload protection and locking mechanisms.
● Ease of Assembly: Simplified design for easy assembly and disassembly.
● Corrosion Resistance: Coatings or materials to prevent rust.
● Compact Design: Optimised folding mechanism.
● Cost Management: Material and manufacturing process optimization.
● Maintenance Access: Design for easy access to hydraulic components.
4. Prioritisation of Design Requirements:
● Hydraulic System Design: Critical for lifting capacity and ease of use.
● Structural Design: Ensures stability and sufficient lift height.
● Material Selection: Impacts durability and load capacity.
● Safety Features: Essential for user protection.
● Compact Design: Important for storage and portability.
● Cost Management: Keeps the product affordable.
● Ease of Assembly: Simplifies production and repair.
● Corrosion Resistance: Extends product lifespan.
● Maintenance Access: Facilitates easy repairs and fluid checks.

5. Technical Benchmarks:
● Load Capacity: 4 tonnes.
● Minimum Height: 90 mm.
● Maximum Height: 115 mm.
● Hydraulic Efficiency: Lift with minimal manual effort.
● Material Strength**: High tensile strength materials.
● Safety Standards: Compliance with industry safety regulations.
● Corrosion Resistance: Coatings that prevent rust for at least 5 years.
Cost Target: Competitive pricing within the market.

2.2 Design specification/ Requirement list (Define how the system must
do it)

Specifications:

Parameters Values
Capacity 4 tonne
Minimum height 90 mm
Maximum height 115 mm
Working Mechanism Hydraulic