(ApprovedbyAICTE&AffiliatedtoMAKAUT)

TITLE:SOLIDAND HOLLOWSHAFT
Presentedby
KAZI WASIM AKTAR

UniversityRoll No.-15800721051
Year:3rd Semester:6th
Subject:DESIGNOFMACHINEELIMENTS(PC-ME602)
AcademicYear:2022-2023
SHAFTS

• Ashaftisarotatingelement
whichisused to transmit power from
oneplaceto another .
• Shafts are generally
manufacturedbyhotrollingandfinishe
dtosizebycolddrawingorturningandg
rinding
.
• TheShaftmaybea“TransmissionSha
ft“or“MachineShaft“.
SHAFTS

Thefollowingstressesareinducedintheshafts:

1. Shearstressduetotransmissionoftorque(i.e
.dueto“TorsionalLoad“).
2. Bending stresses ( tensile or compressive
)due to the forces acting upon
machineelementslikegears,pulleysetc.aswe
llasduetotheweightoftheshaftitself.
3. Stressesduetocombinedtorsionaland
bendingloads.
DESIGNCONSIDERATIONSFORSHAFT

DESIGNBASEDONSTRENGTH
1. Design is carried out so that stress
atany location of the shaft should
notexceedthematerial“YieldStress“.
2. Noconsiderationforshaftdeflectionan
d shafttwistisincluded.

DESIGNBASEDONSTIFFNESS
1.The designisbasedonthe
allowabledeflectionandtwistofthe
shaft.
DESIGNBASEDONSTRENGTH:BENDINGSTRESS

FORSOLIDSHAFT FORHOLLOWSHAFT

σb=Mby /I=32Mb/ πd3 σb=Mby /I=32Mb/πd03(1–C4)

Mb=BendingMomentatthepointofintersectiond=
Mb=BendingMomentatthepointofintersectiond0=
Outerdiameterof thesolid shaft
Outerdiameterofthehollowshaft
I=AreaMomentofInertiaofshaft=πd4/64
di=Insidediameterofthehollowshaft
y=Distanceoffarthestfibrefromneutralaxis
C=Ratioof insideto outsidediameter= di/ d0I=
MomentofInertia=πd04(1–C4)/64
y=Distanceoffarthestfibrefromneutralaxis=d0/2
DESIGNBASEDONSTRENGTH:AXIAL
STRESS

FORSOLIDSHAFT FORHOLLOWSHAFT

σt=P/A=4p/ πd2 σt=P/A=4P/πd02(1–C2)

P=Axialforce(tensileorcom
P=Axialforce(tensileorcompressive)
pressive)
A=areaofcrosssectionofshaft=π(d02–
d=Outerdiameteroftheshaft
di2)
A=Areaofthecrosssectionofthe
σt=Axialstress
shaft
d0=Outerdiameterofthehollowshaftdi=Insi
σt=AxialStress
dediameterofthehollowshaft
C=Ratioofinsidetooutsidediameter=di/
d0
DESIGNBASEDONSTRENGTH:TORSION

FORSOLIDSHAFT FORHOLLOWSHAFT

τ= Mtr / J=16Mt/πd3 τ= Mtr / J= 16Mt/πd03(1–C4)

Mt=Torqueontheshaft Mt=Torqueontheshaft
τ=Shearstressdueto τ=Shearstressdueto
torsionr=Radiusof theshaft torsionr=Radiusof theshaft
d=Diameterofshaft J=Polarmomentofinertiaofshaft
J=Polarmomentofinertiaofshaft= πd4/ =π (d04–di4)/32
32 d0=Outerdiameterofthehollowshaft
di=Innerdiameterofthehollowshaft
C=Ratioof insideto outsidediameter= di/ d0
When a shaft is subjected to combined
twistingand bending moment , then the shaft is
designedonthe basisofthe followingtwotheories:

A.Maximumshearstresstheoryor“Guest’sTheory“.Itisusedfor
ductilematerialssuchasmildsteel .

B.Maximumnormalstresstheoryor“Rankine’sTheory
“.Itisusedforbrittlematerialssuch ascastiron.
Accordingtomaximumshearstresstheory,themaximumshearstressint
heshaft,

τmax= [ (σb)2+4τ2]1/2/2=16[ M2+ T 2]1/2/ πd3

Theexpression[M2+T2]1/2isknownas“EquivalentTwistingMoment“.

Accordingtomaximumnormalstresstheory,the maximumnormal
stressinthe shaft,

σb (max) =σb/ 2+[ (σb)2+4τ)]½/2=[ {M+(M2+T2)1/2}/2]*32/πd3

Theexpression[{M+(M2+T2)1/2}/2]isknownas“EquivalentBendingMoment“.
THANK YOU
🙏