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‫ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ‬

‫ﺳﻴﻢ ﭘﻴﭽﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻮﺭ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ‪ ۹۰‬ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‬

‫‪Fa = k.ia .cosθ‬‬

‫‪π‬‬
‫‪Fb = k.ib .cos(θ −‬‬ ‫)‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪θ‬‬
‫×‬ ‫‪π‬‬
‫‪ib = I m . cos(ωt −‬‬ ‫)‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫×‬ ‫‪ia = I m . cos ωt‬‬

‫) ‪F = Fa + Fb = k.I m[cosθ . cos ωt + sin θ .sin ωt ] = k.I m . cos(θ − ωt‬‬

‫ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺩﺭ ﻳﮏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ‬

‫ﻫﺮ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺳﻪ ﻓﺎﺯ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﻳﺎ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ‪ ،‬ﺳﻪ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﻢ‪:‬‬
‫‪Va = Va+ + Va− + Vao‬‬
‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪Va+ = Vb+ = Vc+ = V +‬‬
‫‪Vb = V + V + V‬‬
‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬
‫‪o‬‬
‫ﻭ‬
‫‪Va− = Vb− = Vc− = V −‬‬
‫‪Vc = Vc+ + Vc− + Vco‬‬

‫‪V + ‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪[Vabc ] = [ F ] V − ‬‬
‫‘‬ ‫‪[ F ] =  a 2‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪V 0 ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬ ‫‪ a‬‬ ‫‪a2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

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‫‪1 a‬‬ ‫‪a2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫] ‪[V + − 0 ] = [ F ]−1 [Vabc‬‬ ‫‪−1‬‬
‫‪[ F ] = 1 a 2‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬
‫‘‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1 1‬‬
‫‪‬‬ ‫‪1 ‬‬

‫ﺍﮔﺮ ﻋﻴﻦ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﻭ ﻓﺮﺽ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ‪:‬‬

‫‪VA = VA+ + VA−‬‬ ‫‪VA+ = VB+ = V +‬‬

‫‪VB = VB+ + VB−‬‬ ‫‘‬
‫‪VA− = VB− = V −‬‬

‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﺮﺩ ‪V ∠ − π 2‬‬

‫‪+‬‬
‫‪V ∠0 o‬‬
‫‪+‬‬

‫‘‬
‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬
‫‪−‬‬
‫‪V ∠0‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬
‫‪V ∠π 2‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻋﻘﺒﮕﺮﺩ‬
‫‘‬

‫‪ VA+ -‬ﻭ ‪ VB+‬ﻳﮏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺁﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪ VA- -‬ﻭ ‪ VB-‬ﻳﮏ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬

‫‪VA   1 1  V + ‬‬ ‫‪V +  1 1 j  VA ‬‬

‫‪V  =  − j j   − ‬‬ ‫‪ − = ‬‬ ‫‪ ‬‬
‫‪ B ‬‬ ‫‪ V ‬‬ ‫‪V  2 1 − j  VB ‬‬

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‫ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ‬

‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ‬

‫ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪ ﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﺭ ﺩﻭ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ‪VA‬‬

‫‪ ،VB‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻭ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﻭ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻳﮑﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﺪﻝ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻳﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺪﻝ ﺗﻮﺍﻟﻲ ﻣﻨﻔﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻳﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪ωs − ωr‬‬
‫= ‪s+‬‬
‫‪ωs‬‬
‫‪S − = 2 − S+‬‬
‫‪(−ω s ) − ω r ω r + ω s‬‬
‫= ‪s−‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪− ωs‬‬ ‫‪ωs‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ‪:‬‬

‫‪ -١‬ﻭﻟﺘﺎﮊﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺆﻟﻔﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﻥ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -٢‬ﺩﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭ ﺟﺪﺍﮔﺎﻧﻪ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ‪ I+‬ﻭ‪ I-‬ﺭﺍ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﻣﺎﺗﺮﻳﺴﻲ‪ IA ،‬ﻭ ‪ IB‬ﺭﺍ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﭘﺎﺭﺍﻣﺘﺮﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻲ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺁﺛﺎﺭ‬

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‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬‬

‫‪VA = 115∠0o‬‬ ‫ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﺗﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎﺩﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺍﺳﺖ‬
‫‪VB = 75∠ − π 2‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺯ ‪ A‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ‪ 0.39‬ﭘﺴﻔﺎﺯ‪ 464W ،‬ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻓﺎﺯ‪ B‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺿﺮﻳﺐ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ‪ 0.267‬ﭘﺴﻔﺎﺯ‪ 123W ،‬ﺩﺭ ﻟﻐﺰﺵ ‪ 0.2‬ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﺟﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻓﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ‪ A‬ﻭ ‪ B‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﺍﻣﭙﺪﺍﻧﺲ ﻓﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ‪ A‬ﻭ ‪ B‬ﺭﺍ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺝ ‪ :‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺍﻣﭙﺪﺍﻧﺲ ﺳﻴﻢﭘﻴﭽﻲﻫﺎ )ﺍﻣﭙﺪﺍﻧﺲ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺗﻮﺭ ‪ ( Z A , Z B = 2.3 + j 4‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﭼﺮﺧﺸﻲ ﺻﺮﻓﻨﻈﺮ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﻭ ﺑﻬﺮﺓ ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻦ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﻳﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻒ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪:‬‬
‫‪464‬‬
‫= ‪IA‬‬ ‫‪∠ − Cos −1 0.39 = 10.346∠ − 67.046o‬‬
‫)‪115(0.39‬‬

‫= ‪IB‬‬
‫‪123‬‬
‫)‪75(0.267‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪∠ − 90 − Cos −1 0.267 = 6.142∠ − 164.514o‬‬

‫ﺏ‪ :‬ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪:‬‬

‫‪VA‬‬ ‫‪115∠0 o‬‬

‫= ‪ZA‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 11.116∠67.046 o‬‬
‫‪I A 10.346∠ − 67.046‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬

‫‪VB‬‬ ‫‪75∠ − 90 o‬‬

‫= ‪ZB‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 12.21∠74.514 o‬‬
‫‪I B 6.142∠ − 164.514‬‬ ‫‪o‬‬

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‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﻳﻢ‪:‬‬
‫‪Z+ = Zi + − Z1 = 0.782 + j 6.838‬‬
‫‪Z− = Zi − − Z1 = 1.909 + j3.697‬‬

‫ﻟﺬﺍ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Pg + = 2 I + R+ = 2(8.228) (0.782) = 105.883 W‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪Pg − = 2 I − R− = 2(2.165) (1.909) = 17.896 W‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺣﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺭﺗﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫) ‪Pm = (1 − s )(Pg + − Pg −‬‬

‫‪= (1 − 0.2)(105.883 − 17.896) = 70.39 W‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﻱ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫‪Pin = PA + PB = 464 + 123 = 587 W‬‬

‫ﺑﻬﺮﻩ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮﺡ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪:‬‬

‫‪Pm 70.39‬‬
‫=‪η‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 0.12‬‬
‫‪Pin‬‬ ‫‪587‬‬

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