UNIVERSITY OF RIZAL SYSTEM

Province of Rizal
Page 1 of 2

Module 8.5- QUADRATURE FM DEMODULATOR

Learning objectives

1. Understanding the principles of frequency modulation (FM) and its advantages

over amplitude modulation (AM).
2. Explaining the concept of quadrature demodulation and its role in demodulating
FM signals.
3. Describing the architecture and components of a quadrature FM demodulator,
such as the quadrature mixer, phase shifter, and low-pass filter.
4. Analyzing the mathematical equations and signal processing techniques used in
quadrature demodulation.
5. Demonstrating the frequency-to-voltage conversion process in a quadrature
demodulator.
6. Evaluating the performance parameters of a quadrature FM demodulator,
including sensitivity, dynamic range, and signal-to-noise ratio.
7. Discussing practical applications of quadrature FM demodulators in
communication systems, radar systems, and frequency synthesizers.
8. Designing and simulating a quadrature FM demodulator circuit using software
tools or hardware prototyping platforms.
9. Troubleshooting common issues and challenges encountered in the
implementation of quadrature FM demodulators.
10. Exploring advanced topics related to quadrature demodulation, such as phase-
locked loops (PLLs) and carrier recovery techniques.

Discussion / Lecture

QUADRATURE FM DEMODULATOR
A quadrature FM demodulator (sometimes called a coincidence detector) extracts
the original information signal from the composite IF waveform by multiplying two
quadrature (90° out of phase) signals. A quadrature detector uses a 90° phase
shifter, a single tuned circuit, and a product detector to demodulate FM signals. The
90° phase shifter produces a signal that is in quadrature with the received IF signals.
The tuned circuit converts frequency variations to phase variations, and the product
detector multiplies the received IF signals by the phase-shifted IF signal.

DCC Code Revision Number Date of Effectivity

 UNIVERSITY OF RIZAL SYSTEM
Province of Rizal
Page 2 of 2

Figure 8-8 shows a simplified schematic diagram for an FM quadrature detector. C₁

is a high-reactance capacitor that, when placed in series with tank circuit (R, Lo, and
Co), produces a 90° phase shift at the IF center frequency. The tank circuit is tuned
to the IF cen- ter frequency and produces an additional phase shift (0) that is
proportional to the frequency deviation. The IF input signal (v.) is multiplied by the
quadrature signal (v) in the product detector and produces an output signal that is
proportional to the frequency deviation.At the resonant frequency, the tank-circuit
impedance is resistive. However, frequency variations in the IF signal produce an
additional positive or negative phase shift. Therefore, the product detector output
voltage is proportional to the phase difference between the two input signals and is
expressed mathematically as:

vout=vivo=[Visin(𝜔it+𝜃)][Vocos(𝜔ot)]

Substituting into the trigonometric identity for the product of a sine and a cosine
wave of equal frequency gives us:
𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑜
vout = 2 [sin(2𝜔it+ 𝜃)+sin(𝜃)]
Substituting into the trigonometric identity for the product of a sine and a cosine
wave of equal frequency gives us:
𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑜
vout = 2 [sin(2𝜔it+ 𝜃)+sin(𝜃)]
The second harmonic (2𝜔i) is filtered out, leaving:
𝑉𝑖𝑉𝑜
vout = 2 sin(𝜃)
Where:
𝜃 = tan-1𝜌Q
2𝜋𝑓
𝜌, = 𝑓𝑜 (fractional frequency deviation)
Q = tank-circuit quality factor

Reference:
https://studylib.net/doc/26121741/461684436-electronic-communications-systems-
fundamentals-...

DCC Code Revision Number Date of Effectivity