8

gfrost

Technical - Vocational - Education

Industrial Arts

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
& MAINTENANCE
Quarter 2 Module:6
Wiring Diagram
TLE/EIM – Grade 8 Quarter 2 – Module 6: Wiring Diagram

First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education

Development Team of the Module

Writer : RUTH ELIZER ALCAZAR

Editor :
Reviewer : ALPHA PALCONIT
Illustrator : RUTH ELIZER ALCAZAR
Layout Artist : RUTH ELIZER ALCAZAR
Management Team : JOSEPHINE L. FADUL
: MELANIE P. ESTACIO
: CHRISTINE C. BAGACAY
: LORNA C. RAGOS
: ALPHA PALCONIT

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Region XI

Office Address: Energy Park, Apokon, Tagum City, 8100
Telefax: (084) 216-3504

E-mail Address: tagum.city@deped.gov.ph

Technical - Vocational - Education
8
Industrial Arts

ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION
& MAINTENANCE
Quarter 2 Module: 6
Wiring Diagram
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the EIM-9 Self-Engaging Module (SEM) on Wiring Diagram
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or
facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12
Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints
in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to
help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will
help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing
them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage
and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the EIM-8 Self-Engaging Module (SEM) Analyze Signs Symbol
and Data

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This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time.
You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being
an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Let us Learn! This will give you an idea of the skills or

competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

Let us Try!
This part includes an activity that aims to
check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip
this module.

This includes a brief drill or review to help

Let us Study you link the current lesson with the
previous one; various ways of introducing
a new lesson such as a story, a song, a
poem, a problem opener, an activity or a
situation; and a brief discussion of the
lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

Let us Practice This comprises activities for guided

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

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 This comprises activities for independent
Let us Practice More practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

This includes questions or blank

Let us Remember sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the lesson.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your

Let us Assess level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

In this portion, another activity will be

Let us Enhance given to you to enrich your knowledge or
skill of the lesson learned.
This part contains the closing note related
Let us Reflect to the lesson. It will help you reflect the
importance of the concepts you have
learned in this module and its relevance to
real-life situation.

This contains answers to all activities in

Answer Key to the
the module.
Activities

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

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1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try! before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with
it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let Us Learn!

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master how to install bulb controlled by 1 SPST. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are also
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which
you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now
using.

This module has one lesson:

Lesson 6- Wiring Diagram

 through this module, you are expected to:

1. Know the difference between a circuit drawing and a wiring
diagram
2. Understand some basic symbols for schematic drawings and wiring
diagrams
3. Understand the difference between different types of diagrams

Let Us Try!

Let us determine how much you already know about check conditions
of Personal Entrepreneurial Competences. Take this test. Write the
words on your answer sheet.
Directions: On your answer sheet, use your activity notebook/sheet to write
your answer.

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1. A visual representation of components and wires related to an electrical
connection. This pictorial diagram shows us the physical links that are far
easy to understand an electrical circuit or system.

a. wiring diagram b. Pictorial diagram c. schematic diagram

2. A diagram that show the circuit flow with its impression rather than a
genuine representation.
a. wiring diagram b. Pictorial diagram c. schematic diagram

3. It is a sketch of the actual connections of the electrical devices in a circuit

or wiring installations.

a. actual connection diagram b. wiring diagram c. line diagram

4. It is a presentation of electrical connections of wiring devices using single

line and with slashes.

a. schematic diagram b. line diagram c. Pictorial diagram

5. The least efficient diagram among the electrical wiring diagram.

a. schematic diagram b. line diagram c. Pictorial diagram

Lesson
Circuit Drawings and Wiring

6 Diagrams

Let Us Study
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 Wiring Diagrams

A wiring diagram is a simplified conventional pictorial representation of

an electrical circuit. It shows the components of the circuit as simplified
shapes, and the power and signal connections between the devices.
This pictorial diagram shows us the physical links that are far easy to
understand an electrical circuit or system. One wiring diagram can signify
all the interconnections, thereby signaling the relative locations. The use of
a wiring diagram is positively recognizable in manufacturing or electrical
troubleshooting projects. It can prevent lots of damage that even derail an
electrical plan.

Why do we use wiring diagrams?

Wiring diagrams are highly in use in circuit manufacturing or other

electronic devices projects. The layout facilitates communication between
electrical engineers designing electrical circuits and implementing them. The
pictures are also helpful in making repairs. It shows whether the installation
has been appropriately designed and implemented while confirming the
safety regulators.

A wiring diagram can also be useful in auto repair and home building
projects. For example, the proper location of light fixtures and electrical
outlets can be easily by a home builder to avoid costly defaults or building
any code violations.

Benefits of Wiring Diagrams

Drawing a wiring diagram offers several advantages, as given below:

 Easy to understand – Diagrammatic data presentation makes it easier

for a common man to understand the data. Diagrams are usually
attractive and impressive and many newspapers and magazines use
them frequently to explain certain facts or phenomena. Modern
advertising campaigns also use diagrams.

 Simplified Presentation – You can represent large volumes of

complex data in a simplified and intelligible form using diagrams.
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  Reveals hidden facts – When you classify and tabulate data, some
facts are not revealed. Diagrammatic data presentation helps in
bringing out these facts and also relations.

 Quick to grasp – Usually, when the data is represented using

diagrams, people can grasp it quickly.

 Easy to compare – Diagrams make it easier to compare data.

 Universally accepted – Almost all fields of study

like Business, economics, social institutions, administration, etc. use
diagrams. Therefore, they have universal acceptability.
 The diagram is easy to share even electronically.
 The process of creating a diagram is fast and allows for conventional
construction.
 Access to hundreds and thousands of wiring symbols makes the
diagram more efficient to be understood.
 The diagram is simple to edit as per the different conditions.
 The proper tool provides precise placement of symbols, which is an
impossible task to be done by hand or other means.

Standard Wiring Diagram Symbols

Most symbols used on a wiring diagram look like abstract versions of the
real objects they represent. For example, a switch will be a break in the line
with a line at an angle to the wire, much like a light switch you can flip on
and off. A resistor will be represented with a series of squiggles symbolizing
the restriction of current flow. An antenna is a straight line with three small
lines branching off at its end, much like a real antenna.

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5
Table of Electrical Symbols

Symbol Component name Meaning

Wire Symbols

Electrical Wire Conductor of electrical current

Connected Wires Connected crossing

Not Connected Wires Wires are not connected

Switch Symbols and Relay Symbols

SPST Toggle Switch Disconnects current when open

SPDT Toggle Switch Selects between two connections

Pushbutton Switch (N.O) Momentary switch - normally open

Pushbutton Switch (N.C) Momentary switch - normally closed

DIP switch is used for onboard

DIP Switch
configuration

SPST Relay
Relay open / close connection by an
electromagnet
SPDT Relay

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 Close connection by jumper insertion
Jumper
on pins.

Solder Bridge Solder to close connection

Ground Symbols

Used for zero potential reference and

Earth Ground
electrical shock protection.

Connected to the chassis of the

Chassis Ground
circuit

Digital / Common Ground

Resistor Symbols

Resistor (IEEE)

Resistor reduces the current flow.

Resistor (IEC)

Potentiometer (IEEE)

Adjustable resistor - has 3 terminals.

Potentiometer (IEC)

Variable Resistor /
Rheostat (IEEE)
Adjustable resistor - has 2 terminals.
Variable Resistor /
Rheostat (IEC)

Trimmer Resistor Preset resistor

Thermal resistor - change resistance

Thermistor
when temperature changes

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Photoresistor / Light Photo-resistor - change resistance
dependent resistor (LDR) with light intensity change

Capacitor Symbols

Capacitor
Capacitor is used to store electric
charge. It acts as short circuit
with AC and open circuit with DC.
Capacitor

Polarized Capacitor Electrolytic capacitor

Polarized Capacitor Electrolytic capacitor

Variable Capacitor Adjustable capacitance

Inductor / Coil Symbols

Coil / solenoid that generates

Inductor
magnetic field

Iron Core Inductor Includes iron

Variable Inductor

Power Supply Symbols

Voltage Source Generates constant voltage

Current Source Generates constant current.

AC Voltage Source AC voltage source

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 Electrical voltage is generated by
Generator
mechanical rotation of the generator

Battery Cell Generates constant voltage

Battery Generates constant voltage

Generates voltage as a function of

Controlled Voltage Source voltage or current of other circuit
element.

Generates current as a function of

Controlled Current Source voltage or current of other circuit
element.

Meter Symbols

Measures voltage. Has very high

Voltmeter
resistance. Connected in parallel.

Measures electric current. Has near

Ammeter
zero resistance. Connected serially.

Ohmmeter Measures resistance

Wattmeter Measures electric power

Lamp / Light Bulb Symbols

Lamp / light bulb

Generates light when current flows

Lamp / light bulb
through

Lamp / light bulb

Diode / LED Symbols

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 Diode allows current flow in one
Diode direction only - left (anode) to right
(cathode).

Allows current flow in one direction,

but also can flow in the reverse
Zener Diode
direction when above breakdown
voltage

Schottky diode is a diode with low

Schottky Diode
voltage drop

Varactor / Varicap Diode Variable capacitance diode

Tunnel Diode

LED emits light when current flows

Light Emitting Diode (LED)
through

Photodiode allows current flow when

Photodiode
exposed to light

Transistor Symbols

Allows current flow when high

NPN Bipolar Transistor
potential at base (middle)

Allows current flow when low

PNP Bipolar Transistor
potential at base (middle)

Made from 2 bipolar transistors. Has

Darlington Transistor
total gain of the product of each gain.

JFET-N Transistor N-channel field effect transistor

JFET-P Transistor P-channel field effect transistor

NMOS Transistor N-channel MOSFET transistor

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PMOS Transistor P-channel MOSFET transistor

Misc. Symbols

Motor Electric motor

Change AC voltage from high to low

Transformer
or low to high.

Electric bell Rings when activated

Buzzer Produce buzzing sound

Fuse
The fuse disconnects when current
above threshold. Used to protect
circuit from high currents.
Fuse

Bus

Contains several wires. Usually for

Bus
data / address.

Bus

Optocoupler / Opto- Optocoupler isolates connection to

isolator other board

Converts electrical signal to sound

Loudspeaker
waves

Converts sound waves to electrical

Microphone
signal

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 Operational Amplifier Amplify input signal

Operates with hysteresis to reduce

Schmitt Trigger
noise.

Analog-to-digital converter Converts analog signal to digital

(ADC) numbers

Digital-to-Analog converter Converts digital numbers to analog

(DAC) signal

Used to generate precise frequency

Crystal Oscillator
clock signal

Direct current is generated from

⎓ Direct current
constant voltage level

Antenna Symbols

Antenna / aerial

Transmits & receives radio waves

Antenna / aerial

Dipole Antenna Two wires simple antenna

Logic Gates Symbols

NOT Gate (Inverter) Outputs 1 when input is 0

AND Gate Outputs 1 when both inputs are 1.

Outputs 0 when both inputs are 1.

NAND Gate
(NOT + AND)

OR Gate Outputs 1 when any input is 1.

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 Outputs 0 when any input is 1. (NOT
NOR Gate
+ OR)

Outputs 1 when inputs are different.

XOR Gate
(Exclusive OR)

D Flip-Flop Stores one bit of data

Multiplexer / Mux 2 to 1
Connects the output to selected
input line.
Multiplexer / Mux 4 to 1

Demultiplexer / Demux 1 Connects selected output to the input

to 4 line.

Type of wiring diagram

A. Block diagram:

A diagram of a system in which the principal parts or functions are

represented by blocks connected by lines that show the relationships
of the blocks.

B. Schematic Diagram

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a diagram that uses lines to represent the wires and symbols to
represent components. It is used to show how the circuit functions.
Schematic diagrams show the circuit flow with its impression rather
than a genuine representation. They only provide general information
and cannot be used to repair or examine a circuit. The functions of
different equipment used within the circuit get presented with the
help of a schematic diagram whose symbols generally include vertical
and horizontal lines. However, these lines are known to show the flow
of the system rather than its wires.

C. Pictorial Diagram
a diagram that represents the elements of a system using abstract,
graphic drawings or realistic pictures.
It is the least efficient diagram among the electrical wiring diagram.
They are often photos attached with highly-detailed drawings or labels
of the physical components. A pictorial doesn’t even make an effort to
be shown clearly or effectively. A person with a strong knowledge of
electrical wiring diagrams can only understand a pictorial.

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D. Line Diagram
It is a presentation of electrical connections of wiring devices using
single line and with slashes indicating the number of the conductors
in a line.

E. Actual Connection Diagram

It is a sketch of the actual connections of the electrical devices in a

circuit or wiring installations. Like a schematic diagram it is also uses
electrical symbols but this is more detailed because it shows the
wiring terminations and connections.

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Circuit drawing (diagram):
a simplified conventional graphical representation of an electrical
circuit.

Let Us Practice

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Matching type: Read the statement carefully, choose the letter that
correspond your answer.
1. Which of the following is NOT a reason that we use symbols in our circuit
diagrams?

a. Diagrams are quicker to draw

b. Diagrams are clearer and easier to understand
c. Diagrams are easier to draw/require less skill
d. Because we like to make things extra complicated

2. ___ diagrams use 3D representations of components to show the

operation of an electronic device.
a. Block b. Pictorial c. Schematic d. Wiring

3. What is a circuit diagram (or electrical schematic diagram)?

a. A drawing that shows the connections and components in an
electrical circuit. It doesn't represent how they're arranged, just how
they're connected.
b. A drawing that shows the connections and components in an
electrical circuit. It represents how they're arranged, and how they're
connected.
c. A drawing that shows the components in an electrical circuit. It
doesn't represent how they're connected, just how they're arranged.
d. A drawing that shows the connections and components in an
electrical circuit. It's artistic, and doesn't have real world meaning.
4. ____ diagrams use shapes such as squares and rectangles to explain an
electronic device.
a. Block b. Pictorial c. Schematic d. Wiring

5. ____ diagrams show the location of switches, outlets, and lighting on

residential plan drawings

a. Block b. Pictorial c. Schematic d. Wiring

Let us Practice More

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 Identify the different electrical symbols used in the electrical wiring
diagram. Draw and answer.

2.
________________

3.
________________

3.
________________

4.

_________________

5.

_________________

Let Us Remember

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Identification: Supply the missing word/term to complete the
cluster.

1. A wiring diagram is a simplified conventional pictorial _________ of

an electrical circuit.
2. Pictorial diagram shows us the physical links that are far easy to
__________ an electrical circuit or system.
3. The diagram is easy to share even __________.
4. The diagram is simple to edit as per different _________.
5. ________ make it easier to compare data.

Let Us Assess

Direction: Draw and identify the following symbols. Write your

answer on the space provided for.

________1. Generates voltage as a function of voltage or current of other

circuit element.
________2. Change AC voltage from high to low or low to high.
________3. It converts electrical signal to sound waves.
________4. Generates constant voltage.
________5. Electrical voltage is generated by mechanical rotation of the
generator
________6. Disconnects when current above threshold.

Let Us Enhance

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The following diagram shows torch batteries connected to torch
globes in different ways.

Complete the following table to show which of the above globes will light
and explain why.
Globe Will it light? Say why!

Let Us Reflect

Direction: Write your answer on your answer sheet.

When you are doing repair in your house

wiring, what kind of diagram you’ll be using
and why?

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 Answer key to Activities

1. A 1. B 1. Ammeter
2. C 2. B 2. Battery
3. A 3. B 3. Switch
4. B 4. A 4. Lamp
1.representation 1.
5. DControlled voltage 5. wire
5. c
2. Transformer
2. understand
3. Loud speaker
3. electronically
4. Current source
4. conditions 5. Generator
5. Diagrams 6. fuse

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 References

 https://www.toppr.com/guides/business-economics-cs/descriptive-
statistics/diagrammatic-presentation-of-data/
 https://mytrainingbc.ca/youthexploreskills/activity/Electrical/pdf/
CircuitDrawingsandWiring.pdf
 https://www.smartdraw.com/wiring-diagram/
 https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/state-whether-true-or-falsein-
a-series-circuit-all-appliances-work-independently/

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Tagum City

Office Address: Energy Park, Apokon, Tagum City, 8100

Telefax: (084) 216-3504

E-mail Address: tagum.city@deped.gov.ph