19-03-2018

Contingency Planning for Oil Spill Response

Nilay Meshram
Suptdg. Engineer (Environment)
Corporate HSE, ONGC, New Delhi

Contents

Oil Spill Contingency Planning Guidelines by Indian Coast Guard for
Oil & Gas Industry

Tiered Concept of Oil Spill Response

Elements of Oil Spill Contingency Plan

ONGC’s Oil Spill Response Capabilities

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Need for Oil Spill Contingency Planning

Oil spills will continue to occur as long as society depends on

petroleum and its products

Sustainable development
need of the hour

ONGC being responsible corporate is committed to protect fragile
marine environment by:

Minimizing risk of occurrence of oil spill

Rapidly containing & recovering spilled oil and

Effectively rehabilitating affected resources

Need for Oil Spill Contingency Planning

Oil Spill on sea do

not respect
national
boundaries - travel
far to
international
International destinations
requirements Spill on sea
through reduces sunlight
various penetration to
conventions / marine life and
Treaties / IMO Why Oil Spill poses threat to
Combatment their existence Coastline of India 5500 km on the mainland & 2000 km
is necessary on its offshore islands
Coastal area is known for - Vast network of backwaters
Estuaries, Creeks, Lagoons , Mangroves and coral reefs.
Stipulations of
Merchant The country is blessed with beaches & Recorded more
Shipping Act , Act as sink for than 5000 species of marine flora & fauna
MoEFCC & atmospheric
provisions of CO2 fixation 12 major ports 200 minor/Interim/ Small Ports
NOSDCP.
350 to 400 MMT crude oil is transported along the
route through 2500-3000 tankers
Considering the large volume of oil transportation at
4 high rate – probability of tanker accident is very high

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Oil Spill Contingency Planning in India

International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and
Co-operation (OPRC)

Adopted on 30 Nov 1990 at London

Objectives:-

To facilitate international co-operation and mutual assistance for Oil Spill
Response

States to develop and maintain adequate capability to deal with oil
pollution

Oil Spill Contingency Planning in India

To comply with OPRC / UNCLOS convention, National Oil

Spill Disaster Contingency Plan (NOS-DCP) was prepared by
Indian Coast Guard.

Apex plan for responding to oil spill disasters in Indian waters

Prepared by Indian Coast Guard in July 1996 and updated in
1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2006 and 2015

The plan brings together the combined resources of

Government of India,

State Governments,

Shipping, Ports and Oil Industries.

Director General Coast Guard (DGCG) is the Central
Coordinating Authority (CCA) for combating oil spills in Indian
Water

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NOS-DCP

Delineates the duties and responsibilities of each participating agency

Gives information on pollution response equipment held by agencies.

Promotes development of Regional and Local Contingency Plans in the five

Coast Guard Regions, various ports, oil companies and coastal states.

The plan demand agencies to maintain:-

An Oil Spill Contingency Plan

Oil Spill Response Equipment

Trained Manpower

Tiered Response System

•The most mild, causing localized

damage usually near the
company's own facilities
•Mostly a result of the company's
own activities
Tier 2 •the most severe; they cannot be
contained with the resources of
•larger than a Tier 1 spill, but is the producing company
still one that occurs in the area •require substantial external
of the producing company's resources to deal with them.
facilities
•usually require the aid of other
companies and resources,
including the government

Tier 1 Tier 3

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Tiered concept for Oil Spill Response

International Capability GROUP

THREE

TIER THREE
Beyond Multi-National or
GROUP TWO
10000 tons Regional Capability

National
Capability

700 to TIER TWO

GROUP ONE
10000 tons Area
Capability

Local
TIER ONE Capability
Upto 700
tons
Industry Concept of Tiered The Organisation of the National
Response Framework

National Pollution Response Areas

5 Regions & 14 districts headed by District commanders

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Combat agencies for Oil Spills in India

Source Source / Location Combat
/ Location CombatAgency
Agency
At At
oil oil terminals
terminals / The relevant
/ The relevant oil company
oil company or
Refineries
Refineries or terminal operator.
terminal operator. If
If response is
response is beyond its
beyond its resources, responsibility
resources, responsibility
transfers to statutory agency
transfers to statutory
agency
In
In ports ports The port authority
The port authorityor or responsible
responsible state
state government authority
government authority
Within shoreline
Within shoreline & in & Coastal
CoastalState
StateGovernment
Government
in intertidal
intertidal zones zones
Beyond baseline Indian Coast Guard
Beyond baseline Indian Coast Guard

Spill from offshore The relevant oil company

petroleum
Spill from offshore with assistance
The relevant from
oil company with
operations
petroleum operations statutory agency
assistance from statutory agency

Risk categorization of Oil Installations

Risk Category Description

Super `A’ Operating more than five offshore platforms in one area

Offshore E&P Installations for crude oil

A
FPSO
Ship / platform involved in ship to ship crude oil transfer

B Vessel / platform involved in drilling operations

C Only gas based E&P Ops / LNG / Naptha

Offshore Oil Installations are to be equipped for responding to Tier – 1 level of oil spill
and up to 500 meters of the installation

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Tier -1 OSR resources for risk category of oil installations

Description Risk Category
Super A A B C
Inflatable Boom in meters ϯ 2000 1000 600 600
Skimmer (20 TPH) 4 4 2 2
OSD Applicator (no.) 6 2 2 2
Oil Spill Dispersant (liters) 10,000 5,000 3,000 3,000
Flex Barge 10 Tons (no.) # 4 2 - -
Equipment

Booms sustainable in strong currents, if current within 4 knots 400 / 2 400 / 2 - -

(meters / Nos.)
Sorbent boom pack (meters) 500 200 200 200
Sorbent pads (no.) 2000 1000 1000 1000
Shoreline Mini vacuum pumps 5 4 - -
Cleanup
Equipment - - - -
Portable temporary storage 5 4 - -
facility
Shoreline sealing boom (meters) 400 - - -
Work Boats 2 1 - 1
Manpow Vessel

MSV / OSV / Tugs 2 1 1 -

IMO Level 1 10 6 2 2
IMO Level 2 4 2 - -
er

Other 10 10 5 5

Hierarchy of contingency plans

National Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan by Headquarters, ICG

Regional Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan by Regional Headquarters of ICG

District Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan for Coastal States by District Headquarters of ICG

Local or State Oil Spill Disaster Contingency Plan for Shoreline Cleanup by Coastal State

Facility Plan by Ships, Ports, Oil Installations near shore and Offshore Oil Installations

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Oil spill emergency organogram

National
Affected Stake holders and Coordinator Medical
Government Authorities Services and
Ambulances

Municipal transport rescues and Fire Brigade Services

rehabilitation team

Police
Services

CHIEF INCIDENT
CONTROLLER

Mutual Aid
SITE INCIDENT
CONTROLLER

Support Services Administration and Fire Safety and Fire Team HSE Operation Team, Technical
Communication Coordinator Coordinator Team etc.

Elements of Oil Spill Contingency Planning

Proper Oil Spill Risk

If sea condition permits go for Assessment is to be
containment & recovery. carried out

If conditions do not permit then
sensitive areas and other resources
Oil Spill Risk
be protected by deploying the sealing Assessment
booms.

Dispersant spraying.
Behavior / fate
Strategies for of oil
OSR

Contingen
cy
Planning
Aerial survey, Oil spill modeling
is the most common way of Environmental considerations
Environmental
monitoring the moment of oil Surveillance & considerations ESI mapping (mangroves,
spill. tracking of oil
at sea nestling grounds, beaches,
Monitoring, industry etc.)
Assessment
• Can be done visually or remote sensing. and
• Calculation of the slick area - by flying Evaluation
lengthwise & widthwise
• Determining the thickness of oil by
observing its color.
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Elements of the Oil Spill Contingency Plan

Part – I: Strategy
1. Introduction ( Scope and geographical coverage )
2. Risk Assessment ( worst case scenario & oil spill trajectory )
3. Response Strategy ( Roles & Responsibilities, spill response plan )
4. Equipment
5. Management
6. Communication

Part – II: Action & Operations

7. Initial procedures
8. Operations planning
9. Control of operations
10.Termination of operations

Part – III: Data Directory

All the data required to support an oil spill response efficiently
( Important telephone nos., Location maps, wind speed & direction, cleaning techniques, disposal methods, OSR equipment, formats
for oil spill reporting, List of units registered with MoEF etc. )

Potential sources of Oil Spill

Rupture of Main oil lines /

Flow Lines / Hoses

Tanker Grounding
or Collision

Blow-out during drilling

Natural calamity (Earthquake/Tsunami

etc.)

Terrorist attack

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Oil spill trajectory prediction & weathering studies

Hydrodyn-OILSOFT software

Inputs to the software:-

oil characteristics,

bathymetry,

hydrological parameters

meteorlogical parameters

oil leak location and

spill quantity

Outputs of software:-

trajectory of spill,

losses,

time taken to reach coast/open boundaries,

amount of oil on surface,

% of oil reaching the coast,

oiling in the coast and

landing locations

Oil spill trajectory prediction & weathering studies

Oil Spill trajectory due to continuous leakage of crude oil from the rupture in trunkline at location PRP -1
(June 2012)

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Oil spill trajectory prediction & weathering studies

Spill quantity Losses (tons) Time taken to Amount of % of oil reaching to Oiling in
(tons) of crude oil reach coast /open oil on the coast/domain the coast
Month boundaries surface boundaries (m).
(in 36 hours) (hours) (tones) Landing Location

Reaches the coast near Mumbai,

January 14100 m3 8000 190 4000 28.36 70000
Uran,Alibag, Kashid and Diveagar

Towards Arabian sea in south

February 14100 m3 9500 290 3000 21.27 0
direction

Reaches the coast near

March 14100 m3 8000 140 4500 31.91 50000
Uran,Alibag, Kashid and Diveagar

Reaches the coast near

April 14100 m3 8000 180 4000 28.36 80000
Nalasopara and Dahanu

Reaches the coast near Dahanu

May 14100 m3 8000 190 4000 28.36 60000
and Daman

Reaches the coast near

June 14100 m3 8000 200 6100 43.26 23000
Daman,Vansi Gam and Hazira

ONGC’s Oil Spill Response

resources

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Western Offshore Fields of ONGC

Bombay Bassein
High & Satellite
Mumbai

Neelam
& Heera

ONGC’s Offshore Operations (West Coast)

• 14 Process complexes

• 203 Well head platforms

• 2 FPSO

• 41 Drilling rigs

• 70+ OSV / PSV / MSV / AHTS

• Pipeline network

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ONGC’s Tiered OSR Capability

Tier – I - Own OSR facilities

Tier – II - With Support from Indian Coast Guard

Tier – III - International Membership of M/s OSRL

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Tier – 1 OSR facilities of ONGC

MSV Samudra Sevak MSV HAL Anant

MSV Seamec – I MSV Seamec - II

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Oil Containment Booms

S.N Vessel Type Length

1. Samudra Heavy duty Oil Boom HDB 1500 500 mtrs.

Sevak Make: Lamor

2. Hal Anant Heavy Duty Oil Boom DH 10Y - 500 mtrs.

2
Make: Canadyne
3. Seamec - Seacurtain Compactable Oil spill 500 mtrs.
II containment boom
Make: Kepner Plastics Fabricators
4. Seamec - Flash Boom Model no. 12-24.22 500 mtrs.
I (Self inflating boom)
Make: Canadyne

Skimmers
S.N. Vessel Item Capacity

1. Samudra Brush skimmer 150 m3 / hr

Sevak Make: Lamor (3 x 50)

2. Hal Anant Multi disc skimmer 11 m3 / hr

Make: Canadyne
3. Seamec - II Brush Skimmer 150 m3 / hr
Make: lamor
4. Seamec - I Brush skimmer 150 m3 / hr
Make: Lamor (3 x 50)

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Dispersant Spray System

S. Vessel Capacity
N
1 Samudra 60 ltrs/min
Sevak
2 HAL Anant 80 ltrs/min

3 Samudra 50 ltrs/min
Prabha
4 Seamec-II 150 ltrs/min

5 Seamec - I 118 ltrs/min

Oil Spill Dispersant (NOVA) available with

ONGC – 14,065 ltrs

Preparation & Deployment – Samudra Sevak

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Containment & Recovery

Any large oil spill is contained with oil
containment boom

The oil is then recovered to vessel’s identified

tank using skimmer and pump

ONGC - Leader in OSR Management

• Funding Tier-1 Oil Spill Response facility for Mumbai & JNPT Ports with other POC’s
(BPCL, HPCL, IOC,Tata Power, RIL, CTTL,Aegis Logistics)
• established by MbPT in February 2015
• Contract awarded to M/s Sadhav Shipping @ Rs. 27.84 crores for five years
• ONGC ‘s share is 41.5 %
• ONGC’s Uran Plant and Nhava Supply Base are covered by this facility
• MOU with Cairn Energy & RIL
for pooling of resources at East Coast.
Nhava Supply Base
Jawahardeep

Uran Plant

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ONGC - Leader in OSR Management

ONGC is a participant member of M/s Oil Spill Response Ltd., UK since 1999

Agreement between ONGC & OSRL for combating major oil spill of Tier – III level

Yearly Membership fee (Band-4 – depending on company’s production)

Nearest Base at Singapore

Benefits:

Guaranteed and immediate response, 24/7

Logistic support with own aircraft for transport of equipment

Specialized oil recovery equipment

Well Trained manpower

ONGC - Leader in OSR Management

ONGC has developed Oil Spill Contingency Plan for both the Coast.

Regularly participating in Oil Spill Drills conducted by Indian Navy & ICG.

1. Prasthan – Oil spill & Fire Fighting Exercise

2. NATPOLREX - National Level oil spill Exercise by Indian Coast Guard

(Participated in all the NATPOLREX )

3. Internal Oil Spill Drills

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Conclusion

Contingency Plans need to be tested, validated and continually updated.

Oil spill response equipment should be commensurate to anticipated

risk.

International practice i.e. response is by oil companies’ co-operative or

by OSROs (Oil Spill Response Organizations).

Timely Response and Trained manpower is the key to success.

Thanks
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