DCHP includes: Dentists, Dental hygienists, Assistants, Laboratory technicians, Students & trainees. 2- Infection control is: comprehensive and systemic program that prevents transmission of infectious agents among persons who are in a direct or indirect contact with the health care environment. 3- The underlying assumption for infection control practices is that: All persons are to be treated as if they are infected & infectious. 4- The first part of the cycle of infection is the infectious agent > reservoir 5- Factors affecting transmission of infection: Susceptible host, source of infection, means of infection (blood/saliva) and route of transmission (inoculation/inhalation). 6- Inoculation exposure can occur by: Human-human touches, Contact with microorganisms at the source, Contact with contaminated items. 7 Organisms commonly transmitted by inoculation: HBV, HCV, Herps Simplex, AIDS, Gonorthea, Syphilis & Inhalation exposure can occur when: person coughs or sneezes, inhaling mists during dental procedures, 9 Organs commonly transmitted: Varicella virus, Measles, Mumps, Rubella, T8, Candidiasis, Chickenpox. 10- Risk of transmission by inhalation is limited to close Proximity to droplet source. 11 High risk groups are: Patients requiring frequent blood transfusion, jaundice, Immunosuppressed/immune deficient patients, Carrier patient, renal dialysis, Intravenous drug abuser, handicapped patient. 12- Hepatitis B require a titer of 10 IU/L to be effective. 13 Gloves does not replace handwashing. 14- it’s recommended to wash your hands before and after wearing gloves. 15-_ Hands are the most common mode of pathogen transmission. 16- ‘long wash technique’ is the additional cleaning of fingernails. 17- Order of placing PPE: Clothing > Mask > Glasses/face shields > Wash hands, place gloves. 18- Removal of PPE: Gloves — Glasses/face shields > Mask > Wash hands. er | Scanned with CamScanner25- 26- 27- 28- 29- 30- 31- 32- 33- Sterilization; Process which will kill all forr (bacteria, Spores, virus, fungus). Si ‘anitization: Cleaning an faces pri infection, This removal of : 8 and drying all surfaces prior to disi tion, organic material is critical : Since disinfectants are not effective i Sea ees ffective in the presence of ims of life especially to microorganisms te heatare processed with high level disinfectants h low temperature sterilization, (immersion sterilization) or wit! Steam, Vapor over pressure (Autoclave) uses stilled water to sterilize. Steam, Vapor over pressure (Autoclave) causes rust, corrosion and dulls the instruments, Steam, Vapor over pressure (Autoclave) penetrates the fabrics and effective against most spore forming organisms. Chemical Vapor (Chemiclave) uses mixture of chemicals to sterilize. Chemical Vapor (Chemiclave) causes offensive odor, cannot penetrate fabrics and damages plastics. Chemical Vapor (Chemiclave) works with paper packing, causes little rust/ corrosion and has no drying time. | Scanned with CamScanner39- 40- at 42- 43. 44- 45- Si 52- 53- 54- 55- Dry heat oven is less efficient than moist heat (Autoclave). Dry heat oven cycles of time and temperature are either (1 hour at 170°C) OR (2 hours at 160°C) -the cycle must be uninterrupted-. Dry heat oven DOESN'T cause rust or corrosion of previously dried instruments, Dry heat oven damages plastics, fabrics and joints of metals. Heat Transfer (Glass Beads) is the quickest sterilizer 5 seconds (270-300°C), Heat Transfer (Glass Beads) is used for files, burs and reamers. Ethylene oxide gas sterilization is used for ventilators & handpiece. Formaldehyde gas sterilization is used for operating rooms sterilization: Monitoring of sterilization process is done by physical/mechanical monitoring or chemical monitorin ig (each cycle), while biological monitoring is done once every (1-4 weeks) The only monitorin, 'g Method to guarantee sterilization is biological monitoring by using heat resistance microorganisms. Storage of items for the longest time periad is up to 3 months High lev isinfection is effective against'some spores, Low level disinfection has to at least kill HIV & HBV. Glutaraldehyde is a high level disinfectant which has a prolonged activated life but slow bacterial activity. Red bag is used to discard Gloves, masks, suction tips, head caps, disposable gloves. (contact with blood). Red bag is used to discard body tissues & extracted teeth’ Cov co. Yellow bag is used to discard sharp instruments like (needles, scalpels, burs, endodontic files). Black bag is used to discard medical waste. White bag is used to discard normal waste (NOT medical). Dr. Nour alden El Saeed Scanned with CamScanner