CHARACTERIZED OF COMMUNICATION:
dynamic- constantly changing that can change overtime
continuous - on going exchange
adaptive - it is adjusted to the changes that occur in its
physical and psychological environment
systematic - it involves components
transactional - every communication is a unique
combination of people.
FORMS OF COMMUNICATION
intrapersonal communication - talking to self
interpersonal communication - talking to a person
*Dyadic communication - 2-person communication such as
telephone, job interview and doctor and patient
conversation
*Small group communication - consists of three to six
person such as committee meeting, buzz session and brain
storming activity.
Public communication - conveying information to a large
audience
a. Speaker - audience communication
- talking to a large number of people who are
gathered for some occasion
b. Mass communication - whereby media organization
produce and transmit message to large public
MODELS OF COMMUNICATION
1. Transmission model - Consider as a one directional
exchange
2. Interaction Model - A process in which communicators
change roles as sender and receiver and produce meaning
by exchanging message
3. Transaction model - explain communication as a way of
creating realities based on our social, relational and cultural
backgrounds
Social context - declared rules or undeclared norms
Relational context - Involves erstwhile socialization and type
of association we have forged with other people.
Cultural context - consist of an individual's self-concept and
self-perception in relation to nationality, ethnicity, religion,
social class, race, gender, and sexual orientation
Nonverbal communication
* Paralanguage * Tactile language
* Action language * Space/ distance
* Sign language * Time
* Object language * Silence
CAUSE OF MISUNDERSTANDING IN COMMUNICATION
1. Problem in developing the message
* Indecision about the message content - Sender has too
much information on the subject
* Lack of familiarity with the situation on the receiver
* Emotional Conflicts - message has to be delivered that
would cause emotional disturbance to the receiver
* Difficulty in expressing ideas - due to lack of experience in
writing or speaking that the sender may have and cause
difficulty
2. Problem in transmitting the message
3. Problem in receiving the message
* Physical distraction - difficulty of hearing, poor eye sight
that could cause hindrance in understanding the message.
* Lack of concentration - the receiver may not have capacity
to concentrate.
4. Problems in understanding the message
* Different cultural background
* Different interpretation of words
* Different emotional reaction
WHAT MAKES COMMUNICATION NECESSARY
Communication serves as vehicle in building relationship. -
An individual does not live alone
Communication works in improving working environment -
Business processes cannot be simply done without
problems.
Communication assists in fostering strong team - strong
team cannot be formed when members of a group do not
work independently
Communication helps find appropriate solutions to
problems - The key of the solution of many problems is
communication
Communication builds greater respect
PRINCIPLES THAT GUIDE UNDERSTANDING OF
COMMUNICATION
1. Communication is transactional
2. Communication has content and relational dimensions
3. Communication can be intentional or unintentional
4. Communication is irreversible
5. Communication is unrepeatable
Ethical communication - ethics from Greek word "Ethos"
which can pertain to customs and habits
ETHICAL STANDARDS OF COMMUNICATION
1. Truthfulness and honesty - refraining from lying,
cheating, stealing and deception
2. Integrity - Maintaining a consistency of beliefs and action
3. Fairness - Achieving the right balance of interest
4. Respect - Showing regard or consideration for others and
their ideas
5. Responsibility - being accountable for one's action and
what one says.