SMK TINGGI BUKIT MERTAJAM

Section A [45 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.

1. The table below shows the number of audiences according to age, in years, that watch a horror film
for a session at a mini theatre.
Age, x Frequency
15 ≤ X < 18 14
18 ≤ X < 21 38
21 ≤ X < 27 44
27 ≤ X < 33 16
33 ≤ X < 39 6
39 ≤ X < 45 2
(a) Plot a cumulative frequency curve for the data above. [3]

(b) From the curve, estimate the median and the inter quartile range. [4]

(c) If there were 8 audiences between the ages of 15 to 17 that were mistakenly entered into the
age group of 18 to 20 years, calculate the real median. [2]

2. A school buys computers from three different companies A, B and C. The school buys 45% of the
total number of computers from company A, 35% from company B and 20% from company C.
The percentages of defective computers supplied by company A, company B and company C are 2%,
3% and 5% respectively.

(a) Draw a tree diagram to show the above statements. [3]

(b) If a computer is selected at random, what is the probability that the computer is defective? [3]

(c) If a teacher finds that a computer is defective, what is the probability that the computer is
supplied by Company A [3]

3. A school photocopier breaks down randomly at a rate of 15 times per year.

(a) Show that the probability that there will be at least 2 breakdowns in the next month is 0.355[3]
(b) Find the probability of at least 2 breakdowns in each of the next 4 months. [2]

4. In a particular fruit farm, the weights of the mangoes are normally distributed with a mean of
400 gm and a variance of 500 gm2 . Sixty samples of size 30 are taken from this population.
Find the
(a) probability that the sample mean is not more than 405 gm [3]
(b) number of samples that have sample mean not more than 405 gm [2]
(c) minimum sample mean, 9 if 5% of the sampling are of grade A. [3]

5. (a) Explain briefly what is meant by the significance level of a test. [1]
(b) The mean weight of dressed chicken sold in a certain market is 2.4 kg. The data below shows
the weights of 16 chickens.
2.18 2.32 2.69 2.79 2.66 2.78 2.75 2.39
2.35 2.79 2.89 2.77 2.76 2.88 2.86 2.89

(i) Test, at the 10% level of significance, whether the mean weight of the chicken is more than
from 2.4 kg. Assume that the data come from a normal distribution with variance 0.37 kg2.
(ii) The weights of the chicken shown above were in fact the weights of live chicken. The effect
of this is that each of the weights in the sample should be decreased by 100 g. How does this
 further information affect your conclusion in part (b)(i)? [9]

6. In particular town, a survey was conducted on a sample of 200 residents aged 41 years to 50 years.
The survey questioned these residents to discover the age at which they had left full time education
and the greatest rate of income tax that they were paying at the time of the survey. The summarized
data obtained from the survey are shown in the table.

Greatest rate of Age when leaving education (years)

income tax paid 16 or less 17 or 18 19 or more Total
Zero 32 3 4 39
Basic 102 12 17 131
Higher 17 5 8 30
Total 151 20 29 200

Use a χ 2 -test, at the 5% level of significance, to investigate whether there is an association

between age leaving education and greatest rate of income tax paid. [9]

Section B [15 marks]

Answer only one question in this section.

7. Market research has shown that the cornflakes “Delicious” is eaten by 20% of the population.

(a) Find the probability that in a random sample of 10 peoples exactly 3 peoples eat “Delicious”
cornflake. [2]

(b) Find the most likely number of people who eat “Delicious” cornflakes in a random sample of 12
peoples. [5]

(c) Find the mean and the standard deviation of the number of people who eat “Delicious” cornflakes
in a random sample of 25 people. [3]

(d) How large must a random sample be if the probability that it contains at least one person who
eats “Delicious” cornflakes is to be greater than 0.95? [5]

8. Analysis of the purchase at a snack bar over a long period shows that 55% of customers buy a hot
drink and that this figure is made up of 32% who buy coffee, 19% who buy tea and 4% who buy
chocolate. No one buys two drinks. Find the probability that at least three out of a random sample
of ten customers buy coffee, giving your answer correct to three decimal places. [4]
Find the probability that a randomly chosen customer buys coffee, given that he or she does not
buy tea. [2]

(a) Using a suitable approximation, find the probability that a random sample of 120 customers,
77 or more will buy a hot drink. [4]

(b) During a spell of cold weather, it is found that, in a random sample of 120 customers, 77 buy
a hot drink. Carry out a test, at the 5% level of significance, with null hypothesis that the
population who buy a hot drink is still 55% and with alternative hypothesis that the proportion
exceeds 55%. State your conclusion clearly. [5]
 Sub
Question Solutions and marking scheme Marks
1 a)
Cumulative frequency curve (ogive)
140

D1(scale)
120

100 +
D1(shape)
80 +
60 D1(plot)

40

20

0
0 20 40 60

1 b) Median = 21.8 (from the graph) M1

I I
Lower quartile, Q1 = 20.0 HJ K = (120) = 30L
J
M1
Upper quartile, Q3 = 25.2
M M
HJ K = J (120) = 90L
Interquartile range = 25.2 – 20.0 M1
= 5.2 A1
PQR
STU
1c) Median = 21 + O Q
V×6 M1
JJ
= 22.09
Real median = 22.09 years old A1

2 a) Given P(A) = 0.45, P(B) = 0.35, P(C) = 0.2

Let R = event that computer is
defective
YZ = event that computer is not
defective
P(R∣A)= 0.02 R – 0.0090
A
P(A) = 0.45
P(YZ ∣A)= 0.98
YZ – 0.441

R – 0.0105
P(R∣B)= 0.03
P(B) = 0.35
B D1 +
P(YZ ∣B)= 0.97 D1 +
YZ – 0.3395 D1
R – 0.0100
P(R∣C)= 0.05
P(C) = 0.20
C
P(YZ ∣C)= 0.95
YZ – 0.3395
 Then,
P(R∣A) = 0.02, P(R∣B) = 0.03,
P(R∣C) = 0.05.

P(YZ∣A) = 0.98, P(YZ∣B) = 0.97,

P(YZ∣C) = 0.95.

b) \(Y) = \(] ∩ Y) + \(_ ∩ Y) + \(` ∩ Y) M1

= 0.0090 + 0.0105 + 0.01 M1
= 0.0295 A1
c) \(] ∩ Y)
\(] ∣ Y) =
\(Y) M1
\(] ∩ Y) 0.0090
= = M1
\(] ∩ Y) + \(_ ∩ Y) + \(` ∩ Y) 0.0090 + 0.0105 + 0.01
= 0.305 A1

3(a) Let X = the number of break downs per month ,

B1
X~ Po  
 15 
 12 
\(b ≥ 2) = 1 − \(b = 0) − \(b = 1)
M1
= 1− e (1 + 1.25)
A1
−1.25

= 0.355

(b) (0.355)4 = 0.0159 accept 0.016 M1A1

4a) X ~ N( 400, 500 )

Χ ~ N( 400, )
___
500
B1
30
P( Χ ≤ 405 )
___

= P(Z ≤ )
405 − 400
M1
50
3
= P ( Z ≤ 1.225)
= 0.8897 A1

4 b) number of samples not more than 405 gm

= 0.8897 × 60 M1
= 53.38
= 53 A1
4c)
P( Χ ≥ w ) = 0.05
___

P( Z ≥
w − 400
) = 0.05 M1
50
3
w − 400
= 1.645 M1
50

A1
3
∴w = 406.72 gm
5 (a) The significance level of a hypothesis test is the probability which is used B1
to reject the null hypothesis, Ho when it is in fact true
42.75
(b) (i) x = = 2.672 B1
16
Ho : µ = 2.4 kg
B1
H1 : µ > 2.4 kg
Significance level, α = 0.10, critical region, z > 1.282 M1
Reject Ho is zcal > 1.282
2.672 − 2.4 M1
Test statistic, z =
0.37
16
A1
= 1.789
Since zcal = 1.789 > 1.282, which lies in the critical region, hence
M1
there is sufficient evidence to reject Ho. It can be concluded that the
weight of each chicken is different from 2.4 kg at 10% level of
significance.
A1
2.572 − 2.4
(ii) Test statistic, z =
0.37
16
= 1.131 A1
Since zcal = 1.131 < 1.282, which does not lie in the critical region, hence there
is insufficient evidence to reject Ho. It can be concluded that the weight of each
chicken is 2.4 kg at 10% level of significance. A1 A1

6 Ho: There is no association between age when leaving education B1

and greatest rate of income tax paid.
H1: There is an association between age when leaving education
and greatest rate of income tax paid.
29.445 3.9 5.655 M1
98.905 13.1 18.995
22.65 3 4.35
Combine column 2 and column 3
32(29.445) 7 (9.555) M1
102 (98.905) 29 (32.095) (combine)
17 (22.65) 13 (7.35)
A1
2
(O − E )
 = 0.2217 + 0.6832 + 0.0969 + 0.2985 + 1.4094 + 4.3432 M1
A1
E
= 7.0529 or 7.053
v = (3 - 1)(2 - 1) = 2 B1
Critical value = 5.991 B1
Since 7.053 > 5.991, reject Ho. there is sufficient evidence that there is
an association between age at leaving education and rate of income tax A1
paid.
7 a) Let the random variable X denotes the number of people who eat
“Delicious” cornflakes
X ~ B(10, 0.20) M1
P(X = 3) = 10C3(0.2)3(0.8)7 A1
= 0.2013
b) Recurrence formula:
h(ijikI)
=
(mSl)n
for X = 0,1,2, B1
h(ijl) (lkI)o
…, 11
Now, P(X = x + 1) > P(X = x) M1
h(ijikI) (IUSl)(q.U)
if > 1 i.e (lkI)(q.r) > 1
h(ijl)
x < 1.6
Thus, when x < 1.6, M1
P(X = x + 1) > P(X = x)
i.e. P(X = 2) > P(X = 1) > P(X = 0)

But x > 1.6

P(X = x + 1) < P(X = x)
i.e. P(X = 2) > P(X = 3) > P(X = 4) A1
> …> P(X = 12)

Hence P(X = 2) has the highest value, and so the most likely number of
people who eat “Delicious” cornflakes is 2 out of a random sample of 12. A1
c) n = 25, p = 0.2
∴ mean, t = E(X)
= np M1
= 25 x 0.2 = 5
Variance,
Var (X) = npq M1
= 25 x 0.2 x 0.8 = 4
∴ Standard deviation, v = 2 A1
d) Let n to be the size of sample
P = 0.2
P(X ≥ 1) = 1 – P(X = 0)
= 1 – nC0(0.2)0(0.8)n
= 1 – (0.8)n
but we want P(X ≥ 1) > 0.95 B1
∴ 1 – (0.8)n > 0.95
i.e. (0.8)n < 0.05
so solve (0.8)n < 0.05 M1
n log (0.8) < log 0.05
wxy q.qT
n > wxy q.r M1

A1
n > 13.4 A1
hence the sample size must be 14
8 X – number of customers who buy coffee
b~_(10, 0.32) B1
\(b ≥ 3) = 1 − \(b < 3) = 1 − [\(b = 0) + \(b = 1) + \(b = 2)] M1
=1−
z `q (0.32) (0. 68)Iq +
Iq q Iq
`I (0.32)I (0. 68){ + Iq
`U (0.32)U (0. 68)r |
M1
= 1 − 0.3313
= 0.6687 A1
≈ 0.669 (correct to 3 decimal places)

h(Š‹Œ• Ž•••‘‘ ∩’•‘• m•“ Š‹Œ “‘”)

\(~•€• ‚ƒ„„……|‡ƒ…• Kƒˆ ~•€ ˆ…‰) = h(’•‘• m•“ Š‹Œ “‘”)
h(Š‹Œ• Ž•••‘‘ ) q.MU
= = M1
h(’•‘• m•“ Š‹Œ “‘”) ISq.I{
MU
= rI = 0.395 A1

(a) Y – number of customers who buy hot drinks

•~_(120, 0.55)
K– = 120(0.55) = 66 ≥ 5
K— = 120(0.45) = 54 ≥ 5
K–— = 120(0.55)(0.45) = 29.7

With Normal approximation

•~˜(66, 29.7) B1
\(• ≥ 77) → \(• > 76.5) B1
›œ.TSœœ
= \ Hš > L M1
√U{.›
= \(š > 1.927)
= 1 − \(š < 1.927)
= 1 − ∅(1.927)
= 1 − 0.973
A1
= 0.027

(b) Ÿq : – = 0.55 B1
ŸI : – > 0.55
››
= 0.05, –̂ = IUq
0.55(0.45)
–̂ ~˜ ¢0.55, £ M1
120
Critical region :
At = 0.05, ¤…¥…‚ˆ Ÿq ¦„ § > 1.645
¨¨
Sq.TT M1
§= PQR
R.ªª(R.«ª)
= 2.018
©
PQR

A1
§ = 2.018 > 1.645
(¬¦…• ¦K ˆℎ… ‚¤¦ˆ¦‚‰¬ ¤…®¦ƒK)

Reject H0.
Sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
Thus, population proportion, p is greater than (exceeds) 0.55 at the 5% A1
significance level