Gec 006 Art Appreciation Modules

GEC 006
ART APPRECIATION
THIS MODULE IS FOR THE EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF LA SALETTE, INC. ANY FORM OF REPRODUCTION, DISTRIBUTION, UPLOADING,
OR POSTING ONLINE IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE UNIVERSITY IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. 1
WELCOME MESSAGE
Good day!
Welcome to your GEC 006 – Art Appreciation class. My name is Mr. Angelo Christopher “A.C” B.
Agcaoili, CTP, and I will be your instructor in the course. I am looking forward to a beautiful interaction
with you this semester.
The official start of this correspondence-based learning class is March 15, 2021 until June 5, 2021. It is
essential to read the GUIDE MATERIALS TO LEARNERS for guidance. All details of the course can be
found in the COURSE SYLLABUS.
The course is self-paced; however, you must keep on top of the scheduled readings and comply with the
activities within the stipulated period. Everyone must manage your own time each week to know when the
activities are due.
As you get started, I am happy to answer any inquiries or clarifications. You may call or send me a message
through mobile number 09955563789 from 7:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. during Monday to Wednesday.
I look forward to working with you this semester and getting off to a strong start!
Best regards,
ANGELO CHRISTOPHER B. AGCAOILI,CTP

Instructor
GUIDE MATERIALS TO LEARNERS
COURSE GUIDE
 It is expected that interactive learning and teaching will enrich the learning experience of all
students. Each student will work in partnership with their professor to create a positive learning
experience for all. Student engagement is a necessary condition for an active learning experience.
 Students are expected to check on the schedule for the pick-up or delivery of the course module. If
notice is not received two days before the scheduled pick-up or delivery, notify your college by the
contacts provided: College of Engineering and Architecture through SMS/Call at 09758635479 or
09615520285
 Read through the COURSE SYLLABUS, so you know the rhythm of the course, and what is
expected.Announcements from the instructor is sent through SMS to your mobile number registered
at the College of Engineering and Architecture.
 Assignments, course requirements, and activities are listed in each module. Students are expected
to pace their learning according to the posted course activities. Any activity is to be individually
done unless specified that it is a group assignment or requirement. Take note of the deadline for
submission,forabsolutely no make-up is allowed. If you need clarification on an assignment or
course requirements, ask at least 24 hours before it is due. Otherwise, you may not get an answer
in time to complete the assignment successfully.
 As a requirement for periodic summative assessment (prelim, midterm, and finals), it is required
that you provide a scanned copy of your examination permit.
 The maintenance of academic honesty and integrity is a vital concern of the university. Any student
found guilty of academic dishonesty shall be subject to both academic and disciplinary sanctions.
If you copy or substantially copy, work from anyone else on a paper, the work must be put in quotes,
and the sources cited. Otherwise, it is plagiarism. If plagiarism or other forms of academic
dishonesty are found on a course requirement, the student may be punished. Written course
requirements are subject to verification for plagiarism.
 The preferred method of communication is through the Gmail at acagcaoili19@gmail.com The
policy to return your email is within 48 hours. When sending messages, use Arial or Georgia and
use a size of 12 pt. font. Avoid using caps lock feature AS IT CAN BE INTERPRETED AS
YELLING. Limit and possibly avoid the use of emoticons like J. You may also contact the
professor by phone at 09955563789 from 7:30 am to 12:00 pm during Monday to Wednesday.
LIBRARY GUIDELINES FOR FLEXIBLE LEARNING
The Instructional Media Center (IMC) is taking action towards supporting flexible learning in the
new normal by offering the following services:
LIBRARY SERVICES
A. Online Library Services
1. Library Social Media Accounts: The Library created a social media account since many of our clients
are active online. Through the social media accounts/page links to the open educational resources or (OER)
will be posted therein. Like the page for updates regarding library services.
F. B. : ULS IMC College Dept
FB Page : ULS IMC College Department
(https://www.facebook.com/ULS-IMC-College-Department107053527731252)
Gmail : ulsimc@gmail.com
2. Open Educational Resources (OER) are teaching, learning and research materials in any medium –
digital or otherwise – that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that
permits no-cost access, use, adaptation, and redistribution others with no or limited restrictions.
OER form part of open solutions, alongside Free and open Source software (FOSS), Open Access (O.A.),
Open Data (O.D.), and crowd sourcing platforms.
Here are the links of the OER (Open Educational Resources). And it’s free and accessible.
1. https://bccampus.ca/browse-our- 7. http://www.cool4ed.org/findetextbooks
collection/find-open-textbooks
8. https://z-
2. https://openstax.org/ lib.org/?fbclid=IwAR3U1lq_Tbl7r43LGSIbk4Pe
sO96qpiBEjQdtstm_RnX-z6s0hJccwqfdvE
3. https://oasis.geneseo.edu/index.php
9.
4. https://www.chanrobles.com/virtualibrary1.htm#
https://OER.deepwebaccess.com/oer/desktop/en/ .XqJQz14zbIV
search.html\
10. https://www.cambridge.org/core/what-we-
publish/open-access
5. https://open.umn.edu/opentextbooks 11. https://www.degruyter.com/page/open-
6. http://www.archive.org/ access-books
12. https://www.doabooks.org/ 21. https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/books/
13. https://doaj.org/ 22. https://libretexts.org/
14. http://www.dost.gov.ph/knowledge- 23. https://lyryx.com/subjects/how-it-
resources/publications.html works/open-textbooks/
15. 24. https://www.nap.edu/topic/?browse=1
https://www.emerald.com/insight/search?q=open
-access%3Atrue&openAccess=true 25. https://repository.nie.edu.sg/
16. https://geekychristian.com/free-christian- 26. https://www.oapen.org/home

ebooks/ 27. https://open.umn.edu/opentextbooks
17. http://www.fao.org/publications/en/ 28. https://open.oregonstate.education/catalog/
18. https://oer.galileo.usg.edu/all-textbooks/ 29. https://journals.sagepub.com/articles/SGO
19. http://books.google.com/ 30. https://teachingcommons.us/
20. http://scholar.google.com/
3. LIS online
Open your web browser and go to ULS Website (https://uls.edu.ph/) in the menu tab, select CONNECT. In
the drop down menu, select LIS online. On the next page click Search Collection then you can search the
book that you need. If it is available in LIS online get the call no. and title of the book then send on the F.B.
Page of ULS Library (ULS IMC College Department) for borrowing of Digital copy/Scan copy or on Print.
B. Library Materials available for pick up by appointment:
 Items shelved at “Reserve section, General collection, Filipiniana section, Fictions are available
for this service.
 Not all items found in the “Reference Section” is available for these services (ex. Encyclopedia,
Dictionary, etc.) You may inquire from the librarian in this section.
Check the posted lists of available titles at “Reserve Section, General Collection, Filipiniana Section,
and Fictions” at the official Facebook Page of the Library @ ULS IMC College Department or through the
LIS online.
 Digital items and digital contents can be viewed directly online.

 The library provides remote access to FREE E-books, Journals, and internet links available at the
official facebook page of the library.
BORROWING OF BOOKS
Revised Policies for Flexible Learning
A. Students
1. Walk-in Client
 Students can borrow books for one (1) week

 2 Filipiniana/2 General collection
 Whether Filipiniana or General Collection (books borrowed should be returned on its due date). No
fines shall be implemented for over-due books with valid reasons.
2. Online Client:
 They can visit the F. B. page or email the library for the materials they need “if available for
reservation”
 The Digital Materials/Soft copy will be sent thru the F. B. page or email “if available”.
B. Faculty
1. Walk-in Client
 Faculty can borrow ten(10) books for one (1) month if the book/s has numerous copies; if limited
in number, the faculty are advised to borrow the book for one (1) week only.
2. Online Client
 They can visit the F. B. page or email the library for the materials they need “if available for
reservation.”
 The Digital Materials/Soft copy will be sent thru the F. B. page or email “if available”.
C. Requirements for the borrowing of books
 Students must present their Assessment or validation of enrollment and I.D. to the person-in-charge
for issuing borrowers’ cards.
 Students are allowed to come to the library for the borrowing of books purposes only and with
GCQ/MGCQ pass requirements.
Note: Reserve collection is for faculty users only. Members of the faculty who are working inside the
University is advice to visit the library to borrow library materials. For faculty working at home, you can
visit the F. B. page or email us for queries and reservations of available materials in the library.
D. The requirement for sending the SCAN Materials (students)
 The Person –in-charge will check on Online SIAS if the Client is enrolled for this A.Y. 2020-2021.
(1st Semester)
 The Client is advised to send his/her I.D. no for verification.
 The Client is advised to send his/her email address.
Note: reserve collection can be digitized for the users. Digital materials can be visible on the F.B. page
for 3 days only.
E. Procedures on how to Borrow a Book/s
1. Students shall request the book/s through F.B. page of library or through email
2. Students shall provide the necessary information to the person-in-charge, like title of books to be
borrowed.
3. The person-in-charge will check the book if it is available.
4. The Person-in-charge will inform the students if they can borrow the books (Digital copy or Print)
F. Library services lending policies
Distance lending policies vary depending on the availability of books to be loaned.
1. If the item is available, it will be distributed to the students within the day or two (2) days.
2. if it is unavailable at the time it was booked, we will spend u to 5 working days attempting to
source it before contacting you; library personnel will inform you through email or Messenger of
F.B. page.
3. Student can check through F.B. page and LIS online of the available list of title at the Reserve
Section, General Collection, Filipiniana Section and Fiction.
4. Other notice (recalls, overdue notices, etc.) will be sent by email or text messages.
5. Materials delivered outside Santiago is placed in an envelope for security purposes.
6. The Students is responsible for the item borrowed from the time it was delivered to him/her until
it has been retrieved at the ULS Library.
7. Students will be fined for damaged and lost items.
Returnable Items
 Books to be borrowed may be sent together with the learning packet via courier.
 Books may also be returned via courier.
COURSE SYLLABUS
Course Description
Art appreciation is a three-unit course that develops student’s ability to appreciate, analyse, and critique
works of art. Through interdisciplinary and multimodal approaches, this course equips students with a broad
knowledge of the practical, historical, philosophical, and social relevance of the arts in order to hone
students’ ability to articulate their understanding of arts. The course also develops students’ competency in
researching and curating art as well as conceptualizing, mounting, and evaluating art productions. The
course aims to develop students’ genuine appreciation for Philippine arts by providing them opportunities
to explore the diversity and richness and their rootedness in Filipino culture.
Course Learning Outcomes
At the end of the course, the student can:
 Knowledge
1. Demonstrate an understanding and appreciation of arts in general, including their function, value and
historical significance.
2. Define and demonstrate the elements and principles of design.
3. Explain and evaluate different theories of art.
4. Situate Philippine arts in a global context.
 Skills
1. Analyze and appraise works of art based on aesthetic value, historical context, tradition, and social
relevance.
2. Mount an art exhibit (concept development, production and postproduction, marketing, documentation,
critiquing).
3. Create their own works of art and curate their own production or exhibit.
4. Utilize art for self-expression and for promoting advocacies.
 Values
1. Deepen their sensitivity to self, community, and society.

2. Discover and deepen their identity through art with respect to their nationality, culture, and religion.
3. Develop an appreciation of the local arts.
Course Outline
Unit 1 – UNDERSTANDING HUMANITIES AND ART APPRECIATION
1. Humanities and Art Appreciatio
2. Basic Assumptions and Nature of Arts
3. Functions and Philosophy of Arts
4. Subject and content of art
Unit 2 – ART THROUGH THE AGES
1. Art history
2. Ancient civilization Art
3. Egyptian Art
4. Ancient Greek Art
5. The Roman and Architecture
6. Chinese Art Painting
7. Japanese Art
Unit 3 – LEARNING HOW ART IS MADE
1. Elements of Art
2. Principles of Art and Design
3. Modified Art Expression
Unit 4 – DESCRIBING THE WORLD OF ART
1. Various art of movements
2. Artist and Artisans
3. Medium and techniques in Art
Unit 5 – EXPERIENCING ART

1. Concept of Soulmaking
2. Art making process
3. Stages of art making
4. Seven (7) Da Vincian Principles
Unit 6 –LIVING WITH ART
1. The Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) National Artist (The National Living Treasure
Module 1- Humanities and Art Appreciation
Introduction:
Art is an expression made visible by any form. The presentation contained an attempt to translate
the unnamed and the unknown. Intrinsic to our existence as humans is our quest to create meaning, and Art
allows that process to take place.
This module is focused on humanities and art appreciation. Appreciating any form of art helps us
value even more the uniqueness of God’s greatest masterpiece-humans.
In this module, you will explore topics on humanities and art appreciation, basic assumption, nature,
functions, and philosophy of arts, and the difference of subject and content form artworks.
You are expected to finish this module and accomplish your task from March 15, 2021 to April 24,
2021.
Intended learning outcomes:
At the end of this module, you are expected to:
 recognize the meaning of Humanities, Art, and art appreciation;
 explain the assumptions and nature of arts;
 describe the functions of art; and
 compare and contrast the subject and content of art.
Preliminary activity
Look around your surroundings. Do you see any presence of arts? If so,
give at least three (3) insights why do you consider it as an art? Do this
in another paper. Do not forget to write your complete name and label it
with preliminary activity for module 1.
1. Humanities and Art Appreciation (Ariola, 2018)

Humanities- originated from the Renaissance Latin expression studia humanitatis,
which means “culture, refinement, education.” Humanities today include literature,
philosophy, geography, history, religion, music, and Art. These are academic disciplines
that deal with the various aspects of society and the noble in man. In short, Humanities
bring out the best and worthiness of man as a person.
Art is a subject under humanities. There is no one universal definition of Art since Art is
subjective. It is personal in the sense that people differ in their perception of an object or
thing.
Hereunder are some of the definitions of Art given by various authors and writers:
THIS MODULE IS FOR THE EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF LA SALETTE, INC. ANY FORM OF REPRODUCTION, DISTRIBUTION,
UPLOADING, OR POSTING ONLINE IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS WITHOUT THE WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE UNIVERSITY IS STRICTLY
PROHIBITED.
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 Art is derived from the Latin word “ars,” meaning ability or skill-(J.V. Estolas)
 Art is taken from the Italian word “artis” which means craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form, and
ideas between material and technique-(A.Tan)
 Art is a product of man’s need to express himself.-
(F.Zulueta)
 Art is that which brings life in harmony with the world-
(Plato)
 Art is the life that helps us to realize the truth-(Pablo
Picasso)
 Art is an attitude of spirit, a state of mind that demands for
its satisfaction and fulfilling, a shaping matter to new and
more significant form.-(John Dewey)
 Art is not what you see but what you make others see-
(Georgia ‘Keeffe)
 Art is the desire of man to express himself, to record the
action of his personality in the world he lives in.-(Amy
Lowell)
 Art is never finished, only abandoned.-(Leonardo Da Vinci)
 Art is not a handicraft. It is the transmission of feeling the artist has experienced.-(Leo Nikolaevich
Tolstoy)
 Art realizes the external form of a real idea and is traced back to that natural love of imitation, which
characterizes humans.-(Aristotle)
 Art is the conscious creation of something beautiful or meaningful using skill and imagination-(Lisa
Morder)
 Art is concerned itself with the communication of specific ideas and feelings utilizing sensuous
medium, color, sound, bronze, marble, words, and film (C. Sanchez)
Nevertheless, a glimpse of the above definitions brings us four (4) standard essentials of arts:
1. Art is human-made, not God made
2. Art is creative, not imitative
3. Art benefits and benefits man- when he uses Art in practical life through artistic principles, taste,
and skill
4. Art is expressed through a particular medium or material by which the artist communicated himself
to his fellows
Art appreciation can be defined as follows:
 The ability to interpret and understand human-made arts and enjoy them through actual work
experience with art tools and materials
 Possession of the works of art for one’s admiration and satisfaction.
 The knowledge and understanding of the general and everlasting qualities that classify all great arts
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 The introduction and exploration of visual and performing art forms.
 Analysis of the form of artwork to the general audience to enhance their enjoyment and satisfaction
of the works of art.
Importance of Art:
 Art highlights and heightens the importance of certain events
to keep them memorable and pleasurable
 Art enables us to get a glimpse of the thoughts, feelings, ad
beliefs of the people in their time and faces in the environment that
influenced them.
 a consequence of our encounter with arts
 Art may influence us to change our ways and behavior as a
result of the aesthetic experience we derived from the arts
 Arts are valuable sources of inspiration and delightful
aesthetic experience through the artist's works of Art.
According to Swara Swami (May 31, 2016), here is the list why Art is essential:
 Arts improve your creativity skills
 Arts give you joy and satisfaction.
 Arts relieve stress.
 Arts allow you to showcase your talent.
 Arts give you the confidence in performance
 Arts help you do well academically
 Arts help you learn visually
 Arts help you to express your emotions
Activity 1: Instructions: Identify what is being asked in each of the

following questions. Write your answers on the table provided below. Avoid
multiple erasures or alterations.
Name: GEC006
Course: Module 1
Instructor: A.C. B. Agcaoili Activity1
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Questions Answer
1. The knowledge and understanding of the general and everlasting qualities
that classify all great arts
2. True or false: Art is God-made, not human-made.
3. A Latin expression which means “culture, refinement, education.”
4. The Italian word means craftsmanship, skill, mastery of form, and ideas
between material and technique.
5. True or false: Art is an academic discipline that deals with the various
aspects of society and noble in man.
6. It is about seeing the impossible or unreal, whether it is an object, place,
time, etc. that is not present.
7. It is doing something meaningful with your imaginations.
8. True or false: Art is not meant to be looked at only for what it is.
9. The conscious creation of something beautiful or meaningful using skill
and imagination
10. True or false: we are all born with creativity, but imagination is learned.
2. Basic Assumptions and Nature of Arts

Basic Assumption of Arts (Leano, 2018)
The assumption is a thing that is accepted as accurate as sure to
happen, without proof. It is something that you receive as precise
without question or evidence. Many assumptions have been written
about arts, and some of these are:
 Art involves experience.
 To experience something, you have to make use of your five
senses. Hence, there can never be an appreciation of Art without
having experienced it.
 Fulfillment and consummation of an act conclude the
experience.
 Art is not in nature.
 Man and nature make the art of God. However, the character can be enhanced by man. They
improve the beauty and artistry of nature; they can be classified as art.
 Art is cultural.
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 Art is the work of humans, and anything that has been created by a human is part of the
culture. Art becomes cultural when it depicts people's way of life, religious practices, mores,
and traditions, etc.
 Art is a form of creation.
 Art is created with imagination and skill, beautiful, or that expresses important ideas or
feelings. As it is said, the human is the creator of Art. No art can be created without humans,
which uses imagination and creativity to produce Art.
Nature of arts
 Art is a diverse range of human activities.
 In creating visual, auditory, or
performing artworks, expressing the
authors imaginative or technical skill,
intended to be appreciated for their
beauty or emotional power.
 Art represents reality.
 The use of signs that stand in for and
take the place of something else.
Symbols are arranged to form semantic
constructions and express relations. So, there is a sense in which Art represents the mind’s
eye or what the imagination perceives.
 Art is an expression.
 The expression is contained in the form is an attempt to translate then unnamed and the
unknown. Intrinsic to our existence as humans are our quest to create meaning, and Art
allows that process to take place.
 Art serves as a means of communication of emotions.
 The purpose of works of art may be to communicate political, spiritual, or spiritual or
philosophical ideas, to create a sense of beauty, to explore the nature of perception, for
pleasure, or to generate strong emotions. Art is an act of expressing feelings, thoughts, and
observations of human conditions.
 Art matters.
 The arts matter because they allow us to express ourselves and illustrate the world around
us in a different light, helping us understand people and society and give hope while living
in this world. Art matters because it represents human experiences.
 Art is universal.
 Art can be found in every corner of the world. Art is everywhere, and it is embedded into
the way of life of people.
 Art is creation.
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 It combines existing material elements into new forms, which become the realization of a
preconceived idea.
Activity 2 Instructions: React on the various assumptions about art. Expound your position in
not more than 250 words.
“Man learned to draw before he can even start to talk.”

Name:______________________________________________Course:____________________
Instructor: A.C. B. Agcaoili Subject: GEC006-Module 1-Activity 2
“ Art is ageless and timeless.”
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Name:______________________________________________Course:____________________
“Artistic expression may be expressed 100% in the conscious mind.”

Name:______________________________________________Course:____________________
PROHIBITED.
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3. FUNCTIONS AND PHILOSOPHY OF ART (Leano, 2018)
Functions of Art
 Aesthetic function
 Through Art, man becomes conscious of the beauty of
nature. They benefit from their work and from those
who have done for their fellowmen.
 Utilitarian function
 Through Art, man is provided with shelter, clothing,
food, light, medicine, beautiful surroundings, personal
ornamentals, entertainment, language, transportation,
and other necessities and conveniences in life.
 Cultural function
 Through the printed matter, Art transmits and preserve skills and knowledge from one
generation to another. It makes man aware of their cultural background, making him more
knowledgeable, making their life more enduring and satisfying.
 Social function
 Through civic and graphic arts, man learns to love and help each other. International
understanding and cooperation are fostered, and nations become more unified, friendly,
cooperative, helpful, and sympathetic.
 Political function
 Art reinforces and enhances a sense of identity and ideological connection to specific
political views, political parties, and politicians.
 Educational function
 There are art symbols and signs to illustrate the knowledge and attitudes that are not
expressed in words.
 Spiritual function
 Some artworks express spiritual beliefs, customs, ceremonies, and rituals about the meaning
and destiny of life. These artworks may have religious significance.
Philosophy of Art
1) Art as “mimesis.”
 The word mimesis is a Greek word which means “imitation” or “copying” the philosophers
Plato and Aristotle spoke of mimesis as the representation of nature.
 Plato believed that all artistic creation is mimesis. It exists in the “world of ideas” and is
created by God. The tangible things that human-made are just shadows created by man’s
mind. All artists are imitations of nature.
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 Aristotle speaks of tragedy as an “imitation of an action” that falls from a higher to a lower
estate. Thus, when an artist is a skillfully select and present material, that artist is purposely
seeking to imitate or copy the action of life.
2) Art as Representation (Aristotle)
 Are represents something. When an artist uses signs and symbols to take something else, it
uses Art to represent such signs and symbols.
 It is through representation that people organize the world and reality through the act of
naming its elements. Signs and symbols are arranged to form semantic constructions and
express relations with the other things.
3) Art for Art’s sake (Kant)
 Immanuel Kant's main interest was not in Art per se, but beauty is
sublime. Kant being an enlightenment writer though that beauty
or sublimity were not properties of objects but how we respond to
items.
 Kant pointed out that beauty is not the form of the beautiful but
about the taste.
 Kant’s concern is not on the subjective aesthetic response but the
function of an individual or personal taste.
4) Art as an Escape
 According to Allen Weinstein, without mental escape, we build
up a lot of anxiety within ourselves. Artists has to get rid of this
anxiety and pressure because if we keep these worries and
concerns within our mind, they will come out in the form of anger
and even hatred.
5) Art as Functional
 The artist's intent in creating a functional piece of Art is to bring creativity, beauty, and
usefulness into people’s everyday lives.
Activity 3 Instructions: Give at least one (1) example of each function of art. Provide pictures
and describe each. Please follow the format given below in presenting your work. Use
another paper for this activity.
Name:_________________________________________________Course:____________________
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Instructor: Angelo Christopher B. Agcaoili Subject: GEC006-Module 1-Activity 3
Functions of Art
Aesthetic Utilitarian Cultural Social Political Educational Spiritual
**picture** **picture** **picture** **picture** **picture** **picture** **picture**
description description description description Description Description description
4. SUBJECT AND CONTENT OF ART

Subject of Art
 In any art from-painting, music, sculpture, architecture, or dance-there is
always a subject that serves as the foundation of creating the work of Art.
 The subject of Art is usually anything that is represented in the artwork.
It is varied-it maybe a person, object, scene, or event.
Sources of subjects
 Subjects of Art may be found in primary sources such as:
Artwork, autobiographies, the film of the artist, interviews, diaries,
speeches, documents, nature, history, mythology, Christian tradition,
sacred oriental text.
 Where to find primary sources:
Archives, catalogs, exhibits, notebooks, sketchbooks, art galleries, art
museums, art, and cultural centers.
Types of subjects
 Representational or objective arts
 Some artworks depict something easily recognized by most people. Painting, sculpture,
graphic arts, literature, and theatre arts are generally classified as representational arts,
although some paintings and sculptures are without objects. Music and dance may or may
not have subjects.
 Non-Representational or non-objective arts
 Some artworks have no resemblance to any real subject. They do not represent anything, and
they are what they are. They instead appeal directly to the senses primarily because of the
satisfying organization of their elements.
Content in Art
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 Refers to the meaning or significance and or feeling imparted by a work of Art. This is not the same
thing as the subject matter the work depicts.
 The content of Art is inextricably linked with form; form refers to the visual aspects of Art such as
word, design, and choice, abut shapes, sizes, colors, contrast, medium, soft or hard edges, and many
other decisions.
Activity 4 Instructions: Differentiate subject and content in arts by filling in the advanced
organizer presented below. Use a separate paper for this activity.
Name:______________________________________________Course:____________________
CONTENT SUBJECT
SIMILARITIES
_________________
_________________
DIFFERENCES _________________ DIFFERENCES
_________________
_______________ ____________. _______________
_______________ _______________
_______________ _______________
_______________ _______________
_______________ _______________
_______________ _______________
_______________ _______________
_______________ ____________.
.
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RUBRIC FOR ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING EXERCICES
EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING BEGINNING

CRITERIA WEIGHT (4) (3) (2) (1)
Coverage 25% All required Most of the Some of the Most of the
information is necessary information necessary data
covered, information is required is are missing and
informative, protected and covered but poorly written
and well- well written uninformative
written
Organization 10% Proper Adequate design Some Multiple
formatting, with labeled formatting formatting
sections clearly sections errors or errors or
labeled, well- missing missing
organized, sections sections
professional
style
Grammar, 25% No errors Only one or two More than two Numerous
usage, errors errors errors distract
mechanics, from
spelling understanding
Quality of 40% Fascinating, Some details vague Details Unable to find
information well- or non-supporting of somewhat specific details
researched, the subject sketchy, do not
informative, support the
supporting topic
details specific
to the subject
Final Score: ____________
Rubric for Graphic Organizer
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1 point = Weak 2 points = Moderately Weak 3 points = Average
4 points = Moderately Strong 5 points = Strong
Criteria Points
1) The graphic organizer has an appropriate title and labels.
2) The graphic organizer’s lines, boxes, and text are neat and legible.
3) The information in the graphic organizer is accurate.
4) The spelling, grammar, and punctuation of the text on the graphic organizer are
accurate.
5) The graphic organizer presents the information in a manner that is easy to follow.
6) The relationships presented in the graphic organizer are correct and precise.
7) The form in which the graphic organizer portrays the information is appropriate to
the relationships being represented.
8) The graphic organizer demonstrates an understanding of the topic, its relationships &
related concepts.
9) The graphic organizer fulfills all the requirements of the assignment.
10) Overall, the graphic organizer represents the student’s full potential.
TOTAL
SUMMARY:
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Art is not meant to be looked at only for what it is. It stimulates thought because it allows viewers
to draw their own emotions and pull from their personal experiences when viewed. It is compelling in this
way, and it naturally develops critical and innovative thinking skills. Art is a subject under humanities.
There is no one universal definition of Art since Art is subjective. It is personal in the sense that people
differ in their perception of an object or thing. From the purposes of Art, it can be concluded that there are
several ways of defining Art as there are many people, authors, and writers in the universe. Each definition
is influenced by the unique perspective of the above authors and writers and their personality and character.
Art is an expression, an expression of feeling, belief, and morality. Our lives as humans are full of
complications and complexities, and our thought and experienced feelings, ideas, and characteristics are
reflective of these complexities. As it is said, the human is the creator of Art. No art can be created without
humans which, in turn, uses the imagination and creativity to produce Art. According to the world's most
basic definition, an artist is simply a person who creates Art. Art is subjective. Henceforth, it cannot be
measured by its significance or the level of skill with which it is created. Its nature makes art only
measurable quality is whether or not it exists.
References
Textbooks
 Leano, Roman D., (2018) Art Appreciation for College Students. Mindshapers Co., Inc.
 Solmerano, Ernesto M., (2019) Art Appreciation. Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
 Ariola, Mariano M. (2018) Art Appreciation. Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing Inc.
 Devilles et al. (2018) Art sense: Sensing the Arts in the Everyday by C & E-publishing, Inc.,
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Module 2- Art through the Ages
Introduction:
In module 1, you have explored the humanities and art appreciation through the basic assumption
and nature of arts, functions, and philosophy of arts and the difference of subject and content form artworks.
By now, you are expected to have a clearer understanding of the foundations of arts and its importance to
humanity and the community.
This module is focused on Art history and ancient civilization art. It refers to the study of objects
of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts. The study may include paintings, sculpture,
architecture, ceramics, furniture, and other decorative objects. The genre, design, format, and style in arts
are studied historically.
This module will help you recognize and appreciate the contributions of ancient civilization art in
the historical development of arts from the present time.
You are expected to finish this module and accomplish your task from March 15, 2021 to April 24,
2021.
 cite major art contributions of various civilizations;
 create a timeline to summarize the historical perspective of arts in ancient civilization; and
 design an artwork from one of the ancient art civilizations.
Time machine!
Given the chance to go back from the history, in what ancient civilization do you
want to experience arts and why? You can share your ideas with your classmates
through tele-collaborative learning. Do this in another paper. Do not forget to
write your complete name and label it with preliminary activity for module 2.
1. Art History
 Refers to the study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts. The study
may include paintings, sculpture, architecture, ceramics, furniture, and other decorative objects. The
genre, design, format, and style in arts are studied historically.
 Cave paintings are also known as “parietal art.” They have painted drawings on cave walls or
ceilings, mainly of prehistoric origin, dated to some 4,000 years ago (around 38,000 BCE) in
Eurasia.
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 The paintings are remarkably similar worldwide, with animals being common subjects that give the
most impressive images. Humans mainly appear as images of hands, mostly hand stencils made by
blowing pigment on a handheld to the wall.
The world’s oldest figurative artwork, which Mulberry-hand colored stencils are superimposed over
was discovered in Borneo is at least 40,000 older reddish or orange hand stencils in this
years old-Luc Henri Fage Indonesian cave art.-Kinez Riza
2. Ancient Civilization Art

 First started in Mesopotamia, as the region attained its development, other city-states existed.
Famous of which is the Sumerian city-state. Religious buildings and temples were established, and
their cultural arts flourished. The beginnings of monumental architecture in Mesopotamia are
usually considered contemporary with the founding of the Sumerian cities and the invention of
writing in about 3100 BCE.
2.1 Egyptian art
 Egyptian art focuses on the afterlife through pyramids and tomb painting. Egyptian art remained
unchanged for 3,000 years, which coincides with their obsession with immortality. Their biggest
concern was assuring a comfortable afterlife for their rulers who they viewed as Gods.
 The Egyptian period produced literature, medical science, and higher mathematics, helping maintain
its first large scale unified state.
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The Tomb
 “Ka”: spiritual entity, an aspect of the individual, believed to live
within the body during life and to survive it after death.
 The Paintings and Hieroglyphics (formal writing system) tell the
story of the deceased’s life & activities.
 Portrait statues as an alternative dwelling place in case the mummified
corpse deteriorated.
Sculpture and Paintings
 The human body is depicted with a front view of the eye and shoulders
and profile view of the head, arms, and legs.
Tutankhamun’s Tomb  The size of the figure signifies the rank, and the statues made of granite
and diorite
Architecture
 The Great Pyramid of Giza, also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops, is
the oldest and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza pyramid complex bordering what is now
El Giza, Egypt.
 The pyramids were meant to house the pharaoh’s bodies and serve reminders of their almighty
power.
 One of the essential changes in architecture was the disappearance of the pyramids. The
pyramids had failed to protect the royal burial from the robbery.
 One of the most beautiful temples is the Deir el-Bahari, it was built about 1470 by the famous
Queen Hatshepsut.
Deir el-Bahari
The Great Pyramid of Giza
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Gods of Egypt
 The Gods, too, needed proper care. Their temples were built as grand palaces, with stables, orchards
and farmlands and staff of attendants. Rulers prided themselves on what they had done to improve the
shrines of the Gods.
2.2 Ancient Greek Art

 The arts of ancient Greece have exercised an enormous influence on the culture of many
countries worldwide, particularly in the areas of sculpture and architecture.
 Forms of art developed at different speeds in different parts of the Greek world, and as in any
age, some artists worked in more innovative styles than others.
Three Main Period
1. Archaic Period
The earliest period in Greek Sculpture which started around 600 B.C. and lasted until 480 B.C. These
works have a stiff and ridged appearance similar to that of the Egyptian sculpture.
2. Classical Period
 Shows a massive shift from the stiff Archaic to a more realistic and sometimes romantic
portrayal of the human figure. Females, after the 5th century B.C., were depicted nude, often
with flowing robes. The robes gave the sculpture the idea of movement and realism in an
effort by the artist to show humans more naturally and realistically.
3. Hellenistic Period
 The Greeks portrayed a young, vigorous, and athletic person in their works. These works
idealized the individual and, in a way, attempted to capture the idea of youth and strength in
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their design. The results reflect the commonly held views of youth, strength, courage, and
beauty, encouraged in the Greek City-states.
Sculpture
 The Greeks were blessed with a large supply of marble, which was
what they used most in their sculptures. Bronze was also used in their
artistic work of humans.
 Gods and goddesses, athletes, philosophers, and political leaders
were sculpted as idealized figures. Greeks believed that the perfection
of the soul was mirrored in the physical embodiment. The Greeks had a
good knowledge of anatomy, and they paid great attention to the
accuracy of the details, especially the muscles.
Artemission Bronze Pottery

 The range of colors that could be used on pots was restricted
by the technology of firing: black, white, red, and yellow
were the most common.
 They are usually in Human figures, animals, ornamental
shapes, and geometric patterns.
The figures were always painted so that they and their story fitted the
shape of the vase and still linear.
Storage Jar with Herakles Attacking a Centaur; Attributed to the Medea
Group (Greek (Attic), active 530 – 510 B.C.); Athens, Greece; 530 –
520 B.C.; Terracotta;
Architecture
 Greek life was dominated by religion, and so it is not surprising that the temples of ancient Greece
built to honor their gods were the biggest and most beautiful. They also had a political purpose as
they were often made to celebrate civic power and pride or to offer thanksgiving to the patron deity
of a city for success in war.
 The Greeks developed three architectural systems, called orders, each with their distinctive
proportions and detailing. The Greek orders are Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. Doric style Ionic style
Corinthian style.
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Greek Orders Greek temple
2.3 Chinese Art

 Chinese art has continuously changed, and each of the many
periods in its long history has its distinct character; and the
Chinese believed that their deceased ancestors have a spiritual
form of existence that gives them access to the gods.
 Much of the early information about Chinese art comes from
royal tombs. These yielded rich treasures such as lacquered
items, paintings, sculptures in wood, stone, jade, bronze, etc.
 The Chinese follow Confucian respect for age, authority, and
morality after Confucius’ teachings (perfect harmony and
human heartedness).
Painting Chinese Landscape Painting
 Landscape painting was regarded as the highest form

of Chinese painting, and they also consider the three
concepts of their arts: Nature, Heaven, and
Humankind (Yin-Yang)
 Chinese art expresses the human understanding of
the relationship between nature and humans, and this
might be called the metaphysical, Daoist aspect of
Chinese painting.
 Painting subjects and themes are usually flowers and
birds, landscapes, palaces and temples, human
Figures, animals, bamboos, and Stones. Calligraphy
 Calligraphy is the art of beautiful handwriting. In calligraphy, the popular materials which paintings
are made of are paper and silk.
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Qi Baishi (1877-1957)
 considered one of the great Chinese Painters. Focusing
mainly on flowers, birds, fish, and insects, Qi gives his brush
the kind of independence that very few artists dare to
experiment with. His swift, sure, spontaneous brushstrokes
usually perfected only at an old age, turned Qi into China's
most celebrated modern artist, and indeed one of the world’s
greatest painters. Qi Baishi is the Picasso of China.
 Qis art conveys a slightly awkward air, which is the essence of his appeal. Qis mature style emerged
only in the 1920s after moving to Beijing; he was only fully recognized at the old age of sixty but
continued to create and produced his greatest masterpieces during his seventies and eighties. He died
in Beijing on September 16, 1957, at the age of 94.
Sculpture and Pottery
 The Chinese were masters of bronze, jade, and
ceramics. Decorative subjects made of these materials are
among Chinas’ most significant contributions to the world of
art.
 Bronze metalwork is the most extraordinary art form
of ancient china. The excellent bronze ag of China lasted
from the Shang (1523-1000’s B.C.) to the Han Dynasty.
During the Shang dynasty, bronzes were used for ritual
purposes. Bronze shapes and designs become more
elaborate, especially those produced in the northern city of
Anyang, the last Shang capital.
Bronze Jar Zhou Dynasty
 Jade is a hard, beautiful stone that was highly valued by the Chinese. Jade ornaments and sculptures
are found at many at first burial sites.
 Chinese potters learned to control the temperatures of their kilns to refine clays and to make perfect
glazes. A glaze is a glossy coat that helps the ceramics waterproof and enhances their appearances.
These techniques enabled them to produce ceramics that were admired worldwide.
 Chinese sculptures are objected to be buried with the dead. The most impressive collection of sculptures
was found near the tomb of Shi Huangdi, the 1st emperor of China. Pits near the tomb held some 7,000
life-size Terra Cotta pottery sculptures of foot soldiers, charioteers, officers, and horses. The sculptures
were intended to protect the emperor after death.
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Ancient Jade in China Terracotta soldiers at Qin Shi Huangdi Tomb
2.4 Japanese Art

 Japanese art covers a wide range of art styles and media,
including ancient pottery, sculpture in wood and bronze,
ink painting on silk and paper, calligraphy, ceramics,
architecture, oil painting, literature, drama, and music.
 Japanese art dates from around 10,000 BC. Most oriental
and eastern art incorporates various styles and types such as
ink painting, pottery, and sculpture.
Painting
 One of Japan’s oldest art forms, and probably it most popular. Like China, It began as simple stick
figures decorating silk, paper, and pottery, and developed into a way of expressing centuries of cultural
and political evolution.
 Screen printing is often thought of as one of the most characteristics forms of Japanese art. Most
especially popular by handscrolls that contained text and paintings.
 Woodblock prints were first used in japan to reproduce religious text and images. Woodblock printing
is a technique for printing text, images, or patterns used. This method was adopted in Japan during the
Edo period (1603-1867) and became one of their oldest and most highly developed visual arts.
 The artist Hokusai and Hiroshige are acknowledged as the greatest masters of the landscape print. Their
works generally feature views of scenic national landmarks such as Mount Fuji.
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Woodblock print of Mt. Fuji Screen painting in Japan
Sculpture and Pottery

 Most sculptures made before the mid-1800s were objects of worship displayed in temples and shrines.
Statues of Gods of Buddhism and the native Shinto religion were most common.
 The earliest sculptures were made of clay. Small clay figurines resembling humans and animals have
been found in Neolithic sites. Large clay figurines were placed around the great mounded tombs of
powerful rulers. These figures were of men, women, animals, and even boats and houses.
 One of the most impressive gilt bronze statues is a 52-foot (16 meters) seated Buddha in Todaiji, a
temple in the City of Nara.
 Japan has one of the oldest ceramic traditions in the world. All Japanese ceramics were either
earthenware or stoneware. Earthenware is a reddish, non-waterproof ware that is fired at low
temperatures while pottery is harder ware fired at a high temperature and often glazed.
 The rise during the 1500s of tea drinking ritual known as the tea ceremony stimulated the growth of
ceramic production. A wide range of shapes, sizes, and glazes developed in response to the
requirements of the tea ceremony.
Earthenware ceramics Stoneware ceramics
Japan’s Crafts
Daruma Dolls
 These are spherical dolls with red bodies and white faces without pupils. They represent Bodhidharma,
an East Indian who founded Zen about 1500 years ago; according to legend, he removed his eyelids to
prevent sleep from breaking his concentration, and his limbs withered after prolonged meditation.
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Daruma dolls are charms to bring good fortune, continued prosperity, and fortitude to accomplish goals.
Usually, daruma dolls are purchased without eyes.
Kokeshi Dolls
 They have been made for 150 years. They were initially created as toys for children of farmers. They
have no arms or legs, but a large head and cylindrical body, representing little girls. From a simple toy,
it has now become a famous Japanese craft, and now an established souvenir for tourists.
Ikebana Origami
Ikebana
 The Japanese art of flower arrangement. It is more than simply putting flowers in a container. It is a
disciplined art form in which the structure is a living thing where nature and humanity are brought
together. One tries to represent the three elements sky, earth, and humanity in a well-balanced relation.
Origami
 The traditional Japanese art of paper folding. It has since evolved into a modern art form. The goal of
this art is to transform a flat sheet of paper into a finished sculpture through folding and sculpting
techniques, and as such, the use of cuts or glue is not considered to be origami.
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Activity 1
Instructions: Read and research more about the selected ancient civilization art,
then identify at least five (5) art contributions of these civilizations and write it
down on their respective columns given below: use a separate paper for this
activity.
Name:______________________________________________Course:____________________
Ancient Egypt Ancient Greece Ancient Rome Ancient China Ancient Japan
Activity 2
Instruction: Make an outline of the historical perspective in Ancient Civilization art based on the unit
lecture using a timeline. You may also provide additional information not presented in this module. You
can use creativity and imagination to present your work. An example is given below to give you an idea of
how you will make your activity. Use a separate paper for this activity. Do not forget to write your complete
name and label it with activity 2 for module 2.
Activity 3
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Instructions: Search on the different paper folding known as the “Origami.” Then choose and craft five (5)
origami of your own. Take a photo of the finished crafts and paste it on a separate paper. Make also a short
video of yourself of at least one (1) minute in doing your artwork. Then submit your video presentation
with this email artappreciation06@gmail.com or through your flash drive with the given sample file format
( agcaoili_BSTM_origami).
Activity 4
Instructions: Design your Japanese art flower arrangement known as the “Ikebana.” Then take a selfie
with your output and put a caption from it. Use your creativity and imagination to do your artwork. Use a
separate paper for this activity. Do not forget to write your name and label it with activity 4 for module 2.
Rubric for Grading Individual Art Projects

Points Creativity/Originality (x 9 pts.) Craftsmanship/Skill (x 9 pts.) Effort/Perserverance (x 7
pts.)
4 The student explored several choices The artwork was beautiful and The project was continued until
before Selecting one, generated patiently done; it was as good as it was complete as the student
many ideas, tried unusual hard work could make it. could make it; gave it effort far
combinations or changes, used beyond that required.
problem-solving skills.
3 The student tried a few ideas before With a little more effort, the work The student worked hard and
selecting one or based his/her work could have been outstanding; completed the project, but with a
on someone. lacks the finishing touches. bit more effort, it might have
been outstanding.
2 The studied an idea, but it lacked The student showed average The student finished the project,
originality, might have copied work, craftsmanship, adequate, but not but it could have been improved
substituted “symbols” for personal as good as possible, a bit careless. with more effort, chose an easy
expression. task, and did it indifferently.
1 The student fulfilled the The student showed average The project was completed with
requirements of the assignment but craftsmanship, lack of pride in minimum effort
gave no evidence of trying anything finished work
unusual.
0 The student showed no evidence of The student showed poor The student did not finish the
original thought craftsmanship; evidence of work adequately
laziness or lack of understanding
CRITERIA WEIGHT EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING BEGINNING
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(4) (3) (2) (1)
information is necessary essential required data is
covered, information is information is missing and
informative, and covered and well- covered but poorly written
well-written written uninformative
Organization 10% Proper Adequate design with Some formatting Multiple

formatting, labeled sections errors or missing formatting
sections clearly sections errors or
labeled, well missing sections
organized,
professional style
Grammar, 25% No errors Only one or two More than two Numerous errors
usage, errors errors distract from
mechanics, understanding
spelling
Quality of 40% Attractive, well Some details vague or Details Unable to find
information researched, non-supporting of the somewhat specific details
informative, subject sketchy, do not
supporting support the topic
details specific to
the subject
Summary
Art history refers to the study of objects of art in their historical development and stylistic contexts.
The study may include paintings, sculpture, architecture, ceramics, furniture, and other decorative objects.
The genre, design, format, and style in arts are studied historically.
The ancient civilization art first started in Mesopotamia; as the region attained its development,
other city-states existed. Egyptian art focuses on the afterlife through pyramids and tomb painting. Egyptian
art remained unchanged for 3,000 years, which coincides with their obsession with immortality. The arts of
ancient Greece have exercised an enormous influence on the culture of many countries worldwide,
particularly in the areas of sculpture and architecture. There were three main periods during this time the
Archaic, classical and Hellenistic era. Chinese art has continuously changed, and each of the many periods
in its long history has its distinct character; and the Chinese believed that their deceased ancestors have a
spiritual form of existence that gives them access to the gods. Japanese art covers a wide range of art styles
and media, including ancient pottery, sculpture in wood and bronze, ink painting on silk and paper,
calligraphy, ceramics, architecture, oil painting, literature, drama, and music.
References:
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Textbooks
 Leano, Roman D., (2018) Art Appreciation for College Students. Mindshapers Co., Inc.
 Solmerano, Ernesto M., (2019) Art Appreciation. Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
 Ariola, Mariano M. (2018) Art Appreciation. Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing Inc.
 Devilles et al. (2018) Art sense: Sensing the Arts in the Everyday by C & E-publishing, Inc.,
Links
 https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/science/2018/11/07/cave-art-worlds-oldest-paintings-animals-
discovered-borneo/1922195002/
 http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/special s/treasure-wars/rosetta-stone-tw/
 https://www.slideshare.net/RodriguezArt/egyptian-art-14705439?qid=145a4af2-42c7-4d04-abf6-
ad2947663706&v=&b=&from_search=4
 https://www.slideshare.net/DarvinAbraham/ancient-greek-civilization-art-and-architecture?qid=d5f3cb1e-
28bf-4e19-91a2-3da587bb38d8&v=&b=&from_search=10
 https://www.slideshare.net/Gari125/art-of-china-42069577
 https://www.slideshare.net/gisereyrocks/chinese-art-26314666
 slideshare.net/gisereyrocks/japanese-art-26314593
 https://www.slideshare.net/charlene143/arts-of-japan?next_slideshow=1
 https://www.slideshare.net/top8vivien/japan-38838226
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MODULE 3- LEARNING HOW ART IS MADE
Introduction:
Before beginning any work of art, every artist needs to keep in mind that every composition starts
with an idea. To use the design principles effectively, it is necessary that the artist have an idea to express
or an objective in mind. This is vital to the success of any art work. Without a clear objective, even the most
conscientious attention to the principles of good design, will result in uninteresting work. However, with
an idea clearly in mind a beautiful composition can emerge. Every artist’s goal should be to create a
composition in their work that is both unified and interesting to look at.
In this module, you will explore topics on Elements and Principles of Design and Modified Art
Expression.
You are expected to finish this module and accomplish your task from March 29, 2021, to May 7,
2021. Completed activities submitted after May 7, 2021 will no longer be considered.
- create an artwork depicting the various principles of design;
- explain the significance of the Elements of Art; and
- cite examples of Modified Art Expression.
Preliminary Activity
Which of the following do you consider as art? Defend your answer in not more than 150 words and use
the space provided below.
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_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
The elements of art are the basic components of art-making. It is impossible to create work of art without
using at least one of the seven elements of art. In order to be successful in art creation, an artist must be
able to intelligently use the elements of art. Artwork can also be analysed according to the use of the
elements in a work of art. The elements of art are the building blocks of all art. Every piece of art ever
created includes one or more of these elements.
1. LINE- a line is an element of art. It is a mark made upon a surface. In order to be a line, the mark’s
length must be longer than its width. There are many different types of lines, including horizontal,
vertical, wavy, diagonal, and more. Line may be two or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or
abstract. Line is an important element at the disposal of every artist. Lines always have direction.
A. Straight line- a straight line is the basic framework of many forms, but it lacks softness and
flexibility.
B. Horizontal- are lines that denotes repose and serenity. Horizontal lines are found in reclining
persons, in landscape, calm bodies of water and in the distant meeting of the earth and sky which is
called horizon. Parallel to the horizon suggest calmness and quiet, a relaxed comfort. They
accentuate width stable and secure. They convey an absence of conflict, a restful peace.
Application of horizontal line in arts
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C. Vertical- are lines that denote action. They suggest poise, balance, force, aspiration, exaltation, and
dynamism. Vertical lines also tend to express as well as arouse emotions of exaltation and in
quietude. The Gothic Cathedrals express the aforementioned sentiments that possessed the soul of
northern Europe- Middle Ages.
Application of vertical lines in art
D. Diagonal- suggest action, life, and movement. Almost every object in action assumes a diagonal
line. As masters in any art try to perfect their technique, they are able to work more or less
instinctively, and they begin to express themselves more and more through the freedom, buoyancy,
and grace of curved lines.
Application of diagonal lines in art
E. Curved line- suggest grace, subtleness, direction, instability, movement, flexibility, joyousness, and
grace. The restrained curved lines exemplified in the woman’s body and the bamboo stem where
according to Philippine legend, man and woman sprang by Carlos “Botong” Francisco.
Soft, sweep and turn gracefully between end points. They bend, they change direction can be calm
or dynamic depending on how much they curve.
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F. Crooked or jagged- express energy, violence, conflict, and struggle.
2. COLOR- Has the most aesthetic appeal of all the elements of visual arts. Delight in color is a
universal human characteristics. Color is a property of light. The light of the sun contains all the
colors of the spectrum: violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red. It is the product of light
reflected off objects. We see different colors because of light’s various intrinsic qualities,
specifically, because of its different wavelengths. In visual arts, the relationship of colors is best
seen in a color wheel.
THREE DIMENSIONS OF COLOR
A. Hue- Is the dimension of color that gives its name. Color names such
as red, blue, green, violet, and yellow indicate hue.
Primary Hues - blue, red, and yellow
Secondary hues - orange, green, and violet
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B. Value- Sometimes called chiaroscuro. Refers to the lightness or darkness of a color. It is a quality
which depends on the amount of light and dark in color. They give the expression of depth and
solidity and lend form to paintings
o Tints - are values above the normal
o Shades - are values below the normal
Examples:
Pink is a tint of red Sky blue is a tint
Maroon is a shade of red Navy blue is a shade
Tint
Shades
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CHIAROSCURO- A technique in painting which is defined by a strong contrast between light and dark.
The use of strong contrasts between light and dark, usually bold contrasts affecting a whole composition.
C. Intensity- Refers to the brightness or darkness. It gives color strength. Differences in intensity may
INTENSITY is like the PURENESS of a Color. The Property of Color being Bright.Yellow is a
light color. Then, it has a light value.Blue can be a dark color, so, blue is in a darker value. But pure
blue and pure yellow has the same intensity.be described as full intensity, two-thirds intensity, and
two-thirds neutral.
1. RELATED COLOR HARMONIES

May either be monochromatic or adjacent.
a. Monochromatic harmony- is made up of several tones of one hue, like for instance orange, tan,
brown, and other tones from the orange family. Simplest and easiest to use
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b. Adjacent or neighbouring harmony- Two or three neighbouring colors on the color circle are used
together. Good adjacent harmonies can be produced by using other groups of neighbouring colors
like yellow, orange, and red or orange, red, and violet.
2. CONTRASTED COLOR HARMONIES- Colors which lie directly opposite each other in the color
circle are called complementary colors. Red and green, orange and blue, violet and yellow are
complementary colors. They contrast with each other strongly; therefore, they are more difficult to use
harmoniously than the related color combinations.
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TYPES CONTRASTED COLOR HARMONIES
Complementary Harmony- A color scheme that uses 1 color plus it’s opposite on the color wheel. This
object spins around to any color, it’s complement should be directly opposite. It can also move in (adding
white) and out (adding black) while retaining its structure.
Double complementary- A color scheme that uses 4 hues, including two adjacent hues and their respective
complements. (e.g. yellow, yellow-orange, purple and blue- purple. This object spins around to any four
color combination hues. It can also move in (adding white) and out (adding black) while retaining this
structure. A color combination using four colors arranged into two complementary pairs.
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Split complementary- A color scheme that uses 3 hues which include a base hue and the two hues on either
side of its complement. This object spins around to any three color combination hues. It can also move in
(adding white) and out (adding black) while retaining this structure. Any three colors wherein two of which
are beside the complement of the third color. One hue plus two others equally spaced from its complement.
Triad- A color scheme that uses 3 hues which are each 1/3 around the color wheel. This object spins around
to any three combination hues, while retaining this structure. Each arm can move in (adding white) or out
(adding black). The two arms that are not the base color can move independent of it while retaining this
structure. Moving the base hue in or out, adjusts the two other hues proportionately. Three colors that form
an equilateral triangle in a color wheel.
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Tetrad- A color scheme that uses 2 base hues which are 1 color apart and include their complements. (e.g.,
red, green, yellow and purple). This object spins around to any four color combination hues. It can also
move in (adding white) and out (adding black) while retaining this structure.
3. TEXTURE- During the 19th to 20th centuries, a high premium was placed on very smooth surfaces
and forms. A group of painters including Cezzane, Picasso, and others emphasized texture by
purposely making portions of the paintings rough. Texture is being used by sculptors, architecture,
paintings, and any other forms of art.
 It is an element that deals more directly with the sense of touch. Also, it is best appreciated when an
object is touched with our hands.
 It is the perceived surface quality of a work of art.
 It is an element of two-dimensional and three-dimensional designs and is distinguished by its
perceived visual and physical properties.
 Use of texture, along with other elements of design, can convey a variety of messages and emotions.
Two varieties of texture:
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Physical Visual
Examples of texture:
Smooth Rough
4. PERSPECTIVE- from the Latin: “perspicere” means to see through, deals with the effect of
distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of which the EYE judges spatial relationships. It
is important in painting because volume is to be presented on a two dimensional surface.
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TWO KINDS OF PERSPECTIVE
Linear Perspective
• is the representation of an appearance of distance by means of converging lines.
Aerial Perspective
• is the representation of relative distances of
objects by gradations of tone and color.
Examples of perspective:
5. SPACE
 refers to distances or areas around, between or within components of a piece.
 Space can be positive (white or light) or negative (black or dark),
open or closed, shallow or deep and two-dimensional or three-dimensional.
 Sometimes space isn't actually within a piece, but the illusion of it is.
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Examples of Space in Sculpture:
6. FORM
 applies to the overall design of a work of art. It describes the
structure or shape of an object.
 directs the movement of the eyes.
 Since form consists of size and volume, it signifies visual weight.
 Applies to the overall design of a work of art.
 Form consists of size and volume.
 Includes height, width and depth.
 Form generally refers to sculpture, 3D design and architecture but
may also relate to the illusion of 3D on a 2D surface
 Good architecture allows outward forms to be governed by what goes on inside them.
7. VOLUME
 Refers to the amount of space occupied in three dimensions.
 We perceive volume in two ways: by contour lines, outlines, or shapes of objects, and by surface
lights and shadows.
 Volume is the primary concern of architects because a building always encloses a space.
 The viewer, therefore, may obtain not one but many different impressions from a single work.
 The sculptor is also concerned with the volume.
 In painting, volume is an illusion because the surface of the canvas is flat.
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Examples of Volume:
ACTIVITY 1. Answer the following questions below. Write you answers on the provided space per item.
1. Why is element of art important for an artist?
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2. How can these Elements help you to create your own work of art?
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3. Are these Elements visible in your everyday life? Give at least three (3) manifestations.
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4. Is it possible to create an Art without using any Elements of Art?
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5. In your opinion, what will you consider as the most important Element of Art? why?
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Design makes it easier for an artist to express his ideas in such a way that the observer becomes interested
in his work. It makes objects in our environment more comprehensible.
For example:
 sculpture organizes the human or animal form
 architecture organizes space through the arrangement of the
parts of a building, both interior and exterior in order to produce
a pleasing and interesting pattern
1. Pattern- is the uniform repetition of any elements of art or any
combination thereof. Anything can be turned into a pattern
through repetition.
2. Harmony- is the principle which produces an impression of unity through the selection and
arrangement of consistent object or ideas. It is the quality which unifies every part of an
arrangement. If there is harmony, there is order.
a. Harmony of lines and shapes. Lines are made harmonious by either repeating the shape of the
lines or by connecting transitional lines to contrasting lines. A transitional line or merely
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transition is usually a curved, graceful line which connects two opposing or contrasting lines.
The latter are straight lines which intersect each other and form angles. Lines made in this
manner are called contrasting or opposing lines. Contradiction, strictly speaking, is a form of
transition, but because it is not harmonious it may be classified under the lines in contrast.
Contradiction is straight line connecting two opposing lines diagonally.
If a small rectangle is placed within a bigger rectangle so that their sides are parallel, the resulting
figure is an example of repetition. Repetition shows harmony. Rugs and large furniture should
therefore follow the lines of the room. Objects used in setting a dining table should be arranged
parallel to the edge of the table. Curtains must be parallel to the door and window frames, and
picture frames parallel to studdings. If the corner of a building and the level of the ground are in
contrast and not harmonious, transitional lines are necessary to soften the opposing lines. This
can be done by planting shrubs at the corner and sides of the building.
b. Harmony of size. Harmony of size refers to good proportion.
c. Harmony of color. Creating harmony of color means using two or more colors in decorating an
article or object. It does not mean the mixing of colors. A girl, for instance, may use three colors
in her dress, that is the blouse may be pink, the skirt is dark red, and the buttons on the blouse is
dark red. There are two standards or groups of colors harmonies; related harmonies and
contrasting harmonies.
d. Harmony of texture. The character of texture can be determined by feeling the object with the
fingertips or by looking at it. Coarse textures should not be combined with fine texture.
e. Harmony of idea. Combining antique and modern furniture in the same room does not show
harmony of idea. A store window displaying dresses, hardware and school supplies would be a
very poor display.
3. Rhythm and Movement- In design, it is a regular, uniform,

related visual movement made through the repetition of a unit
of motif. A unit or motif is a dominant feature or part repeated
in a design or decoration. Repetition of a unit creates a feeling
of movement of rhythm. All structural elements may be
repeated to suggest movement. Rhythm and movement usually
goes together in the principles of design. When there is a
rhythm, there is a movement.
4. Balance- Balance gives a feeling of stability and rest. All the parts should be equally distributed
around a center point. Weights are equally distributed around a center or fulcrum.
a. Symmetrical Balance- Achieved by making both sides exactly alike. Gives an atmosphere of
dignity and formality. It is the balance of visual weights placed at equal distance from the axis.
b. Asymmetrical Balance- is the balance of unequal visual weights, the heavier one being nearer
the axis and the lighter one farther. Sometimes referred to occult balance and free balance.
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5. Emphasis- Is the principle of art which tends
to carry the eyes from the center of interest or dominant
part of any composition to the less important or
subordinate part. The most essential factor in emphasis
is simplicity.
Methods of Emphasizing Objects
a. By arrangement or grouping of objects- If
objects are grouped together, the one to emphasize
should be located at the center and should not be the
biggest and brightest color.
b. By decoration- objects which have done decorations are given more emphasis than those without
them.
c. By color contrast- contrasting colors such as the complementary combination and the triads are
more emphatic than analogous or any other related harmonies.
6. Unity- You want your painting to feel unified

such that all the elements fits together
comfortably. Too much unity creates monotony,
too much variety creates chaos, you need both.
7. Novelty of Newness- A new style of dress
appears more attractive and interesting than
ordinary dress design. Novelty provides the best
opportunity for developing one’s creative
ability.
8. Utility, Adaptability, or Function- a work of art must not only possess beauty but utility. The
object must be adaptable to the purpose for which it is made. This is especially true to all practical
arts. In designing modern structures, function is now the first consideration.
9. Contrast- this art principle is synonymous to opposition or contradiction. It has some relationships
with balance and emphasis. Two contrasting lines or colors may balance each other. The center of
interest in a composition. Nature provides many examples of contrasting objects. For instance, the
colors of flowers contrast the color of leaves.
The rule of thirds
The rule of thirds is also called the “rule of thumb.” This is a guideline which appears to the process of
composing visual images like designs, films, paintings, and photographs. The guideline proposes that an
image must be imagined as divided into nine equal parts by two equally spaced horizontal lines and two
equally spaced vertical lines. Compositional elements should be placed along these lines or their
intersections.
The proponents of this technique claim that aligning a subject with these points creates more tension,
energy, and intent in the composition than simply centering the subject.
ACTIVITY 2. Create your own artwork depicting all the Principles of Design mentioned above. You may
use, crayons, pastel colors, poster paints and etc. You can only use oslo paper for this activity.
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MODIFIED ART EXPRESSION
It is a range of techniques, manipulating and experimenting with all aspects of the works. This can be done
by calligraphic text, deconstructed books, intricately hand-cut paper, and recycled and re-sculptured
materials. Modified art expression is a fascinating collection of artworks that demonstrates each artist’s
personal interrelation of the texts, transforming literary works into visual ones and creating powerful new
forms of expression.
Transcreation (creative translation)
This is the process of adapting a message from one language to another while maintaining its intent, style,
tone, and content. A message that was successfully transcreated evokes the same emotions and carries the
same implications in the target languages as it does in the source language. Nowadays, transcreation is
widely used in global marketing and advertising campaign as advertisers seed to transcend the boundaries
of culture and language. Transcreation takes account of images which are used within a creative message
to ensure that they are suitable for the target local market.
In other words, transcreation is taking the essence of a message and re-creating it is another language or
dialect.
Purpose of Transcreation
The purpose of transcreation is to transfer the intent, style, vocal tone, and emotional salience of the message
from the source language to that of the targeted audience. To do this process, it requires expertise in
marketing, linguistic skills and knowledge of targeted cultures. This, to produce effective transcreation,
local language copywriters need to have extensive knowledge of their market, excellent language skills and
the ability to creativity adapt message for the target market.
Transcreation and Translation
These two terms are not identical but related processes. In translation, a word for word translation is
inadequate. The best translation takes into account the vocabulary, grammar, syntax, idiom and local ways
of the target audience while remaining faithful to the text as well as to the context of the original document.
On the other hand, transcreation expands the translation by focusing not so much as the literal text but on
discerning the emotional response by viewers in the source language and working to elicit the same response
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from viewers in the target market. In short, transcreation is taking a concept in one language, and completely
recreating it in another language.
1. Transcreation of text to music
In novel or poetry, one can generate music with emotional feeling. Example: Recite the poem “Tree” by
Joyce Kilmer and transcreate it to music.
2. Transcreation of text to dance
It’s using a dialogue or text to influence and enhance dance performance. According to Karin Barber, when
words are uttered it captures a prominent instance in the performance. She further said that “the text is a
permanent artifact, handwritten or printed, while the performance is the unique, never-to-be-repeated
realization of the text, a realization that ‘brings the text to life’ but which is itself doomed to die on the
breach in which it is uttered.
3. Transcreation of dance to visual art
The great majority of the evidence for dance occurred in Ancient Greek which come from visual art.
Sculptures and paintings on pots represented dancers. Relief sculpture in tombs included scenes of dancer.
The canon for artistic representation was in place because the deceased and his or her family needed to be
depicted in a very specific way in order to activate the magic that transported them to the next world.
ACTIVITY 3. Cite at least three (3) examples of each kind of transcreation.

Cite at least three (3) examples each.
Transcreation of text to music
Transcreation of text to dance
Transcreation of dance to visual art
References
Textbooks
 Leano, Roman D., (2018) Art Appreciation for College Students. Mindshapers Co., Inc.
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MODULE 4- DESCRIBING THE WORLD OF ART
Introduction:
Art movement refers to the tendency of style in art that has a specific common philosophy or goal.
Art movement is followed by a group of artists during a restricted period of time with the heyday of such
movement.
Art movements are very important in modern art when “each consecutive movement is considered
a new avant-garde.
Before the industrial revolution, virtually everything was made by artisans, from goldsmiths,
blacksmiths, locksmiths, gunsmiths) to weavers, dyers, carpenters, potters, etc. The other distinctions of
Artist and Artisan it is very often blurred since many farmers paint, and many sculptors farm or have other
jobs. Most walls are carved, most houses have decorative motifs. Art is everywhere. To them, it is the act
of the creation of beautiful things.
In this module, you will explore topics on the Various Movements in Art, Artist and Artisans and
the Medium and Techniques in Art. You are expected to finish this module and accomplish your task from
March 29, 2021, to May 7, 2020. Completed activities submitted after May 7, 2021 will no longer be
considered.
- cite examples of the Various Movements in Arts
- create a vertical bubble timeline that displays the Various Movements in Arts
- compare and contrast Artist and Artisan
- recognize the contributions of the GAMABA Awardees
- cite examples of Mediums and Techniques in Art
PREMININARY ACTIVITY
Do you consider yourself an artist? What are the things that you are able to make or do to consider
yourself one? Give at least three (3) examples and explain why you consider them a form of art.
Defend your answer in not more than 150 words.
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1. VARIOUS ARTS MOVEMENTS
Art movement refers to the tendency of style in art that has a specific common philosophy or goal.
Art movement is followed by a group of artists during a restricted period of time with the heyday of
such movement.
Art movements are very important in modern art when “each consecutive movement is considered
a new avant-garde.
 Cave Paintings (Parietal Art) - These are painted
drawings on a cave or walls or ceilings, mainly of
prehistoric origin, dated to some 40, 000 years
(around 38, 000 BCE) in Eurasia. The exact purpose
of Paleolithic cave paintings is not known. Evidence
suggests that they were merely decorations of living
areas since the caves in which they have been not
found do not have signs of ongoing habitation. They
are also often located in areas of caves that are not easily accessible. Some theories hold that
cave paintings may have been a way of communicating with others, while other theories ascribe
a religious or ceremonial purpose to them. The paintings are remarkably similar around the
world, with animals being common subjects that give the most impressive images. Humans
mainly appear as images of hands, mostly hand stencils made by blowing pigment on a hand
held to the wall.
 Ancient Egyptian Art - Visual arts like paintings, sculpture, architecture, and other arts were
produced by the civilization of ancient Egypt in the lower Nile Valley from about 3,000 BC to
30 AD. Ancient Egyptian art reached a high level in painting and sculpture, and was both highly
stylized and symbolic. It was famously conservative, and Egyptian styles changed remarkably
little over more than three thousand years. Much of the surviving art comes from tombs and
monuments and thus there is an emphasis on life after death and the preservation of knowledge
of the past. Ancient Egyptian art included paintings, sculpture in wood, stone and ceramics,
drawings on papyrus, faience, jewellery, ivories, and other art media. It displays an
extraordinarily vivid representation of the ancient Egyptian’s socio-economic status and belief
systems.
 Greek Art - Greek art began in a Cycladic and Minoan civilization and gave birth to Western
classical art in the subsequent Geometric, Archaic and Classical periods (with further
development during Hellenistic Period). It absorbed influences of Eastern civilizations, of
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Roman art and its patrons, and the new religion of Orthodox Christianity in the Byzantine era
and absorbed Italian and European ideas during the period of Romanticism (with the
invigoration of the Greek Revolution), until Modernist and Postmodernist. Greek Art is mainly
five forms: architecture, sculpture, painting, pottery and jewelry making. The art of ancient
Greece has exercised an enormous influence on the culture of many countries from ancient times
until the present, particularly in the areas of sculpture and architecture. In the West, the art of
the Roman Empire was largely derived froin Greek models. In the East, Alexander the Great’s
conquests initiated several centuries of exchange between Greek, Central Asian and Indian
cultures, resulting in Greco-Buddhist art, with ramifications as far as Japan. Following the
Renaissance in Europe, the humanist aesthetic and the high technical standards of Greek art
inspired generations of European artists. Pottery was either blue with black designs or black with
blue designs.
 Roman Art - the prehistoric Roman Art encompasses two periods, Etruscan Period (2000-1000
BC). The subject matter of paintings was ancestor worship, catacombs, and sarcophages. In the
Roman Period (2000BC-400AD), art was characterized by commemorative statue, sarcophage,
frescoes, and design with vine motifs. Art in these periods served the cult of ancestors and defied
emperors. Roman Art includes architectures, paintings, sculpture, and mosaic work. Luxury
objects in metal-work, gem engraving, ivory carvings, and glassware sometimes considered in
modern terms to be minor forms of Roman art although this would not necessarily have been
the case for contemporaries. Sculpture was perhaps considered as the highest form of art by
Romans, but figure paintings was also very highly regarded. The two forms have had very
contrasting rates of survival, with a very large body of sculpture surviving from about the 1 st
century BC onward, though very little from before, but very little painting at all remains, and
probably nothing that a contemporary would have considered to be of the highest quality.
Ancient Roman pottery was not a luxury product, but a vast production of “fine wares” in terra
sigillata were decorated with reliefs that reflected the latest taste and provided a large group in
society with stylish objects at what was evidently an affordable price. Roman coins were an
important means of propaganda and have survived in enormous numbers.
 Chinese Paintings - the traditional painting involves essentially the same techniques as
calligraphy and is done with a brush dipped in black ink or colored pigments; oils are not used.
As with calligraphy, the most popular materials on which paintings are made are paper and silk.
The finished work can be mounted on scrolls, such as hanging scrolls or hand scrolls. Traditional
painting can also be done on album sheets, walls, lacquer ware, folding screens, and other media.
 Japanese Painting (most highly refined visual arts) - the Japanese painting encompasses a
wide variety of genres and styles. The long history of Japanese painting exhibits synthesis.
Japanese painting (kaiga, also gado) is one of the oldest and most highly refined of the Japanese
visual arts, encompassing a wide variety of genres and styles. As with the history of Japanese
arts in general, the long history of Japanese painting exhibits synthesis and competition between
native Japanese aesthetics and the adaptation of imported ideas, mainly from Chinese painting
which was especially influential at a number of points; significant Western influence only comes
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for the later 16th century onwards, beginning at the same time as Japanese art was influencing
that of the West. In Japan, there were 158 works or sets of works in painting listed in the official
List of National Treasures. These works were done in the 8th to the 9th century that includes a
number of Chinese paintings which have long been in Japan. These painting works represent
peaks of achievement or very rare survival from early period in Japan.
 Renaissance Art (noblest of ancient traditions) - Renaissance art emerged as a distinct style
in Italy in about 1400. Renaissance art took as its foundation the art of classical antiquity but
later transformed that tradition by absorbing recent development in the art of northern Europe
by applying contemporary scientific knowledge.
The Renaissance is divided into three (3) periods.
1. Early Renaissance 13-14th century
- Early renaissance placed emphasis on simplicity gesture and expression. Painting depicted man and
nature in Fresco technique.
- Early renaissance art was created in parallel with late medieval art. The influences upon the
development of renaissance men and women in the early 15th century are those that also affected
Philosophy, Literature, Architecture, Theology, Science, Government, and other aspects of society.
2. High Renaissance 16th Century
- Its center was in Florence, Venice and Roman Painting style consists of the deepening of pictorial
space, making the sky more dramatic with dark and flashes of light. Da Vinci introduced the
chiaroscuro. Michelangelo dramatized the position figures in his famous contrapuesto twists.
3. Mannerism Period (Late Renaissance Period)-the human figure is rendered through the use of oil
paints of sumptuous, warm, and sensual colors. This period which existed around 1520 and lasted
about the end of the 16th century in Italy, when the Baroque style began to replace it. Northern
Mannerism continued into the early 17th century.
 Mannerism Art - this is known as the Late Renaissance Period which started in 1520 and continued
up to the 17th century. In this art, there are a variety of approaches influenced by famous artists such
as Leonardo da Vinci, Raffaelo Sanzio and Michelangelo. High Renaissance Art (mannerism)
emphasized the principles of art and design such as proportion, became an ideal beauty. Mannerism
exaggerates crush qualities of art design often resulting in compositions that are asymmetrical or
unnaturally elegant. The style is notable for its intellectual sophistication as well as its artificial (as
opposed to naturalistic) qualities. It favors compositional tension and instability rather than the
balance and clarity of earlier Renaissance painting. Mannerism in literature and music is notable for
its highly florid a style and intellectual sophistication.
 Baroque Art (highly ornate and extravagant style of art) – this art flourished on Europe in the
early 17th century up to late 18th century. Paintings in the Baroque period are ornate and fantastic.
They appeal to the emotion, are sensual and highly decorative. They make use of light and shadow
to produce dramatic effects. The paintings show figures in diagonal, twists, and zigzags. Famous
painters in this period include Peter Paul Rubens, Rembrandt, El Greco, Diego Velasquez, and
Bartolome Esteban Murillo. Baroque started in the 17th century. It depicted the beauty of art and
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stressed on the expression of emotion. The works of Gian Lorenzo Bermini and the La Piedad of
Gregorio Fernandez, a famous Spanish sculptor, were representatives of Baroque sculpture.
 Rococo Art (graceful style in art) - rococo started in the 18th century in France during the reign of
King Louis XV. This art quickly spread to other parts of Europe particular Bavaria, Austria,
Germany, and Russia. Rococo Painting placed emphasis voluptuousness and picturesque and
intimate presentation of farm and country. The Rococo art technique made use of soft pastel colors,
rendering the landscape smoking and hazy with the subject always in the center of the canvas.
Rococo architects took a different approach from a lavishly decorated architecture which appeared
in Rome and Spain. The exteriors of Rococo buildings are often simple, while the interiors are
entirely dominated by heir ornament. The style was highly theatrical, designed to impress and awe
at first sight. Floor plans of churches were often complex, featuring interlocking ovals; in palaces,
grand stairways became centrepieces, and offered different points of view of the decoration.
 Neo-Classicism Art (based on simplicity and symmetry in art) - this art movement started in
Rome in the Mid-18th century. Neoclassicism was considered the “highest rank given to Western
movements in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture. The main
neoclassical movement occurred in the 18th century which coincided with the Age of Enlightenment
and continued until the 19th century. In the fields of architecture, the art style continued up to the
21st century.
 Neo-impression (science-based interpretation of urban and rural scenes) – This art movement
was coined by a French art critic Felix Feneon in 1886 when he described the art movement founded
by George Seurat.
 Impressionism (accurate depiction of light in the ordinary subject matter) – This art movement
originated from a group of Paris-based artists where independent exhibitions brought them to
prominence during the 1870s and 1880s. The impressionistic art during the 19th century was
characterized by relatively small, than and yet visible brush strokes, open composition, as well as
emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities or ordinary subject matter.
 Post-impressionism (emphasized abstract qualities or symbolic content of art) – this art
movement roughly began between 1888 and 1905. Post impressionism encompasses neo-
impressionism, symbolism, synthetism, cloisonnism, along with later impressionists. Paul Cezanne
was the father of post-impressionism. Among the post-impressionists were Paul Gauguin, Vincent
Van Gogh, and George Seurat. Post-impressionism art movement likewise encompasses a wide
range of stylistic variations focused on abstract form and pattern when paint is applied to the canvass
surface. Structure, order and optical effects of color dominated the post impressionist’s aesthetic
vision. This movement also depicts art in bright colors show the artist’s feelings and moods. Images
were often distorted disregarding the natural colors. (www.theearthstory.org/movement). Examples
of this art is Vincent Van Gogh’s “starry night” (Ariola, 2014) but the most important post
impressionism art was the “Vision after the Sermon” designed by artist Paul Gauguin in 1888.
 Art Noveau (emphasis on natural forms and structure) – This art movement was most popular
sometime in 1890 and 1910 but after 1910 this movement was replaced by architectural and
decorative style known as Art Deco and then by Modernism. This art noveau ( New Art in English)
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is an innovative style of modern art that become popular sometime in 1890 to 1914. This kind of art
movement was very useful in architecture, applied art and decorative arts. Its typical decorative flat
patterns mostly curvaceous in shape is in line with its philosophy of applying artistic design to
everyday objects as part of the everyday life. These artistic designs were especially depicted on
birds, flowers, insects, hair, and curvaceous bodies of beautiful women – an indication of making
beautiful things in environment available to everyone.
 Fauvism (extremely bright color art works) –
Fauvism was the first important art movement of the
1990’s. The fauves flourished as a group only from
1903 to 1907 but their style greatly influenced many
later artists. Henri Matisse led the movement. The
fauves did not attempt to express ethical,
philosophical, physiological themes. They used
extremely bright colors. To fauve, for example, a tree
trunk need not be brown. It could be bright red,
purple, or any another vibrant color.
 Expressionism (spiritual rebirth in a materialistic age) – Expressionism was introduced in
Germany during the first decade of the 20th century. It has casts its influence on European artists
from 1910 up to the present. It also seemed to have influenced the playwrights in English and
Filipino in the Philippines. As can be seen on the work of Amelia Lapena Bonifacio “Sepang Loca”
(1958). The exponents of expressionism believed in the necessity of a spiritual rebirth for man in
age that was becoming influenced by materialism, Paul Dumal’s “ Paglilitis ni Mang Serapio”
(1969) and Reuel Aguila’s “ Mapait sa Bao” are plays which depicted the idea of rebirth of the
individual as possible only within the context of the transformation of the entire society. The
emotional expressions is expressionists paintings can be described as involving pathos, morbidity,
violence, or chaos, and tragedy. It also sometimes portray defeat.
 Cubism (emphasis in the use of geometrical shapes) – It
takes the abstract form through the use of cone, cylinder, or
sphere at the expense of other pictorial elements. Cubists want
to show form in their basic geometrical shapes. Paul Cezanne’s
works played an important part in the development of cubism.
It was further developed by Georges Braque of France and
Pablo Picasso of Spain.
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 Futurism (emphasis is on modern society) – Futurism
developed in Italy about the same time cubism appeared in
France. Futurists’ painters wanted their works to capture the
speed and force of modern industrial society. Their paintings
glorified the mechanical energy of modern life. Subjects
included automobiles, motorcycles, and railroad trains
subjects that express the explosive vitality of modern city.
 Abstractionism (texture and shapes are more important than real-life objects) –
Abstractionism is used when the artist becomes so interested in one phase of a scene or a situation
that he does not show the subject at all as an objective reality, but only his idea or his feelings about
it. The picture is not just lifelike. It is rendered not realistic.
o Abstract can be represented through the following:
a) Distortion. This is clearly manifested when the subject is in misshapen condition or the regular shape
is twisted.
b) Elongation. It refers to the lengthening of a subject (protraction or extension).
c) Mangling. This may not be a common way of representing an abstract subject, but there are a few
artists who show subjects or objects which are cut, lacerated, mutilated, or hacked with repeated
blows.
 Dadaism (art is playful and highly experimental) – Dadaism is a protest
movement in the arts formed in 1916 by a group of artists and poets in Zurich,
Switzerland. The Dadaist reacted to what they believed were utworn traditions
in art and the evils they saw in society. They tried to shock and provoke the
public with outrageous pieces of writing, poetry recitals, and art exhibitions.
Much dadaic art was playful and highly experimental. The name “dada”, is a
French word meaning “hobby horse,” was deliberately chosen because it was
nonsense. Perhaps the best known Dadaist was the French artist Marcel
Duchamp.
 Surrealism (art is weapon against evil and
restrictions in society) – the surrealist movement was
founded in Paris in 1924 by the French poet Andre
Breton. Unlike Dadaism, it tries to reveal a new and
higher reality than that of daily life. Surrealism is an
invented word meaning, “Super Realism.” The
movement was influenced by the Freudian psychology
which emphasizes the activities of the subconscious state
of mind. Subjects of this movement attempt to show what
is inside man’s mind as well as the appearance of this
outside world. The surrealists declares that a magical world more beautiful than the real one.
Benjamin Mendoza, a Bolivian painter, is well known in presenting violent and cruel surrealist
paintings.Constructivism (as an art) – Constructivism started as early as the 20th century in Russia.
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As an art, this is applied in the construction of social evils existing in the present society. It is
contrasted with surrealism. Surrealism art emphasizes what is inside a man’s mind. In
constructivism, it emphasizes the reconstruction of the evils of what society has done to man.
 De Still or Neoplasticism (emphasis is pure abstraction using only black, white, and primary
colors) – This art movement was founded in 1917 in Leiden, Netherlands. The Dutch term for De
Still is the “The Style.” Proponents advocated pure abstraction and universality by a reduction to
the essentials of form and color, they simplified visual compositions to vertical and horizontal, usinf
only black, white and primary colors.
 Abstract Expressionism (characterized by large
canvasses and strong color) – This is a style of
abstract painting that originated in New York after
World War II and gained an international vogue. In
a painting, the artists applied paint rapidly, and with
force to their huge canvases in an effort to show
feelings and emotions, painting gesturally, non-
geometrically, sometimes applying paint with large
brushes, sometimes dripping or even throwing it
into the canvas.The techniques could be splattering, squirting, and dribbling paint with no pre-
planned design.
 Optical Art (uses optical illusion created in black and white) – Optical Art is op art for short. Op
Art works in abstract, with many better known pieces created in black and white. Typically, they
give the viewer the impression of movement, hidden images, flashing, vibrating patterns, or swelling
or warping.
 Pop Art (uses images of popular culture, as opposed to elitism) – it started in Britain and the
United States during the mid-to-late 1950’s. This movement challenged the traditions to fine arts by
including imagery from popular mass culture, such as advertising, comic books, and mundane
cultural objects. The main artists who shaped the movement are Eduardo Paolozzi, Richard
Hamilton in Britain, Larry Rivers, Robert Rauschenberg and Jasper Johns. Pop Art often takes
imagery in advertising, labeling, logos one example is the Campbell’s Soup Cans by Andy Warhol.
 Post-Minimalism (artists use unprocessed materials) – This art movement emerged in the late
1970’s. It employs variety of arts such as body art, process art, conceptual arts and performance arts.
The post minimalist artists use materials that are unprocessed, uncomposed, and sagged instead of
using industrial and fabricated materials. The most prominent example was “Untitled” by Eva
Hesse.
 Conceptual Art (conceptualism) - Some works of conceptual art, sometimes called installations,
may be constructed by anyone simply by following a set of written instructions. In conceptual art
the idea or concept is the most important aspect of the work. Tony Godfrey the author of Conceptual
Art. He asserts that conceptual art questions the nature of art. Art should examine its own nature.
But artist Mel Bochner opposed the epithet “conceptual”, it is not always entirely clear what
“concept” refers to, and it runs the risk of being confused with “intention”.
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 Photorealism (reproduce the image realistically as possible) – It is a genre of art that
encompasses Painting, drawing, and other graphic media, in which an artist studies a photograph
and then attempts to reproduce the image as realistically as possible in another medium. It is also
used to refer a specifically group of paintings and painters of the American art movement began in
the late 1960’s to early 70’s.
 Body Art (emphasis is on human body) – is a form of body painting, using the body as a canvass
or artwork employing color pigments for cultural motives. Face painting, body painting, and tattoo
art are forms of body art that dates back from prehistoric times.
 Land Art (emphasis is on earth materials) – is an art movement known as “earthworks”, “Earth
Art” or “Landscape art” that started in America in the 1960’s by developing man’s awareness of his
relationship with his environment through “thought-provoking construction” of art works, that uses
materials such as stone, rocks and clay. The purpose of these artworks is to touch the sensibilities
of man towards the environment.
VARIOUS ART EXAMPLE BRIEF DESCRIPTION

MOVEMENTS
1. *insert picture
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
 Performance Art (use of bodies and voices to convey artistic expression) – it is an art form that
emerged in the 70’s in America. This art is expressed in many forms such as dance, music, video,
drama, painting, and film. The artist performs his art at live audiences. It can be performed in such
mediums as music and dance, recitation, fashion, juggling, tumbling as a small scale event spectacle.
ACTIVITY 1. Instructions: Give at least one (1) example of each art movement. Provide
pictures and describe each. Follow the format below in accomplishing your work.
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ACTIVITY 2. Instructions: Construct a comprehensive vertical bubble chart timeline on
the Various Movements in Art.
Examples of a Vertical Bubble Chart Timeline:
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2. ART AND ARTISAN
3. ART AND
Before the THErevolution everything was made by artisans, from goldsmiths,
industrial
ARTISAN
blacksmiths, locksmiths, gunsmiths to weavers, dyers, carpenters, potters, etc. In other distinction
of Artist and Artisans it is very often blurred since many farmers paint, many sculptors farm or have
other jobs. Most walls are carved, most houses have decorative motifs. Art is everywhere to them
the4.actART AND
of creation THE
of beautiful things.
ARTISAN
Artist
- is dedicated only to the creative side, making visually pleasing work only for the enjoyment an
5. ART of the
appreciation AND THEwith no functional value.
viewer, but
ARTISAN
- makes arts and once that the art is made they make more.
- they often present it to the art world professional dealers, gallery owners, curators, consultants or
any so-called agents who sell art for a living.
- the goal is to survive in a style that allows you to continue making art.
- when the artist don’t survive by making and selling his art he might consider having another job
aside from being an artist.
Artisan
- is essentially a manual worker who makes items with his or her hands, and who through skill,
experience and talent can create things of great beauty as well being functional.
- May produce decorative or utilitarian arts, such as quilts or baskets.
- He is a craftsperson but not the one who invented the original form.
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- Can also be someone who designs but does not work in art forms or with materials traditionally
associated with the so-called fine arts such as paintings and sculpture, instead fashion jewelry, forge
iron, blow glass and objects of his own devising.
ACTIVITY 3. Instructions: Compare and contrast Artist and Artisan using an H chart.
Please use the exact H chart that is given below.
Artist Artisan
3. Medium and Techniques in Art
A medium is the material used by an artist to express his/her feelings or thoughts. He normally selects
materials than can be handled with ease that would suit his plan and adequately bring out the qualities he
wants to show. The artists must love, respect, and understand his medium to make it easier for him to expand
his knowledge and improve his skill in his chosen area.
The artist thinks, feels, and gives shape to his vision in terms of his medium. When an artist chooses a
particular medium, he believes that his choice can best express the idea he wants to convey. At times, an
artist employs more than one medium to give meaning to his creative production.
The medium of arts is classified into the visual arts and the auditory arts, or both.
Visual arts are those whose mediums that can be seen and which occupy space. Visual arts are grouped into
two classes:
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1. The dimensional art or two-dimensional arts (2D) which include painting, drawing, printmaking and
photography;
2. The three-dimensional arts (3D) which include sculpture, architecture, landscape, industrial designs
and crafts like furniture. Auditory arts are those whose mediums can be heard and which are
expressed in time.
Example of auditory art is music, the art of arranging sounds in time so as to produce a continuous,
unified and evocative composition, as through melody, harmony, rhythm, and timbre. It maybe
vocal or instrumental, possessing a degree of melody, harmony, or rhythm.
3. Both visual and auditory are those whose mediums can be both seen and heard and which exist in
both space and time.
Technique is the manner in which the artist controls his medium to achieve the desired effect and
the ability which he fulfills the technical requirements of his particular work of art.
TECHNIQUES RELATED TO PAINTINGS
Some of the techniques used by the artist in painting are as follows:
1. Encaustic – the medium for the powdered color is hot wax which is painted onto a wood surface
with a brush. It is then smoothed with a metal instrument resembling a spoon, and then blended and
set over a flame to soften and set the colors into the wood. This method produces durable colors and
permits sculptural modeling of the paint surface. Because of the wax medium, the colors are semi-
translucent and look fresh and lively. This technique is rarely used today.
2. Fresco Secco – in the dry plaster or “fresco secco” technique, pigments are usually mixed with
water, although other substances might also be used. The paint is then applied to a dry plaster wall
which has been wetted down with water. Since the plaster is relatively dry, it is non-absorbent, and
the pigment adheres to the surface of the plaster. The colors tend to flake off the surface of the
plaster. The colors have a harder and more brilliant appearance and tend to be lighter in value than
those in tri fresco. Advantages of the technique are that the painting can be done more slowly and
carefully, and chances can be made simply by over-painting, since colors are opaque. Example is
the Egyptian mural.
3. Fresco – this is also known as “Buon Fresco” or True Fresco, which entails painting on freshly
spread, moist plaster. First, layers of plaster area applied to the surface. While the final later is still
wet, the artist applies the colors, which are earth pigments mixed with water. The colors penetrate
the wet plaster and combine chemically with it, producing a painted surface which does not peel
when exposed to moisture. As the paint must be painted on wet plaster, the amount of plaster which
may be put down at one time is limited to what can be painted at one sitting. Often lines can be seen
in frescos around an area which was one day’s work. The painting must be done rapidly and without
mistakes. It produces a mat surface with fairly desaturated colors. This technique was perfected in
renaissance Italy. Examples include roman wall paintings at Pompeii, 1st century A.D; Giottos’s
Arena Chapel at Padua, 14th century; Michaelangelo’s Sistine Chapel ceiling, 16th century.
4. Egg Tempera – in this method, the pigment is mixed with egg yolk or both the yolk and white of
an egg. It is thinned with water and applied to a gesso ground (plaster mixed with a binding) on a
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panel. It was also used on parchment or paper to illustrate or embellish books in the era before the
15th century development of the printing press. This type of painting dries very quickly and produces
an opaque, matte surface. The colors tend to dry to a lighter value than they appear when wet. The
colors produced are bright and saturated. Modeling is achieved by hatching. Egg tempera was used
for panel painting until the 15th century. Example of artist who worked in egg tempera include
Cimabue (14th Century); Duccio (14th Century); Andrew Wyeth (20th Century). Islamic and
medieval miniature paintings in books and manuscripts are another important class of egg tempera
paintings; the Celtic Book of Kells is a well-known early example, as is the Book of Hours
commissioned by the Duc du Berry in the 14th century.
5. Mosaic – the design is created by small pieces of colored
glass, stone, or ceramic (called Tesserae), embedded in
wet mortar which has been spread over the surface to be
decorated. Their slightly irregular placement on a surface
creates a very lively, reflective surface when viewed at a
distance. This was often used to decorate walls, floors,
and ceilings.
6. Oil Paint – prior to the 15th century oil paints were thick and hard to control, so they were initially
used only for utilitarian purposes. In the 15th century turpentine was discovered to be an effective
thinning agent. The Van Eyck brothers were credited with perfecting technique of oil painting,
which they initially attempted to keep secret.
Powdered colors are mixed with a fine oil, usually linseed oil. A solvent, traditionally turpentine, is
also used to thin colors as desired, so that the paint can be applied thickly and opaquely, or thinly
and transparently. The oil paint is applied to a prepared ground, usally a stretched canvas with a
coating of neutral pigment. The earliest technique of oil painting involved building up layers of
color, moving form darker to lighter values. Fine brushes were used, and a glossy smooth finish was
achieved. When applied in this way, the colors are somewhat translucent, so that the darker layers
of color below added depth and luminosity to the surface and permitted a remarkable degree of
realism. Jan van Eyck (15th c.), Hands Holbein the younger (16th c., above), Bouguereau (19th c.),
and Salvador Dali (20th c.) are among the artists who worked in this manner. Other artists came to
discover that because of its slow drying, oil paints could actually be re-worked on the surface to
blend colors, and when applied thickly, with a larger brush or palette knife, could also add real
surface texture to the image. This technique of applying oils lent itself to more expressive, dramatic
effects in which details was less important than total effect. Artists who worked in this way include
Rembrandt, (17th Century); Monet (19th century), Cezanne (19th century, above), William de
Kooning, (20th Century).
7. Water Color – powdered pigments are mixed with gum-arabic or a similar substance that will help
them adhere to a surface. The artist then mixed them with water and applies them to a ground,
usually paper, with a soft brush. The final effect is that of translucent washes of color. This method
was the most important method of painting in china and japan from an early date, but did not become
popular with European artists until after the 16th century. Chinese and Japanese painting techniques
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have had a great deal of influence on modern watercolorists. Examples: Albrecht Durer, 16th
century; John Marin, 20th century. Below is an example of watercolor painting.
8. Acrylic – acrylics are artificial compounds developed in the twentieth century. The binder used
includes water, and the paints can be thinned with water, but once the paints dry, they have a glossy,
permanent surface that resembles the surface created by oils. These paints can create most of the
effects accomplished in oils, and have the advantage of not requiring the use of turpentine, which is
toxic. The major disadvantage of acrylics is that unless a retarding agent is mixed into the paint, it
will dry much more quickly. Since many artists prefer to be able to re-work the colors, many prefers
oils to acrylics. However, many modern artists do choose acrylics.
9. Collage – the work “collage” comes from the French verb “coller” meaning “to paste.” In this
technique photographs, news clippings or other objects are pasted on the painting surface and may
be combined with painted areas. The cuttings and objects may be selected for their associative or
representational values, or for the formal and textural qualities of the result. This technique was first
accepted as a legitimate medium that could augment or be substituted for painting in fine arts in this
century. One of the first examples was executed by Pablo Picasso. Other artists using this technique
include Braque, Max Ernst, and Kurt Schwitter.
10. Drawing – The materials and methods of drawing are the most basic tools of the artist and the
designer. Work that is intended to be executed in almost any material—paint, stone, steel, or fabric
– may first be envisioned in a drawing. However, this basic character of drawing skills may tend to
trivialize what can be a highly developed art in its own right. However, there are some characteristics
of drawing that make it particularly attractive to the artist in many situations. First, drawing materials
are very portable. Therefore, it is possible to bring these materials out of the studio, to the subject,
or to the workplace or the client, wherever the artist wishes to use his ability to make images. Also
since the materials are so portable at a minimum, a sketch pad and a pencil or pen- drawings tend to
have a kind immediacy, and an intimate quality that cannot often be seen in painting or printmaking.
It is possible to capture the candid moment, the action, or the mood, without the obtrusive
paraphernalia required for other methods. When used in this way, the drawing may also be a more
economical way to capture an idea that may simply remain a drawing, or may later be developed in
the studio in another medium.
11. Printmaking – A print is anything printed on a surface that is a direct result from the duplication
process. Ordinarily, painting or graphic image done in a black ink on white appear and becomes the
artist’s plate. Advantage of printmaking is the process of making copies of the original drawing.
The Five Major Types of Prints are:
a) Relief – Relief prints are made by removing material from the matrix, the surface the image has
been carved into, which is often word, linoleum, or metal. The remaining surface is covered with
ink or pigment, and the paper is pressed onto the surface, picking up the ink. Letterpress is a relief
printing process that transfers ink to paper but also indents an impression into the surface of the
paper, creating a texture to the print that is often considered a sign of high quality.
b) Intaglio prints – they are made when a design is scratched into a matrix, usually a metal plate.
Ink is wiped across the surface, and collects in the scratches. Excess ink is wiped off and paper is
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pressed onto the plate, picking up the ink from the scratches. Intaglio prints may also include
texture.
c) Stencil prints – they are made by passing inks through a porous fine mesh matrix.
d) Woodcut – this kind of technique of printing designs from planks of wood incised parallel to the
vertical axis of the wood’s grain. It is one of the oldest methods of making prints from a relief
surface, having been used in China to decorate textiles since the 5th century. In Europe, printing
from wood block on textiles was known from the early 14th century, but it had little development
until paper began to be manufactured in France and Germany at the end of the 14 th century. Cuts
with heavy outline and little shading, as the Christ Before Herod, may date from 1400, while the
earliest dated print of German origin is the St. Christopher print of 1423 from the Buxheim
Monastery. In Bavaria, Australia, and Bohemia, religious images and playing cards were first made
from wood blocks in the early 15th century, and the development of printing from movable type
led to widespread use of woodcut illustrations in the Netherlands and in Italy. With the 16th century,
black-line woodcut reached its greatest perfection. In the early 19th century it was replaced by
wood engraving, which reproduced paintings and sculpture more easily and accurately than did
woodcuts.
e) Engraving – In engraving, the design in cut into metal with a graver or bruin. The bruin is steel
rod with a square or lozenge-shaped section and a slightly bent shank. The cutting is accomplished
by pushing the burin into the metal plate. The deeper it penetrates into the metal, the wider the
line; variations in depth create the swelling tapering character of the engraved line. After the
engraving is finished, the slight burr raised by the graver is cleaned off with a scraper.
THE GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN AWARD (GAMABA)

Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Awards or GAMABA is an award that acknowledges folk and
indigenous artists who, despite the modern times. Remain true to their traditions. It is administered by the
National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) through Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan Committee.
GAMABA began as a project of the Philippine Rotary Clun Makati-Ayala. In 1992, it was adopted
by the government and institutionalized through Republic Act No. 7335. This awards aims to support and
motivate these artists to preserve their artistic heritage for the present and future generations. These artists
are also recognized as the country’s National Living Treasures.
As a group, these folk and traditional artists reflect the diverse heritage and cultural traditions that
transcend their beginnings to become part of our national character. As Filipinos, they bring age-old
customs, crafts and ways of living to the attention and appreciation of Filipino life. They provide us with a
vision of ourselves and of our nation, a vision we might be able to realize someday, once we are given the
opportunity to be true to ourselves as these artists have remained truthful to their art. They are out National
Living Treasure.
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Hereunder are some of the GAMABA awardees and their work of art:
1. Darhata Sawabi – a Tausug weaver of Pis Syabit, the traditional cloth tapestry work as a head
cover;
2. Eduardo Mutuc – an artist form Apalit, Pampanga who has dedicated his life to creating religious
and secular art in silver, bronze, and wood;
3. Haja Amina Appi – recognized as master mat weaver among the Sama indigenous community for
her unique designs, straightness of her edging (tabig), and fineness of her sasa and kima-kima.
4. Alonzo Saclag – a Kalinga master of dance and the performing arts who mastered not only the
Kalinga musical instruments but also her dance patterns and movements associated with her
people’s ritual.
5. Feferico Caballero – a Sulod Bukidnon epic chanter from Kalinog, Iloilo who ceaselessly works
for the documentation of the oral literature, particularly the epics of his people;
6. Uwang Ahadas – a Yakan musician who is a master of the kwintangan, kayu, and tuntungan in
instruments.
7. Lang Dulay – a T’boli traditional weaver of T’nalak or T’boli cloth made of colourful abaca fabrics;
8. Salinta Monon – a Tagbanua Bagobo traditional weaver of distinct abaca fabrics calle inabal.
9. Ginaw Bilog – is a Hanunuo Mangyan poet who is considered as a master of ambahan poetry;
10. Masino Intaray – a prolific and pre-eminent epic chanter and story teller recognized for his
outstanding mastery of various traditional musical intruments of the Palawan people such as basal,
kulilal and bagil.
ACTIVITY 4. Instructions: Fill in the table with pertinent information as well as the
contribution of each of the GAMABA Awardees.
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Performance Art
Performance art is an interdisciplinary art form that bring together elements of time, space, bodies, and
audiences. The performance can be live or via media; the performer can be present or absent. It can be
Artist Profile Information about the Artist Contributions
Name
Brief Biography
Education
Major Works
Awards
Style
Critical Reception
any situation that involves four basic elements: time, space, the performer’s body, or presence in a
medium, and a relationship between performer and audience. Performance art can happen anywhere, in
any type of venue or setting and for any length of time (Carlson, 1996)
The performance arts refer to the forms of art where an artist uses his own face, body and presence. The
major types of performing arts include music, opera, dance, drama, and spoken words.
1. Music is a form of art whose medium is silence and sound. The word “music” was derived from the
Greek work “mousike” which means the art of the muses. The common elements of music include
rhythm, pitch, dynamics, timbre and texture. The performance, creation, significance and definition
of this art depend on the social context and culture. Music can range from organized composition
up to improvisational music to aleatoric forms.
Music can be assorted into different genres or subgenres, although the divisions of these genres are
usually vague and subtle. It is also said that there is a very strong connection between mathematics
and music. To a lot of people who belong to various cultures, music plays an important part in their
lives. Music is usually associated with the way of life of different kinds of people across the land.\
2. Opera is a form of performing arts wherein musicians and singers perform a dramatic work that
combines text, which is called the libretto and musical score. This form of art is a popular part of
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the Western classical tradition. The art incorporates a lot of elements of spoken theatre, including
scenery, acting and costumes.
3. Dance is a form of performing arts that refers to the art of moving the body rhythmically and usually
in accordance to music. It used as a form of social interaction and expression, or it is commonly
presented in a performance or spiritual setting. Some people even considers the movement of the
leaves as dance, even karate and other martial arts. Nowadays, krumping and break dancing
including ballet is a form of dance.
4. Drama spoken word is often used as an entertainment or musical term, referring to works that are
intended to be performed by a single person who will speak by himself naturally. In entertainment
spoken word performances are consisted of poetry, storytelling or speeches.
ACTIVITY 5. Instructions: Give at least one (1) example of each Medium and
Techniques in Art. Provide pictures and describe each. Follow the format below in
accomplishing your work.
VARIOUS ART EXAMPLE BRIEF DESCRIPTION

MOVEMENTS
*insert picture
References
Textbooks
 Leano,
Roman D., (2018) Art Appreciation for College Students. Mindshapers Co., Inc.
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Module 5- Experiencing Art
Introduction:
In module 4, you have explored the various art movements, the difference of artist from artisans and
the techniques and mediums used in art. By now, you are expected to have a clearer understanding of the
world of arts.
This module is focused on soul making or known as the art making. Art making is a fun and
rewarding way for people to express themselves and to learn a broad range of skills and concepts. The study
may include the concept of soul making, art making process and stages and the relation of Da Vincian
Principles in art making.
This module will help you to experience and realize how art is being made, develop your creativity
and expand your imaginations.
You are expected to finish this module and accomplish your task April 24, 2021, to June 5, 2021.
 apply the stages and processes of art making in artwork;
 rationalize the meaning of Da Vincian principles in art making; and
 show creativity in creating various forms of arts.
Tower challenge!
In this cooperative learning activity, construct a tower with your family members
or friends at home as high as possible in 20 minutes using only the following
materials: spaghetti, masking tape and marshmallow. After the time limit, let the
tower stands unassisted. Then give at least three (3) insights about the said
activity in another paper.
1. SOUL MAKING (Art Making)
 It is an alternative venue for knowing ourselves and looking into the depths and real meaning of
what we are doing for our everyday life.
 It is connecting with people, understanding culture and embodying culture and peace.
 Soul making is an exploration and application of the imagination and active learning.
 Soul making can be an innate gift or a learned skill, or a combination of both.
 It is connecting to our deepest nature. It is also communicating deeply with the inner realm, being
fully awake and aware by flooding our consciousness with eternal images.
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 According to James Hillman, Soul making is what happens when we evoke the emotions and
experiences of crisis and opportunity of lve and dying that give life a deeper meaning.
 John Keats also sad that only in this world, with all its opposite and audities provide the necessary
stuff of soul-making. In the Christian way, man is formed in the image of God and men has the
innate capacity to reflect that image in the life men live.
 In short, soul making is about drawing out a certain experience of the person and transfer this into
an image either in a form of painting or a musical composition or a production.
 To become a soulmaker, one does need to be conscious as to how far ones masterpiece go.
 The term soul making is metaphor. The word metaphor is comprised of two Greek words- Meta-
above and Phero- to carry. So a metaphor is an image or phrase that carries the reader above the
literal sensory realm into the realm of invisible imagination.
 The word making in soul making comes out of the Greek word poieo which means to be the author
or maker of something.
CATEGORIES OF SOUL MAKING
A. CRAFTING IMAGES
o Refers to imaging or representing in any form, which be through painting, sculpting, and
drawing, and storytelling, poetry, dancing, composing or taking notes.
B. CRAFTING STORIES
o The moment we write, engrave and inscribe our own thoughts, ideas, commentaries,
criticisms, and positive and negative emotions, we are creating stories. Stories that can be
presented in any form like image, words, objects, and musical competitions.
C. CRAFTING INSTRUMENTS
o An instrument maker is a bridge toward the unknown because the instrument produces
sounds that transcend our feelings, emotions and sensation in another realm (Narciso, 2016).
D. CRAFTING MOVEMENTS
o Our life is full of movements, it is filled with various beats. Life is full of flowing images
accompanied by flowing narratives. Everything we do in life is a performance; we perform
in life.
CRAFTING TECHNIQUES
Anything can be crafted by using different evocative descriptions of experiences and explorations, like
photographs studies, puppets and masks, constructions and notepads studies.
2. ART MAKING PROCESS

1. Phase One- begins with sketching, grid-lining, drawing, drawing, or filling in under paintings. In
this phase, you learn about introductory best practices on techniques and approaches and
understanding the art concepts.
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2. Phase Two- Includes adding multiple layers of tone, color, or paint within an artwork. Here you are
required to problem solve and are encouraged in their art to explore, manipulate, and master
technique based art applications.
3. Phase Three- it ends with adding your final detail and craftsmanship showcasing their finished
projects. This includes demonstrating the understanding of the art elements, habits of mind and
effort, communication skills, habits of work. Composition concepts and execution into a well-
crafted project.
3. STAGES OF ART MAKING

1) INSPIRATION- This is one of the most exciting moments in the process of creating art: that beautiful
moment when inspiration strikes. Where does inspiration come from? Well, that’s a subject baffled
and mystified people for centuries. Perhaps it’s a film or piece of fine art that inspire you; perhaps it’s
something from nature or an even that has occurred in your life. Sometimes an idea seems to come out
of nowhere. Wherever ideas come from, they have an uncanny way of striking at the oddest moments.
2) PERCOLATION- basically this is the time that elapses after you have had your idea but before you
start making art. It can transpire in many different ways. Sometimes that involves refining your idea
by making sketches and tossing out just as many or playing around with ideas visually. Other times,
it’s just a matter of giving an idea space to germinate. Sometimes, you may have an idea before you
create the piece of artwork it inspired.
3) PREPARATION- preparation can be confused with the “percolation” period, but it is more active and
focused time. You have settled on your inspiration and how you would like to proceed. Now it’s a
matter of figuring out how to make it happen. Preparation includes the time spent obtaining ad
organizing your supplies, plus creating a blueprint for what your piece will be.
4) CREATION- creation is the time during which you are solidly on your path. The process of creation
can vary depending on your personal temperament, your artistic style and your medium. For some, the
process of creation is actually quite short and much of the work has been done in the previous phases.
5) REFLECTION- after you create a piece of art, there might be a slight tizzy of activity: sharing it with
family and friends, delivering it to a client or hanging it on the wall. But regardless of the end point of
the art, its completion often leads to a period of reflection.
4. THE SEVEN (7) DA VINCIAN PRINCIPLE

1) CURIOSITA (CURIOSITY)
o An insatiably curious approach to life and an unrelenting quest for continuous learning.
o Example: asking questions, seeking information, reading and researching, lifelong learning.
2) DIMONSTRAZIONE (DEMONSTRATION)
o A commitment to test knowledge through experience, persistence, and a willingness to learn
from mistakes.
o Example: scientific experimentation; learning by trial and error; sports or arts practice.
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3) SENSAZIONE (SENSATION)
o The continual refinement of the senses, especially sight as a means to enliven experience.
o Example: Observation, visual exercises.
4) SFUMATO (GOING UP IN SMOKE)

o A willingness to embrace ambiguity, paradox, and uncertainty.
o Examples: enjoying uncertain book or film ending; research.
5) ARTE/ SCIENZA (ART AND SCIENCE)

o The development of the balance between science and art, logic and imagination; “whole-
brain” thinking.
o Example: liberal arts education; scientific research about arts; graphic arts.
6) CORPORALITA (OF THE BODY)

o The cultivation of grace, ambidexterity, fitness, and poise.
o Examples: physical practices: sports, yoga, dance.
7) CONNESSIONE (CONNECTION)
o A recognition of and appreciation for the interconnectedness of all things and phenomena.
o Examples: systems networks, spiritual/meditative practices.
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Activity 1:
Instructions: Make a short poem, in English or Tagalog, about your life experience
about this pandemic time. The output shall consist of four (4) stanzas with six (6)
lines.Use your creativity and imagination in presenting your work. Provide a
separate paper for this activity.
SHORT POEM RUBRIC

Approaching
Exceeding Standards Meeting Standards Below Standards
Standards
CONTENT 4 pts. 3 pts. 1 pts.
2 pts.
Meaning and Exceeding Standards Meeting Standards Meeting Standards Approaching Standards
Originality
Poem is creative and Poem is thoughtful and Poem is thoughtful Most of the poem is
original. It is evident that the creative. A couple of and creative. A creative, but appears to
poet put thought into their phrases or ideas may be couple of phrases or be rushed. This is
words and uniquely revisited, but the overall ideas may be evident in the poet's
conveyed their ideas and product is carefully revisited, but the redundancy or use of
emotions. written. overall product is cliches.
carefully written.
Sensory Exceeding Standards Meeting Standards Meeting Standards Approaching Standards

Details
Vivid, detailed images and Clear sensory images are Clear sensory Some use of image,
intensely felt emotion make used to portray ideas or images are used to idea, or emotion
the poem come alive. emotions portray ideas or
emotions
Form Exceeding Standards Meeting Standards Meeting Standards Approaching Standards
The poem is complete and The poem is written in The poem is written The poem is somewhat
follows its intended form, in its proper forms with a in its proper forms written in its proper
the style of Pablo Neruda. few mistakes. with a few mistakes. form.
Grammar Exceeding Standards Meeting Standards Meeting Standards Approaching Standards
Proper use of English A couple of spelling or A couple of spelling The poet's intended
spelling and grammar is used grammar mistakes are or grammar meaning is confusing by
consistently throughout each evident, but do not mistakes are several spelling or
poem. Punctuation is utilized diminish the meaning of evident, but do not grammar errors.
when necessary. the poem. Punctuation is diminish the Punctuation may be
utilized when necessary. meaning of the misused.
poem. Punctuation
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81
is utilized when
necessary.
Activity 2
Instructions: Compose and sing an original song of any topic of your choice. You
can use other musical instrument to make your performance more harmonious and
lively. You may also encourage your family members or friends at home to
participate in the said activity. Then take a short video that will not exceed three
(3) minutes. Use your creativity and imagination in presenting your work. Upload
your output through this email account artappreciation06@gmail.com or through
your flash drive by using the given file format: (Agcaoili-BSTM-Title of the song)
ORIGINAL SONG RUBRICS

Excellent Good Fair
CONTENT 4 pts 3 pts 2 pts
Lyrics Excellent Good Fair

Student provides a typed page of Student provides complete lyrics, Students provides incomplete or no
complete lyrics. but are not typed out. lyrics.
Relevance Excellent Good Fair

Song version is a strong Song version bears some Song version has no relevance to
representation of the novel's relevance to the original song. the original song.
original song.
Creativity Excellent Good Fair

Student created a very creative and Student created a creative and Student created a somewhat
original song that helped to convey original song that helped to creative and original song that
the topics required. An excellent convey the topics required. A helped to convey the topics
degree of thought and effort was good degree of thought and effort required. A fair degree of thought
put into it's creation. was put into it's creation. and effort was put into the song.
Elocution Excellent Good Fair

Student used a very clear voice Student used a clear voice with Student used a clear voice, but
with proper volume so that all good volume so most audience volume was too low for all
audience members could hear. members could hear. audience members to hear.
Representation Excellent Good Fair

Contains both graphic and title. Contains only half of Contains neither a graphic nor title.
requirement.
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Activity 3:
Instructions: Take some pictures that depict various works of arts from the
used magazines, newspapers, brochures, pamphlets, flyers and other print
ads. You are not allowed to use cutting materials like scissors or cutters rather
used your hands in displacing the pictures. Then make a collage out of these
collected pictures and paste it on another paper. Use your creativity and
imagination in presenting your work.
COLLAGE MAKING RUBRIC

CONTENT 4 pts 3pts 2 pts 1pts
Creativity Several of the graphics One or two of the One or two graphics or The student did not
or objetcs used in the graphics or objects objects were made or make or customize any
collage reflect an used in the collage customized by the of the items on the
exceptional degree of reflect student student, but the ideas collage.
student creativity. creativity. were typical rather
than creative.
Time and Effort Much time and effort Student put enough Student put some time Student clearly did not
went into the planning time int o the collage to into the collage but it is put much time and
and design of the fulfil the necessary evident that more time effort into the collage.
collage. It is clear that requirements. and effort were
the student worked at necessary.
home as well as in
school.
Number of items The poster board is The poster board is The poster board is The poster board is is
100% covered with 75% covered with 50% covered with 25% covered with
pictures/graphics. pictures/graphics. pictures graphics. pictures/graphics.
Picture Student thoroughly Student describes what Student partially Student does not
Representation describes what each each picture represents describes what each describe what each
picture represents and and how it relates to the pciture represents and picture represents and
how it relates to the story. how it relates to the how it relates to the
story. story. story.
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83
Activity 4
Instructions: Are you in favour or against the seven (7) principles for quality for
life by Leonardo Da Vinci? Justify your answer in not more than 250 words. Use
the space below for your answer.
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84
FINAL EXAMINATION
Make a painting by applying all the learnings you have gained from your art appreciation subject. You are
free to choose your content and subject to express by depicting all the presenting arts methods (surrealism,
realism, symbolism, fauvism, and cubism except abstractionism). At the back of your painting, provide a
short description of your painting in short bond paper. Do not forget to include your name, course, course
subject, and the name of your instructor.
Materials to be used:
 16 inches x 16 inches canvass size
 Acrylic paints or any applicable painting colors for canvass
 Any frames to support your painting
Painting description format:
 12 font size, Georgia Body font style
 “TITLE” all caps lock and centered
Afterward, use your social media account like Facebook to upload your output, tagged all your classmates
and post something about the creation reflecting the significance of arts in today’s pandemic time.
For the submission, take a photo with your painting and attached is the reflection you posted in your social
media account and also send to artappreciation06@gmail.com
Time frame of submission:
May 1, 2021 to May 31, 2021- the making of your painting
June 1, 2021 to June 5, 2021- upload and post output to social media through Facebook account.
Rubric for Grading Individual Art Projects

Points Creativity/Originality (x 9 pts.) Craftsmanship/Skill (x 9 pts.) Effort/Perseverance (x 7 pts.)
4 The student explored several choices The artwork was beautiful and The project was continued until
before Selecting one, generated patiently done; it was as good as it was complete as the student
many ideas, tried unusual hard work could make it. could make it; gave it effort far
combinations or changes, used beyond that required.
problem-solving skills.
3 The student tried a few ideas before With a little more effort, the work The student worked hard and
selecting one or based his/her work could have been outstanding; completed the project, but with a
on someone. lacks the finishing touches. bit more effort, it might have
been outstanding.
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85
2 The studied an idea, but it lacked The student showed average The student finished the project,
originality, might have copied work, craftsmanship, adequate, but not but it could have been improved
substituted “symbols” for personal as good as possible, a bit careless. with more effort, chose an easy
expression. task, and did it indifferently.
1 The student fulfilled the The student showed average The project was completed with
requirements of the assignment but craftsmanship, lack of pride in minimum effort
gave no evidence of trying anything finished work
unusual.
0 The student showed no evidence of The student showed poor The student did not finish the
original thought craftsmanship; evidence of work adequately
laziness or lack of understanding
EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING BEGINNING

CRITERIA WEIGHT
(4) (3) (2) (1)
information is necessary essential required data is
covered, information is information is missing and
informative, and covered and well- covered but poorly written
well-written written uninformative
Organization 10% Proper Adequate design with Some formatting Multiple

formatting, labeled sections errors or missing formatting
sections clearly sections errors or
labeled, well missing sections
organized,
professional style
Grammar, 25% No errors Only one or two More than two Numerous errors
usage, errors errors distract from
mechanics, understanding
spelling
Quality of 40% Attractive, well Some details vague or Details Unable to find
information researched, non-supporting of the somewhat specific details
informative, subject sketchy, do not
supporting support the topic
details specific to
the subject
PROHIBITED.
86
References:
Textbooks
 Leano, Roman D., (2018) Art Appreciation for College Students. Mindshapers Co., Inc.
 Solmerano, Ernesto M., (2019) Art Appreciation. Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
 Ariola, Mariano M. (2018) Art Appreciation. Unlimited Books Library Services & Publishing Inc.
 Devilles et al. (2018) Art sense: Sensing the Arts in the Everyday by C & E-publishing, Inc.,
SUMMARY
Soul-making is beyond definition. I repeat what the Greek philosopher Heraclitus said, “you could not
discover the limits of soul, even if you travelled by every path in order to do so; such is the depth of its
meaning:'
We live in an Intelligent Universe some form of mysterious intelligence encompasses the seemingly random
chaos and resultant order, an order that is beyond our assumed understanding of order'. This Universe is
suffused with Poetic Words or Living Energies that are part of the soul making process. Each of us is a
unique poem, gradually being weaved together into a larger poetic whole/soul. Every incident and event is
part of that epic poem. While there may be tragedies and betrayals, troubles and failures, successes and
victories - there are no useless words in your poem; and most of it goes on at levels we cannot see or
understand. In that sense, we must trust the Author(s).
In Philip Pullman's, The Golden Compass, The Master says to Lyra, “The powers of this world are very
strong. Men and women are moved by tides much fiercer than you can imagine, and they sweep us all up
into the current. Go well, Lyra; bless you child, bless you. Keep your own counsel.”
PROHIBITED.
87

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GEC 006

ANGELO CHRISTOPHER B. AGCAOILI,CTP

16. https://geekychristian.com/free-christian- 26. https://www.oapen.org/home

 Digital items and digital contents can be viewed directly online.

 Students can borrow books for one (1) week

C. Requirements for the borrowing of books

1. Deepen their sensitivity to self, community, and society.

Unit 5 – EXPERIENCING ART

1. Humanities and Art Appreciation (Ariola, 2018)

Activity 1: Instructions: Identify what is being asked in each of the

2. Basic Assumptions and Nature of Arts

“Man learned to draw before he can even start to talk.”

“ Art is ageless and timeless.”

“Artistic expression may be expressed 100% in the conscious mind.”

**picture** **picture** **picture** **picture** **picture** **picture** **picture**

description description description description Description Description description

4. SUBJECT AND CONTENT OF ART

EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING BEGINNING

Final Score: ____________

Rubric for Graphic Organizer

2. Ancient Civilization Art

2.2 Ancient Greek Art

Artemission Bronze Pottery

2.3 Chinese Art

 Landscape painting was regarded as the highest form

2.4 Japanese Art

Sculpture and Pottery

Earthenware ceramics Stoneware ceramics

Rubric for Grading Individual Art Projects

RUBRIC FOR ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING EXERCICES

CRITERIA WEIGHT EXEMPLARY ACCOMPLISHED DEVELOPING BEGINNING

Organization 10% Proper Adequate design with Some formatting Multiple

Application of vertical lines in art

Primary Hues - blue, red, and yellow

Secondary hues - orange, green, and violet

1. RELATED COLOR HARMONIES

3. Rhythm and Movement- In design, it is a regular, uniform,

6. Unity- You want your painting to feel unified

ACTIVITY 3. Cite at least three (3) examples of each kind of transcreation.

Transcreation of text to dance

Transcreation of dance to visual art

1. VARIOUS ARTS MOVEMENTS

VARIOUS ART EXAMPLE BRIEF DESCRIPTION

3. Medium and Techniques in Art

THE GAWAD SA MANLILIKHA NG BAYAN AWARD (GAMABA)

VARIOUS ART EXAMPLE BRIEF DESCRIPTION

1. SOUL MAKING (Art Making)

2. ART MAKING PROCESS

3. STAGES OF ART MAKING

4. THE SEVEN (7) DA VINCIAN PRINCIPLE

4) SFUMATO (GOING UP IN SMOKE)

5) ARTE/ SCIENZA (ART AND SCIENCE)

6) CORPORALITA (OF THE BODY)

SHORT POEM RUBRIC

Sensory Exceeding Standards Meeting Standards Meeting Standards Approaching Standards

Form Exceeding Standards Meeting Standards Meeting Standards Approaching Standards

Grammar Exceeding Standards Meeting Standards Meeting Standards Approaching Standards

ORIGINAL SONG RUBRICS

Lyrics Excellent Good Fair

Relevance Excellent Good Fair

Creativity Excellent Good Fair

Elocution Excellent Good Fair

Representation Excellent Good Fair

COLLAGE MAKING RUBRIC

picture picture picture picture picture picture picture