Types of Data

1. Organised Data
2. Unorganised Data
Measure of Central Tendency i

1. Mean
2. Median
3. Mode
 s
Mean (Average)
Find Mean 🔥Shortcut

92, 96, 104, 101, 105, 99, 97, 108

Mean (Average) s
 If for some x ∈ R, the frequency distribution of the marks obtained by
20 students in a test is :

then the mean of the marks is : [JEE Main - 2019]

I A. 3.2

B. 3.0

C. 2.5

D. 2.8
5
Grouped Mean r

11thB
In a class of 100 students there are 70 boys whose average marks in a
subject are 75. If the average marks of the complete class is 72, then what
is the average of the girls?

[2002]
A. 73

B. 65

C. 68

D. 74
Median (Middle Number) t

S-1: arrange in ascending or descending order

S-2: Find Middle observation

Find Median?

92, 96, 104, 101, 105, 99, 97, 108

Median (Middle Number)

If number of observations are odd then median is observation

If number of observations are even then median in the

average of and observation

Mode (Most Repeating Observation) r

10, 20, 10, 30, 20, 42, 40, 37, 20

Relation r

3 Median = 2 Mean + Mode

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 Mean Deviation

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variance and standard deviation
a distribution
is the mean of squares
The variance of
of deviation of variate from their mean
It is denoted by 62 or var x
the variance are called
The Positive Square root of
thestandard deviation It is denoted by 0 or so

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ia

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Coefficient variation
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 Standard Deviation 0

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 Standard Deviation

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 Variance Deviation
a

in
Let n be an odd natural number such that the variance of
1, 2, 3, 4, …. , n is 14. Then n is equal to.

[JEE Main - 2021]

 1

I
Coefficient of Variance

11

The series having greater C.V. is said to be more variable or

conversely less consistent, less uniform, less stable, less homogeneous
fngyy.iq
aafyf
Magic Table
 Magic Table

Operations on xi Mean S.D. Variance

add K to each obv. add K unchanged unchanged

sub K to each obv. sub K unchanged unchanged

mul K to each obv. mul K mul K mul K2 1

I
div K to each obv. div K div K div K2
 Type 1:
Shortcut
 Let xi (1 ≤ i ≤ 10) be ten observations of a random variable X. If

where 0 ≠ p ∈ R, then the standard deviation

deviation of these observations is : zero
A. 4/5 [JEE Main - 2020]
B. √(3/5)

C. 9/10

go ff
D. 7/10
 If then the standard

deviation of n observations x1, x2, ……………. xn is :

[JEE Main - 2020]

1
If Then the standard deviation of the if

9 items x1, x2, …….. x9 is :

A. 4 [JEE Main - 2018]

B. 2

C. 3

D. 9
 Let the observations xi(1 ≤ i ≤ 10) satisfy the equations,

If μ and λ are the mean and the variance of the observations,

x1 - 3, x2 - 3, …, x10 - 3, then the ordered pair (μ, λ) is equal to ;

[JEE Main - 2020]

A. (3, 3)

B. (6, 3)
i I
C. (6, 6)

D. (3, 6)
 Eni 5 10 faire f

Hf number of terms

ka
Eq mean
adf.I.tl Infra sonika

p
n H
 Type 2:
Arithmetic
Progression
 F
M Type - 2: Arithmetic Progression
Let
3

of
If
se 3
mein ff

mean de degen
same
 If the variance of the terms in an increasing A.P., b1 , b2 , b3, ……, b11 is I
90, then the common difference of this A.P is _.
[JEE Main - 2020]

ff i i
f
 I
I
 If the mean deviation of the numbers 1, 1 + d, 1 + 2d, ………..
1 + 100d from their mean is 255, then d is equal to -

A. 20.0 [2009]

B. 10.1
f
C. 20.1

D. 10.0
I
1
 Type 3:
Two Observations
Missing
The mean and variance of 7 observations are 8 and 16 respectively.
If 5 of these observations are 2, 4, 10, 12, 14, then the absolute
difference of the remaining two observations is :

A. 1 [JEE Main - 2020]

B. 2

1
C. 3

D. 4
I

I
If the mean and variance of six observations 7, 10, 11, 15, a, b are 10
and 20/3, respectively, then the value of |a - b| is equal to :

A. 9 like
[JEE Main - 2021]
B. 11

C. 7

D. 1
I
The mean of 6 distinct observations is 6.5 and their variance is 10.25. If
4 out of 6 observations are 2, 4, 5 and 7, then the remaining two
observations are :

A. 10, 11
[JEE Main - 2021]
B. 3, 18

C. 8, 13

D. 1, 20
I
If the mean and variance of the following data : 6, 10, 7, 13, a, 12, b, 12
are 9 and 37/4 respectively, then (a - b)2 is equal to :

A. 24 [JEE Main - 2021]

B. 12

C. 32

D. 16
 Homework Q1
The mean and variance of 8 observations are 10 and 13.5 1
respectively. If 6 of these observations are 5, 7, 10, 12, 14, 15, then the
absolute difference of the remaining two observations is :

A. 9
[JEE Main - 2020]
B. 5

C. 3

D. 7

I
Homework Q2
If the mean and standard deviation of the data 3, 5, 7, a, b are 5 and 2
respectively, then a and b are the roots of the equation :
I
A. x2 - 20x + 18 = 0

B. 2x2 - 20x + 19 = 0 [JEE Main - 2020]

C. x2 - 10x + 19 = 0

D. x2 - 10x + 18 = 0
 Homework Q3
Let the mean and variance of four numbers 3, 7, x and y (x > y) be 5
and 10 respectively. Then the mean of four numbers 3 + 2x, 7 + 2y, x +
y and x - y is.

if
I [JEE Main - 2021]
Homework Q4

If the mean and variance of eight numbers 3, 7, 9, 12, 13, 20, x and y
be 10 and 25 respectively, then x . y is equal to

[JEE Main - 2020]

1 Homework Q5

The mean and variance of seven observations are 8 and 16,

respectively. If 5 of the observations are 2, 4, 10, 12, 14, then the
product of the remaining two observations is :

to
A. 45

B. 49
[JEE Main - 2019]
C. 48

D. 40
Homework Q6

The mean of five observations is 5 and their variance is 9.20. If three

of the given five observations are 1, 3 and 8, then a ratio of other two
observations is :

to
A. 10 : 3

B. 4:9 [JEE Main - 2019]

C. 5:8

D. 6:7
Homework Q7

The mean and the variance of five observations are 4 and 5.20,
respectively. If three of the observations are 3, 4 and 4; then the
absolute value of the difference of the other two observations, is :

A. 7
[JEE Main - 2019]
B. 5

C. 1

D. 3
 Type 4:
Magic Table
Magic Table

Operations on xi Mean S.D. Variance

add K to each obv. add K unchanged unchanged

sub K to each obv. sub K unchanged unchanged

mul K to each obv. mul K mul K mul K2

div K to each obv. div K div K div K2

I

Consider three observations a, b and c such that b = a + c. If the

standard deviation of a + 2, b + 2, c + 2 is d, then which of the following
is true ?
[JEE Main - 2021]
A. b2 = 3(a2 + c2) + 9d2

B. b2 = a2 + c2 + 3d2

C. b2 = 3(a2 + c2 + d2)
l
D. b2 = 3(a2 + c2) - 9d2
 1
I
 Let A be a set of 2n terms out of which n terms are ‘a’ and n terms are ‘-
a’. If b is added to all 2n terms then its mean is 5 and standard deviation
is 20. Then the value of a2 + b2 is -

[JEE Main - 2021]

A. 625

q
B. 425

p
C. 525

D. 725
Let X = {x ∈ N : 1 ≤ x ≤ 17} and Y = {ax + b : x ∈ X and a, b ∈ R, a > 0}. If
mean and variance of elements of Y are 17 and 216 respectively then
a + b is equal to :
[JEE Main - 2020]

A. 7

B. -7

C. -27

D. 9
to
 The mean and the standard deviation (s.d) of 10 observations are 20
and 2 respectively. Each of these 10 observations is multiplied by p
and then reduced by q , where p ≠ 0 and q ≠ 0. If the new mean and
new s.d. become half of their original values, then q is equal to :

A. -5 [JEE Main - 2020]

B. 10

C. -20

D. -10

I
I

All the students of a class performed poorly in Mathematics. The teacher

decided to give grace marks of 10 to each of the students. Which of the
following statistical measures will not change even after the grace marks
were given ?

A. mean
[JEE Main - 2013]
B. median

C. mode if

D. variance
Let x1, x2, ……………, xn be n observations, and let x̄ be their arithmetic mean
and σ2 be the variance -
Statement 1 : Variance of 2x1, 2x2, ……. 2xn is 4σ2
Statement 2 : Arithmetic mean of 2x1, 2x2, ……. 2xn is 4x ̄

A. Statement-1 is false, Statement-2 is true [2012]

B. Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2

is a correct explanation for Statement-1
C. Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is true; Statement-2
is not a correct explanation for Statement-1
C. Statement-1 is true, Statement-2 is false
If the variance of the first n natural numbers is 10 and the variance of
the first m even natural numbers is 16, then m + n is equal to _.

[JEE Main - 2020]

1
 Type 4:
Wrong Observation
is deleted
 Type - 4: Wrong obs. is deleted

I
1
 The mean age of 25 teachers in a school is 40 years. A teacher retires
at the age of 60 years and a new teacher is appointed in his place. If
the mean age of the teachers in this school now is 39 years, then the
age (in years) of the newly appointed teacher is_.

[JEE Main - 2021]

p
p
The mean of the data set comprising of 16 observations is 16. If one of
the observations valued 16 is deleted and three new observations
valued 3, 4 and 5 are added to the data, then the mean of the resultant
data, is :

A. 15.8 [JEE Main - 2015]

B. 14.0
I
C. 16.8

D. 16.0
 The mean and standard deviation of 20 observations were calculated as
10 and 2.5 respectively. It was found that by mistake one data value was
taken as 25 instead of 35. If α and √β are the mean and standard
deviation respectively for correct data, then (α, β) is :

A. (11, 26) [JEE Main - 2021]

I B. (10.5, 25) 1

C. (11, 25)

D. (10.5, 26)
I
The mean and variance of 20 observations are found to be 10 and 4,
respectively. On rechecking, it was found that an observation 9 was
incorrect and the correct observation was 11. Then the correct
variance is :

A. 3.99
[JEE Main - 2020]
B. 4.01

C. 4.02

D. 3.98

le
 Type 5:
Use of Binomial
 Consider the data on x taking the values 0, 2, 4, 8, … , 2n with
frequencies nC0, nC1, nC2, . . . nCn respectively. If the mean of this data is
728/2n, then n is equal to_.
[JEE Main - 2020]

p
to
a
 Type 6:
Observations are
divided into two
groups
 Type 6: Observations are divided into two groups

I
 An online exam is attempted by 50 candidates out of which 20 are
boys. The average marks obtained by boys is 12 with a variance 2. The
variance of marks obtained by 30 girls is also 2. The average marks of
all 50 candidates is 15. If μ is the average marks if girls and σ2 is the
variance of marks of 50 candidates, then μ + σ2 is equal to.

[JEE Main - 2021]

I l
 The first of the two samples in a group has 100 items with mean 15
and standard deviation 3. If the whole group has 250 items with mean
15.6 and standard deviation √13.44, then the standard deviation of the
second sample is :

A. 8 [JEE Main - 2021]

B. 6

C. 4

D. 5

I
1 1
 Consider the statistics of two sets of observations as follows :
Size Mean Variance
Observation I 10 2 2
Observation II n 3 1
I
If the variance of the combined set of these two observations is 17/9,
then the value of n is equal to _

[JEE Main - 2021]

Homework

1
 For two data sets, each of size 5, the variances are given to be 4 & 5 and
the corresponding means are given to be 2 and 4 respectively. The
variance of the combined data set is -

A. 11/2
[JEE M 2010]
B. 6

C. 13/2

D. 5/2
a

Homework