EUROPEAN STANDARD DRAFT

NORME EUROPÉENNE EN 13445-3:2014

EUROPÄISCHE NORM prA20
May 2019

ICS 23.020.30

English Version

Unfired pressure vessels - Part 3: Design

Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 3: Konstruktion
Partie 3 : Conception
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This draft amendment is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 54.

This draft amendment A20, if approved, will modify the European Standard EN 13445-3:2014. If this draft becomes an
amendment, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for
inclusion of this amendment into the relevant national standard without any alteration.

This draft amendment was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13445-3:2014/prA20:2019:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
 EN 13445-3:2014/prA20:2019 (E)

Contents
European foreword....................................................................................................................................................... 5
1 Modification to Clause 18 ............................................................................................................................. 5
18 Detailed assessment of fatigue life................................................................................................................... 6
18.1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................... 6
18.2 Specific definitions ......................................................................................................................................... 8
18.2.16 Notch ............................................................................................................................................................... 10
18.2.17 Notch stress .................................................................................................................................................. 10
18.2.18 Seam weld ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
18.2.19 Stress on the weld throat ......................................................................................................................... 10
18.2.20 Stress range (Δσ) ........................................................................................................................................ 11
18.2.21 Structural stress .......................................................................................................................................... 12
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18.2.22 Structural hot spot stress ........................................................................................................................ 12

18.2.23 Theoretical elastic stress concentration factor ............................................................................... 12
18.2.24 Partial usage factor .................................................................................................................................... 12
18.2.25 Cumulative usage factor (cumulative fatigue damage index) .................................................... 12
18.2.26 Weld throat thickness ............................................................................................................................... 12
18.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 12
18.4 Limitations...................................................................................................................................................... 14
18.5 Process for detailed fatigue assessment .............................................................................................. 16
18.6 Determination of stresses for fatigue assessment of welded components and zones ........ 17
18.7 Stresses for fatigue assessment of unwelded components and bolts ....................................... 19
18.7.1 Unwelded components ............................................................................................................................... 19
18.7.2 Bolts .................................................................................................................................................................. 20
18.8 Elastic-plastic conditions .......................................................................................................................... 21
18.8.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 21
18.8.2 Mechanical loading ...................................................................................................................................... 21
18.8.3 Thermal loading ........................................................................................................................................... 22
18.8.4 Combined mechanical and thermal loading ........................................................................................ 23
18.8.5 Elastic plastic analysis ................................................................................................................................ 23
18.9 Cycles of equivalent stress range Δσeq .................................................................................................. 23
18.10 Fatigue strength of welded components.............................................................................................. 23
18.10.1 Classification of weld details ........................................................................................................... 23
18.10.2 Change of classification ..................................................................................................................... 33
18.10.3 Unclassified details ............................................................................................................................. 35
18.10.4 Deviations from design shape ......................................................................................................... 36
18.10.5 Correction factors ................................................................................................................................ 40
18.10.6 Fatigue design curves ......................................................................................................................... 42
18.11 Fatigue strength of unwelded components ........................................................................................ 49
18.11.1 Correction factors ................................................................................................................................ 49
18.11.2 Overall correction factor for unwelded components ............................................................. 51
18.11.3 Design data ............................................................................................................................................. 51
18.12 Fatigue strength of steel bolts ................................................................................................................. 53
18.12.1 General .................................................................................................................................................... 53
18.12.2 Correction factors ................................................................................................................................ 54
18.12.3 Design data ............................................................................................................................................. 54
18.13 Cumulative fatigue damage index .......................................................................................................... 55
18.13.1 Constant amplitude loading ............................................................................................................. 55
18.13.2 Variable amplitude loading.............................................................................................................. 55
18.13.3 Fatigue design criteria .............................................................................................................................. 56

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 EN 13445-3:2014/prA20:2019 (E)

18.13.4 Report of initial operating limits and fatigue damage locations ............................................... 56
18.13.5 Welding flaws......................................................................................................................................... 56
18.13.6 In-service monitoring of vessel operating in fatigue .............................................................. 56
2 Modification to Annex N “Bibliography to Clause 18” ..................................................................... 57
3 New Annex NA "Examples of determination of the structural hot-spot stress by finite
element analysis using shell and solid elements”............................................................................. 58
Annex NA (informative) Examples of determination of the structural hot-spot stress by
finite element analysis using shell or solid elements ...................................................................... 58
NA.1 Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................ 58
NA.2 Specific definitions ....................................................................................................................................... 58
NA.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations....................................................................................................... 58
NA.4 Determination of structural hot-spot stresses by using shell elements ................................... 59
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NA.4.1 Direct access ................................................................................................................................................... 59

NA.4.2 Linear surface extrapolation (structural hot-spot stress)............................................................. 60
NA.4.3 Quadratic surface extrapolation (structural hot-spot stress)...................................................... 61
NA.5 Determination of hot-spot structural stresses by using solid elements................................... 61
NA.6 General recommendations [8] ................................................................................................................. 65
NA.7 References ....................................................................................................................................................... 66
4 New Annex NB "Cycle counting and determination of equivalent stress range" ................... 68
Annex NB (informative) Cycle counting and determination of equivalent stress range ................ 68
NB.1 General approach ......................................................................................................................................... 68
NB.1.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................... 68
NB.1.2 Purpose and basic application cases ..................................................................................................... 68
NB.1.3 Cycle counting parameter for proportional load-stress histories .............................................. 69
NB.1.4 Cycle counting for non-proportional load-stress histories: .......................................................... 69
NB.1.4.1 General ..................................................................................................................................................... 69
NB.1.4.2 Cycle counting based on the variation of each stress component ...................................... 70
NB.1.4.3 Cycle counting based on the critical plane approach .............................................................. 70
NB.2 Cycle counting ................................................................................................................................................ 70
NB.2.1 Recommended procedures ....................................................................................................................... 70
NB.2.2 Simplified cycle counting method.......................................................................................................... 71
NB.2.3 Reservoir counting method ..................................................................................................................... 71
NB.2.4 Rain-flow counting method ...................................................................................................................... 72
NB.2.4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................... 72
NB.2.4.2 Procedure ................................................................................................................................................ 73
NB.2.4.3 Example calculation using rain-flow counting .......................................................................... 78
NB.2.5 Design data evaluation ............................................................................................................................... 80
NB.2.5.1 Definition of loading events ............................................................................................................. 80

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NB.2.5.2 Procedure based on the variation of each stress component ............................................. 81

NB.2.5.3 Procedure based on the critical plane approach...................................................................... 82
NB.2.5.3.1 General remark ............................................................................................................................. 82
NB.2.5.3.2 Summary of the procedure ........................................................................................................ 82
NB.2.5.3.3 Selection of an analysis plane, stresses on this plane...................................................... 83
NB.2.5.3.3.1 Analysis plane ................................................................................................................................. 83
NB.2.5.3.3.2 Stresses of interest ........................................................................................................................ 84
NB.2.5.3.4 Cycles definition ............................................................................................................................. 84
NB.2.5.3.4.1 General............................................................................................................................................... 84
NB.2.5.3.4.2 Characteristics of cycles for a point located in an unwelded region ........................... 86
NB.2.5.3.4.3 Characteristics of the cycles for a point located in a welded region .......................... 87
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NB.2.5.3.5 – Extreme value counting for external combinations .............................................................. 88

NB.2.5.3.5.1 – Procedure .......................................................................................................................................... 88
NB.2.5.3.5.2 Modified history............................................................................................................................. 89
NB.2.5.3.6 Rainflow or reservoir counting for internal combinations ........................................... 90
NB.2.5.4 Example calculation using Extreme value (outer combinations) and Rainflow
counting (inner combinations) ............................................................................................................... 91
NB.3 Determination of equivalent stress range and mean stress ......................................................... 95
NB.3.1 Constant principal stress directions (proportional load-stress history) ................................ 95
NB.3.2 Varying principal stress directions (non-proportional history) ................................................ 96
NB.4 Determination of equivalent stress range based on Tresca criterion for non-
proportional load-stress histories ......................................................................................................... 99
NB.5 Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................ 101
5 New Annex NC “Fatigue assessment of partial penetration welds” ......................................... 102
Annex NC (informative) Fatigue assessment of partial penetration welds...................................... 102
NC.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................... 102
NC.2 Nominal stress range on weld throat .................................................................................................. 103
NC.3 General procedure ..................................................................................................................................... 105
NC.4 Specific procedure for double-sided fillet......................................................................................... 106
6 New Annex ND “Table of stress concentration factors Kt “ .......................................................... 109
Annex ND (informative) Table of stress concentration factors Kt .......................................................... 109

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 EN 13445-3:2014/prA20:2019 (E)

European foreword

This document (EN 13445-3:2014/prA20:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54
“Unfired pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.

This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.

This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of
EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
EN 13445-3:2014.
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