1.

Workshop Activities
1.1. Activity 1 (Resistors)

1. Description
Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is
directly proportional to the voltage across each, this is: ΔV = R ⋅ I

1.1 Aim:
 Check Ohm's law and verify the formula to determine series, parallel and mixed
resistance relationships.

V=IxR
I=V/R
R=V/I

P= V x I

1.2 Safety regulations and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):

 PPE required to carry out the job:

 Gloves
 Working clothing
 Safety boots

 Rules and Safety procedure

Just for entering in the workshop we must have all of our PPE the important ones are the
safety boots the gloves and special clothes for working like thick trousers and a cotton t-shirt.

Another safety measure it can be using the multimeter to verify that all that we touch its
standby and there is no current trespassing the component.
1.3 Equipment and tools required:
Indicate the equipment and tools used to carry out the activity:

This activity it’s quite simple n terms of tools, in my case I only needed 2 cables with a
crocodile attachment at the end and some needles for measuring the circuit on specific
points, and of course the tester to measure.

And counting with a power supply of 12v.

1.4 List of components that have been used:

The components for this practice it will be the protoboard some cables Arduino size some
individual resistors and that will be all.
 2. Assemblage
2.1 Series circuit
The following circuit will be assembled:

Theoretical calculations
Fill in the table with the data calculated in the units required:

R (Ω) V(V) I(A) P(W)

R1 1000 4.4v 0.0044 0.019
R2 1500 6.6v 0.0044 0.029
R3 220 0.968v 0.0044 0.0042
Total 2720 12v 0.0044 0,0528

Calculation procedure:

R total = 1000+1500+220= 1720

total: I = V / R = 12 / 2720= 0,0044

P total: I x V= 0,0044 x 12 = 0,0528

V1 0,0044 x 1000 = 4.4v

V2 0,0044 x 1500 = 6.6v

V3 0,0044 x 220 = 0.968v

P1 0,0044 x 4,4 =0.019

P2 0,0044 x 6.6 = 0.029

P3 0,0044 x 0.968 = 0.0042

*Assemblage photographs

Measurements
Fill in the table with the data measured in the units required:

R (Ω) V(V) I(A) P(W)

R1 988 4.43 4.45mA 0.0177
R2 1482 6.64 4.45mA 0.0273
R3 218 0.95 4.45mA 0.0233
Total 2670 12.06 4.45mA 0.048

Data Analysis
Technical comment on the working of the circuit and analysis of the data obtained and
expected.

The result was the expected but with a little of tolerance of the components. For this reason,
you must do your theorical calculations leaving some margin for be 100% sure that the circuit
will work.

For example, the resistances have that 10% of margin that can affect the measurements a lot.
2.2 Parallel Circuit
The following circuit will be assembled:

Theoretical calculations
Fill in the table with the data calculated in the units required:

R (Ω) V(V) I(A) P(W)

R1 1000 12 0.012 0.144
R2 220 12 0.054 0.648
R3 1200 12 0.01 0.12
Total 156. 77 12 0.077 0.924

Calculation procedure:

R total = (1000/1 + 220 /1 + 1200 / 1 ) /1 = 156.77

I total= V/R= 12/156.77= 0.077

P total = V x I = 12 x 0.077= 0.924

I1= 12/1000= 0.012

I2= 12/220= 0.054

I3= 12/1200= 0.01

P1= 12 x 0.012 = 0.144

P2= 12 x 0.054 = 0.648

P3= 12 x 0.01 = 0.12

*Assemblage photographs

Measurements
Fill in the table with the measurement data:

R (Ω) V(V) I(A) P(W)

R1 992 11.86 0.0122 0.144
R2 212 11.79 0.0547 0.648
R3 1168 11.80 0.0143 0.12
Total 1550 11.86 0.0778 0.924

Data Analysis
Technical comment on the working of the circuit and analysis of the data obtained and
expected.

The result was the expected but with a little of tolerance of the components. For this reason,
you must do your theorical calculations leaving some margin for be 100% sure that the circuit
will work.
2.3 Mixt Circuit
The following circuit will be assembled:

Theoretical calculations
Fill in the table with the data calculation:

R (Ω) V(V) I(A) P(W)

R1 1000 6.3 0.0063 0.04
R2 1500 5.7 0.0038 0.021
R3 2200 5.7 0.0026 0.014
Total 1891.90 12 0.0063 0.076

Calculation procedure:

R total:

(1 / 1500 + 1 / 2200) /1= 891.90

891.9 + 1000 = 1891.90

I total 12 / 1891.9 = 0.0063

I1 = 6.3 / 1000 = 0.012

I2 = 5.7 / 1500 = 0.0038

I2 = 5.7 / 2200 = 0.0026

V1 : 1000 x 0.0063 = 6.3

V 2 3: 12- 6.3 = 5.7

P total: 12 x 0.0063 = 0.076

P1: 6.4 x 0.0063 = 0.04

P2: 5.7 x 0.0038 = 0.021

P3: 5.7 x 0.0026 = 0.014

*Assemblage photographs

Measurements
Fill in the table with the data calculated in the units required:

R (Ω) V(V) I(A) P(W)

R1 992 6.38 6.33mA 0.04
R2 1489 5.71 3.81mA 0.021
R3 2168 5.66 2.49mA 0.014
Total 1875 12.03 6.35mA 0.076

Data Analysis
Technical comment on the working of the circuit and analysis of the data obtained and
expected.

The result was the expected but with a little of tolerance of the components. For this reason,
you must do your theorical calculations leaving some margin for be 100% sure that the circuit
will work.

For example, the resistances have that 10% of margin that can affect the measurements a lot.
Exercise 1
Answer reasoning the following questions based on the following layout:

Which will be the value of the total resistance of the circuit?

It will be R1 plus R2 because there’s a cable deleting R3

What voltage value with regards to the negative should indicate the tester in point C?

It will indicate 0 v because there is only a few cm of cable dividing negative point and point C
so basically it is the same point

What voltage value between the points C and E? And between E and negative? Explain the
existing relationship between both values.

C and E are exactly the same point because there is a cable communicating that means it is 0v.

Between E and negative it will result 0v because there is a cable communicating too

What current value should flow through ammeter AMP1?

All the current of the circuit will take the less resistance way, so amp1 won’t get any current or
maximum a residual one
Exercise 2

Answer reasoning the following questions based on the following layout:

Which of both ammeters will indicate a greater current value?

AM2 will indicate more current because there is less resistance on its front.

What resistance will indicate a greater drop of voltage of the circuit?

R5 because it’s the bigger one and the one that have more voltage.

In which point the voltage value in relation with the negative will be the maximum? In which
one will be the minimum?

A maximum, because it ain didn’t pass any component.

D minimum, because it’s basically the same point divided by a few cm of cable

In which point of the circuit should the current have a value of 0A?

If the circuit its closed all the circuit should have current. Point C it will be the minimum.