2013 to 2024

 May 2013 General Elections held against the

backdrop of repeated rumors, more violent incidents
and deaths.
 Voters were not afraidof bombings and suicide
attacks.
 111 political parties and independent candidates.
 Dominated parties PPP, PMLN, PTI, MQM, ANP
 MMA 4 Islamic parties Alliance
 Defa-i-Pakistan council militant Islamic parties.
 MDM (Muttahida Deeni Mahaz)
 10 party Alliance led by pir pagaro for Anti-PPP
deposition.
 Reports of mismanagement in some polling stations.
 Manipulation of the electoral process to till the results.
 Mismanagement and rigging
 PMLN got majority emerged as single largest party
 Voter turn-out 55.02
 Nawaz Sharif Prime minister
 Imran Khan Opposition leader
 Political movement led by Imran Khan IN August
2013, Imran Khan led a massive protest in Pakistan,
known as the "Azadi March" (Freedom March), which
aimed to demand electoral reforms and to call for the
resignation of then-Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. The
protest came after Khan's Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
(PTI) party accused Sharif's government of rigging the
2013 general elections.
 August 2013, Imran Khan led a massive protest in
Pakistan, known as the "Azadi March" (Freedom
March), which aimed to demand electoral reforms and
to call for the resignation of then-Prime Minister
Nawaz Sharif. The protest came after Khan's Pakistan
Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) party accused Sharif's
government of rigging the 2013 general elections.
 The primary objectives of Tahir-ul-Qadri's Long
March were to demand electoral reforms,
eradication of corruption, and the dissolution of
the government led by then-Prime Minister Nawaz
Sharif. Tahir-ul-Qadri accused the government of
corruption and called for systemic changes to
ensure better governance and accountability.
 similar to Imran Khan's Azadi March, with
thousands of participants camping out in the city's
streets for several days. However, unlike the Azadi
March, Tahir-ul-Qadri's protest did not lead to
significant political change or the resignation of
the government.
 The primary objectives of Tahir-ul-Qadri's Long
March were to demand electoral reforms,
eradication of corruption, and the dissolution of
the government led by then-Prime Minister Nawaz
Sharif. Tahir-ul-Qadri accused the government of
corruption and called for systemic changes to
ensure better governance and accountability.
 similar to Imran Khan's Azadi March, with
thousands of participants camping out in the city's
streets for several days. However, unlike the Azadi
March, Tahir-ul-Qadri's protest did not lead to
significant political change or the resignation of
the government.
 The International Consortium of Investigative
Journalists (ICIJ) played a pivotal role in the release of
the Panama Papers, one of the largest leaks of financial
documents in history. The Panama Papers were a
massive trove of documents leaked from the
Panamanian law firm Mossack Fonseca, which
specialized in setting up offshore companies and
facilitating financial transactions for clients around the
world.
 The leak, which was first received by the German
newspaper Süddeutsche Zeitung, consisted of 11.5
million documents spanning a period of several
decades.
 Documents revealed the offshore holdings and
financial activities of numerous politicians, public
officials, celebrities, and business figures from
various countries. The Panama Papers exposed
how these individuals and entities used offshore
accounts and shell companies to conceal wealth,
evade taxes, and engage in illicit financial
activities.
 The Panama Papers revealed significant
information regarding the financial affairs of
several members of the Sharif family.
 Prime Minister of Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif, and his
children. The leaked documents indicated that Nawaz
Sharif's children, including his daughter Maryam
Nawaz and his sons Hasan and Hussain Nawaz, owned
offshore companies and properties, which they had not
disclosed in their public financial declarations.
 The Panama Papers scandal intensified political
pressure on Nawaz Sharif and his family, leading to
allegations of corruption and calls for accountability.
The opposition in Pakistan, led by figures such as
Imran Khan, seized upon the revelations to demand
Nawaz Sharif's resignation and the initiation of
investigations into the alleged corruption.
 In April 2017, the Supreme Court of Pakistan
conducted a high-profile investigation into the
Panama Papers revelations, known as the Panama
Papers case. The court ultimately disqualified
Nawaz Sharif from holding public office, citing his
failure to disclose his assets and income, as well as
the ownership of offshore companies by his
children. This decision led to Nawaz Sharif's
ousting from the prime ministerial position.
 Soft coup. Of Military
 Shahid Kahqan Abbasi as PM for next 10 months.
 The general elections held on July 25, 2018, saw the
Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) party, led by former
cricketer Imran Khan, emerge as the single largest
party, securing a plurality of seats in the National
Assembly.
 The incumbent party at the time, the Pakistan Muslim
League-Nawaz (PML-N), led by former Prime
Minister Nawaz Sharif (until his disqualification
following the Panama Papers case), faced challenges
including allegations of corruption and governance
issues. Another major party, the Pakistan Peoples Party
(PPP), led by Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, also contested
the elections, seeking to regain its political influence.
 The Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) was
formed in September 2020 as an alliance of opposition
political parties in Pakistan. The coalition was
established with the aim of ousting the government led
by Prime Minister Imran Khan's Pakistan Tehreek-e-
Insaf (PTI) party.
 The PDM comprised several major opposition parties,
including the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-
N) led by Nawaz Sharif (who was in exile), the
Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) led by Bilawal Bhutto
Zardari, and other smaller parties and factions. The
alliance brought together parties with differing
ideologies and agendas but shared a common goal of
challenging the PTI government.
 The formation of the PDM was prompted by
various factors, including allegations of electoral
rigging in the 2018 elections, dissatisfaction with
the government's performance, concerns about the
economy, and issues related to governance and
accountability.
 The PDM organized a series of protest rallies and
public gatherings across Pakistan, demanding
electoral reforms, accountability for alleged
corruption, and the resignation of Prime Minister
Imran Khan. The alliance also called for a
restoration of what it perceived as democratic
norms and institutions in the country.
 Despiteinitial momentum, the PDM faced
internal disagreements and challenges,
including differences in strategy and
leadership dynamics. Some parties within the
alliance had divergent views on key issues,
leading to tensions and divisions.
 At midnight, the National Assembly was adjourned
to meet on 12:02 AM on 10 April 2022. 10 April
2022: The no-confidence motion passes with 174
votes, a majority in the National Assembly, which
resulted in Imran Khan losing the confidence of
the house and ceasing to hold office of Prime
inister.
 Khan became the first Prime Minister in Pakistan’s
history to be removed by such a Parliamentary
vote.
 Confident that it had the requisite numbers, a
delegation of senior opposition lawmakers —
including PML-N’s Marriyum Aurangzeb, Rana
Sanaullah, Ayaz Sadiq and PPP’s Shazia Marri —
submitted the no-trust motion against Imran with
the National Assembly Secretariat as Asad Qaiser,
the NA speaker, was not present at the time.
 The opposition submitted two sets of documents,
one under Article 54 of the Constitution to
requisition the lower house of parliament because
it was not in session, and the other a resolution
calling for a no-confidence vote against the prime
minister.
 Pakistan was plunged into a major political crisis April
3, when the deputy speaker of the parliament, in a
violation of the constitution, refused to hold a vote of
no confidence that would have led to Khan’s ouster,
arguing that the opposition’s move to unseat him was
part of a U.S. effort at regime change.
 Minutes later, Khan went on television to announce
that he had asked the president to dissolve parliament
and call for fresh elections, which was another
violation of constitutional rules. The Supreme Court
took suo motu notice of the crisis, and a five-member
bench is expected to rule on the legality of these
developments.
 PTI chief has roared at the top of his lungs
that he was ousted through a “foreign
conspiracy” (a claim he has since dialled
back on) and had demanded — and continues
to do so — that elections take place in the
country forthwith.
 In the last quarter of 2021, it emerged that
Imran had dug in his heels over the
appointment of the country’s new spymaster
as he wanted Lt Gen Faiz Hameed, who has
since retired, to continue in the role.
 On March 27, Imran made his countermove during the
party’s power show in Islamabad titled Amr Bil
Maroof (enjoin the good). In a nearly two-hour-long speech,
he alleged that the no-trust move was part of a ―foreign-
funded conspiracy‖ hatched against his government over his
refusal to have Pakistan’s foreign policy be influenced from
abroad.
 ―Attempts are being made to influence our foreign policy
from abroad. We have been aware of this conspiracy for
months. We also know about those who have assembled
these people (the opposition parties) but the time has
changed. This is not the era of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
 ―This is the era of social media. Nothing can be hidden. We
will not accept anyone’s dictation. We will have friendships
with everyone but we will not submit ourselves to anyone.
 130 cases involving PTI leaders, party
workers
 Cypher case
 Tosha Khana case
 Nikkah case
 9th May case
 The May 9 riots were a series of clashes that took
place on 9 May 2023, in Pakistan. Following the
illegal arrest of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI)
leader and former Prime Minister of
Pakistan, Imran Khan, from the grounds of
the Islamabad High Court without an arrest
warrant, demonstrations held by PTI's supporters
descended into riots.
 There was damage done to government and
military facilities by the military itself to frame
Imran Khan. As a result of the protests fast
becoming violent and engaging law enforcement.
 The government responded with a mobile internet
blockade and a crackdown against PTI leaders,
workers, and supporters, as well as those perceived
to be allied to the party's cause within the media
and legal fraternity.
 Trials of civilians within military courts were also
initiated and are being challenged in the
country's Supreme Court. The PTI alleges that the
incidents of 9 May were a false flag operation
designed by the military establishment to
disintegrate the party and frame Imran Khan.
 2024 elections every political party is allowed for
campaign except PTI.
 PTI is not allowed for regular campaigns gatherings or
corner meetings even not allowed for online meetings,
jalsas or online political gatherings, even that day party
workers, supporters face too much connectivity
problems. People are forced to use VPN.
 Ban on mainstream media to use IMRAN KHAN
name.
 Illegal arrests of politicians and Journalists murder of
Arshad Sharif and illegal arrest of Imran Riaz khan,
Asad Toor etc.
 February 8, 2024, general elections for its
National Assembly and provincial assemblies.
 128 million voters are registered to vote, nearly
18,000 candidates competing for 336 NA seats and
749 PA seats.
 PTI is out from elections due to allegations of intra
party elections, all its candidates compete elections
as independent candidate.
 Lawyers hold control of PTI party instead of
politicians with the permission of IMRAN KHAN.
 Independents (including those affiliated with the PTI) –
99
 PMLN – 71
 PPP – 53
 Others – 27
 A coalition government ―would probably be unstable,
weak‖ and ―the big loser … will be the army‖, said
Marvin Weinbaum, the director of Afghanistan and
Pakistan Studies at the Middle East Institute in
Washington, DC.
 ―Because the army really has staked its reputation on
its ability to deliver this vote.‖
 Shehbaz Sharif elected Pakistan PM for second
term after controversial vote.
 Shehbaz secured 201 votes in the 336-member
National Assembly, comfortably prevailing over
rival Omar Ayub Khan, who won 92.
 Khan was backed by the Sunni Ittehad Council
(SIC), the political group legislators belonging to
former Prime Minister Imran Khan’s Pakistan
Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) party joined after the PTI
was barred from contesting for allegedly violating
election laws.
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