KEY WORD TRANSFORMATION

For questions 1- 100, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between
3-6 words, included the word given.

1. The moment I shouted he ran away.

SOONER
No _________________________________________________ he ran away.

2. I'm sure that it was the sound of the rain that disturbed me.
MUST
It ___________________________________________________ of the rain that disturbed me.

3. I managed to finish all the homework before the deadline.

SUCCEED
I____________________________________________________ the homework before the deadline.

4. I took the only course open to me and changed my job.

DID
What I __________________________________________________, which was the only course open to me.

5. They don't allow people who arrive late at the opera house until the interval.
ARE
People who arrive late at the opera house ______________________________________________ until the
interval.

6.It was only after telling everyone that it was his birthday that John got lots of cards.
HAVING
John only got lots of cards________________________________________________ it was his birthday.

7. It's impossible that you saw John last night - he is in the USA!
HAVE
John's in the USA, so _________________________________________________ him last night.

8. I am confident that he will be successful in his career.

CHANCES
I am confident ____________________________________________________ in his career.

9. If you feel stressed, breathing slowly should calm you down.

MAKE
Breathing slowly __________________________________________________ if you feel stress.

10. I am really bad at remembering people's names when I meet them.

MEMORY
I ___________________________________________________________ people's names when I meet them.
11. He lost his job because he was inefficient.
GROUNDS
He lost his job _________________________________________________________his inefficiency.

12. I'm sorry that I didn't help him.

REGRET
I ___________________________________________________________ him.

13 I couldn't go away for the weekend because I didn't have enough money.
PREVENTED
I was ___________________________________________________________ for the weekend by lack of
money.

14 Jane was advised to work harder by her Maths teacher.

RECOMMENDED
Jane’s Maths teacher ___________________________________________________ harder.

15 This was Peter's biggest challenge to date.

FACED
Peter _________________________________________________________ challenge before.

16 I wish I had tried harder when I was at school.

REGRET
I really ______________________________________________________ when I was at school.

17 I wish people wouldn't talk during the performance – it makes me really uptight.
NERVES
It really _____________________________________________________ people talk during a performance.

18 Can you suggest a way of turning dreams into reality for ambitious people?
TRUE
Can you suggest how _______________________________________________ for ambitious people?

19. I don't want to take part in the project.

RATHER
I ___________________________________________________ part in the project.

20. I don't have any free time, so I can't come to the theatre with you.
WOULD
If I __________________________________________________ come to the theatre with you.

21. This milk is bad - it smells terrible!

OFF
This milk______________________________________________ it smells terrible!

22. What the archaeologists discovered when they opened the tomb was amazing.
MADE
The ________________________________________________ when they opened the tomb was amazing .

23. People are more interested in history than you might expect.
LESS
You __________________________________________________ interested in history.

24. For me, imagining what life must have been like then is just not possible .
QUITE
I find it ________________________________________________ what life must have been like then.

25. It's difficult for a poorly performing company to make a profit.

TURN
If a company is performing poorly, it's difficult ________________________________________________ one .

26. The failure of the company was incredibly disappointing.

BITTERLY
I __________________________________________________________________ the failure of the company.

27. The number of people travelling through the airport was highest in August.
REACHED
The number of people travelling through the airport _____________________________________________ in
August.

28. There has been a huge increase in tourism this year.

GROWN
Tourism _____________________________________________________ this year.

29. The number of visitors to the island has fallen dramatically.

STEEP
There ______________________________________________________ the number of visitors to the island.

30. We have maintained the level of visitors to the museum this year.
STABLE
The number of visitors to the museum _____________________________________________________ this
year.

31. The shares index fell slightly before recovering to its previous level.
BRIEF
There _________________________________________ the shares index before it recovered to its previous
level.

32. Although many travel companies had financial difficulties last year, they seem to have recovered now.
TREND
Although many travel companies had financial difficulties last year, it seems as though
____________________________________________ now.

33. Some people have been saying what a good move emigrating would be,
ARGUED
It ____________________________________________________ emigrating would be a good move.

34. The size of the population is unlikely to change much in the near future.
STABLE
The size of the population __________________________________________________ in the near future.
35. “I think Joe should seriously reconsider his plans”: said the careers advisor,
RECOMMENDED
The careers advisor____________________________________________________ his plans.

36. It doesn't matter if you think you know the subject well, you must revise for the exam.
HOWEVER
You must revise for the exam, _________________________________________________ you know the
subject.

37. It was only after telling everyone that it was his birthday that John got lots of cards.
HAVING
John only got lots of cards__________________________________________________ it was his birthday.

38. However hard she tries, she still manages to offend people.
MATTER
It _________________________________________________________ she tries, she still manages to offend
people.

39. Whatever film you want to see will be good for us.
MIND
We_______________________________________________________ film you want.

40. Before he put forward the proposal, I'm sure he took the comments of local residents on board.
WILL
Before he put forward the proposal, I'm sure he ________________________________________ of local
residents on board.

41. I expect I'll leave home before I'm twenty.

TIME
I expect I will _____________________________________________________ I'm twenty.

42. I know that I'll find the right job soon.

MATTER
I know ____________________________________________________ before I find the right job.

43. They confidently expect the broadcast to go ahead at 6 p.m.

SURE
They_____________________________________________________ go ahead at 6pm.

44. I'm sure he'll get a promotion very soon.

LONG
I'm sure it _______________________________________________________ he gets a promotion.

45. I have decided to make a definite plan for my future career.

AM
What ______________________________________________________ is make a definite plan for my future
career.

46. Staying another night would have meant paying more.

IF
I would have had to_______________________________________________________ another night.

47. People will always want entertainment, providing that they have the time to enjoy it.
LONG
There will always be a need for entertainment, _________________________________________ the time to
enjoy it.

48. Scientists have made an unexpected discovery in the treatment of cancer.

BREAKTHROUGH
There __________________________________________________ in the treatment of cancer.

49. I thought very hard but couldn't remember the answer.

RACKED
I _____________________________________________________ to remember the answer.

50. I made the decision to go to university after all.

DECIDED
What I______________________________________________________ to university after all.

51. However hard I look, up to now I haven't been able to find a job.
ALTHOUGH
I haven't been able to find a job ____________________________________________________ looking really
hard.

52. I don't think my future job prospects are very good, which is very worrying.
ABOUT
I __________________________________________________________ my future job prospects.

53. Originally, the course was to include music, but that changed.
HAVE
Originally, the course _______________________________________________________ but that changed.

54. The only thing I didn't love about the concert was the price.
FOR
I loved everything_______________________________________________________ the price.

55. Even if you think you know the person well, you must work at the relationship.
HOWEVER
You must work at the relationship______________________________________________________ know the
person.

56. It was only when he started to work hard that Peter got good results.
AFTER
Peter got good results__________________________________________________ work hard.

57. I planned to visit her on Friday but I heard she'd gone on holiday.
WOULD
I_____________________________________________________ on Friday but I heard she'd gone on holiday.

58. They were supposed to publish my book next month but it's been delayed.
DUE
Although my book___________________________________________________ next month, it's been delayed.

59. I'd planned a meeting with her at the weekend but she called it off.
GOING
I _________________________________________________________ at the weekend but she called it off.

60. The irate customer refused to speak to anyone other than the store manager.
ON
The irate customer ___________________________________________________ to the store manager and no
one else.

61. I was just about to call you to tell you about the rearranged meeting.
POINT
I was _______________________________________________________ you to tell you about the rearranged
meeting.

62. My sister was totally shocked when she won the lottery.
CAME
Winning the lottery _____________________________________________________ my sister.

63. Joe originally intended to drive but the bad weather caused him to change his mind.
WAS
Joe's _________________________________________________ drive but the bad weather caused him to
change his mind.

64. It was heavy snow on the line that delayed the train.
HELD
The train would have arrived on time if it ______________________________________________ heavy snow
on the line.

65. She realised she'd lost her keys the moment she arrived home.
SOONER
No __________________________________________________________ she realised she'd lost her keys.

66. He clearly felt very strongly about the situation, which took me by surprise.
STRENGTH
It ___________________________________________________________ about the situation that took me by
surprise.

67. Brian was interested in North American history in his school days.
INTEREST
Brian __________________________________________________________ North American history in his
school days.

68. When it comes to population, Beijing’s is much bigger than Auckland’s.

POPULATED
Beijing is _______________________________________________________________ than Auckland.

69. The manager should think about experience when hiring new staff.
CONSIDERATION
The manager should __________________________________________________________ when hiring new
staff.

70. .As soon as I got home I realized I had left my keys at the office.
UNTIL
Not______________________________________________________realize I had left my keys at the office.

71. “Why don't you try Steak it Easy on Queen Street?”

SUGGESTED
She ______________________________________ on Queen Street.

72. “Sorry I’m late, my car broke down”, Kate said.

FOR
Kate _____________________________________________________ and explained that her car had broken
down.

73. He forgot to sign the papers and to pay the fee.

DID
Not only ___________________________________________the papers, but also to pay the fee.

74. You mustn’t speak to other candidates.

ACCOUNT
On ________________________________________________ to other candidates.

75. You should never leave the door open.

NO
Under _______________________________________________________the door open.

76. I have never seen such an incompetent lawyer before.

BEFORE
Never ____________________________________________________ such an incompetent lawyer.

77. He´s rarely in his office when I phone.

EVER
Hardly_______________________________________________________when I phone.

78. As soon as I got into the shower the phone rang.

HAD
No sooner _____________________________________________________than the phone rang.

79. They had no idea that their conversation was being recorded.
REALIZE
Little________________________________________________________that their conversation was being
recorded.
80. I always hated pasta when I was a child but now I cook it regularly.
USE
I____________________________________________________ pasta when I was a child but now I cook it
regularly.

81. I find it hard to explain what it is I admire about him.

WHY
I find it hard to explain the_________________________________________ up to him.

82. They’re so late, they probably missed the flight.

MIGHT
They’re so late, they ______________________________________ the flight.

83. I regret having told him where the keys are.

WISH
I _____________________________________________ him where the keys are.

84. “I didn’t take the money!”, Stella said.

TAKEN
Stella________________________________________________ the money.

85. The union leader said the crisis was caused by the banks.
ACCUSED
The union leader__________________________________________________ the crisis.

86. Robert demanded to hire a new assistant.

ON
Robert____________________________________________________ a new assistant.

87. “Why don’t we postpone the match?”, Rachel suggested.

OFF
Rachel ______________________________________________________ the match.

88. “Remember to include Jack in the guests’ list, Helen”, Stewart said.
REMINDED
Stewart _____________________________________________________ in the guests’ list.

89. Mike said that he was responsible for stealing the painting.
TO
Mike admitted ____________________________________________________ the painting.

90. “Sorry I’m late, my car broke down”, Kate said.

FOR
Kate _____________________________________________________ and explained that her car had broken
down.

91. Paul said he wouldn’t wear a costume for the party.

REFUSED
Paul_________________________________________________________________ party.
92. Everyone knows she is a close friend of the Prime Minister.
BE
She____________________________________________________ a close friend of the Prime Minister.

93. Government measures of this type would be of huge benefit to us.

HUGELY
It would be_________________________________________________ the government took measures of this
type.

94. One expectant mother I know demanded to have her baby at home rather than in hospital.
ON
One expectant mother that I know________________________________ birth to her baby at home rather than
in hospital.

95. John has a habit of getting angry when there isn’t a good reason for it.
TEMPER
John will often_______________________________________________________particular reason.

96. When we got to the resort we discovered that it was better than we expected.
TURNED
When we got to the resort_________________________________________________ be better than we
expected.

97. Make sure you look after your bag in this café as there are many thieves around.
EYE
I’d advise you______________________________________________ your bag in this café as there are many
thieves around.

98. Someone has made the suggestion that our current data-entry system be replaced.
RID
It has been______________________________________________ of our current data-entry system.

99. .We saw a bear almost as soon as we began our journey.

SIGHT
No sooner had we set______________________________________________ of a bear.

100. I didn’t realize that she would suffer in the first place.
DID
Little ___________________________________________________ would suffer in the first place.