Target PT 2018

PRACTICE
WORKBOOK
of 115

Science & Technology

Test-5
st
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 Science & Technology Test-5
Part -1
1. Which of the following statements regarding
Operating System is/are correct?
1. The Operating System is a component of
the system Software and hardware in a
computer system.
2. For hardware functions such as input and
output and memory allocation, the
Operating system acts as an intermediary
between programs and the computer
software.
3. Operating System usually require an
Application program to function..
Codes:
(a) 1 and 3
(b) Only 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) None
2. Consider the following statements related to
Cruise Missile:
1. Cruise Missile fly within the earth’s
atmosphere and use jet engine
technology.
2. Hypersonic cruise missile travels at a
speed of more than 5 Mach.
3. Cruise missiles can be launched from
land based facilities only.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) Only 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) All
3. Consider the following statements about
"Augmented Humanity".
1. Augmented Humanity defines the use of
technology to both aid, and replace,
human capability in a way that joins
person and machine as one.
2. Under Augmented humanity wearable
devices begin to pre-empt what an
individual want through mood, heart
rate and body temperature.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Both
(d) None
4. Consider the following statements regarding
Science, Technology and Innovation Policy
(STI) 2013:
1. The policy goal is to accelerate the pace of
discovery and delivery of science led
solutions.
2. The policy seeks the right sizing of the
gross expenditure on research and
development
3. The policy seeks to create a public
procurement policy that favors
indigenous innovations.
4. The policy seeks to gain global
competitiveness in select technological
areas through indigenous technology &
innovations.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) All
5. Consider the following statements regarding
the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM):
1. The Mission envisages manufacturing of
supercomputing systems in India.
2. The Mission would be implemented and
steered jointly by the ISRO and DRDO.
 3. The Mission seeks to develop highly
professional High Performance
Computing (HPC) aware human
resource.
4. The Mission supports the government's
vision of "Digital India" and "Make in
India" initiatives.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 2, 3 and 4
(d) All
6. Consider the following statements about
Gaofen-4 Satellite:
1. It is China's high-definition optical
imaging satellite and world's most
sophisticated HD geosynchronous orbit
remote sensing satellite.
2. It is located at the polar orbit and moves
synchronously with the earth.
3. It will be used for surveillance for border
areas and security in coastal region.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) Only 1
(d) All
7. Which of the following are the objectives of
National Policy on Information Technology
2012?
1. It aims to promote innovation and R&D
in cutting edge technologies.
10. Consider the following statements regarding
2. It aims to encourage adoption of ICTs in
key economic and strategic sectors to
improve their competitiveness and
productivity.
3. It aims to create a pool of 10 million
additional skilled manpower in ICT.
4. It aims to deregulate the Regulatory and
Security Framework of Cyberspace
ecosystem to encourage internet usage.
Codes:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1, 3 and 4
(c) 1 and 3 (d) All
8. Consider the following statements regarding
the Supercomputer:
1. Supercomputers generally aim for
maximising in capability computing
rather than capacity computing.
2. The speed of supercomputers is
measured and benchmarked in 'FLOPS'
(Floating point Operations Per Second)
and 'MIPS' (Million instructions per
second).
3. PARAM YUVA II is the first Green
supercomputer of India.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) Only 3 (d) All
9. Consider the following statements regarding
the Denial-Of-Service (DoS) attack:
1. Denial-Of-Service (DoS) attacks attempt
to breach the security perimeter of a
website.
2. Denial-Of-Service (DoS) attack has been
launched to establish a long-term
foothold and hijack sensitive information.
3. In a DoS attack, a perpetrator uses a
multiple Internet connection to exploit
software vulnerability.
4. DoS attacks target sites or services hosted
on high-profile web servers such as
banks, credit card payment gateways.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) Only 3 (d) Only 4
the Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) of India:
1. India has become the fourth country to
have successfully tested the anti-missile
system after the US, Russia and Israel.
2. India's Advanced Air Defence (AAD)
missile is only for high altitude
interception.
3. India's Prithvi Air Defence (PAD) missile
is only for low altitude interception.
4. Ballistic Missile Defence of India can
shield an entire country against incoming
 missiles, such as intercontinental ballistic
missiles of over 7,500-kilometer range.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) Only 3
(c) Only 1
(d) 1 and 3
11. Consider the following statements regarding
the National Knowledge Network (NKN):
1. NKN is intended to connect all the
knowledge and research institutions in
the country using high latency network.
2. NKN is a state-of-the-art Pan-India
network.
3. NKN is intended to connect all the
knowledge and research institutions in
the country using high bandwidth.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) All
12. Which of the following pairs are correctly
matched?
1. SAGA – India
2. NUDT Tianhe – Japan
3. Cray Titan – US
4. Shaheen II – Pakistan
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1, 3 and 4
13. Consider the following statements about the
Near field communication (NFC):
1. NFC is a long-range high frequency
wireless communication technology.
2. NFC tags are passive data stores which
can be read, and under some
circumstances written to, by an NFC
device.
3. IT major Tech Mahindra has launched
India's first commercial NFC ecosystem,
'Tap N Pay' contactless digital payment
wallet MoboMoney.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3 (d) All
14. Which of the following are the goals of
NASA's Near-Earth Object?
1. To study about the current and future
position of near earth objects relative to
Earth.
2. To provide warnings on potential
collision impact hazards of near earth
objects.
3. To develop NEO deflection methods.
Codes:
(a) Only 1
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) All
15. Consider the following statements regarding
the IP Telephony:
1. IP telephony is a technology for the
delivery of voice communications and
multimedia over Internet Protocol (IP)
networks.
2. IP telephony is a technology that refers to
providing communications services via
the public switched telephone network
(PSTN).
3. IP telephony allows both voice and data
communications to be run over a single
network
4. In IP telephony, no direct link between
location and communications end point
exists.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) All
16. Which of the following schemes has been
launched by the government to meet the solar
energy targets?
 1. To set up 40 GW solar rooftop
programme where grid connectivity is
already exist.
2. The Government has approved Scheme
for setting up of 25 Solar Parks, each with
the capacity of 500 MW and above.
3. Surya Mitra Scheme launched for
creating 50,000 trained personnel- within
a period of 5 years.
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2
(c) Only 1 (d) All
17. Consider the following statements related to
Light Emitting Diodes:
1. LEDs can emit light of an intended colour
without the use of colour filters that
traditional lighting methods require.
2. When dimming is required, LEDs
changes their colour tint as the current
passing through them is lowered to
increase the life-cycle.
3. LEDs do not contain mercury, unlike
compact fluorescent lamps.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3 (d) All
18. Consider the following statements regarding
the Cryogenic Technology:
1. Cryogenic technology involves the use of
rocket propellants at extremely low
temperatures.
2. The combination of liquid oxygen and
liquid hydrogen offers the highest energy
efficiency for rocket engines.
3. In cryogenic technology Liquid oxygen
(LOX) is more widely used as fuel for
rockets.
4. In cryogenic technology liquid hydrogen
is more widely used as an oxidizer to
produce large amounts of thrust.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) All (b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1 and 2 (d) 1, 2 and 4
19. Harvest failures and rising food prices pose a
particular threat to the food security of people
across the developing world.
In this regard consider the following
statements regarding the applications of
Agricultural Nuclear Technology:
1. The technology is used for sterilization,
mostly of herbs, but also for fruits and
vegetables.
2. The technology is used for genetic
modification of plants to increase yields.
3. In nuclear technology the exposure to
direct and High-dose radiation kills
bacteria and other pathogens.
4. The technology deactivates seeds creating
more disease-resistant crops, and thus
dismisses the need for fertilizers or
pesticides.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4 (d) All
20. Consider the following statements regarding
the Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM):
1. An Intercontinental Ballistic Missile
(ICBM) is a guided ballistic missile
primarily designed for nuclear weapons
delivery.
2. Modern design of an Intercontinental
Ballistic Missile (ICBM) allows single
missile to carry several warheads, each of
which can strike a different target.
3. BRAHMOS-II, a supersonic cruise missile
is an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile of
India.
4. A ballistic missile travels well within the
atmosphere.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1 and 2
21. Which of the following are the applications of
Biotechnologyin environmental conservation?
1. To reverse desertification.
 2. For Bio-remediation of polluted Codes:
environment. (a) 1 and 2
3. To reverse Green house effect. (b) Only 2
4. For Air purification. (c) Only 3
Codes: (d) None
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 24. Which among the followings are associated
(c) 2 and 3 (d) All with Cloud Computing/Cloud Services?
22. Which of the following is/are not the 1. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
UAV(Unmanned Areal Vehicle) of India? 2. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
1. AURA 3. Hardware as a Service (HaaS)
2. Rustom 4. Storage as a Service (STaaS)
3. Panchi Codes:
4. Slybird (a) 1, 2 and 3
Codes: (b) 1, 2 and 4
(a) Only 1 (c) 2, 3 and 4
(b) Only 3 (d) All
(c) Only 4 25. The National Optical fibre network which
(d) None will connect all the 2,50,000 Gram panchayats
in the country will use Dark fibre network for
23. Recently ExoMars Mission was in news,
it. What does the term dark fibre signifies?
which of the following statements is/are
correct related to it? (a) Dark fibre network is the network
infrastructure which is used by private
1. The European Space Agency (ESA) and
telecommunication companies for
NASA has established this to investigate
connecting villages.
the Martian environment.
(b) Dark fibre network is the unused
2. It was launched into space on a Proton
network infrastructure that is a mixture
rocket from Baikonour cosmodrome in
of cabling, switches and repeaters.
Russia.
(c) Dark fibre network is the unused
3. The second phase of the Mission consist
network infrastructure that is used for
of a Mars rover will launch in 2018.
military purposes.
(d) Dark fibre network is the network
infrastructure which switches between
online and offline mode as per
requirement.
Select the correct answer using the codes
given below:

 Science & Technology Test-5 Answers
Part -1
Ans. 1. (b)
Exp: The operating system is a component of the
system software in a computer system.
For hardware functions such as input and
output and memory allocation, the operating
system acts as an intermediary between
programs and the computer software.
Application programs usually require an
operating system to function.
Ans. 2. (a)
Ans. 3. (c)
Exp: Augmented Humanity is a phrase that was
coined in 2010 by ex-Google CEO Eric
Schmidt. It defines the use of technology to
both aid, and replace, human capability in a
way that joins person and machine as one.
This is the next stage of our reliance on
technology, where wearable devices begin to
pre-empt what we want through our mood,
heart rate and body temperature. This
augmentation also defines machinery used to
replace or enhance parts of the body.
Ans. 4. (b)
Exp: It is to be noted that STI 2013 seeks to gain
global competitiveness in select technological
areas through international cooperation and
alliances.
Ans. 5. (a)
Exp: It should be noted that the mission would be
implemented and steered jointly by
Department of Science and Technology (DST)
and Department of Electronics and
Information Technology (DeitY). The mission
envisages manufacturing of supercomputing
systems in India. The Mission seeks to
develop highly professional High
Performance Computing (HPC) aware human
resource. The Mission supports the
government's vision of "Digital India" and
"Make in India" initiatives.
Ans. 6. (c)
Exp: It will be used for surveillance of geological
disasters and forest disasters, disaster
prevention and relief and meteorological
forecast. It is placed in geosynchronous orbit.
Ans. 7. (a)
Exp: National Policy on Information Technology
2012 aims to promote innovation and R&D in
cutting edge technologies, to encourage
adoption of ICTs in key economic and
strategic sectors to improve their
competitiveness and productivity. It also aims
to create a pool of 10million additional skilled
manpower in ICT. The policy aims to
strengthen the Regulatory and Security
Framework of Cyberspace ecosystem for
ensuring a Secure and legally compliant
Cyberspace.
Ans. 8. (c)
Exp: It is to be noted that Supercomputers
generally aim for the maximum in capability
computing rather than capacity computing.
The speed of supercomputers is measured
and benchmarked in 'FLOPS' (Floating point
Operations Per Second). The speed of
supercomputers (Performance of a
supercomputer) is measured and
benchmarked in "FLOPS" (Floating point
Operations per Second), and not in terms of
"MIPS" (Million Instructions per Second), as is
the case with general-purpose computers. It is
important point to remember that high
 performance supercomputers usually require
high energy, as well.
Ans. 9. (d)
Exp: It is to be noted that DoS, unlike other kind of
cyber attacks, which are typically launched to
establish a long-term foothold and hijack
sensitive information, denial of service attacks
do not attempt to breach the security
perimeter of a website rather, they attempt to
make a website and servers unavailable to
legitimate users. In a DoS attack, a
perpetrator uses a single Internet connection
to either exploit software vulnerability or
flood a target with fake requests-usually in an
attempt to exhaust server resources (e.g.,
RAM and CPU). Denial-of-service (DoS)
attack is an attempt to make a machine or
network resource unavailable to its intended
users. DoS attacks target sites or services
hosted on high-profile web servers such as
banks, credit card payment gateways.
Dramatic increase in the number of spam
emails is one of the features of DoS.
Ans. 10. (c)
Exp: India has become the fourth country to have
successfully tested the anti-missile system
after the US, Russia and Israel. India's BMD
programme, launched in the middle of the
previous decade, is a two-tiered shield system
consisting of two interceptor missiles, namely
the Prithvi Air Defence (PAD) missile for high
altitude interception and the Advanced Air
Defence (AAD) missile for lower altitude
interception. However, the Indian BMD,
mainly focusing to counter missiles with less
than 5,000-km range, is still to become
operational as further tests of the BMD
system are being planned. It is the multiple-
missile threat defence system called the
National Missile Defence (NMD) of the US
can shield an entire country against incoming
missiles, such as intercontinental ballistic
missiles of over 7,500-kilometer range and
other shorter range ballistic missiles.
Ans. 11. (b)
Exp: NKN is a state-of-the-art Pan-India network.
It is aimed at establishing a strong and robust
internal Indian network and intended to
connect all the knowledge and research
institutions in the country using Low latency
network and high bandwidth. It is to be
noted that a low latency network is a network
in which the design of the hardware, systems
and protocols are geared towards minimizing
the time taken to move units of data between
any two points on that network.
Ans. 12. (b)
Exp: NUDT Tianhe-2 belongs to China & Shaheen
II belongs to Saudi Arabia.
Ans. 13. (b)
Exp: NFC is a short-range high frequency wireless
communication technology.
Ans. 14. (d)
Exp: Near-Earth objects (NEOs) are asteroids or
comets with sizes ranging from meters to tens
of kilometers that orbit the Sun and whose
orbits come close to that of Earth's. Of the
more than 600 000 known asteroids in our
Solar System, almost 10 000 are NEOs.
Largest near earth asteroid 1036 ganymed by
NASA near earth object programme
NASA NEO observation prog since 1998
Ans. 15. (c)
Exp: Voice over IP (VoIP) is a methodology and
group of technologies for the delivery of voice
communications and multimedia sessions
over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as
the Internet. It allows both voice and data
communications to be run over a single
network. In IP telephony, no such direct link
between location and communications end
point exists.
Ans. 16. (d)
Ans. 17. (c)
Exp: When used in applications where dimming is
required, LEDs do not change their colour tint
 as the current passing through them is
lowered, unlike incandescent lamps, which
turn yellow.
Ans. 18. (c)
Exp: Cryogenic technology involves the use of
rocket propellants at extremely low
temperatures. The combination of liquid
oxygen and liquid hydrogen offers the
highest energy efficiency for rocket engines
that need to produce large amounts of thrust.
But oxygen remains a liquid only at
temperatures below minus 183° Celsius and
hydrogen at below minus 253° Celsius.
Building a rocket stage with an engine that
runs on such propellants means overcoming
engineering challenges. Cryogenic fuels are
fuels that require storage at extremely low
temperatures in order to maintain them in a
liquid state. These fuels are used in
machinery that operates in space (e.g. rocket
ships and satellites) because ordinary fuel
cannot be used there, due to absence of an
environment that supports combustion (on
earth, oxygen is abundant in the atmosphere,
whereas in human-explorable space, oxygen
is virtually non-existent). Cryogenic fuels
most often constitute liquefied gases such as
liquid hydrogen. In cryogenic technology,
liquid hydrogen is most widely as a fuel not
as an oxidizer. Liquid oxygen (LOX) is even
more widely used but as an oxidizer, not a
fuel.
Ans. 19. (a)
Exp: With respect to the agricultural nuclear
technology option 1 & 2 are correct, however
option 3 and 4 are incorrect. In ANT, the
exposure to indirect not direct and low-dose
radiation kills bacteria and other pathogens.
In option 4, agricultural nuclear technology
activates seeds creating more disease-resistant
crops, and thus dismisses the need for
fertilizers or pesticides.

Ans. 19. (d)
Exp: An intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) is
a guided ballistic missile primarily designed
for nuclear weapons delivery. Modern design
of an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM)
allows single missile to carry several
warheads, each of which can strike a different
target. BRAHMOS-II is a hypersonic cruise
missile. It is not an intercontinental ballistic
missile. A ballistic missile is launched directly
into the high layers of the earth's atmosphere.
It travels well outside the atmosphere.
Ans. 21. (d)
Ans. 22. (c)
Exp: UAV of India are Nishant, Rustom, AURA,
Panchi, etc.
Ans. 23. (c)
Exp: It is mission of Russian Federal Space Agency
(Roscosmos) and European Space Agency
(ESA). Baikonour cosmodrome space station
is in Kazakhstan.
Ans. 24. (b)
Exp: The Cloud Services available are
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as
a Service (PaaS), Software as a Service (SaaS)
and Storage as a Service (STaaS).
Ans. 25. (b)
Exp: The NOFN project provides internet access
using existing optical fiber and extending it to
the Gram panchayats. Connectivity gap
between Gram Panchayats and Blocks will be
filled. The project was intended to enable the
government of India to provide e-services
and e-applications nationally. A special
purpose vehicle Bharat Broadband Network
Limited (BBNL) was created as a Public
Sector Undertaking (PSU) under the
Companies Act of 1956 for the execution of
the project. It will use dark fibre network i.e.
unused fibre infrastructure.
 Science & Technology Test-5
Part -2
1. Consider the following statements regarding
the satellites in the NAVIC system:
1. In the NAVIC system, satellites move in
low-earth and geostationary orbit to
improve both the time lag issue as well as
coverage.
2. The geostationary satellites in NAVIC
system move in circular orbits, while the
low-earth orbit satellites move in
elliptical orbits.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Both
(d) None
2. The satellite of the ISRO Aditya will be
positioned at one of the Lagrange points.
Consider the following statements related to
the Lagrange points:
1. The Lagrange points mark positions
where the combined gravitational pull of
the sun & earth provides precisely the
centripetal force required to orbit with
them.
2. The objects at these points are never
shadowed by the Earth or the Moon.
3. The point could help in monitoring the
evolution of active sunspot regions before
they rotate into a geo-effective position.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) Only 2
(c) Only 1
(d) All
3. Consider the following statements regarding
the missile systems of India:
1. The Nirbhay missile is a short-range,
surface-to-surface, ballistic missile
capable of achieving hypersonic speeds.
2. The Prithvi Missile system is a strategic
missile system whereas the Agni Missile
system is a tactical missile system.
3. Shaurya is a long-range, subsonic cruise
missile.
Which of the statements given above are
incorrect?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3 (d) All
4. Consider the following statements regarding
the Project Loon:
1. Project Loon of Google is for providing
internet access to rural and remote areas
using high-altitude helium-filled
balloons.
2. Project Loon balloons will travel in the
Ionosphere for transmission of radio
waves and signals to wider area.
3. The balloon uses solar panel and wind to
power electronic equipment in the
balloon.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) 1 and 3
(d) All
5. With the advent of Information age and
proliferation of Social networking Sites there
are serious repercussions on cyber security.
 Consider the following statements regarding (b) 2 and 3
cyber crimes: (c) 1, 2 and 3
1. Vishing is the act of using the telephone (d) 1 and 3
in an attempt to scam the user.
8. Consider the following statements about the
2. Cyber squatting is the act of registering a
Multi-Application Solar Telescope (MAST):
famous domain name and then selling it
for the fortune. 1. It is Asia's biggest telescope inaugurated
at Laddakh.
3. Malicious Software are the Internet-based
software or programs that are used to 2. It will provide 3 Dimensional (3D)
disrupt a network. images of solar activities such as solar
blast and solar flares.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
3. The telescope will be capable of
(a) Only 2 capturing high resolution images even
(b) 1 and 3 during the daytime.
(c) 2 and 3 Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(d) All (a) Only 1
6. Which among the following doesn't constitute (b) 2 and 3
Mission Mode Projects under the National e- (c) 1 and 3
Governance Plan (NeGP)?
(d) All
1. Banking
9. Which of the following are the applications of
2. Geoengineering
nanotechnology in environmental
3. UID conservation?
4. Pension 1. Magnetic nanoparticles is used for water
5. Immigration treatment and remediation.
6. Income Tax (IT) 2. TiO2 nanoparticles is used for the
catalytic degradation of water pollutants.
Codes:
3. Nanocatalysts are used for more efficient,
(a) 1 and 2
cheaper, and better-controlled catalytic
(b) 1, 2 and 4 converters for environmental
(c) Only 2 management.
(d) Only 1
Codes:
7. Consider the following statements regarding (a) 1 and 2
the Digital Convergence: (b) 2 and 3
1. It refers to the coming together of (c) 1 and 3
telecommunications, computing and
(d) All
broadcasting into a single digital bit-
stream 10. Which of the following are the proposed
2. It also refers to the coming together of advantages of Indian based Neutrino
different cloud data interface into a single Observatory (INO)?
cloud infrastructure. 1. Neutrinos may play a role in nuclear
3. Digital India aims at the digital non-proliferation through the remote
convergence of rural and urban India by monitoring of nuclear reactors.
developing indigenous tech-nologies. 2. Neutrinos can help us to detect mineral
and oil deposits deep in the earth.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
 3. Neutrinos can open up a faster way to 13. In the context of Telecom Technology,
send data than the current 'around the consider the following statements about "5G
earth' model, using towers, cables or Technology":
satellites. 1. 5G refers to all-Internet Protocol (IP)
4. Neutrinos can help in understanding the circuit-switched networks giving mobile
dark matter in the universe. ultra-broadband (gigabit speed) access.
Select the correct answer using the codes 2. 5G will use light-emitting diodes to
given below: transmit data, rather than radio wave.
3. 5G, mobile broadband could reach
Codes: speeds of up to 10 gigabytes and will
(a) 1, 3 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 4 have lower infrastructure deployment
(c) 3 and 4 (d) All costs.

11. Consider the following statements regarding Which of the above given statements is/are
the 'India's 3-Stage Nuclear Power correct?
Programme': (a) 1 and 2
1. The first stage envisages setting up of (b) 2 and 3
Fast Breeder Reactors backed up by the (c) Only 2
processing plants.
(d) All
2. Second stage envisages setting up of
Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors and 14. Consider the following statements regarding
associated fuel cycle facilities. the 'Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors';
3. Third stage is in technology development 1. Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors
stage which envisages setting up of (PHWRs) are originally a Canadian
Advanced Heavy Water Reactors based design also called 'CANDU'.
on Thorium - Uranium 233 cycle. 2. Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors
(PHWRs) run on natural (unenriched) or
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
slightly-enriched uranium oxide fuel.
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
3. Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors
(c) Only 3 (d) 1 and 3 (PHWRs) use CO2 gas - a very weak
12. The ICT Development Index (IDI) is based on moderator & as the primary coolant.
which of the following parameters?
Which of the above statements are correct?
1. Fixed-telephone subscriptions per 100
(a) 1 and 3
inhabitants.
(b) 2 and 3
2. Adult Literacy Rate.
(c) 1 and 2
3. International internet bandwidth per
user. (d) All
4. Wireless broadband subscriptions per 100 15. Consider the following statements regarding
inhabitants. the HTML:
Select the correct answer using the codes 1. HTML is the standard markup language
given below: used to create web pages.
2. HTML stands for Higher Technology
Codes: Markup Language.
(a) 1, 2 and 3 3. Web browsers can read HTML files and
(b) 1, 3 and 4 render them into visible or audible web
(c) 2, 3 and 4 pages.
(d) All
 4. HTML describes the structure of a
website in a programming language.
Which of the above statements are incorrect?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 2 and 3
16. Which of the following statement correctly
defines the term “Smartphones”?
(a) Smartphone is a mobile phone with an
advanced mobile operating system which
combines features of a personal computer
operating system with other features
useful for mobile or handheld use.
(b) Smartphone is a system software with an
advanced mobile operating system which
combines features of a personal computer
application system with other features
useful for mobile or handheld use.
(c) Smartphone is a mobile phone with
anapplication program which combines
features of a personal computer
operating system with other features
useful for mobile or handheld use.
(d) Smartphone is a system software with an
advanced mobile operating system which
combines features of a personal computer
application system with other features
useful for mobile or handheld use.
17. Which of the following are not the
applications of Green Biotechnology?
1. Green Biotechnology is an integral
process of production and manufacturing
of high quality medicines & vitamins.
2. Green Biotechnology is the use of
genetically altered plants or animals to
produce more environmentally-friendly
farming solutions.
3. Green Biotechnology is used in designing
of transgenic plants for enhanced growth
in adverse weather conditions.
4. Green Biotechnology is a classic cross-
section technology which is used in the
designing of environmentally friendly
industrial solution to reduce carbon
emission.
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 4 (d) 3 and 4
18. Consider the following statements about the
Astrosat:
1. Astrosat is India's first dedicated multi-
wavelength space observatory.
2. It will observe the universe through
ultraviolet, optical, low and high energy
X-ray components of the electromagnetic
spectrum.
3. Astrosat is placed at medium earth
equatorial orbit at altitude of 1200 km.
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3 (d) All
19. Consider the following statements about
"Augmented reality (AR)":
1. Under this real-world environment
elements are augmented by computer-
generated sensory input such as sound,
video, graphics.
2. It makes the information about the
surrounding real world of the user
interactive and digitally manipulable.
3. It artificially create sensory experiences,
which can include sight, touch, hearing,
and smell.
Which of the following given statement is/are
correct?
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 3
(c) 1 and 2 (d) All
20. Recently, Indian scientists have developed
Herbal Medicine for Dengue. Consider the
following statements related to it:
1. It has been developed using alcoholic
extract derived from velvet leaf, a species
of flowering plant.
2. The drug has proved to be potent
inhibitor to all four types (strains) of
dengue virus.
3. The project was jointly undertaken by
Department of Biotechnology (DBT),
 under the Union Ministry of Science and 2. Eye surgery
Technology. 3. Psoriasis treatment
Which of the above statements are correct? 4. Micro machining
(a) 1 and 2 5. Mining of precious metals
(b) 1 and 3 Select the correct answer using the codes
(c) 2 and 3 given below:
(d) All Codes:
21. A 'Laser' is an electric apparatus for (a) 1 and 2
producing unified light waves that can be (b) 2, 3, 4 and 5
exactly controlled, precisely focused, and
(c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
when desired, made extremely powerful.
Which of the following are its applications? (d) All
1. Lasers are widely used in optical 24. Consider the following statements related to
metrology for extremely precise position the Bullet Train technology:
measurements for long-distance range 1. The Bullet Train has streamlined body to
finding and navigation. cause little wind resistance.
2. In clothing factories, computer-guided 2. The passenger compartments ride on top
lasers move across dozens of layers to of flatcars for minimizing vibrations.
cloth at a time, cutting material for
dozens of suits in a minute. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
3. It is used for optical data storage in Blue (a) Only 1
Ray discs. (b) Only 2
Which of the above statements are correct? (c) Both
(a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 1 (d) None
(c) Only 2 (d) All 25. Consider the following statements regarding
the 'superbug':
22. Recently, hygroscopic materials were in news
with reference to the promising research in 1. Superbug is a bacterium carrying more
Cloud seeding. Which among the following than one resistance gene.
are the hygroscopic materials? 2. Plasmids which are present in gram
1. Cellulose Fibers negative bacteria cannot encode for
resistance for any drug.
2. Ethanol
3. When the organisms become susceptible
3. Methanol
to most antimicrobials, they are often
4. Sulfuric Acid referred to as Superbugs.
5. Table Salt 4. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella-
Codes: pneumoniae are the most common
bacteria that make the New Delhi
(a) 4 and 5
Metallo-beta-lactamaseenzyme.
(b) All
Which of the above statements are correct?
(c) None
(a) 1 and 4
(d) 2, 3, 4 and 5
(b) 2 and 4
23. Excimer LASER is used in which of the
(c) 2, 3 and 4
following areas?
(d) 2 and 3
1. Microelectronic devices

 Science & Technology Test-5 Answers
Part -2
Ans. 1. (d)
Exp: NAVIC will enhance both civilian and
military navigation capability by providing
two kinds of services. The Standard
Positioning Service for the civilian use has
accuracy of up to 20 meters and the Restricted
Positioning for military use will have an
accuracy of 10 meters.
Three of the satellites in NAVIC system are in
geostationary circular orbits, while the other
four satellites are in geosynchronous elliptical
orbits, which are at an angle to the earth's
axis. The seven-satellite system is supposed to
provide navigational service for the whole
subcontinent up to about 1,500 kilometers
from the Indian borders covering the member
countries of the South Asian Association for
Regional Cooperation.
Ans. 2. (d)
Exp: The Lagrangian points are positions in an
orbital configuration of two large bodies like
sun & earth where a small object affected only
by gravity can maintain a stable position
relative to the two large bodies. Thus at
Lagrangian points the combined gravitational
pull of two large masses roughly balance each
other. Any small mass placed at this location
remains at constant distances relative to these
two large masses.
There are five such points, labeled L1 to L5,
all in the orbital plane of the two large bodies.
The first three are on the line connecting the
two large bodies and the last two, L4 and L5,
each form an equilateral triangle with the two
large bodies. The two latter points are stable,
which implies that objects can orbit around
them in a rotating coordinate system tied to
the two large bodies.
Ans. 3. (d)
Exp: The Shaurya missile is a canister launched,
short-range, surface-to-surface, ballistic
missile capable of achieving hypersonic
speeds. Shaurya is stored in a composite
canister, which makes it much easier to store
for long periods without maintenance as well
as to handle and transport.
The Agni Missile system is a strategic missile
system whereas the Prithvi Missile system is a
tactical missile system. The Prithvi missile is a
tactical surface-to-surface short-range ballistic
missile (SRBM) developed under the
Integrated Guided Missile Development
Program (IGMDP). It is deployed by Strategic
Forces Command. There are three variants of
Prithvi missile namely Prithvi I, II & III
deployed by Army, Air Force & Navy
respectively.
The Agni missile system consists of medium
to intercontinental range ballistic missiles that
are nuclear weapons capable surface to
surface missile.
Nirbhay is a long range, subsonic cruise
missile. It is an all-weather missile capable of
carrying conventional and nuclear war heads.
The missile has a range of more than 1000 km.
Ans. 4. (c)
Exp: Project Loon is a pet project of search engine
giant Google for providing Internet access to
rural and remote areas using high-altitude
helium-filled balloons. These balloons will be
placed at an altitude of about 18 km in the
stratosphere where wind speed is low and
turbulence is lowest. Each balloon can
provide full wireless broadband internet
coverage up to an area of 40 km and are
powered mainly by solar panels. These
 balloons will have a lifespan of about 180 • Magnetic nanoparticles for water treatment
days and can be recycled. and remediation
Ans. 5. (d) • TiO2 nanoparticles for the catalytic
degradation of water pollutants
Ans. 6. (c)
Applications in Air pollution and remediation
Exp: Central MMPs are:
• TiO2 nanoparticle-based photocatalytic
• Banking
degradation of air pollutants in selfcleaning
• Central Excise & Customs systems

• Income Tax (IT) • Nanocatalysts for more efficient, cheaper, and

better-controlled catalytic converters
• Insurance
• Nanosensors for detection of toxic materials
• MCA21 and leaks
• Passport • Gas separation nanodevices.
• Immigration, Visa and Foreigners Ans. 10. (d)
Registration& Tracking
Exp: Neutrinos are abundantly found in nature.
• Pension The Sun, the stars and the atmosphere
• e-Office produce millions of neutrinos every second.
Most of these neutrinos pass through our
• Posts body and we do not realize it. They can even
pass through the earth and come out on the
• UID
other side. The reason they can do this is
Ans. 7. (d) because they interact very less with anything
that come in their path. In simple words, an
Exp: Digital Convergence refers to the coming interaction is something that changes the
together of telecommunications, computing property of the particle like its speed,
and broadcasting into a single digital bit- direction etc.
stream. Digital India aims at the digital
convergence of rural and urban India by Ans. 11. (c)
developing indigenous technologies.
Exp: The second stage envisages setting up of Fast
Ans. 8. (b) Breeder Reactors backed up by processing
plants. The first stage which envisages setting
Exp: It is Asia's biggest telescope inaugurated at up of Pressurized Heavy Water reactors and
the Udaipur Solar Observatory in Rajasthan. associated fuel cycle facilities. Third stage is
Ans. 9. (d) in technology development stage which
envisages setting up of Advanced Heavy
Exp: Applications in Water treatment and remediation Water Reactors and based on Thorium -
• Nanomembranes for water purification, Uranium 233 cycle.
desalination, and detoxification Ans. 12. (d)
• Nanosensors for the detection of Exp: The ICT Development Index (IDI) is an index
contaminants and pathogens published by the United Nations
• Nanoporous zeolites, nanoporous polymers, International Telecommunication Union
and attapulgite clays for water purification based on internationally agreed information
and communication technologies (ICT)
indicators. This makes it a valuable tool for
 benchmarking the most important indicators
for measuring the information society. The
IDI is a standard tool that governments,
operators, development agencies, researchers
and others can use to measure the digital
divide and compare ICT performance within
and across countries. The ICT Development
Index is based on 11 ICT indicators, grouped
in three clusters: access, use and skills.
Ans. 13. (b)
Exp: 5G or 5th generation mobile networks or 5th
generation wireless systems is a term used to
denote the next major phase of mobile
telecommunications standards. Li-Fi, or light
fidelity, is a 5th generation visible light
communication network. Li-Fi uses light-
emitting diodes to transmit data, rather than
radio waves like Wi-Fi. The major difference
from a user point of view between 4G and 5G
techniques must be something else than
increased maximum throughput; for example
higher system spectral efficiency (data
volume per area unit), lower battery
consumption, lower outage probability (better
coverage), high bit rates in larger portions of
the coverage area, lower latencies, higher
number of supported devices, lower
infrastructure deployment costs, higher
versatility and scalability or higher reliability
of communications.
Ans. 14. (c)
Exp: Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs)
are originally a Canadian design (also called
"CANDU") accounting for almost 6% of
world installed nuclear generating capacity.
They run on natural (unenriched) or slightly-
enriched uranium oxide fuel in ceramic pellet
form, clad with zirconium alloy. PHWRs use
pressure tubes in which heavy water
moderates and cools the fuel. The Advanced
Gas-Cooled Reactor (AGR) use CO2 gas - a
very weak moderator - as the primary coolant
not the Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors
(PHWRs). A PWR core uses normal water as
both moderator and primary coolant - this is
kept under considerable pressure (about 10
MPa) to prevent it from boiling, and its
temperature rises to about 330°C after its
upward passage past the fuel. It then goes
through massive pipes to a steam generator.
Ans. 15. (b)
Exp: It is to be noted that HTML stands for -Hyper
Text Markup Language, commonly referred
to as HTML, HTML is the standard markup
language used to create web pages. Along
with CSS, and JavaScript, HTML is a
cornerstone technology, used by most
websites to create visually engaging web
pages, user interfaces for web applications,
and user interfaces for many mobile
applications. HTML describes the structure
of a website semantically along with cues for
presentation, making it a markup language,
rather than a programming language.
Ans. 16. (a)
Exp: Smartphone is a mobile phone with an
advanced mobile operating system which
combines features of a personal computer
operating system with other features useful
for mobile or handheld use.
A mobile operating system (or mobile OS) is
an operating system for Smartphone, tablets,
or other mobile devices.
An operating system (OS) is system software
that manages computer hardware and
software resources and provides common
services for computer programs. The
operating system is a component of the
system software in a computer system.
Application programs usually require an
operating system to function.
Ans. 17. (c)
Exp: It is to be noted that Green Biotechnology is
the use of genetically altered plants or
animals to produce more environmentally-
friendly farming solutions as an alternative to
traditional agriculture, horticulture, and
animal breeding processes. An example of the
Green Biotechnology is the designing of
transgenic plants that are modified for
improved flavor, for increased resistance to
pests and diseases, or for enhanced growth in
adverse weather conditions.
• Red biotechnology: Medicine
• Green biotechnology: Agriculture
• White biotechnology: Industry
Ans. 18. (a)
Exp: Astrosat is placed at low earth equatorial
orbit at altitude of 650 km.
Ans. 19. (c)
Exp: Augmented reality (AR) is a live direct or
indirect view of a physical, real-world
environment whose elements are augmented
(or supplemented) by computer-generated
sensory input such as sound, video, graphics.
With the help of advanced AR technology the
information about the surrounding real world
of the user becomes interactive and digitally
manipulable. Artificial information about the
environment and its objects can be overlaid
on the real world.
By contrast, virtual reality replaces the real
world with a simulated one. Augmentation is
conventionally in real-time and in semantic
context with environmental elements, such as
sports scores on TV during a match.
Virtual reality (VR), replicates an
environment that simulates a physical
presence in places in the real world or an
imagined world, allowing the user to interact
in that world. Virtual realities artificially
create sensory experiences, which can include
sight, touch, hearing, and smell.
Ans. 20. (d)
Exp: Dengue: It is a mosquito-borne tropical viral
disease. It poses a significant global public
health risk. India represents 50 per cent of the
global population estimated to be at risk of
dengue. Severe dengue is potentially fatal and
correlates with very high virus load that
caused reduction in platelet counts and
haemorrhage. The herbal dengue medicine
was developed using alcoholic extract of
Cissampelos pariera Linn (Cipa extract)
derived from velvetleaf, a species of
flowering plant. The drug has proved to be
potent inhibitor to all four types (strains) of
dengue virus.
Ans. 21. (d)
Exp: Lasers are sources of light with very special
properties, as discussed in the article on laser
light. In science, lasers are used in many
ways, including:
• A wide variety of interferometric techniques
• Raman spectroscopy
• Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy
• Atmospheric remote sensing
• Investigating nonlinear optics phenomena
• Holographic techniques employing lasers also
contribute to a number of measurement
techniques.
• Laser based lidar (LIght raDAR) technology
has application in geology, seismology,
remote sensing and atmospheric physics.
• Lasers have been used aboard spacecraft such
as in the Cassini-Huygens mission.
• In astronomy, lasers have been used to create
artificial laser guide stars, used as reference
objects for adaptive optics telescopes.
Ans. 22. (b)
Exp: Hygroscopy is the ability of a substance to
attract and hold water molecules from the
surrounding environment. This is achieved
through either absorption or adsorption with
the absorbing or adsorbing substance
becoming physically changed somewhat. This
could be by an increase in volume, boiling
point, viscosity or other physical
characteristic and properties of the substance,
as water molecules can become suspended
between the substance's molecules in the
process. Hygroscopic substances include
cellulose fibers (such as cotton and paper),
sugar, caramel, honey, glycerol, ethanol,
methanol, sulfuric acid, many fertilizer
chemicals, many salts (including table salt),
and a wide variety of other substances. Zinc
chloride and calcium chloride, as well as
potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide
 (and many different salts), are so hygroscopic
that they readily dissolve in the water they
absorb: this property is called deliquescence.
Ans. 23. (c)
Exp: An excimer laser is a form of ultraviolet laser
which is commonly used in the production of
microelectronic devices (semiconductor
integrated circuits or "chips"), eye surgery,
psoriasis treatment, and micro machining.
Ans. 24. (c)
Exp: Features of high speed train
• High speed
• Shape -Aero dynamics -pointed nose
• Material -aluminum body
• Continuous welded tracks -less maintenance,
less vibration
Environment
• Run on electric power-3 times efficient than
cars and 6 times than planes. (Catenary,
pantograph)
• Regenerative braking system -unlike
traditional braking (converts mechanical
energy to heat energy), it converts mechanical
energy to electrical energy --can be used for
other purpose
Safety
• In cab signaling -automatic application of
brakes if proper action is not taken by driver.
• Non ballasted slab track (track stability, less
maintenance, high load carrying capacity)
Driving technology

• Unlike conventional trains (running on
traction motor, where all coaches are pulled
by 1 motor), this uses electrical multiple units
--traction motors are attached to wheels of
many coaches
Communication
• Global system for mobile communication of
railway-international wireless communication
standard for railway communication
Ans. 25. (a)
Exp: Bacterium is carrying more than one
resistance gene it's called superbug. That way
bacterium could become resistant to more
than one antibiotic. It is known that plasmids
are present in gram negative bacteria, they
can be transmitted among bacteria and they
may also encode for resistance for many
drugs, this is a scientific fact and even
Government of India through the Ministry of
Health strongly refuted the move of naming a
superbug after the national capita by citing
this scientific fact. This is a phenomenon
which occurs in nature - in the environment,
may be intestines of humans and animals
universally. When the organisms become
resistant not susceptible to most
antimicrobials; they are often referred to as
Superbugs. It is their ability of resistance
which makes them almost immune to the
effects of most antibiotics. New Delhi
Metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) is an
enzyme that makes bacteria resistant to a
broad range of beta-lactam antibiotics. These
include the antibiotics of the carbapenem
family, which are a mainstay for the
treatment of antibiotic-resistant bacterial
infections.