Unit-2

Descriptive Analytics
• Descriptive analytics is a statistical interpretation used to analyze
historical data to identify patterns and relationships.
• Descriptive analytics seeks to describe an event, phenomenon, or
outcome. It helps understand what has happened in the past and
provides businesses the perfect base to track trends.
• Results are typically presented in reports, dashboards, bar charts and
other visualizations that are easily understood.
• Descriptive Analytics generally answers “What Happened?” or “What
is Happening?”
• Descriptive analytics helps to answer questions such as:
o “How much did we sell in reach region?”
o “How many and what type of complaints did we resolve?”
o “What was our revenue and profit last quarter?”

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 Process/steps of Descriptive Analytics

Quantify the Identify relevant data Organize the data

Goal (Business (Data Understanding) (Data Extraction and
Understanding) Preparation)

Presentation Data Analysis

1. Quantify goals: The process starts by translating some broad business

goals, such as better business performance, into specific, measurable
outcomes such as sales-by-product, cost-per-sale or conversion rate.
2. Identify relevant data: Teams need to identify any types of data that
may help improve the understanding of the critical metric. The data
might be buried across one or more internal systems or various third-
party data sources.
3. Organize data: Data from different sources, applications or teams
needs to be cleaned and normalized to improve analytics accuracy.
4. Analysis: Various statistical and mathematical techniques combine,
summarize and compare the raw data in different ways to generate
data features.
5. Presentation: Data features may be numerically presented in a report,
dashboard or visualization. Common visualization techniques include
bar charts, pie charts, line charts, bubble charts and histograms.

Application of Descriptive Analytics:

Descriptive analytics can be used to summarize different types of data.
The following kinds of data can all be summarized using descriptive
analytics:
• Financial statements
 • Surveys
• Social media engagement
• Website traffic
• Scientific findings
• Weather reports
• Traffic data
Uses of Descriptive Analytics:
Descriptive analytics can be used to for the following measure:
1. Measure of frequency
2. Measure of central tendency
3. Measure of dispersion
4. Measure of position

Statistics for Descriptive Analytics

ECM Frame work:

The ECM (Enterprise Content Management) framework is a set of tools,
processes, and strategies designed to manage an organization's content
effectively throughout its lifecycle. ECM encompasses the creation, capture,
storage, retrieval, distribution, and archiving of both structured and
unstructured content, such as documents, emails, images, videos, and other
digital assets.
The main components of an ECM framework typically include:
Document Management: This component focuses on managing
documents throughout their lifecycle, from creation to disposal. It includes
features such as version control, document check-in/check-out, document
security, and workflow automation to streamline document-centric
processes.
Records Management: Records management ensures that organizations
comply with regulatory requirements and internal policies for retention and
disposal of records. It involves classifying records, applying retention
schedules, managing records storage, and ensuring legal and regulatory
compliance.
Content Capture: Content capture involves capturing content from various
sources, such as scanners, email systems, web forms, and digital assets. It
may include features like optical character recognition (OCR), barcode
recognition, and automatic metadata extraction to facilitate content
ingestion.
Search and Retrieval: Search and retrieval capabilities enable users to find
and access content quickly and efficiently. This may include full-text search,
metadata-based search, faceted search, and federated search across multiple
repositories.
Workflow and Business Process Management: Workflow and BPM
capabilities automate and streamline business processes that involve
content, such as approval workflows, document review cycles, and contract
management processes. Workflow automation helps improve efficiency,
consistency, and compliance.
Collaboration and Social Content: Collaboration features enable users to
collaborate on content creation, editing, and review in real-time. Social
content capabilities may include discussion forums, blogs, wikis, and social
networking features to facilitate knowledge sharing and collaboration.
Integration: Integration capabilities allow the ECM system to integrate
with other enterprise systems, such as ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning),
CRM (Customer Relationship Management), and BI (Business Intelligence)
systems, to ensure seamless information exchange and interoperability.
Security and Compliance: Security features ensure that sensitive content
is protected from unauthorized access, manipulation, and disclosure.
Compliance features help organizations adhere to legal, regulatory, and
industry-specific requirements related to data privacy, confidentiality, and
information security.
An ECM framework provides a centralized platform for managing content
across the organization, improving collaboration, productivity, and
information governance. It helps organizations streamline business
processes, reduce operational costs, mitigate risks, and enhance decision-
making by providing timely access to accurate and relevant information.

benefits of ECM:
Minimizes compliance and regulatory risk. ECM provides a centralized
platform where content can be held and disseminated in a manner that meets
regulatory compliance requirements and risk management guidelines. An
ECM achieves this by eliminating ad hoc processes that can expose an
enterprise to regulatory compliance risks and other potential problems.
Provides a single source of truth. ECM software can provide organizations
with a single source of truth by structuring information so that it is only
stored once -- in a secure digital content repository. This reduces the risk of
duplication and ensures the entire enterprise has access to a single, approved
and authoritative piece of information.
Reduces cost. ECM reduces costs across the organization by automating
previously manual processes, reducing compliance penalties, minimizing
storage needs and reducing postal requirements. It also reduces the cost of
e-discovery in the event of a legal or compliance incident when lawyers or
compliance officers would require access to the organization’s content.
Improves customer satisfaction. When resolving customer issues,
customer service representatives require access to the right content at the
right time, which is one of the major goals of ECM. An ECM enables
employees to help customers more quickly and efficiently, thus improving
customer satisfaction.
Provides business continuity. An ECM platform that is properly
implemented enables a business to have high availability and uptime when
it comes to content. ECM incorporates archives, disaster recovery and
account backups.