1.

Heat capacity C is the amount of thermal energy required to raise the

temperature of a substance by 1 K (or 10C)
Formula =>
SI Unit => J K-1 or J oC-1
Specific hat capacity c is defined as the amount of thermal energy required
to raise the temperature of a unit mass of a substance by 1 K (or 10C)
Formula =>
SI Unit => J kg-1 K-1 or J kg-1 oC-1
2. (1) At the melting point, the thermal energy absorbed is used to break the
strong bonds between the particles of the solid. Only the total internal
potential energy of the particles is increased. Since none of the thermal
energy supplied is converted to kinetic energy, there is no change in
temperature during melting.
(2) [#pic1]
3. (a) When boiling occurs, the thermal energy given is only used to break the
bonds and intermolecular force between the liquid, hence increasing
internal potential energy. No energy is converted to kinetic energy. So
temperature does not increase.
(b) When condensation occurs, thermal energy is given off from the gas to
form strong bonds and intermolecular force between the gases, hence
decreasing internal potential energy. No energy is converted to kinetic
energy. So temperature does not decrease.
4.
Boiling Evaporation
Occurs at a particular temperature Occurs at any temperature
Relatively fast Relatively slow
Takes place throughout the liquid Takes place only at the liquid surface
Bubbles are formed in the liquid No bubbles are formed in the liquid
Temperature remains constant Temperature may change
External thermal energy source External thermal energy source not
required required