GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC

AWASARI (KHURD)
MICRO PROJECT
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2023-2024

TITLE OF PROJECT
QUESTION AND ANSWER OF UNIT NO:1
(Refrigeration)

PROGRAM CODE: ME6I

COURSE: REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
COURSE CODE: 22660
Guided by: - Mr. R.S.GIRGE

1|Page
 Government polytechnic, Awasari
Department of Mechanical Engineering

Certificate

This is to certify that the following group (students) members

of the fifth semester of diploma in Mechanical engineering of
institute, Government Polytechnic Awasari (code: 1051) have
completed the micro project satisfactory in subject
REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING (22660) for the
academic year 2023-2024 as prescribed in the curriculum.

…………………… …………………..
Place: Awasari (Kh) Date

……………………… ..…………………
Subject teacher Head of
Department

2|Page
 1.0 Brief Introduction.
A refrigeration system is a complex arrangement of components that
work together to transfer heat from one location to another, resulting
in the cooling or freezing of a space or substance. The key components
of a refrigeration system include compressors, condensers,
evaporators, expansion devices, and valves, etc.

2.0 Aim / Benefits of the micro-project.

The aim of this micro project is to be known about QUESTION AND

ANSWER OF UNIT NO:1 (Refrigeration) which is great example for
understanding the subject REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING.
The benefit of making this micro project is to be known about the
day to day life examples related to the subject.

3.0 Course outcomes: -

1. Explain the concept of COP

2. Calculate COP of Carnot and Bell colemen cycle
3. Sketch PV and TS diagram of Bell colemen cycle
4. List applications of refrigeration
5. Select components of air refrigeration system for given application

3|Page
 4.0 Action Plan.

No Details Planned Planned Name of

Sr. of Activity Start date finish responsible
date
1 Formation of All the group
Micro project members
Group
2 Selection of All the group
Micro project members
title
3 Collecting all All the group
information of members
project.
4 Management All the group
of members
part A
5 Management All the group
of members
part B

6 Submission of All the group

project members

4|Page
 5.0 Resources Required.

Sr. Name of specifications Quantity remarks

No resource/
material
1 Windows 10,4GB 1
Computer RAM &
500GB storage
2 Internet Wikipedia 1

3 MS office word 1

6.0 Group Members: -

Sr. Roll No. Name of student Enrollment Signature

No. No.
1 23ME311 Kekan Omkar Tukaram 2110510362
2 23ME312 Khade Ashok Ambadas 2110510363
3 23ME318 Shinde Vasant Rajaram 2110510379

5|Page
 Part B
1.0 Aim / Benefits of the micro-project.

The aim of this micro project is to be known about QUESTION AND

ANSWER OF UNIT NO:1 (Refrigeration) which is great example for
understanding the subject REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING.
The benefit of making this micro project is to be known about the
day to day life examples related to the subject.

2.0 Course outcomes: -

 Explain the concept of COP

 Calculate COP of Carnot and Bell colemen cycle
 Sketch PV and TS diagram of Bell colemen cycle
 List applications of refrigeration
 Select components of air refrigeration system for given application

6|Page
2 MARKS

a) What is one ton of refrigeration? How it is calculated?

b) State the unit of refrigeration.
c) Define One ton of refrigeration.
d) One ton of refrigeration.

Ans.

The standard unit of refrigeration is 1 Ton.

One ton of refrigeration:

One ton of refrigeration is defined as "the quantity of heat required to

remove from one ton of ice within 24 hours when initial condition of
water is zero degree centigrade", because the same cooling effect will
be given by melting the same ice.

Taking latent heat of fusion of ice = 335 kJ/kg

One ton of refrigeration 1000 x Latent heat of ice / 24

1000 x 335 /24 x 60 = 232.6 kJ/min

In actual practice, one tonne of refrigeration is taken as equivalent to

210 kJ/min or 3.517 kW.

1 Ton = 3.517 kW = 210 kJ/min

e) Define refrigeration effect / desire effect.

Ans.

"The science of providing and maintaining temperature below 7 that of

surrounding atmosphere".

It means that continuously extraction of heat from a body whose

temperature is already below the temperature of its surroundings.
7|Page
f) COP:

Ans.

Coefficient of Performance of refrigerator is the ratio of heat removed

from sink (Refrigerating effect) by the device and work done required.
COP = Refrigerating effect / Work done

The value of COP is always greater than 1

g) State the law related to refrigeration.

According to Clausius statement of second law of thermodynamics that

it is impossible to construct a device (Heat pump) to transfer heat
energy from lower temperature to higher temperature without the aid
of external work. So refrigeration obeys the Clausius statement.

A machine which pumps heat from lower temperature to higher

temperature, this machine is known as refrigerator and the process of
removal of heat is known as refrigeration process.

4 MARKS

a) Differentiate between heat pump and refrigerator (any four

parameters).

8|Page
b) Explain working of simple air cooling system used to represent
with a neat sketch (block diagram). plot the cycle on T-S diagram and
find out its COP.
Ans.

c)

9|Page
Draw neat label systematic diagram of a simple air aircraft cooling
system represent TS diagram.

d) Draw the floor diagram of simple aircraft cooling system.

Ans.

e) An inventor has claim to have manufactured a refrigerator having

COP 7.4 which working between -10°c and 30°c check whether is
claim is correct or not.
10 | P a g e
Ans.

Comment: The Manufacturer claim is not correct because the COP of

the refrigerator is found to be 6.575 which is less than claim COP 7.4.

f) Show Bell Coleman air refrigeration cycle on P-V and T-S diagram
showing directions of processes and name of equipment used for

11 | P a g e
each process. Also state COP of this refrigerator in terms of
temperatures.

g) Draw schematic diagram of Bell-Coleman air refrigeration cycle

with P-V and T-S diagram.

h) Represent Bell-Coleman cycle on P-V and T-S diagram.

i) Draw PV and TS diagram of Bell Coleman refrigeration cycle with all
processes.
j) Sketch boll Coleman cycle on P-V and T-S diagram. List processes
involved
k) Explain bell Coleman air refrigerator cycle with P-V diagram

Ans.

Equipment Used:

 Compressor (Process 1-2)

 After cooler (Process 2-3)
 Expander (Turbine) (Process 3-4)
 Regenerator (Process 4-1)

COP (Coefficient of Performance):

The COP of a refrigeration cycle indicates its efficiency in terms of

cooling produced per unit of work input. For the Bell-Coleman cycle,
COP can be expressed as:

COP = Q1 / W

Where:

 Q1 - Heat absorbed from the refrigerated space (Process 4-1)

 W - Work done by the compressor (Process 1-2)

COP is a function of the cycle temperatures:

12 | P a g e
  Higher T1 (refrigerated space temperature) will lead to a higher
COP.
 Lower T2 (after cooler outlet temperature) will also contribute to
a higher COP.

13 | P a g e