C Files PDocs English-Grade 8 Q3 2022-2023

8
English
Quarter 2
Modules 1-8
(DO_Q3_ENGLISH_8_MODULES1-8) i (DO_Q3_ENGLISH_8_MODULE1_LESSON1)
ENGLISH – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Modules 1-8
Revised Edition, 2022
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
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over them.
Published by the Department of Education: Sara Duterte Z. Duterte
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Carolina A. Cudal, Amie Ruth B. Bernardo, Catherine G. De Gula, Ed. D.,
Donna C. Corpuz, Lenilyn Adriano-Robles, Ludy B. Dizon
Reviewers: Dr. Winnie F. Tugade, Marry Ann A. Dofredo, Noelito T. Reyes
Language Editor: Sheen S. Esperillia
Content Editor: Marry Ann A. Dofredo Charmaine M. Obispo, Cheenee D. Gahuman,
Noelito T. Reyes, Julie Ann T. Ayuban, Sheen S. Esperillia, Glenda Z. Lindog
Illustrator: Jayson P. Delechos
Layout Artist: Jayson M. Bautista, Raphael A. Lopez
Management Team:
MELITON P. ZURBANO, Schools Division Superintendent
FILMORE A. CABALLERO, CID Chief
MELVIN WILLY B. ROQUE, PSDS, OIC LRMS
WINNIE F. TUGADE, EPS for English and Journalism
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education – National Capital Region – SDO VALENZUELA
Office Address: Pio Valenzuela St., Marulas, Valenzuela City

Telefax: (02) 292 – 3247
E-mail Address: sdovalenzuela@deped.gov.ph
ii (DO_Q3_ENGLISH_8_MODULE1_LESSON1)
8
English
(LEARNING AREA)
Quarter 3
(QUARTER NUMBER)
Module 1
(MODULE NUMBER)
Lesson 1: Examining
Biases (for or against)
Made by the Author
iii (DO_Q3_ENGLISH_8_MODULE1_LESSON1)
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can
continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each
SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that
you will be honest in using these.
In addition to the material in the main text. Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not Put Unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.
iv (DO_Q3_ENGLISH_8_MODULE1_LESSON1)
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master the process of examining biases (for or against) made by the author. The
scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
This module has the following objectives:
Focus Skill (MELC):
Examine biases (for or against) made by the author (EN8RC-IIIg-3.1.12)
Sub-skills:
1. React to what is asserted or expressed in a text (EN8RC-IIIe-2.1.7).
2. Recognize propaganda techniques used on a given text (EN8RC-IIIa-12.1).
3. Evaluate the details that support assertions in a text (EN8RC-IIIf-2.1.7.1).
Agree or Disagree?
Directions: Read the following sentences. Write A if you agree and D if you disagree
to the following statements below. Write your answer on a separate sheet
of paper.
___1. The symbol of justice is a blind-folded woman holding a balanced weighing

scale.
___2. Biased reporting is subjective or tending to favor one side.
___3. A writer is just or fair when he/she interviews and reports only one side of the
two contrasting parties.
___4. An editorial, being an opinion, is biased, as it argues for or against an issue.
___5. Favoring a certain race, age, group, or gender is a form of bias.
___6. A writer should be aware of his/her own biases and how these may be
expressed in writing.
___7. In writing, giving an overly favorable opinion of someone does not eliminate
objectivity.
___8. Sensitive language helps the writer in avoiding bias.
___9. Objectivity in writing means to write with curiosity, rather than having a preset
opinion, and to engage with research, rather than presenting a personal
preference.
___10. Writer uses first person plural pronouns such as our, we, us, to assume that
the reader has the same experience or viewpoint as the writer.
___11. If the author doesn’t use specific language, this could be an indicator of bias.
___12. Opinions are based on the truth.
___13. An author should let his/her feelings or emotions cloud his/her objectivity
with regard to something that he/she is writing about.
___14. Support your assertions with resources and research.
___15. Recognizing bias as a reader takes time to learn.
1 (DO_Q3_ENGLISH_8_MODULE1_LESSON1)
Lesson Examining Biases (for or against)
1 Made by the Author
“Never let someone’s opinion become your reality,” says Les Brown, an
American motivational speaker. This quote was taken from, “Start Up”, a K-drama
series about young entrepreneurs aspiring to launch virtual dreams into reality.
It is true that it would be wiser for the young to listen to the wisdom of the old
and be observant of the world around them. But as a growing individual, as you are,
one should draw the line between drawing opinions from others and making them
as their own decision. At the end of it all, one needs to take a stand.
Motive Question: Are you an impulsive buyer? That is, when you get easily swayed
by others’ opinions and make decisions in an instance.
Care to observe this picture below:
YES/NO
Categorical Questions
Are you familiar with the product in the picture?

1
Do you find the manner or style of the picture
2 appealing?
3 Do you agree with what the texts say?
Defining Bias
Note: If you could go online, watch this informative
video about identifying biases. Make sure to take
note of the important details discussed by the
speaker.
Key Points:
✔ Bias is the author’s preconceived opinion on https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccK9TTA6xiw&ab_ch

annel=TylerRablin
a subject. This may be for or against, in
favor or not in favor of the subject, say in the product endorsement, or a topic
or issue as in an editorial for a newspaper.
✔ The writer creates his idea or image about the subject to the reader or
audience. Hence, if not careful, a reader will absorb the message and later the
idea would become his own.
✔ According to the video, everyone has biases; the author and the reader both
have.
Bias is also in everything. The question of whether bias is good or bad depends
on the partiality or balance of facts and opinions in the text.
✔ Take for example, a news report’s format. It should be objective in the sense
that it is more on facts and opinions. If there is personality in the news, not
of the writer, it must not be biased.
✔ An editorial, since basically an opinion, is slightly biased. However, it balances

its opinion or stand with facts as evidence, which makes its argument on the
issue strong. In that sense, its purpose is persuasive—to influence readers to
accept its line of thinking.
Ways to detect bias:
1. Word choice and connotation - emotions and feelings associated with words
2. Name and titles - how people are referred to
3. Placement and size - determine importance (bottom/back of news source,

not important; top/front, important; small-not important; large/big-
important)
4. Selection and omission - What facts are being used? Are we getting the
whole, or merely a part? Something’s missing tip: use multiple sources
5. Images and videos
Activity 1. Identifying Propaganda Techniques

Directions: Match the term with its corresponding meaning. Write the letter of
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
A. Bandwagon B. Stereotyping/Generalizing C. Diversion
D. Stalling or Ignoring the Question E. Testimonial
____1.When a major issue comes up that is embarrassing or threatening, a diversion
is created so attention is directed away from the issue.
____2. This technique is used to play for more time or to avoid answering a pointed
question, so attention is directed away from the issue.
____3. These words are used to dupe us into accepting and approving of things
without examining the evidence carefully.
____4. This common propaganda method is when the speaker tries to convince us to
accept their point of view or else, we will miss out on something good.
____5. Giving a person or an idea a bad label by using an easy-to-remember
pejorative name
Directions: Read the following sentences carefully. Then, fill in the blanks to
complete the idea of the paragraph below. Choose from the pool of words in
the box.
I learned in this lesson how important it is that we are aware of the nature of
biases,
everyone and (1.) ____________has, including ourselves.
We are biased when we make prejudices about people and things we do not
know
much. Being (2.)_____________because of your difference is painful, especially now in
social media. Worst that it may lead to is (3.) ___________.
So, I resolved to be more (4.) ____________about my words and attitude toward
others
from now on. Another, I will check my sources of information before I share them.
And finally, I will try to be a (5.)____________citizen and consumer. Everybody is
entitled to his/her own opinion, but I will make sure I decide on my own.
Directions: Recall past experiences where you have personal biases or prejudices
on any one of the following aspects. How can the absence of biased
attitudes help bring a better picture for such situations? Guided by what
you have learned in this lesson, write a social account status statement for
the day on the space provided below.
1. Age--young and old
2. Race/color
3. Physical appearance--looks
What is on your mind
4. Gender-men, women, LGBTQ plus
today?
5. Education
6. Profession/Career
A. Directions: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words from the given choices.
Then, write the letter of your best answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. A news report should be _______, meaning—it is neutral, or not taking sides.
A. subjective B. objective C. biased D. unfair
2. A political ad for an election campaign is ________ when it only states the good
side of a candidate.
A. just B. objective C. biased D. fair
3. A commercial ad is _________ if it only praises the quality of its product while
putting down its competitors.
A. subjective B. objective C. neutral D. fair
4. It is common knowledge: most mothers are not__ ____judge of character when
it concerns their children.
A. fair B. subjective C. just D. biased
5. A story is _________ if it gives a big focus only on one character’s role, making
the others’ insignificant.
A. subjective B. objective C. fair D. just
B. Directions: Analyze each statement. Write BIAS if it expresses bias writing, and
NOT if it does not. Do this on a separate sheet of paper.
______6. Some educators do not consider each child's particular learning style when
developing lessons.
______7. Boys are typically good in Math than girls.
______8. Family is important to Asian countries.
______9. Teenagers' use of cell phones, specifically for texting, has increased 33% in
the last 2 years (McDonald, 2011).
______10. The man and woman turned out to be the directors of the Red Cross.
______11. Demi Lovato is non-binary. They come to understand their gender identity
after their ‘healing and self-reflective work’ over the past years.
______12. The epileptics consulted with specialists during the trial to address their
particular needs.
_____13. All Filipinos love spending Christmas with their families.
_____14. The student in a special education program scored 10 points higher.
_____15. The student was encouraged to submit her assignment electronically.
Directions: Help others become aware about biased information. Cut and paste below
a picture/label, or business ad that is subjective in nature. It would be
best if you can find some of these at your home. Give at least 3 examples.
Item Very Evident (5 Evident Slightly Evident Not Evident Rating

number points) (4 points) (3 points) (1 point)
1
2
3
(DO_Q3_ENGLISH_8_MODULE1_LESSON1) 6
Assessment What's More What I Know
Test A Activity 1 1. A
1. B 1. C 2. A
2. C 2. D 3. D
3. A 3. E 4. A
4. A 4. A 5. A
5. A 5. B 6. A
Activity 2 7. D
Test B 1. dreadful, so bleak 8. A
6. NOT 2. skyrocketing 9. A
7. BIAS 3. beloved, big 10. A
8. BIAS 4. criminal 11. A
9. NOT 5. seemed, please 12. D
10. NOT 13. D
14. A
15. A
Identifying Bias video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccK9TTA6xiw
https://www.uvm.edu/~jleonard/AGRI183/propoaganda.html
https://www.easel.ly/blog/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Fake-news-infographic.png
Propaganda/Biases Images:
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Bld97U1CYAA47kd.jpg
https://sc01.alicdn.com/kf/HTB134uwe8Cw3KVjSZFlq6AJkFXa6/200375189/HTB134uwe8Cw3KVjSZF
lq6AJkFXa6.jpg_.webp
https://4.bp.blogspot.com/-FtuMjgZDKfs/XEddl_8UIRI/AAAAAAAAAGE/sz-
cEdAHWD8d2ZFXqj2e0f4VnuaJfmDQwCLcBGAs/w1200-h630-p-k-no
https://myherbsandspices.files.wordpress.com/2010/03/img_2927.jpg
8
English
Quarter 3
Module 2
Lesson 1: Propaganda
Techniques
learn how to analyze the intention of words or expressions used in propaganda
techniques and the different persuasive devices and emphasis markers for
persuasive purposes. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.
The main goal of this lesson as stated in the Most Essential Learning
Competency (MELC) is to analyze intention of words or expression used in
propaganda (EN8V-IIIg-26)
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. use emphasis markers for persuasive purposes; (EN8G-IIIf-12) and,
2. use appropriate persuasive devices/propaganda techniques. (EN8OL-IIIG 1.14)
Let’s find out how much you know about propaganda/persuasive devices.
Remember to answer all items. After taking this short test, your answers will be
checked to find out your score. Take note of the items that you will not be able to
answer correctly and look for the right answers as you go through the module.
Directions: Read each statement. Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate
sheet of paper.
1. Facts or information that provide support are called ________.
A. reasons C. evidence
B. opinions D. persuasion
2. What word is a good one to use to ensure that you are giving reasons and not
just stating your position?
A. and C. if
B. because D. then
3. If an advertisement says: “We’ve all been there”, what is the advertiser trying
to do?
A. The advertiser is providing statistical evidence that this is a common
problem.
B. The advertiser is using emotive language to make the reader feels bad.
C. The advertiser is trying to gain the reader’s trust by relating to them.
D. The advertiser is demonstrating an understanding of their target market.
4. When a celebrity’s name is tied to a specific product, this is called a/an
_________.
A. interest C. entitlement
B. sponsorship D. endorsement
5. A justification for a position is called ________.
A. evidence C. a reason
B. a position D. an opinion
6. In advertising, ______ can be seen as an attempt to influence someone into buying
something by convincing them that they need or want it.
A. tagline C. marketing
B. testimonial D. persuasion
7. Why would the author want to share with the reader both sides to an issue?
A. This is to show the reader that the author has thought about both sides of
the issue. Here, the author will be able to shut down any counter argument that the
reader may have about the issue.
B. Because he/she wants to make one side look bad with false information
C. This is done to show the reader different causes of an issue, so that the
reader can create a solution.
D. To convince the reader to agree with the author about an issue through the
use of facts
8. What is the main intention of the author when writing a persuasive paper?
A. to convince the readers to agree with the author about an issue through
use of facts
B. to convince the readers to agree with the author about an issue through
the use of fictional facts
C. to raise awareness about issues in the world
D. to convince the readers to write their own counter argument
9. What does intended audience mean in reference to a persuasive text?
A. the specific group of people to which the author is speaking
B. the overall or central concept of the piece of writing
C. the reason the author is writing
D. the action the author wants from the reader
10. It refers to something that can be proven to be true.
A. Opinion C. Fact
B. Statement D. Bias
11. _________ is a mode of communication in which one group attempts to influence
the behavior or opinions of another, usually to support a particular agenda.
A. Propaganda C. Artwork
B. Rhetoric D. Advertising
12. Propaganda is a very powerful form of ___________.
A. informational texts C. persuasive writing
B. manipulative reporting D. testimonials
13. Propaganda techniques are used __________.
A. as figurative language
B. as persuasion motivators to prospective buyers
C. as ways to infer details
D. None of the above.
14. This type of propaganda creates a sense of isolation and triggers FOMO (fear of
missing out) in people who long to be a part of some desirable group.
A. Testimonial B. Fear appeals C. Stereotyping D. Bandwagon
15. This type of propaganda is based on putting the other party down. This starts
brand war.
A. Testimonial B. Name-calling C. Fear appeals D. Bandwagon
Lesson
1 Propaganda Techniques
Last time, we discussed fact, which generally refers to something that can be
proven to be true, while opinion refers to a personal belief, which others tend to agree
or disagree with, but they cannot prove or disprove.
As presented from the table below, the language used to introduce a
statement can be helpful in indicating whether it is being framed as a fact or an
opinion.
FACT OPINION
▪ The annual report confirms… ▪ He claimed that…
▪ Scientists have recently discovered… ▪ It is the officer’s view that…
▪ According to the results of the tests… ▪ The report argues that…
▪ The investigation demonstrated… ▪ Many scientists suspect

that…
The ability to distinguish between fact and opinion helps you develop your
critical and analytical skills, both in your reading and listening aspects. Fact and
opinion are often woven together in texts and speeches. It is therefore imperative that
you are able to unravel/figure out the threads of what is true from what is mere belief
if you are to successfully navigate the deluge/flow of media you will encounter in
your lifetimes.
Whether on the news, in advertising, or a history book, distinguishing between
fact and opinion is crucial to becoming an autonomous person with the critical
abilities necessary to avoid being manipulated easily.
Notes to the Teacher

This review of the past lesson facilitates the learners’
understanding on the different propaganda techniques which
has connections on the new lesson.
This time, match the correct emphasis marker to its definition.
Emphasis Marker Match-Up:
Directions: Match the emphasis marker in Column A to its definition in

Column B. Write your answer on a piece of paper.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. Emotive language A. Questions asked just for effect, or to emphasize
a point
2. Personal Pronouns B. Words used to make the reader feel like
you are talking to them
3. Exaggeration C. Language used to make the reader feel
certain emotions
4. Rhetorical questions D. Providing information that is inflated, or
over-the-top
5. Repetition E. Words used to indicate the degree to which
something is probable
6. Modality F. Important words or phrases that are used
more than once
How do these emphasis markers function in persuasive writing? Remember

that in persuasive writing, it aims to convince the reader of an idea or an opinion to
take an action. How? Well, this is possible by appealing to the audience through
reason, character and emotion, of course, by utilizing such emphasis markers.
These emphasis markers are words and expressions that emphasize a point
according to their categories and functions which are vital to understand and use
when writing persuasively. Check the six markers with definitions and examples,
which are provided on the table below.
EMPHASIS MARKERS DEFINITION EXAMPLE
Rhetorical question question asked just for Who doesn’t want

effect, or to emphasize a success?
point
Modality words used to indicate the It is certain that if we do

degree to which something not clean the ocean now,
is probable our environment will
suffer.
Emotive Language language used to make There are thousands of
the reader feel certain animals at the mercy of
emotions our selfishness and
disregard for kindness
Personal Pronoun words used to make the We have to work together
reader feel like especially in these trying
you are talking to them times.
Repetition Important words or It is up to us to make a
phrases that are used change; it is up to us to
more than once. make a stand and it is up
to us to make a
difference.
Exaggeration providing information that The playground will never
is inflated, or be clean again if everyone
over-the-top keeps littering like this!
For the other aspect of persuasive purposes, we also use propaganda
techniques. Propaganda is a form of communication that is aimed at influencing the
emotion, attitude, or behavior of a community toward some cause or position by
representing only one side of an argument or an assertion, which is commonly used
in modern advertising propaganda. An argument or an assertion is an enthusiastic
or energetic statement presented as a fact although it is not necessarily true. It often
implies that the statement requires no explanation or back up, but that it should
merely be accepted without question. Any time an advertiser states that its product
is the best without providing evidence for this, an assertion is already used.
In order to facilitate your understanding on propaganda techniques, a table

consisting of its definition and example is provided below:
PROPAGANDA DEFINITION EXAMPLE

TECHNIQUES
Name-Calling links a person, or idea, to

a negative symbol
Glittering Generalities links a person, or idea, to

a positive symbol
Transfer associating a respected
person or idea with
whatever is being
promoted
Testimonial seeking support for an

idea or product by having
it endorsed by a famous
person
Plain Folks users of this product or

proponents of this course
of action are simple,
down-to-earth people like
you and me
Card Stacking only presents information

which is favorable to the
person/cause/product.
Snob Appeal only the richest, most Lexus Sports Car- The
important, or most ultimate driving machine
discerning people like this
idea or product
Bandwagon Everybody's in favor of it;

join the crowd.
Activity 1: Emphasis Markers: CONFIRMATION
A. Directions: Choose and write the emotive language in the sentences given. Write
the emotion you feel in the box provided. Do it on a separate sheet of paper.
SENTENCE EMOTION
1. Think of the poor farmers that do not have harvest due to the
strong typhoon.
2. The puppy jumped joyfully when a lady took him home from the
pound.
3. Think about the exhausted children who must suffer through

the horrible task of homework.
B. Directions: Identify and choose from the box the appropriate emphasis marker
that is used in each of the given sentences. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.
REPETITON PERSONAL PRONOUN EXAGGERATION
1. We heal as one.
2. I was walking along when suddenly, an enormous dog appeared. It was as
big as an elephant.
3. Now is the time to have a strong faith and a compassionate heart. Now is
the time to cooperate and withstand the virus. Now is the time to stay
connected with our loved ones.
Activity 2: Emphasis Markers: SORT OUT

Directions: Read sentences below the table then locate and write them in the
appropriate column. Do it on a separate sheet of paper.
Emphasis Marker Sentence Emphasis Marker Sentence
Rhetorical Exaggeration
Question
Personal Emotive
Pronoun Language
Modality Repetition
Sentences taken from a persuasive text about homework:
1. Homework is destroying the childhood of today’s children.
2. It is certain that too much homework does not achieve anything for students; this
practice must be stopped!
3. Don’t students deserve to unwind and relax after a long day at school?
4. Think about all the exhausted children who must suffer through the horrific task
of homework every single night.
5. Too much homework is stressful for the student, boring for the student, and
pointless for the student.
6. We need to work together to make schools see that too much homework is an
unnecessary exercise.
Directions: Recall what you have learned about the lesson by completing the task
below.
I learned that
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________.
Directions: Use your Imagination: Create a COMMERCIAL using the framework

given as your guide.
Who is it for? Example: Are you an entrepreneur, a

cool teenager, a dog lover, a soccer fan,
etc...
What product or business are you Example: You should buy/come to _____
selling? It is a/an_____ (Products can be a toy,
type of clothing, food, movie
subscription, etc.…)
How much does it cost? The product/s cost/costs…(30.00/100

per month etc.…)
When is it available? It will be available/open…(Starting

December, in summer, while supplies
last etc.….)
What are the two reasons people should You should buy our product/s because
use or buy it? it is/they are (cheap, easy, quick, as
___as, etc. ….)
What is your slogan? Always remember… (We are the best!

Quicker is clever!, Scream for ice cream,
etc.….)
How can it be purchased? To buy the product/s (Call as now at

____, visit _____, address, etc.…)
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________
Let’s find out how much you have learned on this module. Remember to answer all
items. After taking this short test, your answers will be checked to find out your
score.
Directions: Choose the letter that you think best answers the question. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What propaganda technique is used in this line, “Why eat with a Clown, when you
can dine with the King”?
A. Card Stacking B. Testimonial C. Name Calling D. Bandwagon
2. You saw a TV personality, Angel Locsin, ordering in a fast-food chain. What
propaganda technique is being employed?
A. Plain Folks B. Snob Appeal C. Glittering Generalities D. Transfer
3. The strongest message of this technique is letting people feel like they will be “left
out” if they don’t join the crowd. What is described as a form of propaganda?
A. Transfer B. Testimonial C. Plain Folks D. Bandwagon
4. It is an appeal characterized by the manipulation of the reader’s emotions in order
to convince them in the absence of factual evidence. When used in propaganda, this
might include references to positive, or negative consequences, using people’s fears,
their spitefulness, their pity or their desire for flattery, or a tendency towards wishful
thinking.
A. Emotional B. Character C. Behavior D. Reason
5. ______ is a mode of communication in which one group attempts to influence the
behavior or opinions of another, usually to support a particular agenda.
A. Propaganda B. Rhetoric C. Artwork D. Advertising
6. Which propaganda technique relies on the credibility that people give to expert
opinions?
A. Testimonial B. Card Stacking C. Transfer D. Glittering Generalities
7. When an advertisement appeals to your feelings, and not to your logic, which
persuasive method is it using?
+
8. This technique tries to persuade you by getting you to associate positive feelings
with something that is familiar to you with an unfamiliar product or idea by linking
them together creatively.
A. Bandwagon B. Transfer C. Testimonial D. Snob Appeal
9. It is a strategy or technique of showing the products’ best features, telling half-
truths, and omitting or lying about its potential problems.
A. Card Stacking B. Glittering Generalities C. Name Calling D. Plain Folks
10. Which of the following is an example of Bandwagon technique?
A. Are you tired of thinking up new gifts every time you get a party invitation?
B. Don’t be the only person without a great gift at Christmas.
C. She once complained about thinking of a unique gift.
D. Other gift shops at SM are so expensive.
11. Speakers attempt to convince their audience that they and their ideas are “of the
people”. The technique is used by advertisers and politicians alike. It is called ______.
A. Testimonial B. Plain Folks C. Snob Appeal D. Transfer
12. The City Mayor will definitely help the evacuees. What emphasis marker is used
in the sentence?
A. Modality B. Exaggeration C. Emotive Language D. Personal Pronoun
13. Nobody wants children to die from incurable diseases. But the truth is, it
happens every day. Think of how many lives could be saved if we help to fund more
research. What persuasive method is used in the sentences given?
A. Logos B. Ethos C. Pathos D. None of the above
14. Which emphasis marker is used on the following? I listened to what you said. I
listened to what she said. But in the end, I listened to myself.
A. Repetition B. Exaggeration C. Personal Pronoun D. Emotive Language
15. Fruits and vegetables are healthy foods. ________ should eat them every day.
What personal pronoun must be used in the sentence?
A. They B. He C. She D. We
Directions: RECALL and REFLECT: Answer the following questions through an

essay/short composition.
1. Write about a time you convinced someone or others to do something or buy

something or believe something. What was it? How did you convince him/her/ them?
Do you think you are good at convincing people?
__________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________.
2. How do recognizing propaganda techniques make you a better consumer and

student?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________.
Assessment What’s New What I Know
1. C 1. C 1. C
2. B 2. B 2. B
3. D 3. D 3. C
4. A 4. A 4. D
5. A 5. F 5. C
6. A 6. E 6. D
7. A 7. B
8. B 8. A
9. B 9. A
10. B 10. C
11. B 11. A
12. A 12. C
13. A 13. B
14. A 14. D
15. D 15. B
Identifying Propaganda Worksheet. Study Resource.
https://studyres.com/doc/9039554/identifying-propaganda-worksheet
Layugan, A. (11, September 2016). Emphasis Markers. Prezi.
https://prezi.com/xshrxkeoxjo2/emphasis-markers/
Luenendonk, M. (2019). 7 Propaganda Techniques for Students to Understand.
Cleverism. https://www.cleverism.com/7-propaganda-techniques-for-students-to-
understand/
O’Donnell, G. S. (2005). How to Analyze Propaganda.
https://www.ffri.hr/~ibrdar/komunikacija/seminari/How%20to%20analyse%20pr
opaganda%20(Chapter6).pdf
Persuasive Advertising Techniques: Strategies That Truly Work. Buzzle. Persuasive
Advertising Techniques: Strategies That Truly Work - iBuzzle
Propaganda Techniques. https://www-
tc.pbs.org/weta/reportingamericaatwar/teachers/pdf/propaganda.pdf
Propaganda Techniques in Informational Text. Study.com.
https://study.com/academy/lesson/propaganda-techniques-in-informational-
text.html#lesson
Reading & Writing Persuasive Texts Chapter Exam. Study.com.
https://study.com/academy/exam/topic/reading-writing-persuasive-texts.html
8
English
Quarter 3
Module 3
Lesson 1: Examining
Biases (for or against)
Made by the Author
Designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the
nature of English. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.
The activities are based on the most essential learning competency: Determine
various social, moral, and economic issues discussed in the text listened to (EN8LC-
IIIh-7.4)
The sub-skill included is:
• Distinguish facts from opinions cited in the text listened to
The module is divided into two lessons, namely:
• Lesson 1- Recognize propaganda techniques used in a given text. (EN8RC-IIIb-
12.1)
• Lesson 2- Judge the relevance and worth ideas of presented in the text listened
to (EN8LC- III 8.2)
1. Define facts and opinion.
2. Know the five propaganda techniques.
3. Pay attention to the news you heard over the radio and television.
Directions: Read each item carefully. Write the letter of your answer on a separate
paper.
1. A printed publication is usually printed daily or weekly, consisting of unstapled

sheets and containing news.
A. Newspaper C. Journal
B. Bibliography D. Books
2. Every day, we express opinions, feelings, and attitudes, sometimes explicitly and
at other times, implicitly.
A. Agree C. Sometimes
B. Disagree D. All the time
3. It is important to know the difference between fact and opinion.
B. Disagree D. All the time
4. Conclusions are based on instinct rather than on the intellect.
A. True C. Sometimes
B. False D. Always
5. Nowadays, news reports of all kinds reach us from all over the world.
B. Disagree D. Always
6. Everyone has the right to express his/her opinion.
A. Agree C. Strongly agree
B. Disagree D. Strongly disagree
7. Malaria is a serious disease that affects millions of people.
A. Fact C. Hearsay
B. Opinion D. Not proven
8. COVID-19 is a virus.
A. Fact C. Judgment
B. Opinion D. Hearsay
9. Isopropyl alcohol is a disinfectant.
A. Not proven C. Opinion
B. Proven D. Hearsay
10. Technology has already changed the world of work and soon the near future.
A. Fact C. Propaganda
B. Opinion D. Judgment
11. Sales talk and political speeches are obvious examples of:
A. Speeches C. Propaganda
B. Persuasion D. Judgment
12. TV commercials, print media, and billboards are varied propaganda techniques
to entice the buying public.
A. Fact C. Opinion
B. Advertisements D. Persuasion
13. In reading a material, one should evaluate it critically especially in
advertisement.
A. Opinion C. Fact
B. Reminder D. Reality
14. A notice must be read aloud and smoothly.
A. Fact C. Opinion
B. Agree D. Disagree
15. A fact is a piece of information that can be shown to be true.
A. Agree C. Disagree
B. Strongly agree D. Strongly disagree
Lesson Examining Biases (for or against)

3 Made by the Author
You need to think critically when you read them. You have to watch out for
statements that are based on the writer's personal viewpoints that may or may not
be based on facts. If you know some facts about the subject, check to see if the
information agrees with facts subject from other sources. If it does, it is likely that
the information is correct. But if it is based on judgment, it is an opinion.
Directions: Identify the judgment made below. Write N for neutral, L for belittling or
negative, and P for positive or lofty. Your clue is in italics. Write your
answer on a piece of paper.
________________ 1. The policeman upholds the law.
________________ 2. The man with a mustache is a mercenary.
________________ 3. The cottage we rented by the seashore was cozy.
________________ 4. Your ideas are obsolete.
________________ 5. Many relocated families live in shacks.
Learning to listen well is essential. It gives you a chance to be an active

listener. You remain active during the listening process especially if you are listening
to the media. When watching or listening to the news, programs or commercial,
advertisements, make sure to distinguish facts from opinions.
To be an active listener to the media, remember the following points:
1. Think about the message or messages being delivered by the program you are
listening to. Do you agree or disagree with them?
2. Set your own standards about what you will listen to. Does the program meet
your standards? If it does not, turn off the program or switch to another program.
3. Limit the time that you spend listening to the broadcast media. Remember
that aside from listening to programs, you can also spend time reading, learning
a new hobby or skill, interacting with people, or writing.
Propaganda Techniques
When a piece of writing tries to persuade you to think or feel a certain way, it
is called propaganda. Sales talk and political speeches are obvious examples of
propaganda, aimed at persuading you to buy a product or vote for a certain
candidate. One of the most widespread forms of propaganda is advertising.
Advertising calls the attention of the public to a product or business, especially to
promote sales. The youth are the most common target of advertising. Its power leads
you to believe that one brand is better than the other brand.
An intelligent reader and listener should not believe everything you read, see and
hear. Learn to examine what is presented to you and ask yourself if it is true.
The following are the propaganda techniques:
1. Bandwagon -persuades people to do something by telling them that others
are doing it.
Example: Everyone’s doing it. Why aren’t you? It pressures you into wearing a certain
style of clothing because it is the “in” thing by capitalizing on your desire to belong
to the group. You are led to “join the others” without questioning the wisdom of your
idea.
2. Testimonial – uses a famous person to recommend a product or idea. You
are not expected into qualities of the person or things in the advertisement. You are
expected to buy a product because of the prestige of the celebrity endorsing it.
3. Transfer – relates a person, idea, or thing to others that have proven to be
good or beneficial.
Example:
When you campaign for class president by saying that you are related to the mayor,
you are guilty of propagandizing by transfer.
4. Emotional words – words that will make the reader feel strongly about
someone or something. It usually appeals to sympathy, or the use of guilty feelings
to persuade.
Example:
An ad that convinces a woman or a mother to buy a certain toy for her child would
play on her guilt at being away from home and convinces her that the toy will let the
child know that her mother is” good” and that she loves him.
5. Card stacking – manipulating or withholding relevant information about a
product, person, or idea in commercials using. You cannot spot this technique in
commercials using surveys, “lab tests”, and so-called statistics to prove that the
product is better than others.
Example:
An ad might claim that “survey shows that the most people prefer this brand of
toothpaste”, but it does not reveal that only ten people took part in the survey.
English Communication Arts and Skills Through Afro-Asian Literature by:

Milagros G. Lapid & Josephine B. Serrano p. 242-243
Forming Judgment
The ability to make critical distinctions and to achieve a balanced viewpoint
is important not only in the classroom but also in many situations in daily life.
Drawing conclusions and forming judgments are reading skills that train the student
to make wise decisions.
A conclusion is often an intuitive rather than a well-reasoned deduction. This
means that many conclusions are based on instinct rather than on the intellect. This
should not be so because to be able to draw the right conclusion, a person must
know certain facts, analyze the ideas involved and decide what to do.
A judgment, like a conclusion, should be made only after one has analyzed
the facts involved according to a standard or criterion of what the truth is. The
decision may be neutral – meaning, the person involved does not take sides (e.g. She
is not fat); it may be negative or belittling (e.g. He is skinny); or positive (e.g. He is
slender. The connotation word is taken into consideration.
Skill Builders for Efficient Reading 10 By: Evelyn S. Salazar p.170
Example:
The choice of word in describing a person, place or thing often indicates the type of
judgment made.
To develop and maintain a critical perspective when you listen to the news, keep
the following points in mind.
1. The whole story has not been told.
2. Most issues and problems are not as simple as they appear.
3. Strong emotions or unusual images can fool you.
4. News reports that seem too good or too bad to be true should be questioned.
5. News reports may contain hidden editorials
Activity 1.
Directions: Identify the following propaganda techniques by writing:
B for bandwagon TR for transfer EW for emotional words
T for testimonial CS for card stacking
__________ 1. An herbal medicine introduced by a famous celebrity
__________ 2. Use whitening soap with your group of friends.
__________ 3. A busy mother who cannot play with her kids bought them a half gallon
of ice cream.
__________ 4. This soap kills 99.9 percent of germs.
__________ 5. You campaign for your relative in the local election.
__________ 6. A multivitamin with no preservatives
__________ 7. A branded T-shirt worn by a Korean
__________ 8. Try this noodle soup, everybody loves it.
__________ 9. Cut down your budget with this house-and-lot package.
__________ 10. Be glamorous!
Activity 2. Fact or Opinion:

Directions: Write F for fact and O for opinion. Write your answer on a piece of paper.
__________1. Fruits and vegetables are essential to our health.
__________2. Vaccines for COVID-19 are proven safe by experts.
__________3. Filipinos can witness the penumbral eclipse of the moon on November
30, 2020, PAGASA said.
__________4. As per memorandum, the President has given approval to the
recommendation of DepEd to defer the opening of classes on October 5.
__________5. Drinking milk before going to bed is beneficial.
In a nutshell, I have learned that:

1. Fact is a statement that can be verified or proven true by objective means -
using records, experimentation, or personal observation.
2. Opinion is subjective and must be supported by related facts before it can
be accepted as valid. It can also express a judgment based on facts or
prediction.
3. Propaganda is when a piece of writing tries to persuade you to think or feel
a certain way.
4. There are five propaganda techniques: bandwagon, testimonial, transfer,
emotional words, and card stacking.
5. News reports are not only read in the newspaper, but they are also heard
over the radio or watched on the television.
6. To draw conclusions, a person must know certain facts, analyze the ideas
involved, and decide what to do.
7. Judgments are more formal than conclusions, and it can be defined as a
particular decision or opinion formed about a case, a dispute or an
argument.
Getting and Assessing Information from the magazine or newspaper articles

Directions: Read the passage below. Then, do the tasks that follow.
The Festive Month of May
By: Lester V. Ledesma
The month of May has always been associated with festivals from way back in
the olden days. In fact, the word “May” was taken from the name of “Maia”, the
Roman goddess of spring and growth.
A Spanish tradition we adopted is the hanging of colorful banderitas – small
pennants glued to straw standards that are hung above streets between houses and
buildings. An arko (arch) or Baluarte is erected on the main road leading to town,
announcing the patron saint after which the municipality was named.
The colorful San Isidro Labrador festivals are held in four of Quezon’s oldest
towns every month of May. Celebrated as Araya’t Baluartehan in Gumaca, Pahiyas
in Lucban, Mayohan in Tayabas, and Agawan in Sariaya, houses and streets are
filled with the blazing color and gaiety of a fiesta unrivaled anywhere else in the
Luzon.
Capping with Maytime festivities is the Santacruzan, a glittering nocturnal
parade of famous female characters who were involved in the legendary search for
Holy Cross. In some places, the local ritual of sunduan (fetching) has been
incorporated in the parade.
This is good time to trace our cultural roots – whether in practices or in the
food we eat. Festival time, especially May, is a time to identify ourselves as Filipinos,
preserving our culture and incorporating our own ways in our colonial heritage.
1. Which of the following statements are facts? Choose and write the letter/s of the
correct answer.
A. The word “Maia” is the Roman goddess of spring and growth.
B. May is the fifth month of the Gregorian calendar.
C. Fiestas are celebrated in honor of the patron saint after which the municipality
is named.
D. All fiestas in the Philippines are celebrated in the month of May.
E. Pahiyas in Lucban is the most colorful San Isidro Labrador festival in Quezon
province.
2. Which of the statements above is not a fact? What word in the statement makes
it a personal judgment of the writer?
3. Describe your:
A. Feelings regarding the fiestas –
B. Judgments regarding fiestas –
English Expressway 11 By: Virginia F. Bermudez, et.al. p. 37-38
FACT VS. OPINION

Directions: Read each sentence and decide what type of idea it gives. Write F if it
states a fact and O if it is an opinion.
_____________ 1. Ombudsman suspends 8 PhilHealth officials.
_____________ 2. Storm Rolly entered the country.
_____________ 3. Luzon is placed under a state of calamity.
_____________ 4. Willie Revillame donated 5 million in Catanduanes.
_____________ 5. The number of COVID-19 cases in the Philippines is decreasing.
_____________ 6. Cashless toll collection moved to December
_____________ 7. Philippine Red Cross resumes swab testing.
_____________ 8. President Duterte may sign the 2021 budget before Christmas.
_____________ 9. Not all reports are true.
_____________10. Cold weather starts November until January.
_____________11. Taking vitamins is not an assurance that you are free from any illness.
_____________12. People who are interested in plants are called plantitas and
plantitos.
____________ 13. Milk tea is made of natural herbs.
_____________14. Plants provide oxygen.
_____________15. COVID-19 is the biggest challenge the whole world has experienced.
Directions: Make a poster advertising a school event (JS Prom, book sale,
anniversary). Your goal is to persuade as many students as possible to
attend. Be creative.
Assessment What’s More What I Know
1. F Activity 1 1. A
2. F 1. T 2. A
3. F 2. B 3. A
4. F 3. EW 4. B
5. F 4. CS 5. A
6. F 5. TR 6. A
7. F 6. T 7. A
8. F 7. T 8. A
9. O 8. B 9. B
10. F 9. B 10. A
11. F 10. B 11. D
12. O 12. C
13. O Activity 2 13. C
14. F 1. F 14. A
15. F 2. F 15. A
3. F
4. F
5. O
Bermudez, V. et. Al (2007) English Expressway 11. Quezon City: SD Publication
Inc.
Lapid, M., & Serrano, J., (1986) English Communication Arts and Skills Through
Afro- Asian Literature. Quezon Ave., Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House.
Palma, J., & Mogol, M. (1989), Grammar and Composition 4. Shaw Boulevard,
Quezon City: Anvil Publishing Inc.
Salazar, E. (1986) Skill Builders for efficient Reading. Quezon City: Phoenix
Publishing House, Inc.
8
English
Quarter 3
Module 4
Lesson 1: Analyze
Literature as a Mirror to
a Shared Heritage of
People with Diverse
Background
This learning packet recognizes you as the center of all the learning activities.
This was made to make sure that you find learning activities fun and easy!
Indeed, literature reflects and mirrors behavior, psyche, traditions, and even
a vehicle used by people to know what is happening around. It also gives a clear
description of people in every culture despite its differences and audacity. Moreover,
literature mirrors the way of life of every generation thus shaping them to have a
unique understanding of themselves. Finally, no matter how alien the world is,
literature helps us realize the importance of people who shape societies and fathom
the ever-changing culture of the world. The activities are based on the most essential
learning competency: Analyze literature as a mirror to a shared heritage of people
with diverse backgrounds.
The module is divided into two lessons, namely:

● Lesson 1 – Definition of adjective complement
● Lesson 2 - Types/kinds of adjective complement

1. identify adjective complement in a structure; and
enumerate the types/kinds of adjective complement.
Directions: Write Yes if the italicized group of words is an adjective complement. If

it’s not, write No. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. I am curious what food you eat.

2. Willy wants to be on his own.
3. Ronald was scared to tell his secret.
4. Shiela lives in a beautiful house.
5. Please let me know who stole her Chippy.
6. She likes swimming everyday.
7. It was very obvious that this was the murder weapon.
8. I am addicted to ice cream.
9. The clinician went home early today.
10. Everyone knows that he is the best candidate.
11. His family was happy when the dog returned home.
12. Were you delighted to get the part?
13. We are excited to attend the party.
14. I love watching movies that excites me.
15. I am glad to see you again.
Lesson Analyze Literature as a Mirror to a
4 Shared Heritage of People with
Diverse Background
Adjective complements are used as clauses or phrases for the purpose of

modifying an adjective. These adjectives represent the group of noun clauses or
prepositional phrases. The first thing to know before learning the usage of adjective
complements is understanding what a noun clause is. It’s simply set of two or more
words that act like a noun. It may be the subject of a sentence, an object of a verb or
preposition, or they can complement a subject or adjective. It may contain a verb and
a subject as it is going to take the place of nouns. Thus, it is recognized as a
dependent clause which can’t stand alone as a sentence.
https://medium.com/@hdi.prateek/what-is-an-adjective-complement-a2ae1ba46cf
Directions: Tell whether the underlined phrase/clause is a noun clause, prepositional

phrase, or infinitive Clause. Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.
_____________________1. She was scared to tell the truth.
_____________________2. The boy is so excited that he fell to his feet.
_____________________3. Are you happy for me?
_____________________4. I am disappointed to see you feeling devastated.
_____________________5. I am confused which is better.
_____________________6. My grandfather was born when Hiroshima, Japan was under
siege.
_____________________7. The soup is tasty to refuse.
_____________________8. I am very proud to receive an award.
_____________________9. Kids nowadays feel alone in their own self-made world.
_____________________10. The boss was confused why employees’ attrition rate is high.
Adjective complement is a phrase or clause that adds to the meaning of an

adjective or that modifies it. The adjective complement always follows the adjective it
complements.
Examples:
I am generous to all the needy.
Engineers are amazing in building structures.
My co-teachers were shocked about my promotion.
KINDS OF ADJECTIVE COMPLEMENTS
Noun clause is also called a relative clause. It modifies nouns or pronouns. It begins
with a relative pronoun, which connects them to the word they describe. These are
the following:
● who
● what
● when
● that
● whom
● whose
● which
● why
Example:
I hate people who pretend to be nice.
Bernadette was so happy that she got her new car.
Mr. Abiog must decide which class to observe.
Please let me know who ate Ana’s favorite chips.
Prepositional phrase consists of a preposition and the object of preposition. It
provides further information about the adjective in a sentence.
Some prepositions include:
● in
● for
● by
● at
● before
● with
● from
● beneath
Examples:
Kenley is very good in hiding secrets.
Gilbert is addicted to sunflower seeds.
The children were astonished at the beautiful fireworks.
Let us be positive about the future of this generation.
Infinitive Phrase is a group of words that starts with an infinitive (to + verb)
Example:
I am delighted to invite you on my birthday.
Kurtney Love was scared to see the result of the test.
The principal was surprised to see the Regional Director.
It was amazing to see your new house.
Activity 1
Directions: Read each statement carefully and choose the best possible answer for
each item. Write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is not an adjective complement?
A. noun clause
B. infinitive clause
C. gerund clause
D. prepositional clause
2. Which of the following does not have an infinitive clause?
A. I am happy to serve you.
B. My father was so proud of me when I became a teacher.
C. My daughter is excited to see me.
D. The front liners seemed content and happy to serve the people.
3. Among the following, which is not a prepositional phrase?
A. in the yard
B. from within
C. about last night
D. to live
4. Which among the statements is not true?
A. An adjective complement is also an adjective phrase.
B. An adjective clause provides additional information to complete the
meaning of the adjective.
C. An adjective clause can be a gerund.
D. An adjective clause can be infinitive.
5. Identify the adjective clause in the following sentence: “I am grateful for the love,
dedication, and support of the community.”
A. I am
B. grateful for the love
C. dedication and support
D. for the love, dedication, and support.
In a nutshell…
1. Describe an adjective complement.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________
2. Identify the different types of adjective complement discussed in this
module.
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________
Directions: Match the phrases/clauses in Column A to the phrases in Column B to

form meaningful sentences. Do it on a separate sheet of paper.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1. I am happy A. that one must remember.
2. This is the place B. that I wish wouldn’t end.
3. Integrity is so important C. that people should learn to be more
careful.
4. My lesson in English is fascinating D. to see you.
5. There is no cure yet for Covid 19 E. where you find peace and
contentment.
Directions: Identify the form of the adjective complement. Write A if the underlined
item is a Prepositional Phrase, B if it is an Infinitive Phrase and C if
it is a Clause. Write your answers on a separate piece of paper.
1. My mom is interested in cooking sumptuous meals.

2. All math subjects are difficult to understand by English enthusiasts.
3. The Hot Air Balloon Festival is a festive occasion that I don’t like to miss.
4. A lot of people speak well of Dr. Tugade.
5. Are you excited to date your crush?
6. Felisa has a kind heart that everybody can attest.
7. The Philippines is a beautiful country to visit.
8. Valenzuelanos are proud of their disciplined character.
9. Teachers are worried that face-to-face mode of teaching is to be implemented.
10. Sen. Win Gatchalian is so happy about the awards received by his brothers.
11. You should always be satisfied with what you have in your life.
12. It is pointless to argue with them.
13. I am very blessed to know you.
14. Noel seemed disappointed when the results came out.
15. Her parents are so happy that she is back home.
Answer Key
What I Know
Answer Key
What’s More 1. No
1. C 2. Yes
2. B 3. Yes
3. D 4. Yes
4. C 5. No
5. D 6. No
7. Yes
What I Have Learned 8. Yes
Answers vary 9. No
10.Yes
11.Yes
What I Can Do 12.Yes
13.Yes
1. D 14.No
2. E 15.Yes
3. A
4. B
5. C Assesssment
1. B
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. C
10. A
11. A
12. B
13. B
14. C
15. C
Answer Key
Henric Kaatari p.2-4
Perkino, M.R. 1983. Modal Expressions in English.London:France
Quirk, R.S.Greenbaunn, G. Leech etal. 1985
A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language, Harlow Longmar
8
English
Quarter 3
Modules 5-6
Lesson 1: Using
Cohesive Devices in
Speech
master the use of cohesive devices to make the transition of ideas smoother and
clearer. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning
situations. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the English
8.
The use of cohesive devices in composing speech can make the transfer of
thoughts clearer. In this module, you will learn the appropriate use of cohesive
devices in composing and delivering speech.
The main goal of this lesson as stated in the Most Essential Learning
Competency (MELC) is to use appropriate cohesive devices in various types of speech.
This module presents lessons on:
● Cohesive devices / logical connectors
● Composing and delivering a speech
1. use appropriate logical connectors for emphasis (EN8G-IVa-16);
2. use appropriate cohesive devices in composing informative speech (EN8OL-
IIg-3); and
3. deliver a self-composed speech (EN8OL-IIIf-3).
Have fun learning and discovering skills in English 8 lesson!
Directions: Before you go on with this learning material, let us first test your prior
knowledge on the lesson that you are about to learn. Read and answer
the following questions.
PART 1: Choose the appropriate cohesive devices that will complete the lines taken
from various types of speech. Write the letter of your answer on a piece of paper.
1. Participating in community activities can make people become more aware of

their surroundings, _____ the cleanliness of the environment, and the
friendliness of the neighborhood.
A. consequently B. despite C. unfortunately D. such as
2. Several residents of Valenzuela complain about the trash thrown anywhere,

_____ these same people are the ones doing it.
A. although B. so C. for D. therefore
3. Some Filipinos choose to live in the province; _____, they have to adjust to its
slow pace, quietness, and the absence of internet connectivity.
A. because B. consequently C. despite D. such as
4. Video conferencing is widely used nowadays to establish communication

among those who are in the work from home modality; _____, this allows the
participants to hear or see each other in a meeting.
A. after B. although C. during D. moreover
5. Many people forgot to observe health and safety protocols; _______, the
number of COVID-19 cases rises.
A. because B. still C. as a result D. even though
40 (DO_Q3_ENGLISH_8_MODULES5-6_LESSON1)
6. It was raining heavily. _______ the program continued
A. moreover B. however C. firstly D. but
7. ______ I would like to thank all of you for coming to my party.
A. moreover B. during C. because D. firstly
8. People expected the economy to crash due to COVID. _____ it went up.
A. but B. so C. next D. despite
9. We were planning to visit Palawan. _____ we were unable to go due to COVID
restrictions.
A. since B. however C. thus D. still
10. Answer only if you are sure. _____ you will lose marks as there is negative
marks for wrong answers.
A. otherwise B. but C. so D. moreover
PART 2: Choose and write the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following cohesive devices adds information?
A. earlier B. in addition C. over D. therefore
2. Which of the following cohesive devices is used to show difference?

A. although B. before C. earlier D. likewise
3. Which of the following cohesive devices is used to signal similarity?
A. consequently B. likewise C. presently D. whereas
4. Which of the following cohesive devices is used to signal time?

A. because B. before C. hence D. thus
5. Which of the following cohesive devices is used to show results?

A. consequently B. meanwhile C. nonetheless D. though
Lesson Using Cohesive Devices in Speech

1
Cohesive devices affect comprehension because they help readers integrate

information between sentences in a text. The pronoun, synonym, or transition word
is tied to a previous word, phrase or clause (the antecedent). Many students, even
skilled readers, never consciously think about authors’ use of cohesive devices. It is
helpful for teachers to draw attention to this kind of text structure, especially for
students who have difficulty comprehending a series of sentences that include
cohesive ties.
BREAKING NEWS!
President Rodrigo R. Duterte delivers his address to the citizens of the Philippines.
Directions: Read and study the speech delivered by President Duterte about
COVID-19 which was aired last March 15, 2020.
President Duterte’s Speech on COVID-19

aired March 15, 2020
To my fellow Filipino,
Today, we face a very grave threat of Novel Corona Virus 2019 or COVID-19. As of
now, there are only three confirmed cases of COVID-19 infection. Further, none of
those infected is a Filipino national. There is no evidence yet of local community
transmission here in our country; however, the government together with World
Health Organization, medical societies and partner with local sector is addressing
the challenge and preparing for the eventuality.
To my fellow Filipinos, I understand that many of you are worried about the world
health and well-being of our love ones. Also, it is normal to feel anxious, concerned,
and even afraid. Maging Malinis. Wash your hand frequently. For every handshake,
cover your mouth so that you cannot transmit virus to others. Moreover, if you have
a cough, wear a mask. Be cautious with the information and let’s listen to the
information from World Health Organization. Don’t believe in fake news. Instead,
focus and listen to the information given by government.
Finally, I call on our people to remain calm, vigilant, and responsible and I am also
asking for your trust, cooperation and support as we face the challenge together as
one nation so that we can overcome this challenge. Maraming Salamat.
Let us discuss the informative speech of President Duterte on COVID-19 by

answering these questions:
1. What is the information given by the president about COVID-19 in his speech?
2. According to him, what are the precautionary measures that Filipinos should
observe this time of COVID-19?
3. Look at the underlined words in the given speech. How did these words affect
the flow of ideas and the clarity of information in the speech?
Write your answers on a piece of paper.
❖ The sample speech delivered by President Duterte is an example of

informative speech.
❖ The underlined words such as further, however, also, moreover, and finally
are examples of cohesive devices that are used to connect ideas in a speech.
An informative speech provides information about a specific subject to an
audience. The aim of an informative speech is to help the audience to understand
and to remember the information that is being presented.
Cohesive devices play a vital part in establishing coherence of ideas presented in
various speeches. Cohesive devices are words or phrases used to connect ideas
between different parts of text. These are conjunctions, connectives, and pronouns,
which are used to link the parts of a piece of writing. They signal to the reader what
the relationships are between the clauses, sentences, and paragraphs.
Study this chart of cohesive devices and its categories.
In an informative speech, the speaker relays knowledge to an audience on a specific

topic.
Various types of speech:
1. Informative speech – intends to educate and to give information to the
audience about a particular topic
2. Explanatory speech - used to give an insight into the state of a topic
3. Descriptive speech - helps the speaker in creating a clear mental picture
regarding a specific subject in the minds of the target audience
4. Demonstrated speech - explains how an action should be performed
5. Definition speech - goes into the depth of a topic with more of conceptual
explanation and understanding
Three major parts of a written speech:

❖ Introduction - The introduction has five important responsibilities: get the
audience's attention, introduce the topic, explain its relevance to the
audience, state a thesis or purpose, and outline the main points. By the end
of the introduction, you should provide a road map that outlines your main
points.
❖ Body - This part is the longest since it elaborates the details of information on
your speech topic.
❖ Conclusion – This part summarizes all the points and information being
discussed and the call to action to end the speech.
Example:
Introduction Are new coronavirus strains cause for concern?
New variants, or strains, of the virus that causes COVID-19 have

been seen almost since it was first detected in China nearly a year
ago.
Reports from Britain and South Africa of new coronavirus strains

Body that seem to spread more easily are causing alarm, but virus experts
say it is unclear if that’s the case or whether they pose any concern
for vaccines or cause more severe disease. Viruses naturally evolve
as they move through the population, some more than others. It is
one reason we need a fresh flu shot each year.
The new strain does not change the public health advice to wear
Conclusion masks, wash hands and maintain social distance.
-taken from Peter Summer’s Speech for Associated Press, 2020
POINTS TO REMEMBER IN DELIVERING A SPEECH
For many speakers, speech delivery is the most intimidating aspect of public
speaking. Although there is no known cure for nervousness, you can make yourself
much more comfortable by following a few basic delivery guidelines.
The Five-Step Method for Improving Speech Delivery
1. Read aloud your full-sentence outline. Listen to what you are saying and
adjust your language to achieve a good, clear, simple sentence structure.
2. Practice the speech repeatedly from the speaking outline. Become familiar
with your keywords to the point that what you say takes the form of an easy,
natural conversation.
3. Practice the speech aloud in front of the mirror. Rehearse it until you are
confident you have mastered the ideas you want to present. You may record
your speech delivery and watch it afterwards to note the points for
improvement.
4. Present your speech to a friend to develop the delivery, volume, pitch, non-
verbal cues (gestures, card-usage, etc.), and eye-contact.
5. Practice the speech a day or two before the actual speech delivery. (contrasting
opinion).
Activity 1: Cohesive Devices

Directions: Choose the appropriate cohesive devices that will complete the lines from
various types of speech. Write the letter of your answer in a piece of
paper.
1. A lot of people ignored the reminder of the government to stay at home to

avoid exposure to the disease. _____, the number of cases increased.
A. In fact B. Such as C. As a result D. In addition
2. The plan of a city-wide lockdown gained many reactions from the people;
_____, positive and negative opinions were expressed.
A. despite B. however C. that is D. in addition
3. _____ the home quarantine period, military and police forces are visible to
monitor strict compliance of the policies.
A. Because B. Consequently C. During D. As a result
4. There are many things one can do at home to be productive. _____, one can
listen to music while doing household chores, do gardening, read books,
watch TV shows, and the like.
A. Because B. In fact C. In addition D. For example
5. Supermarkets, malls and commercial establishments in Valenzuela require

Valtrace for easy contact tracing of shoppers. _____, wearing of face mask
and face shield is enforced.
A. Because B. In fact C. Moreover D. For example
Activity 2:
Directions: Using the information from the infographic on COVID-19, make an
outline of your informative speech
Directions: Using the information from the infographic on COVID-19, make an
outline of your informative speech.
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer and write it on a separate sheet of
paper.
Write Topic: _______________________________________________________________
I. What is 2019 Novel Corona Virus?
A. __________________________________________________________
B. __________________________________________________________
C. __________________________________________________________
D. __________________________________________________________
II. What are the symptoms of COVID-19?
A. ____________________________________________________________
B. ____________________________________________________________
C. ____________________________________________________________
D. ____________________________________________________________
III. How can we protect ourselves from COVID-19?
A. Dos to prevent ourselves from COVID-19
1. ___________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________
B. Don’ts to prevent ourselves from COVID-19

1. ___________________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________________
My Learning Journal
Directions: Complete the journal entry by telling what you have learned about the
use of cohesive devices in various speeches by completing the
paragraph below.
My Learning Journal
In this lesson, I learned that cohesive device is defined

as____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________.
Examples of cohesive devices are _______________, ____________, _____________,

__________________, _________________, _______________, _________________,
________________, _______________ and _____________.
Cohesive devices are necessary when making and delivering an informative speech
because ___________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.
Directions: On this part, you are going to apply what you have learned on using
appropriate cohesive devices in speech by doing this activity.
Using cohesive devices, connect the five given informative sentences about things
you can do to help during COVID-19 pandemic to be able to form a short script for
an informative speech. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Directions: Deliver to Inform: Let us now test what you have learned about this
lesson.
Directions: In this task, you are now about to deliver your PERFORMANCE TASK –
a self-composed informative speech that you did in Learning Task 2. Memorize your
speech, apply the steps and tips you learned in speech delivery.
NOTE: Ask the help of your guardian or siblings to take a video of you while delivering
your speech. Then, send the video to your teacher or post it on the provided online
learning platform class group given by your teacher for checking. Be guided by the
criteria in the speech delivery rubric. Good luck!
RUBRIC FOR SPEECH DELIVERY
(Performance Task)
Directions: Study the infographics. Write a 5-sentence informative speech

paragraph on the impact of COVID-19 on the environment. Use
cohesive devices in connecting your ideas.
Write your answer here:
----------------------------------------------------------------
(DO_Q3_ENGLISH_8_MODULES5-6_LESSON1) 51
Answer Key
What I Know
Answer Key
What’s More PART 1
6. C
7. D 16.D
8. C 17.A
9. D 18.B
10.C 19.D
20.C
21.B
What I Have Learned 22.D
Answers vary 23.A
24.B
25.A
What I Can Do PART 2
Answers vary 1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. A
Assessment
Answers vary since this is a
performance task. Teacher will be
the one to check/evaluate learner’s
performance task.
Additional Activity
Answers may vary.
Santos, A. 2020. COVID-19 Do’s and Don’ts. Retrieved from:
https://www.fundsupermart.com.my/insurance/article/infographic-on-novel-
coronavirus-dos-and-donts-/dated November 14, 2020.
Summers, P. 2020. Are new coronavirus strains cause for concern?. Retrieved
from: https://www.nbcnews.com/science/science-news/are-new-coronavirus-
strains-cause-concern-rcna208 dated December 11, 2020.
Yabsley, A. 2019. Tips on how to deliver a successful informative speech. Retrieved

from: https://www.gotoassignmenthelp.com/blog/tips-to-deliver-a-successful-
informative-speech/dated November 29, 2020.
----- 2020. How to Use Cohesive Devices. Retrieved from:
https://www.ieltsachieve.com/ielts-writing-task-2/writing-task-2-how-to-get-a-
band-score dated December 5, 2020.
------ 2020.Informative Essay Rubric. Retrieved from:

https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Informative-Essay-Rubric-
2078130 dated December 2, 2020.
8
English
Quarter 3
Modules 7-8
Lesson 1: The Bridge to
Clarity:
Parallel Structures
This module is designed to help you learn the concept of parallel structures.
The discussion in this module is created to help you develop the competency
assigned for this quarter.
The activities are based on the Most Essential Learning Competency:

EN8G-Ia-7: Use parallel structures
The sub-skills included are:
1. EN8G-Iva-15: Use appropriate modifiers
2. EN8G-IIIg-3.6: Use modals appropriately
3. EN9G-IIIa-2.1: Use verbal seg. Gerund, participle and infinitive
5. MELC Quarter 1: Use modal verbs, nouns and adverbs
As the learner, make sure to read the directions, discussions and other notes
written in this module for you to achieve learning. With the guidance of your parents
at home and your teachers in your virtual classrooms, learning is assured.
A. Directions: Read the following statements. Choose the phrase that correctly
completes the sentence. Circle the letter of your answer.
1. When Carla saw that her mother had prepared sauted vegetable and rice for
dinner, she ________, claimed to feel nauseous, and excused herself from the table.
A) clutched her stomach
B) was clutching her stomach
C) did clutch her stomach
2. Not only did Henry despise the way Junnel chewed with his mouth open,
______ finding his wet towels all over the bathroom floor.
A) but also disliked
B) but also disliking
C) but he also disliked
3. To protect her delicate hands, Joanna will not rake the yard, do the dishes, or
___________.
A) refuses to scrub the bathtub
B) won’t scrub the bathtub
C) scrub the bathtub
4. When Diane takes her dog for a walk, Bantay enjoys sniffing for edible garbage,
__________, and lunging at squirrels.
A) howls at bicyclists
B) howling at bicyclists
C) she howls at bicyclists
5. After Rainier cashes his paycheck, the money goes to his savings account, family
fund, and ___________________.
A) paying her credit card bill
B) toward her credit card balance
C) credit card balance
B. Directions: Study the pairs of sentences and identify the one with faulty
paralellism. Write only the letter of your answer.
6. A. Tennis requires hand-eye coordination, flexibility, and concentration.
B. Tennis requires hand-eye coordination, flexibility, and to be able to
concentrate.
7. A. Eggs contain not only protein but are also full of vitamins.
B. Eggs contain not only protein but also vitamins.
8. A. Alexander Graham Bell was a painter, teacher, and he invented things.

B. Alexander Graham Bell was a painter, teacher, and inventor.
9. A. Shakespeare was a prolific playwright and an excellent sonneteer.

B. Shakespeare wrote great plays and was an excellent sonneteer.
10. A. Exercise has been shown to improve mood and decrease feelings of
depression, anxiety and stress.
B. Exercise has been shown to improve mood and not to feel depression,
anxiety and stress.
Lesson The Bridge to Clarity:

1 Parallel Structures
Directions: Box the item which is not parallel to the group.

1. Valenzuela, Manila, Pasig, Karuhatan
2. Elegance, Passion, Tall, Persistence
3. Hamburger, Lots of fun, French fries, Spaghette
4. he looks good, he checked his schedule, he called his sister, he missed the bus
5. anger, beautiful, contentment, love
Let learners explain their answer by asking them how the

word(s) differ from the rest.
Directions: Listen to the song ‘What a wonderful world” by Louis Armstrong. Read
and study the lyrics below then answer the questions that follow.
I
Are also on the faces
I see trees of green
Of people going by
Red roses too
I see friends shaking hands
I see them bloom
Saying, "How do you do?"
For me and you
They're really saying
And I think to myself
"I love you"
What a wonderful world
IV
II
I hear babies cry
I see skies of blue
I watch them grow
And clouds of white
They'll learn much more
The bright blessed day
Than I'll never know
The dark sacred night
III
Yes, I think to myself
The colors of the rainbow
So pretty in the sky
Process Questions:
1. How does the persona see the world in general? Cite evidence to support your
answer.
2. Why do you think the persona uses ‘blessed’ to describe day and ‘sacred’ for night?
3. In stanza 4, how does the persona perceive the birth and/or growth?
4. Look at the structures of the lines below. How does the structure of Column A
different or similar to that of Column B?
Column A Column B
I see skies of blue And clouds of white
The bright blessed day The dark sacred night
I hear babies cry I watch them grow
In English grammar, parallelism is the similarity of structure in a pair
or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. Also called parallel structure, paired
construction, and isocolon (Nordquist 2018).
Parallelism aims for clarity, like creating a pattern or a rhythm in your

sentence. For example, when you begin your list with a noun the rest of the
grammatical forms in the list should also be in noun form. This rule also goes for
verbs, adjectives, and other part of speech and/or grammatical form.
Example:
Make sure to bring your quarantine pass, QR code and to wear face shield.
The underlined series in the sentence has faulty parallelism. Take note that
quarantine pass, QR code are in noun forms while to wear a face shield is in
infinitive phrase. This creates a break in the smooth flow of the sentence structure,
thus is considered faulty. In order to make this sentence correct, we should
transform the infinitive phrase to it noun form.
Make sure to bring your quarantine pass, QR code and face shield.
The sentence is now parallel.
Remember: Check if there is an item that differs from the rest in terms of word
form or grammatical structure in order to avoid faulty parallelism.
Common Errors in Parallelism
Kessler and McDonald (2008) listed the following common errors in parallelism:
1. Creating a series that is unbalanced and awkward.

Not Parallel: She enjoys books, videos, and surfing the internet.
Parallel: She enjoys reading books, watching videos, and surfing the internet.
Not Parallel: Your essay is compelling and of the utmost thoughtfulness.

Parallel: Your essay is compelling and thoughtful.
2. Mixing verbals.
Not Parallel: This is another example of selectively using favorable statistics and then
to write a report around that biased selection.
Parallel: This is another example of selectively using favorable statistics and writing
a report around that biased selection.
3. Unnecessarily changing voice.

Not Parallel: Council members approved the new city tax levy, but the
(active)
anti-smoking ordinance was defeated by them.
(passive)
Parallel: Council members approved the new city tax levy but defeated the anti-
smoking ordinance.
4. Unnecessarily changing subjects.
Not Parallel: One never should argue with a referee; people should know that.
Parallel: People should know never to argue with a referee.
5. Unnecessarily changing tenses.
Not Parallel: Billy is a poor basketball player, and no amount of practice was
going to make him any better.
Parallel: Billy is a poor basketball player, and no amount of practice was going to
make him any better.
Activity: Strike One!

Directions: Strike out the word/phrase which is not parallel. No.1 is done for you.
1. 2. 3.
to listen reading adorable
to speak, cycling has honesty
together hiking flexible
to run going to a camp religious
4. 5.
drive school of fish
watched flock of birds
ate some dogs
slept parliament of owls
Assessment 1: Parallel or Not Parallel

Directions: Read the following items. Write P if the sentence follows parallelism
and NP if it is not parallel. No.1 is done for you.
NP The new manager familiarized himself with the crew, the work and how the
____1.
restaurant works.
____2. The car drove through the red light, struck another car, and landed in the
open field.
____3. To maintain good health, people should try to eat a well-balanced diet, sleep
eight hours per night, and to exercise for about 20 minutes every day.
____4. Paul wants to make sure that his presentation is made innovatively,
efficiently, and influentially.
____5. The new grocery store offers fruits, vegetable and some animal carcass.
____6. My brother bought a cardigan, a tie and a pair of new shoes.
Activity 2: Box it out

Directions: Read the following items. Box the word or phrase that gives the
sentence correct parallel structure. No.1 is done for you.
1. Jericho was excited about inviting friends over, eating a good meal, and ___ .
a. a game of mobile b. to play mobile games c. playing mobile games
2. Martha has always enjoyed reading the book more than _____________________.
a. I watched the movie version b. watching the movie
c. to watch the movie.
3. When the weather outside is cold and ________, I like to be indoors.

a. starting to get windy b. windy c. getting windy
4. Running, lifting, and ____________ are three of Ashley’s favorite exercises.

a. racquetball b. a spinning class c. bicycling
5. Professor Martin supports the idea because, first, ________; and second, it is
unique.
a. it is simplifying b. simple c. it is simple
6. Our new computer network is safer, stronger and __________.

a. more secure b. most secure c. secure
7. The new coach taught his student how to deliver lines, how to show emotions
and _____________.
a. to talk with fans b. talking with fans d. how to talk with fans
8. The venue for the school camp has several fields for games and _____________.
a. swimming in the lake b. a swimming area in the lake
c. swim area in the lake
Assessment 2: Choose wisely

Directions: Choose the sentence that shows parallelism. Number one is done for you.
B 1.
_____
A. Spiders that crawl, hissing snakes, and squealing rodents fill the aquariums in
the showroom.
B. Crawling spiders, hissing snakes, and squealing rodents fill the aquariums in
the showroom.
Option B follows correct parallel structure. All the elements follow the
same pattern (verb –ing + noun).
_____ 2.
A. The room we rented was a nightmare: the clock seemed stuck in place, the air
conditioner blew inadequate cool, and a fluorescent bulb buzzed overhead.
B. The room we rented was a nightmare: the clock seemed stuck in place, the air
conditioner had inadequate cool, and a fluorescent bulb buzzed overhead.
_____ 3.
A. Wennie gets her daily exercise by walking her dog, going for a bike ride, and
cleaning.
B. Wennie gets her daily exercise by walking her dog, going for a bike ride, and
cleaning her house.
_____ 4.
A. Stress makes it difficult to exercise regularly, have relationships that are stable,
and be eating food with benefits to one’s health.
B. Stress makes it difficult to maintain regular exercise, stable relationships and
healthy diet.
_____ 5.
A. This program can help your speaking skills, to gain confidence, and confidently
complete your goal.
B. This program can help improve your writing skills, gain confidence, and
complete your goal.
_____ 6.
A. The engineers were accommodating, practical and competent.
B. The engineers were accommodating, practical and full of competence.
Activity 3: Fault Finding

Directions: Underline the faulty parallelism in the following sentences. Number
one is done for you.
1. When we were young, we loved to play in the streets, skipping down the alley,
and run against the wind.
2. I still enjoy playing in the streets, skipping down the alley and to run against the
wind.
3. To give is better than receiving.
4. Cheating can result in failing the exam, being suspended or to be expelled.
5. The house sitter lost the keys, neglected the dogs, and she also trashed the
kitchen.
6. Andrew was both an industrious student, and he was also an excellent athlete.
Assessment 3: Fix it
Directions: Study the following sentences and underline the word/phrase that
causes faulty parallelism. Then, rewrite the corrected sentences on the
space provided. Each sentence is worth two points. Number one is done
for you.
1. The barangay chairman explained when the clean-up would begin, the people
who would oversee and how it would be funded by a referendum.
The barangay chairman explained when the clean-up would begin, who would oversee
and how it would be funded by a referendum.
2. The coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, that they should
not eat too much, and to do some warm-up exercises before the game.
3. Mr. Cruz will sing, dancing and tell stories from his trips abroad.
4. In English class, Claire learned to read poems critically and she appreciated
good prose.
5. The students prepared for their exams at home, spent extra hours with their
tutors, they did the necessary research in the library, and asked questions in
their classrooms.
6. The student council president is conscientious, devoted and he works hard.
Directions: Online learning can be very challenging, especially with various
distractions around. How do you manage to stay focus and
accomplish your tasks? List five (5) steps/reminders you follow in
order to be productive in your online learning journey.
1. ___________________________________________
2. ___________________________________________
3. ___________________________________________
4. ___________________________________________
5. ___________________________________________
Directions: Read the paragraph bellow. The following paragraph has errors in
parallelism. Underline the sentences with faulty parallelism, then rewrite
the paragraph correcting them. Use a separate piece of paper for your
rewritten paragraph.
Philippines is prone to tropical cyclones due to its geographical location.
Tropical cyclone or typhoon is formed over warm tropical oceans. The Philippines
faces the open Western Pacific where typhoons are most formed and without
much area to make landfall.
A typhoon is characterized by low atmospheric pressure, high winds and
rains that are heavy. Such characteristics bring casualties to human life and
destroys crops and properties. The Philippines is visited by an average of 20
typhoons every year, five of which is possibly destructive.
Thus, the government created the National Disaster Risk Reduction
Management Council (NDRRMC). NDRRMC is empowered with policy-making,
coordination, integrating, supervision, monitoring, and evaluates disaster related
matters. The agency also spearheads continuous development of strategic and
systematize approaches to risk hazards and manage consequences of disaster.
Directions: Underline the parallel elements in the following sentences. Draw two
parallel lines (//) where the parallelism begins and ends.
Example:
Faculty rooms should have //computer, photocopiers and scanners//.
1. Computers are salient technology in government agencies, manufacturing plants

and academic institutions.
2. Raccoons like to play on city streets at dusk, forage garbage at night, and sleep
during the day.
3. Mikaiah is both an excellent writer and an industrious student.
4. Mrs. Soliman enjoys listening to classical music and reading contemporary

novels.
5. Tell mother to include potatoes, apples and lemons on her list.
Directions: Rewrite the following sentences to achieve parallelism.
6. Jaimee planned a trip to her province, a visit on her grandma and taking long
hikes with her boyfriend.
7. The two things Loren looks forward whenever she comes home are a hot meal
and taking a hot bath.
8. The old man was kind, gentle and he gives a lot of money to the poor.
9. Bobbie is not only loyal to his friends but also, he is friendly to strangers.
10. I plan to walk the sssss, write my homework and to go to bed.
Activity: Adventure Time!
This quarantine compelled all of us to work, study and play at home. After the
community quarantine is lifted, where do you want to go? Create a facebook post
that narrates the place you dreamed of visiting. Your status should have the
following:
1. a narrative of at least five (5) sentences that shows parallelism (explain why you
choose that place)
2. a photo of the place you want to visit (be specific, show the exact spot or view)
What I Know What’s In What’s New
1. A 1. Karuhatan 1. Answers Vary
2. C 2. tall Possible answer: The persona sees the world as a
3. C 3. lot’s of fun wonderful place as evident in last lines of the stanzas
4. B of the song. He/ She thinks that the world is full of
4. he looks good beauty and positivity was shown in the descriptions he
5. C 5. beautiful
6. B used like vivid colors and how people positively
interacts.
7. A
2. Answers vary
8. A Possible answer: The day is blessed because it is a
9. B sign of new beginning and opportunities. While the
10. B nigh is sacred because it is our time to peacefully
reflect on what transpired during the day.
3. Answers vary
Possible answer: The persona sees birth and growth as
progress. He/ She thinks that the new generation will
contribute more than his/her generation.
4. The structure of phrases in the first and second
column are the same.
What’s More What’s More
Activity 1: Strike One!
Activity 3: Fault Finding
1. sample
2. going to camp 1. sample
3. has honesty 2. to run against the wind
4. drive 3. receiving.
5. some dogs 4. to be expelled
5. she also trashed the kitchen
6. he was also an excellent athlete
Assessment 1: Parallel or Not Parallel
1. sample
2. P Assessment 3: Fix it
3.NP
4. P 1. (The answer is on the task sheet)
5. P 2. The coach told the players that they should get a
lot of sleep, that they should not eat too much, and
Activity 2: Box it out
that they should do some warm-up exercises before
1. sample
2. b. watching the movie the game.
3. b. windy 3. Mr. Cruz will sing, dance and tell stories from his
4. c. bicycling trips abroad.
5. c. it is simple
6. a. more secure 4. In English class, Claire learned to read poems
7. d. how to talk with fans critically and appreciate good prose.
8. b. a swimming area in the lake
5. The students prepared for their exams at home,
Assessment 2: Choose wisely spent extra hours with their tutors, researched in the
1. sample library, and asked questions in their classrooms.
2. A
3. B 6. The student council president is conscientious,
4. B devoted and hard-working.
5. B
6. A
What I Can Do
Philippines is prone to tropical cyclones due to its geographical location. Tropical
cyclone or typhoon is formed over warm tropical oceans. The Philippines faces the open
Western Pacific where typhoons are most formed and without much area to make landfall.
A typhoon is characterized by low atmospheric pressure, high winds and heavy rains.
Such characteristics bring casualties to human life and destroys crops and properties. The
Philippines is visited by an average of 20 typhoons every year, five of which is possibly
destructive.
Thus, the government created the National Disaster Risk Reduction Management
Council (NDRRMC). NDRRMC is empowered with policy-making, coordinating, integrating,
supervising, monitoring, and evaluating disaster related matters. The agency also
spearheads continuous development of strategic and systematic approaches to risk hazards
and manage consequences of disaster.
Assessment
1. Computers are salient technology in //government agencies, manufacturing plants
and academic institutions. //
2. Raccoons like to //play on city streets at dusk, forage garbage at night, and sleep
during the day. //
3. Mikaiah is both //an excellent writer and an industrious student. //
4. Mrs. Soliman enjoys // listening to classical music and reading contemporary
novels. //
5. Tell mother to include // potatoes, apples and lemons// on her list.
6. Jaimee planned a trip to her province, a visit on her granma and a long hike with her
boyfriend.
7. The two things Loren looks forward whenever she comes home are a hot meal and a hot
bath. /
The two things Loren looks forward whenever she comes home are eating a hot meal and
taking a hot bath.
8. The old man was kind, gentle and generous.
9. Bobbie is not only loyal to his friends but also friendly to strangers.
10. I plan to walk the dog, write my homework and go to bed.
Kessler, Lauren, and Duncan McDonald. “Chapter 6: Agreement: The Search for
Harmony and Order.” In When Words Collide: A Media Writer’s Guide to Grammar
and Style, 7th ed., 79–84. Boston, MA: Thomson Wadsworth, 2008.
Nordquist, Richard. 2018. www.thought.com. August 2. Accessed November 10, 2020.

www.thoughtco.com/parallelism-in-grammar-1691569.
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – SDO Valenzuela
Office Address: Pio Valenzuela Street, Marulas, Valenzuela City
Telefax: (02) 8292-4340
Email Address: sdovalenzuela@deped.gov.ph

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8

Published by the Department of Education: Sara Duterte Z. Duterte

Development Team of the Module

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – National Capital Region – SDO VALENZUELA

Office Address: Pio Valenzuela St., Marulas, Valenzuela City

___1. The symbol of justice is a blind-folded woman holding a balanced weighing

Are you familiar with the product in the picture?

3 Do you agree with what the texts say?

✔ Bias is the author’s preconceived opinion on https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccK9TTA6xiw&ab_ch

✔ An editorial, since basically an opinion, is slightly biased. However, it balances

3. Placement and size - determine importance (bottom/back of news source,

5. Images and videos

Activity 1. Identifying Propaganda Techniques

Item Very Evident (5 Evident Slightly Evident Not Evident Rating

▪ Scientists have recently discovered… ▪ It is the officer’s view that…

▪ According to the results of the tests… ▪ The report argues that…

▪ The investigation demonstrated… ▪ Many scientists suspect

Notes to the Teacher

Directions: Match the emphasis marker in Column A to its definition in

How do these emphasis markers function in persuasive writing? Remember

EMPHASIS MARKERS DEFINITION EXAMPLE

Rhetorical question question asked just for Who doesn’t want

Modality words used to indicate the It is certain that if we do

In order to facilitate your understanding on propaganda techniques, a table

PROPAGANDA DEFINITION EXAMPLE

Name-Calling links a person, or idea, to

Glittering Generalities links a person, or idea, to

Testimonial seeking support for an

Plain Folks users of this product or

Card Stacking only presents information

Bandwagon Everybody's in favor of it;

3. Think about the exhausted children who must suffer through

Activity 2: Emphasis Markers: SORT OUT

Directions: Use your Imagination: Create a COMMERCIAL using the framework

Who is it for? Example: Are you an entrepreneur, a

How much does it cost? The product/s cost/costs…(30.00/100

When is it available? It will be available/open…(Starting

What is your slogan? Always remember… (We are the best!

How can it be purchased? To buy the product/s (Call as now at

Directions: RECALL and REFLECT: Answer the following questions through an

1. Write about a time you convinced someone or others to do something or buy

2. How do recognizing propaganda techniques make you a better consumer and

1. A printed publication is usually printed daily or weekly, consisting of unstapled

Lesson Examining Biases (for or against)

Learning to listen well is essential. It gives you a chance to be an active

English Communication Arts and Skills Through Afro-Asian Literature by:

Skill Builders for Efficient Reading 10 By: Evelyn S. Salazar p.170

Activity 2. Fact or Opinion:

In a nutshell, I have learned that:

Getting and Assessing Information from the magazine or newspaper articles

FACT VS. OPINION

The module is divided into two lessons, namely:

After going through this module, you are expected to:

Directions: Write Yes if the italicized group of words is an adjective complement. If

1. I am curious what food you eat.

Adjective complements are used as clauses or phrases for the purpose of

Directions: Tell whether the underlined phrase/clause is a noun clause, prepositional

Adjective complement is a phrase or clause that adds to the meaning of an

Directions: Match the phrases/clauses in Column A to the phrases in Column B to

1. My mom is interested in cooking sumptuous meals.

1. Participating in community activities can make people become more aware of

2. Several residents of Valenzuela complain about the trash thrown anywhere,

4. Video conferencing is widely used nowadays to establish communication

Examples of cohesive devices are ___, , _,