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QA Arithmetic n l in - 2
 InstalmentsO
 Profit, Loss and Discount (PLD)
 Faulty Weights
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1.

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Suresh borrows Rs. 8,000 at 5% interest, on reducing balance, at the start of the year. If he repays Rs. 1,400 at the
end of each year, find the amount of loan outstanding, in Rs. at the beginning of the third year.

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(1) 3162.75

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(2) 4125.00
(3) 5950.00
(4) 6100.00

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2.

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A cellphone is available for Rs. 39,000 cash or Rs. 6,000 cash down payment followed by 4 equal monthly

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instalments at 24% p.a. compound interest, compounded monthly. Find the value (in Rs.) of each instalment.
(1) 12000
(2) 15320

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(3) 9640
(4) None

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3.

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John borrowed Rs. 2,10,000 from a bank at an interest rate of 10% per annum, compounded annually. The loan

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was repaid in two equal instalments, the first after one year and the second after another year. The first instalment

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was interest of one year plus part of the principal amount, while the second was the rest of the principal amount

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plus due interest thereon. Then each instalment, in Rs., is
(CAT)

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4.

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Laloo buys two cows for Rs. 3,000 each. He sells one at a profit of 10% and the other at a loss of 10%. What is his
profit/loss percentage?

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(1) 1% profit
(2) 1% loss

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(3) 10% profit
(4) No profit, no loss

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5.

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Laloo sold two cows for Rs. 3000 each. He sells one at a profit of 10% and the other at a loss of 10%. What is his
profit/loss percentage?

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(1) 1% profit
(2) 1% loss

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(3) 10% profit
(4) No profit, no loss

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6.

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Despite allowing a discount of 11.11%, a trader makes a gain of 14.28%. By what percentage above the cost price
does he mark his goods?

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(1) 28.57%
(2) 35%

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(3) 22.22%
(4) 25.18%
(5) 31.22%

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7.

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Amal purchases some pens at Rs. 8 each. To sell these, he hires an employee at a fixed wage. He sells 100 of

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these pens at Rs. 12 each. If the remaining pens are sold at Rs. 11 each, then he makes a net profit of Rs. 300,

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while he makes a net loss of Rs. 300 if the remaining pens are sold at Rs. 9 each. The wage of the employee, in

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INR, is
(CAT)

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8.

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Raj invested Rs. 10000 in a fund. At the end of first year, he incurred a loss but his balance was more than Rs.

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5000. This balance, when invested for another year, grew and the percentage of growth in the second year was

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five times the percentage of loss in the first year. If the gain of Raj from the initial investment over the two year

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period is 35%, then the percentage of loss in the first year is
(CAT)
(1) 10
(2) 5

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(3) 70
(4) 15

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9.

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If a seller gives a discount of 15% on retail price, she still makes a profit of 2%. Which of the following ensures that
she makes a profit of 20%?

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(1) Give a discount of 5% on retail price.

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(2) Give a discount of 2% on retail price.
(3) Increase the retail price by 2%.
(4) Sell at retail price.

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10. The manufacturer of a table sells it to a wholesale dealer at a profit of 10%. The wholesale dealer sells the table to
a retailer at a profit of 30%. Finally, the retailer sells it to a customer at a profit of 50%. If the customer pays

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Rs.4290 for the table, then its manufacturing cost (in Rs) is

(1) 1500
(2) 2000

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(3) 2500

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(4) 3000

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11. A man sold two articles such that selling price of first is twice the selling price of the second article. The profit made
on the first article is 20% and the loss on the second article is 10%. Find the overall profit or loss percent.

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transaction?

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12. By selling 9 items, a loss of selling price of 3 items is incurred. What is the percentage loss incurred in the

(1) 33.3%
(2) 25%

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(3) 16.66%
(4) 14.28%

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40%?

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13. By selling toffees at 56 a rupee, a vendor loses 30%. How many toffees for a rupee should he sell in order to gain

(1) 16
(2) 24

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(3) 28
(4) 30
(5) None of these

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two lots and sells them at 35 for 2 rupees. What is his gain or loss percentage?

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14. Rehman buys a few apples @ 15 apples for a rupee and the same number of apples at 20 a rupee. He mixes the

(1) 3.62% loss

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(2) 2.04% profit

(3) 3.62% profit

(4) None of these

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15. Mr. Alphonso buys 2 lots of mangoes. The first lot costs him Rs.30 per dozen and the second lot Rs.50 per dozen.
He sold all mangoes at Rs.40 per dozen. Find his profit or loss percentage if he spent the same amount of money

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on each of the lots.

2
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(1) 6 3 % loss

(2) 6 % profit
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(3) 5% profit

(4) 5% loss

(5) None of these

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16. A man buys 35 kg of sugar and sets a marked price in order to make a 20% profit. He sells 5 kg at this price, and
15 kg at a 10% discount. Accidentally, 3 kg of sugar is wasted. He sells the remaining sugar by raising the marked

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price by p percent so as to make an overall profit of 15%. Then p is nearest to

(1) 31
(2) 25

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(3) 22

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(4) 35

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17. Anil buys 12 toys and labels each with the same selling price. He sells 8 toys initially at 20% discount on the labeled
price. Then he sells the remaining 4 toys at an additional 25% discount on the discounted price. Thus, he gets a

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total of Rs 2112, and makes a 10% profit. With no discounts, his percentage of profit would have been

(1) 55
(2) 60

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(3) 54

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(4) 50

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18. A salesman sells two kinds of shirts: cotton and woollen. A pair of cotton shirts is sold at 40% profit and a pair of
woollen shirts is sold at 20% profit. The salesman has calculated that if he sells 100% more woollen shirts than

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cotton shirts, his overall profit will be 30%. However he ends up selling 50% more cotton shirts than woollen shirts.

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What will be his overall profit?
(XAT)
(1) 30.5%
(2) 35%

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(3) 41%
(4) 42.33%
(5) None of these

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19. A person spent Rs 50000 to purchase a desktop computer and a laptop computer. He sold the desktop at 20%
profit and the laptop at 10% loss. If overall he made a 2% profit then the purchase price, in rupees, of the desktop

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is

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20. In a market, the price of medium quality mangoes is half that of good mangoes. A shopkeeper buys 80 kg good
mangoes and 40 kg medium quality mangoes from the market and then sells all these at a common price which is

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10% less than the price at which he bought the good ones. His overall profit is

(1) 6%
(2) 8%

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(3) 10%

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(4) 12%

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21. Mayank buys some candies for Rs.15 a dozen and an equal number of different candies for Rs.12 a dozen.
He sells all for Rs.16.50 a dozen and makes a profit of Rs.150. How many dozens of candies did he buy

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altogether?

(1) 50
(2) 30

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(3) 25

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(4) 45

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22. Mukesh purchased 10 bicycles in 2017, all at the same price. He sold six of these at a profit of 25% and the
remaining four at a loss of 25%. If he made a total profit of Rs. 2000, then his purchase price of a bicycle,

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in Rupees, was

(1) 8000
(2) 2000

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(3) 6000

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(4) 4000

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23. Mr. David manufactures and sells a single product at a fixed price in a niche market. The selling price of each unit is

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Rs. 30. On the other hand, the cost, in rupees, of producing ‘x’ units is 240 + bx + cx2, where ‘b’ and ‘c’ are some

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constants. Mr. David noticed that doubling the daily production from 20 to 40 units increases the daily production

cost by 66 2 % . However, an increase in daily production from 40 to 60 units results in an increase of only 50% in

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the daily production cost. Assume that demand is unlimited and that Mr. David can sell as much as he can produce.

His objective is to maximize the profit.

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(CAT)

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How many units should Mr. David produce daily?

(1) 130

(2) 100

(3) 70

(4) Cannot be determined

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24. Mr. David manufactures and sells a single product at a fixed price in a niche market. The selling price of each unit is

l a
Rs. 30. On the other hand, the cost, in rupees, of producing ‘x’ units is 240 + bx + cx2, where ‘b’ and ‘c’ are some

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constants. Mr. David noticed that doubling the daily production from 20 to 40 units increases the daily production

cost by 66 2 % . However, an increase in daily production from 40 to 60 units results in an increase of only 50% in

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the daily production cost. Assume that demand is unlimited and that Mr. David can sell as much as he can produce.

His objective is to maximize the profit.

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What is the maximum daily profit, in rupees, that Mr. David can realize from his business?

(1) 760
(CAT)

(2) 920

(3) 840

(4) Cannot be determined

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25. An article is marked x% above the cost price. A discount of x% is given on the marked price. If the profit is 4% of
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the cost price and the value of x lies between 25 and 50, then the value of 50% of x is:

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(XAT)

(1) 13

(2) 15

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(3) 20

(4) 16
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(5) 12

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26. A person buys tea of three different qualities at Rs. 800, Rs. 500, and Rs. 300 per kg, respectively, and the
amounts bought are in the proportion 2 : 3 : 5. She mixes all the tea and sells one-sixth of the mixture at Rs. 700

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per kg. The price, in INR per kg, at which she should sell the remaining tea, to make an overall profit of 50%, is

(1) 688

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(2) 692

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(3) 653

(4) 675

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price by 10%.

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27. The spring balance of a trader shows 1 kg for 900 g. Find the profit or loss percentage if the trader marks up the

(1) 20% profit

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(2) 22.22% loss

(3) 22.22% profit

(4) 20% loss

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cost price of rice. What is his net profit percentage in this transaction?

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28. A dishonest dealer mixes 1 kg of sand with 5 kg of rice and sells the entire mixture at a price 25% more than the

[Assume that sand comes free of cost]

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29. A merchant uses a weight of 0.85 kg in place of 1 kg to sell potatoes. Let his actual % profit or loss to be ‘m’ when
he pretends to sell his articles at 5% loss and ‘n’ when he pretends to sells his articles at 5% gain. Find the value of

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(m + n).

(1)
400
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(2) 500
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(3) 600

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17

(4) 800
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30. A shopkeeper goes to the wholesale market to buy his merchandise. The wholesaler has a weighing balance that
reads 1,100 g for a kilogram. The shopkeeper sells the entire purchase to a customer after marking up his price by

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10%. What is his net profit or loss percentage?
(1) 20% profit
(2) 1.09% profit
(3) 1.09% loss

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(4) No profit, no loss

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Thanks!
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