NEET

Uday 2025
Botany
DPP: 4
Cell : The Unit of Life

Q1 Animal cells contain another non-membrane (C) Human RBC

bound organelle called ............. which helps in (D) None
cell division-
Q8 Plasma membrane is
(A) Centrosome (B) Mitochondria
(A) Semi-solid
(C) Chloroplast (D) Ribosome
(B) Quasifluid
Q2 Which of the following is not eukaryotic? (C) Non-living
(A) Protists (B) Fungi (D) Both (B) and (C)
(C) Plants (D) Bacteria
Q9 Plasma membrane is
Q3 Bacterial cell wall is made of (A) Selectively permeable
(A) Peptidoglycan (B) Permeable.
(B) Murein (C) Impermeable.
(C) Chitin (D) Can be any of the above
(D) Both (A) and (B)
Q10 Who proposed fluid mosaic model?
Q4 Which one of the following is not a function of (A) Danielli and Davson
bacterial cell wall (B) Robertson
(A) Prevents the bacteria from collapsing (C) Singer and Nicolson
(B) Provides shape to bacterial cell (D) Overton
(C) Provides sticky character to cell
Q11 What is the average thickness of unit
(D) Both (A) and (B)
membrane?
Q5 Bacterial flagella are made of (A) 75 Å
(A) Tubulin protein (B) 35 Å
(B) Flagellin protein (C) 20 Å
(C) Pilin protein (D) 30 Å
(D) Dynein protein
Q12 Which component of plasma membrane helps
Q6 Most common lipid in plasma membrane is? in maintenance of its fluidity?
(A) Cholesterol (A) Cholesterol (B) Phospholipid
(B) Glycolipid (C) Glycolipid (D) More than one
(C) Phosphoglyceride
Q13 Which of the following statements is not true for
(D) Hopanoids
the plasma membrane?
Q7 Which cell was used for chemical study of (A) It is present in both plant and animal cells
plasma membrane? (B) Lipids are present in it as bilayer
(A) Human WBC (C) Proteins may be peripheral or integral in it
(B) Human cheek cell (D) Carbohydrates are never found in it
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Q14 The lipid molecules present in plasma (C)

membrane have polar heads and non-polar
tails (as shown in figure). Which option
represents the correct arrangement of lipids in
lipid bilayer?
(D)

(A)
Q15 Which of the following is found in both
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?
(A) Plasma membrane
(B) Cytoplasm
(B)
(C) Ribosome
(D) All of the above
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Answer Key
Q1 (A) Q9 (A)

Q2 (D) Q10 (C)

Q3 (D) Q11 (A)

Q4 (C) Q12 (D)

Q5 (B) Q13 (D)

Q6 (C) Q14 (B)

Q7 (C) Q15 (D)

Q8 (B)
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Hints & Solutions

Note: scan the QR code to watch video solution

Q1 Text Solution: Video Solution:

1. The centrosome is the primary microtubule-
organizing centre (MTOC) in animal cells,
regulating cell motility, adhesion, and polarity
during interphase and facilitating spindle pole
organisation during mitosis. Q3 Video Solution:
2. Centrioles are two barrel-shaped organelles
found in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the
nuclear envelope.
3. The centromere is a small DNA region in the
middle of a chromosome.
Q4 Text Solution:
4. The centrosome is a cell organelle that serves
1. The cell wall shapes the cell and provides
as the organising centre for all microtubules.
structural support to keep the bacterium from
5. A centrosome is a cytoplasmic organelle that
bursting or collapsing.
divides and migrates to opposite poles of the
2. The peptidoglycan layer of the bacterial cell
cell during mitosis and is involved in the
wall is essential for cell shape maintenance.
formation of the mitotic spindle, microtubule
3. Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) carry out
assembly, and cell cycle progression regulation.
peptidoglycan synthesis and remodelling
Video Solution: reactions.
4. Different PBPs play distinct roles in cell
division and elongation, and thus in the
determination of cell shape.
5. In bacteria, the glycocalyx is the outermost
Q2 Text Solution: layer of the cell envelope.
1. Plants, animals, protists, and fungi are all 6. It's a glycoprotein and glycolipid coating that
examples of eukaryotic cells. could be slimy and sticky.
2. Chromosomes organise their genetic Video Solution:
material.
3. Eukaryotic cells contain the Golgi apparatus,
Mitochondria, Ribosomes, and Nucleus.
4. A nuclear membrane is found in eukaryotic
cells. It contains mitochondria, Golgi bodies,
Q5 Text Solution:
and a cell wall.
1. Tubulin proteins are essential components of
5. It also has locomotory organs like cilia and
the eukaryotic cytoskeleton and the primary
flagella.
constituents of microtubules in living cells.
6. The nucleus contains DNA, which contains all
2. Tubulin proteins - polymerize into long chains
of the genetic information.
or filaments that form microtubules, which are
an important component of the eukaryotic
cytoskeleton.
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3. TLR5 recognises flagellin, a protein found in Video Solution:

many bacteria's flagellar structure.
4. The pilus is a hair-like structure that is
involved in bacterial adhesion as well as
bacterial colonisation and infection.
5. Pili are mostly made up of oligomeric pilin Q7 Video Solution:
proteins that are arranged helically to form a
cylinder.
6. New pilin protein molecules insert into the
pilus's base.
7. Dynein is involved in a variety of cytoplasmic
Q8 Text Solution:
cellular functions.
1. The plasma membrane does not have a rigid,
8. It is the driving force behind the transport of
solid structure. It is quasi fluid, and both
membrane-bound tubules and vesicles along
phospholipid molecules and embedded
with their occupant molecules.
proteins can move side to side in it.
9. This cargo is transported to the microtubule's
minus ends.
2. The plasma membrane's fluidity is required for
Video Solution: the activities of certain enzymes and transport
molecules within the membrane.

3. Because of the lateral movement of protein

molecules through the membrane bilayer,
Q6 Text Solution: plasma membrane is referred to as a quasi-
1. Phospholipids are the most abundant fluid membrane.
membrane lipids. 4. A plasma membrane's structure is as follows:
The cell membrane is made up of a
2. These have two hydrophobic hydrocarbon phospholipid bilayer into which a variety of
tails and a polar head group. globular proteins are embedded.

3. Phospholipids are glycerol esters, fatty acid 5. The cell wall is the only non-living component
esters, phosphoric acid esters, and other in a plant cell because it is an extracellular
alcohol esters. product that exists outside the cell's living
boundary, i.e. the plasma membrane, and
4. Phosphatidylcholine, protects the cell while also providing it with a
phosphatidylethanolamine, definite shape.
phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine Video Solution:
are the most common phospholipids.

5. Phosphatidylcholine,
phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine,
and sphingomyelin are the four major
Q9 Text Solution:
phospholipids found in the plasma membrane
of many mammalian cells.
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1. The degree of diffusion of liquids, gases, and sandwiched between two globular protein
other dissolved substances through a layers.
membrane is defined as permeability.
3. Singer and Nicolson proposed the fluid
2. Permeability refers to a substance's ability to mosaic model in 1972.
control passage through a membrane.
4. Singer and Nicolson proposed a fluid mosaic
3. The permeability of the membrane model of the plasma membrane.
determines whether it is a freely permeable
membrane, a selectively permeable membrane, 5. According to the theory, the plasma
an impermeable membrane, or a semi- membrane is a lipid bilayer that incorporates
permeable membrane. proteins, cholesterol, and carbohydrates, giving
it a mosaic-like appearance.
4. Only certain molecules can pass through a
selectively permeable membrane or a 6. The cell membrane has a quasi fluid structure
differentially permeable membrane. with lipids and proteins arranged in a mosaic
pattern, according to the fluid mosaic model.
5. The membrane that surrounds subcellular
organelles, tonoplasts, and cell membrane are 7. Fluidity is essential for many membrane
all examples of selectively permeable functions.
membranes.
Video Solution:

6. Cellophane is a non-living selectively

permeable membrane.

Q11 Text Solution:

1. Unit membrane refers to the limiting
membrane of cells and organelles, which was
previously viewed as a three-layered structure
with an inner lipid layer and two outer protein
layers and is now viewed as a fluid
Video Solution: phospholipid bilayer with intercalating proteins.
2. The unit membrane has three layers,
according to J David Robertson's unit
membrane model.
3. The bimolecular phospholipid layer is 35 Å
thick, while the other two protein layers are
Q10 Text Solution:
each 20 Å thick.
1. Hugh Davson and James Danielli proposed
4. Therefore, the unit membrane's total thickness
the Davson-Danielli model of a cell's plasma
is 75 Å.
membrane in 1935.

2. The model depicts a phospholipid bilayer

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Video Solution: Q14 Video Solution:

Q12 Video Solution: Q15 Video Solution:

Q13 Video Solution:

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