Viking Raids and Invasions

Late 8th Century: Vikings, primarily from Denmark and

Norway, launched raids along the coasts of England,
Scotland, and Ireland, seeking plunder and wealth
9th Century: Viking raids intensified, with larger armies
conducting full-scale invasions of England. These
incursions led to significant conflict between the Vikings
and the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, including Wessex, Mercia,
Northumbria, and East Anglia
860s-870s: The Great Heathen Army, a coalition of Viking
warriors, launched a series of devastating campaigns in
England, culminating in the capture of York and the
establishment of the Danelaw, a region where Danish law
and customs prevailed.

Anglo-Saxon Resistance
Alfred the Great: King Alfred of Wessex, later known as
Alfred the Great, played a crucial role in resisting Viking
invasions. He fortified cities, organized local militias, and
negotiated alliances to defend against Viking attacks
Battle of Edington (878): Alfred's victory over the Great
Heathen Army at Edington is often cited as a turning point
in the conflict. The battle led to the Treaty of Wedmore,
which established a boundary between Anglo-Saxon and
Viking-controlled territories.

Unification and Consolidation

10th Century: Following Alfred's reign, his successors
continued to resist Viking incursions and gradually pushed
back against Danish control
Athelstan: King Athelstan, Alfred's grandson, is credited
with unifying the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms and asserting
dominance over Viking-held territories
Battle of Brunanburh (937): Athelstan's victory over a
combined army of Scots, Norse, and Irish forces solidified
Anglo-Saxon control over England.