DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR UNDER GROUND WATER TANK

Name of work :- pkn 0.13 2.60 m 0.13

1 Tank size 2.60 x 2.15 x 2.00 m
2 Tank capacity 11180 ltr 0.09 m
3 Angle of repose 30 Degree Saturated soil unit wt 21.00 kN/m 3

4 Conrete M 40 unit weight 25000 N/m3 10 mm f bars 12 mm f bars 660 mm

scbc 13 N/mm 2
m 7.18 280 mm c/c 12 mm f bars 330 mm
5 Steel fy 500 Tensile stress 275 N/mm 2
short span
0.09
6 Nominal Cover 35 mm Water unit wt 10 kN/m3 top roof
7 Thickness Walls 130 mm 0.13 m 16 mm f bars 2.15 m
Top roof 130 mm 13 cm 0.13 m ### mm c/c 12 mm f bars -360 mm
Bottom slab 180 mm 0.18 m 8 mm f bars 200 mm
7 Reinforcement Wall 0.10 16 mm f bars 280 mm 0.10
Long out side vertical 16 mm F 310 mm c/c 0.55 m height
Out side vertical 16 mm F 620 mm c/c upto top 0.18
in side vertical 12 mm F 240 mm c/c 0.85 m height
in side vertical 12 mm F 480 mm c/c upto top Bottom slab steel detail
Distribution 8 mm F 230 mm c/c on each face
Short out side vertical 10 mm F 180 mm c/c 0.85 m height 0.13 12 mm f bars 180 mm c/c 0.13
Out side vertical 10 mm F 360 mm c/c upto top 8 mm f bars 230 mm c/c
in side vertical 12 mm F 260 mm c/c 0.67 m height 16 mm f bars 620 mm c/c
in side vertical 12 mm F 520 mm c/c upto top 1.33 m 12 mm f bars 260 mm c/c
Out side Horizontal 12 mm F 180 mm c/c 0.85 m height 12 mm f bars 520 mm c/c
Out side Horizontal 12 mm F 180 mm c/c upto top 12 mm f bars 480 mm c/c
In side Horizontal 12 mm F 260 mm c/c 0.85 m height 10 mm f bars 360 mm c/c
In side Horizontal 12 mm F 260 mm c/c upto top 12 mm f Bars 260 mm c/c
8 Roof 12 mm f bars 260 mm c/c
Main 12 mm F 330 mm c/c 0.67 m 12 mm f bars 240 mm c/c
Distribution 10 mm F 280 mm c/c 12 mm f bars 180 mm c/c
9 Base Main 16 mm F 280 mm c/c at the Bottom face 16 mm f bars 310 mm c/c
Main 12 mm F -360 mm c/c at the top face 10 mm f bars 180 mm c/c
Distribution 8 mm F 200 mm c/c
0.18

long wall steel deail Short wall steel detail

Drawing not to the scale
 DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR UNDER GROUND WATER TANK
Name of work :- pkn
Tank size 2.60 x 2.15 x 2.00 m
Tank capacity 11 11180 mm
Angle of repose 30 Degree Saturated soil unit wt = 21.00 kN/m3 21000
Conrete M 40 unit weight = 25000 N/m 3

Steel fy 500 N/mm 2

Tensile stess = 275 N/mm2
scbc 13 N/mm2 m= 7.18
Nominal cover 35 mm unit wt. of water = 10 N/mm3 10000

###
Solution, general:- There are four components of design.
(I) Design of long wall (II) Design of short wall
(III) Design of roof slab (IV) Design of base slab
The design of walls will be done under two condition.
(a) Tank full with water, with no earth fill out side.
(b) Tank empty, with full earth pressure due to saturated earth fill.
The base slab will be designed for uplift pressure and the hole tank is to be tasted against
floatation. As the L/B ratio is greater than 2 the long wall will be designed as cantilever. The bottom one metre
( >H /4) of short walls will be designed as cantilever while the top portion will designed as slab supported by long
walls .

### Design Constants:- For HYSD Bars Cocrete M = 40

sst = 275 N/mm 2
wt. of concrete = 25000 N/mm2
scbc = 13 N/mm2 m = 7.18
m*c 7.18 x 13
k= = = 0.253
m*c+sst 7.18 x 13 + 275
j=1-k/3 = 1 - 0.253 / 3 = 0.916
R=1/2xc x j x k = 0.5 x 13 x 0.916 x 0.253 = 1.508

### Design of Long wall :-

(a) Tank empty with pressure satureted soil from outside.
Pa = KaY'H +YwH
1 - sin 30 1 - 0.5 0.5 1
Here, Ka =
30
=
1 + 0.5
=
1.5
=
3
= 0.333
1 + sin
Y' = 21.00 - 10 = 11.00 kN/m3 = ### N/m3
Yw = 10 kN/m3 = 10000 N/m3
\ Pa = 0.333 x 11000 x
2.00 + 10000 x 2.00 = 27333.3 N/m2
2.00 2.00
Maximum B.M. at the base of wall = 27333 x x = 18222.22 N-m or 18222222.222
2 3
18222222.2222222
Required depth = = 110 mm
1.508 x 1000
Provide total depth 110 + 35 = 150 mm so that available d = 115 mm
18222222.2222222
Ast = = 629 mm2
275 x 0.916 x 115
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 16 x 16
using 16 mm bars A = = = 201
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 201 / 629 = 319 say = 310 mm
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 310 mm c/c on out side face, at bottom of long wall
Cutailment of reinfocrement. Since B.M. is proportional to h3, we have:
Asth h3 Asth 1/3
= = From which h = H x
 = = From which h = H x
Ast H3 Ast

If Asth =1/2. Ast (i.e.half the bars being curtailed). H= H(1/2)'1/3 = 2.00 x( 0.5 )1/3 = 1.587
\ Height from the base = 2.00 - 1.587 = 0.41 m However as per code requirement,
the bars are to be continued further for distance of 12 F = 12 x 16 = 192 mm or d = 115
whichever is more, beyond this point. Hence curtail half the bars at 0.41 + 0.115 = 0.55 m from base.
Similarly, depth where only 0.25% reinforcement is requiredd is h=H(0.25)1/3= 2.00 x( 0.25 )1/3=
\ Height from the base = 2.00 - 1.26 = 0.74 m However as per code requirement,
the bars are to be continued further for distance of 12 F = 12 x 16 = 192 mm or d = 115
whichever is more, beyond this point. Hence curtail half the bars at 0.74 + 0.115 = 0.90 m from base.
150 - 100
Minimum, % Reinforcement = 0.3 - 0.1 x = 0.286 %
450 - 100
150 x 1000
Min = 0.2857 x = 429 mm2
100
This is > Than 0.25 % of Ast at bottom . Hence above curtalment is not permissible
Hence the reinforcement will be provid as under,
(I) At base : 16 mm f bars @ 310 mm c/c
(II) At 0.55 m above base , up to top : 16 mm f bars @ 620 mm c/c
Distribution steel :-
150 - 100
% of distribution steel = 0.3 - 0.1 x = 0.286 %
450 - 100
150 x 1000
Astd = 0.286 x = 429 mm2, Area of each face = 214.5
100
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 8 x 8
using 8 mm bars A = = = 50.2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 50.2 / 215 = 234 say = 230 mm
Hence Provided 8 mm F bar, @ 230 mm c/c on Each face,
1000 x 50.2
having, Ast = 2x = 437 mm2
230
Direct compression in long walls:- The earth pressure acting on short walls will cause compression
in long walls, because top portion of shorts walls act as slab supported on long walls
At h = 2.00 / 4 = 0.5 or 1.00 m above the base of walls .
Pa=KaY' (H-h) + Yw (H-h) = 0.333 x 11000 x( 2.00 - 1.00 )+ 10000 x 1.00 = 13667
This direct compression devloped on long walls and wall section. N/m2
2.15
PLC =Pa.x B/2 13667 x = 14692 N
2
This will be well taken by distribution steel and wall section
(b) Tank full with water and no earth fill out side.
P = Y x wh = 10000 x 2.00 = 20000 N/m2
HxH 2.00 x 2.00
M=p x = 20000 x = 13333.33 N-m or 13333333.33333
2x3 2 x 3
13333333.3333333
Ast = = 461 mm2
275 x 0.916 x 115
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 12 x 12
using 12 mm bars A = = = 113
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / 461 = 245 say = 240 mm
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 240 mm c/c at the in side face.
Curtailement of reinforcement:-
Asth h3 Asth 1/3
= = From which h = H x
Ast H3 Ast
If Asth =1/2. Ast (i.e.half the bars being curtailed). H= H(1/2)' 1/3
= 2.00 x( 0.5 )1/3 = 1.587
 \ Height from the base = 2.00 - 1.587 = 0.41 m However as per code requirement,
the bars are to be continued further for distance of 12 F = 12 x 12 = 144 mm or d = 115

whichever is more, beyond this point. Hence curtail half the bars at 0.41 + 0.115 = 0.55 m from base.
Similarly, depth where only 0.25% reinforcement is requiredd is h=H(0.25)1/3= 2.00 x( 0.25 )1/3=
\ Height from the base = 2.00 - 1.26 = 0.74 m However as per code requirement,
the bars are to be continued further for distance of 12 F = 12 x 12 = 144 mm or d = 115
whichever is more, beyond this point. Hence curtail half the bars at 0.74 + 0.115 = 0.90 m from base.
150 - 100
Minimum, % Reinforcement = 0.3 - 0.1 x = 0.286 %
450 - 100
150 x 1000
Min = 0.2857 x = 429 mm2
100
This is > Than 0.25 % of Ast at bottom . Hence above curtalment is not permissible
Hence the reinforcement will be provid as under,
(I) At base : 12 mm f bars @ 240 mm c/c
(II) At 0.55 m above base , up to top : 12 mm f bars @ 480 mm c/c

Direct tensio on long wall:- Since the top portion of short wall act as slab supported on long walls,
the water pressure acting on short walls will cause in long walls.
B 2.15
PL= P x Where p= 10000 x = 10750 N/m2 at 1.00 m height
2 2
2.15
\ PL = 10750 x = 11556.25 N, As required = 11556.25 / 275 = 42
2
Area of distribution steel provided in horizontal direction = 437 mm2
Hece distribution steel will take direct tension.
### Design of short walls :-
(a) Tank empty, with pressure of satureted soil from outside.
(I) Top Portion . The bottom 1.00 m act as cantilever, while the remaining 1.00
act as slab supported on long walls.
Pa = KaY' (H-h) + Yw (H-h) = 0.33 x 11000 x 1.00 + 10000 x 1.00 = 3667 + 10000
= 13667 N/m2
PaL2 13667 x 2.15 2
Mf (at supports ) = = = 5265 N-m (causing tension out side )
12 12
PaL2 PaL2 13667 x 2.15 2 N-m (causing
M ( at centre ) = - Mf = = = 2632
8 24 24 tension in side )
d = 150 - ( 35 + 12 ) = 103 mm
5265000
At Supports, Ast = = 203 mm2
275 x 0.916 x 103
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 12 x 12
using 12 mm bars A = = = 113
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / 203 = 557 say = 550 mm
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 550 mm c/c at the out side face at 1.00 m below the top
At mid span, Ast = 203 x 0.5 = 101.5 mm2 minimum Ast = 429
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 12 x 12
using 12 mm bars A = = = 113
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / 429 = 263 say = 260 mm
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 260 mm c/c at inner side face
(III) Bottom portion The bottom 1.00 m will bend as cantilever.
 Intensity of earth pressure at bottom = 27333.33 N/m2
1 1 (with tension at out side
\ M = x 27333 x 1 x = 4556 N-m
2 3 face)

4556 x 1000
\ Ast = = 157 mm2
275 x 0.916 x 115
Minimum steel @ 0.286 % "= 429 mm2
3.14xdia 2
3.14 x 12 x 12
using 12 mm bars A = = = 113
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / 429 = 263 say = 260 mm
Hence Provided 10 mm F bar, @ 260 mm c/c at out side face, in vertical direction for
bottom 1.00 m height. The spacing can be doubled for upper portion.
(III) Direct compression in short walls:-
Though the long walls bend as cantilever, it is observed that end 1.00
width of long wall contributes to push in short walla, due to earth pressure, and its magnitude is given by
PBC = Pa x 1 = 13667 x 1 = 13667 N
This is quite small, and hence its effect has not been considered.
(b) Tank full with water , and no earth fill out side.
(I) Top Portion . The bottom 1.00 m act as cantilever, while the remaining 1.00
act as slab supported on long walls.
p = w (H-h) = 10000 x( 2.00 - 1.00 )= 10000 N/m2
PB2 10000 x 2.15 2 causing tension at
Mf (at supports ) = = = 3852.08 N-m
12 12 the inside
PB2 10000 x 2.15 2
causing tension at
Mc (At centre) = = = 1926.04 N-m
24 24 the outside
Direct tension in short wall:- Due to water pressure on the end 1.00 metre width of long wall is
pB = w (H-h) x1 = 10000 x( 2.00 - 1.00 )x 1.0 = 10000 N/m2
Effective d, for horizontal steel = 103 mm
\ Distance = (x - d ) x T / 2 = 103 - 150 / 2 = 28 mm
Mf - PB.x PB
Hence net B.M. = M - PB. x \ Ast1 = Ast2 =
sst,j.d ss
At inside face (end of short walls)
Mf - PB.x 3852 x 1000 - 10000 x 28
Ast1 = = = 138 mm2
sst,j.d 275 x 0.916 x 103
PB 10000
Ast2 = = = 36 mm2 \ total Ast = 138 + 36 = 174
ss 275
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 12 x 12
using 12 mm bars A = = = 113
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / 174 = 650 say = 640 mm
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 640 mm c/c at the inner face,
At the out side face (middle of short walls)
Mc - PB.x 1926 x 1000 - 10000 x 28
Ast1 = = = 63 mm2
sst , j . d 275 x 0.916 x 103
PB 10000
Ast2 = = = 36 mm2 \ total Ast = 63 + 36 = 99
ss 275
Minimum reinforcement required = 429 mm2
 3.14xdia2 3.14 x 12 x 12
using 12 mm bars A = = = 113
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / 429 = 263 say = 260 mm
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 260 mm c/c at the outside face,

(III) Bottom portion The bottom 1.00 m will bend as cantilever.

P (at bottom) = 20000 N/m2 (stap 3)
1 1 with tension at in side
\ M = x 20000 x 1 x = 3333 N-m
2 3 face
3333 x 1000
\ Ast = = 115 mm2
275 x 0.916 x 115
Minimum steel @ 0.286 % = 429 mm2
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 10 x 10
using 10 mm bars A = = = 79
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 79 / 429 = 183 say = 180 mm
Hence Provided 10 mm F bar, @ 180 mm c/c at out side face, in vertical direction for
bottom 1.00 m height. The spacing can be doubled for upper portion.
( C) Summary of reinforcement in short walls.
(I) Horizontal reifocement at inner face:
For lateral earth pressure, horizontal reinfocement require is 12 mm f @ 260 mm c/c in the mid span
For water pressure, horizontal reinforcement required is 12 mm f @ 640 mm c/c at the ends.
Hence provided greater one of two reinforcement.
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 260 mm c/c at inner face at, 1.00 m from top.
At top 1 m height, the pressure will be reduced to half the value ;
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 260 mm c/c at for the top 1.00 m height.
(II) Horizontal reinfocement for outer face;
For lateral earth pressure, horizontal reinfocement require is 12 mm f @ 550 mm c/c in the mid span
For water pressure, horizontal reinforcement required is 12 mm f @ 180 mm c/c at the ends.
Hence provided greater one of two reinforcement.
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 180 mm c/c at inner face at, 0.00 m from top.
At top 1 m height, the pressure will be reduced to half the value ;
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 180 mm c/c at for the top 1.00 m height.
(III) Vertical reinforcement at inner face;
provide 12 mm F bar, @ 260 mm c/c at the inner face, for bottom 1.00 m height
the spacing can be double for upper portion.
(IV) Vertical reinforcement at outer face;
provide 10 mm F bar, @ 180 mm c/c at the Outer face, for bottom 1.00 m height
the spacing can be double for upper portion.
### Design of top slab:-
L/B = 2.60 / 2.15 = 1.209 Hence top slab will be design as one way slab.
Let the live load of slab = 2000 N/m2
Assuming a thickness of 13 cm including finishing etc.
self weight = 0.20 x 1 x 1 x 25000 = 5000 N/m2
Total weight = 2000 + 5000 = 7000 N/m2
w . B2 7000 x( 2.15 + 0.15 )2= 4629 N-m or 4629000
M = =
 M = =
8 8
4629000
Required depth = = 55 mm
1.508 x 1000
Provide total depth 55 + 35 = 90 mm so that available d= 55 mm
4629000
Ast = = 334 mm2
275 x 0.916 x 55
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 12 x 12
using 12 mm bars A = = = 113
4 x100 4 x 100

Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / 334 = 338 say = 330 mm

Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 330 mm c/c
Distribution steel :-
90 - 100
% of distribution steel = 0.3 - 0.1 x = 0.303 %
450 - 100
90 x 1000
Astd = 0.303 x = 273 mm2,
100
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 10 x 10
using 10 mm bars A = = = 78.5
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 78.5 / 273 = 288 say = 280 mm
Hence Provided 10 mm F bar, @ 280 mm c/c the other direction.

### Design of bottom slab:- If ther is no sub-soil water nominal reinforcement would required .
However, because of saturated sub-soil, there will uplift pressure on the bottom slab, of the magnitude given by.
pu = wH1 = 10000 x 2.30 = 23000 N/m2 (assuming base slab thickness = 180
Chech against flotation.; The hole tank must be check against flotation when the tank is empty.
Total upward flotation force. = Pu = pu x B x L
Pu = 23000 x 2.15 x 2.60 = 128570 N
Total down ward force consists of weight of tank. Base slab thickness = 180
Weight of walls = 0.15 x 2.00 x( 2.15 + 2.60 )x 2.00 x 25000 = 71250
Weight of roof slab and finishing = 0.13 x 2.15 x 2.60 x 25000 = 18167.5
Weight of base slab = 0.18 x 2.15 x 3 x 25000 = 25155
Total weight W= 114572.5
128570 > 114572.5 upward force is more than dpown ward force

hence provide projection in slab, beyond the face of vertical walls, by an amount x m alround, so that weight of soil
column supported by projection will provide additional down war force. It is assumed that if the tank is floted, the
earth would rupture on vrtical planes shown by dotted lines. (fig ) .Most soil would tend torupture on an inclined
planes, thus tendind to increase the effective down ward load from the earth but this might be small in waterlogged
non-cohesive ground.

Weigt of soil supported by projection:

x = 2(L+B)x H.Ysat = 2 x( 2.45 + 2.90 )x 2.00 x 21000 = 449400
Weight of roof slab and finishing = 0.13 x 2.15 x 2.60 x 25000 = 18167.5
Weight of walls = 0.15 x 2.00 x( 2.15 + 2.60 )x 2.00 x 25000 = 71250
Total "= 89417.5
Weight of base slab=( 2.15
+ 2 x 0.15 + 2 x)
( 2.60 + 2 x 0.15 + 2 x) 0.18 x 25000
=( 2.45 + 2 x)( 2.9 + 2 x) 4500 =
Assuming that S.F. = 1.10 is needed because
 (I) concrete may weight less than 25000 N/m3
(II) Earth may weight les than 17000 N/m3
(III) Ground water may turn saline weight more than 10000 N/m3
Total up lift force = 1.10 x 20000 x( 2.45 + 2 x)( 2.9 + 2 x)
Equating total upward force to the total down ward force, we get
2.45 + 2 x) ( 2.9 + 2 x)= 449400 x + 89418 )/ 17500
4 x+
2
10.7 x + 7.105 )= 25.68 x + 5.11
4 x2 14.98 x + 2.00 = 0
1 x2 3.74 x + 0.50 = 0 hence x = 0.10

Chech : width B1 = 2.45 +( 2 x 0.10 ) = 2.65 m

Length = 2.90 +( 2 x 0.10 ) = 3.10 m
\ Weight of soil suppoted on projection: x = 2 x( L1 +B1)x Hysat
x = 2 x( 3.10 + 2.65 )x 0.10 x 2 x 21000 = 48300
The Bottom slab will be design as one way slab. Cosidered one metre length
Upward water pressure Pu = 23000 N/m2
Self weight of slab : 1 x 1 x 0.18 x 25000 = 4500
\ Net upward pressure, p = 23000 - 4500 = 18500
Weight of wall per m. run = 0.15 x 2.00 x 1 x 25000 = 7500
weight of roof slab, transferred to each wall, per m run
= 0.20 x( 2 + 0.15 )x 1 x 25000 = 10750
Weight of earth projection = 17000 x 2 x 1 x 0.10
= 34000 x 1 x 0.10 = 3400
\ Net unbalanced force/m run = 23000 ( 2.65 x 1 )- 2 x( 7500 +
3400 + 10750 = 17650
\ Reaction on each wall = 17650 / 2 = 8825
Pa '= Ka yH +wH = 27333 N/m2 \ pa = 27333 x 2 / 2 = 27333
Acting at = 2 / 3 + 0.18 = 0.8466667 m above the bottom of base slab
B.M. at the edge of 18500 x 0.10 2
+ 34000 x 0.10 2
27333 x 0.847 -
cantilever portion '= 2 2.00
= 23065 N-m or 23065000 N-mm Causing tension at bottom face
B.M. At center of span = 18500 x 2.65 + 27333 x 0.847 -( 7500 + 3400
2

2 x 2
2.3 2.65
+ 10750 )x - 34000 x 0.10 x( - 0.05 )'=
2 2
= 16240 + 23142 "- 24897 - 4335
= 10149 N-m or 10149000 N-mm Causing tension at top face
23065000
Required depth = = 124 mm
1.508 x 1000
Provide total depth 124 + 50 = 180 mm so that available d= 130 mm
23065000
Ast = = 705 mm2
275 x 0.916 x 130
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 16 x 16
using 16 mm bars A = = = 201
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 201 / 705 = 285 say = 280 mm
Hence Provided 16 mm F bar, @ 280 mm c/c at bottom Face
 For top face,
-10149000
Ast = = -310 mm2
275 x 0.916 x 130
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 12 x 12
using 12 mm bars A = = = 113
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / -310 = -365 say = -360 mm
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ -360 mm c/c
Disrtibution reinforcement in longitudinal direction
180 - 100
= 0.30 - 0.1 x = 0.28 %
450 - 100
0.28 x 1000 x 180
Area of steel = = 499 mm2 On each face = 250
100

3.14xdia2 3.14 x 8 x 8
using 8 mm bars A = = = 50.2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of hoop Bars = 1000 x 50.2 / 250 = 201 say = 200 mm
Hence Provided 8 mm F bar, @ 200 mm c/c. on each face

### Detail of reinforcement:-

Shown in drawing
 21000

10000

tasted against
tom one metre
pported by long

N-mm

mm2
 m

mm,
m from base.
1.26

mm,
m from base.

permissible

mm2

mm2

13667
N/m2

N-mm

mm2

m
 mm,

m from base.
1.26

mm,
m from base.

permissible

mm2

10000

ion out side )

m (causing
sion in side )

mm2

m below the top

mm2

mm2
sion at out side
face)

mm2

metre

ension at

ension at

mm2

mm2

mm2
 mm2

sion at in side
face

mm2

the mid span

the ends.

the mid span

the ends.

ne way slab.

N-mm
 mm2

mm2

mm)

mm
N
N
N
N

weight of soil
floted, the
an inclined
waterlogged

xN
N
N
N
 N

N/m2
N/m2
N/m

N/m

N
N
N/m
m of base slab

at bottom face

at top face

mm2
mm2

mm2

mm2
 DESIGN OF REACTANGULAR UNDER GROUND WATER TANK

Name of work :- pkn

16 mm f @ 310 mm c/c
8 mm f @ 230 mm c/c
0.15 2.15 0.15
0.15

12 mm f @ 240 mm c/c 8 mm f @
230 mm c/c
mm f @ mm c/c
mm f @ mm c/c 2.15 1.33 16 mm f @ 620
12 mm f @ mm c/c 12 mm f @ 480
mm f @ mm c/c
mm f @ mm c/c 0.67 16 mm f @ 310
12 mm f @ 550 mm c/c 0.10 12 mm f @ 240

0.18
0.15
mm f @ mm c/c

0.15 2.60 m 0.15

12 mm f @ 660 mm c/c
10 mm f @ 280 mm c/c
12 mm f @ 330 mm c/c

0.09
10 mm f @ 520 mm c/c
12 mm f @ 520 mm c/c
mm f @ mm c/c 1.00 m
2.00 mm f @ mm c/c
12 mm f @ 640 mm c/c
10 mm f @ 260 mm c/c
12 mm f @ 550 mm c/c 1.00 m
0.10 12 mm f @ 260 mm c/c 0.10

0.2
 0.2

Reinforcement detail for short wall

 0.09

2.00

0.10
 VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS
Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18 tbd (N / mm2)
scbc N/mm2 5 7 8.5 10 11.5 13
m scbc 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33
kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
(a) sst =
140 jc 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867
N/mm2 Rc 0.867 1.214 1.474 1.734 1.994 2.254 Grade of
(Fe 250) concrete
Pc (%) 0.714 1 1.214 1.429 1.643 1.857
kc 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 M 15
(b) sst = jc 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 M 20
190
N/mm2 Rc 0.732 1.025 1.244 1.464 1.684 1.903 M 25
Pc (%) 0.433 0.606 0.736 0.866 0.997 1.127 M 30
kc 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 M 35
(c ) sst =
230 jc 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 M 40
N/mm2 Rc 0.653 0.914 1.11 1.306 1.502 1.698 M 45
(Fe 415)
Pc (%) 0.314 0.44 0.534 0.628 0.722 0.816 M 50
kc 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253
(d) sst =
275 jc 0.916 0.916 0.916 0.914 0.916 0.916
N/mm2 Rc 0.579 0.811 0.985 1.159 1.332 1.506
(Fe 500)
Pc (%) 0.23 0.322 0.391 0.46 0.53 0.599

Permissible shear stress Table tv in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As Permissible shear stress in concrete tv N/mm2
bd M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
Grade of
< 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.2 0.2 0.2
concrete
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
0.50 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32 M 10
0.75 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38 M 15
1.00 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42 M 20
1.25 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46 M 25
1.50 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.49 M 30
1.75 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.52 0.52 M 35
2.00 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.55 M 40
2.25 0.44 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.56 0.57 M 45
2.50 0.44 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.60 M 50
2.75 0.44 0.51 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62
3.00 and above 0.44 0.51 0.57 0.6 0.62 0.63

Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permissib
Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 Grade of concrete
tc.max 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5 sct.max

Shear stress tc Reiforcement %

100As 100As Value
M-20 M-20
bd bd Degree
0.15 0.18 0.18 0.15 1
0.16 0.18 0.19 0.18 1.5
0.17 0.18 0.2 0.21 2
0.18 0.19 0.21 0.24 2.5
0.19 0.19 0.22 0.27 3
0.2 0.19 0.23 0.3 3.5
0.21 0.2 0.24 0.32 4
0.22 0.2 0.25 0.35 4.5
0.23 0.2 0.26 0.38 5
0.24 0.21 0.27 0.41 5.5
0.25 0.21 0.28 0.44 6
0.26 0.21 0.29 0.47 6.5
0.27 0.22 0.30 0.5 7
0.28 0.22 0.31 0.55 7.5
0.29 0.22 0.32 0.6 8
0.3 0.23 0.33 0.65 8.5
0.31 0.23 0.34 0.7 9
0.32 0.24 0.35 0.75 9.5
0.33 0.24 0.36 0.82 10
0.34 0.24 0.37 0.88 10.5
0.35 0.25 0.38 0.94 11
0.36 0.25 0.39 1.00 11.5
0.37 0.25 0.4 1.08 12
0.38 0.26 0.41 1.16 12.5
0.39 0.26 0.42 1.25 13
0.4 0.26 0.43 1.33 13.5
0.41 0.27 0.44 1.41 14
0.42 0.27 0.45 1.50 14.5
0.43 0.27 0.46 1.63 15
0.44 0.28 0.46 1.64 15.5
0.45 0.28 0.47 1.75 16
0.46 0.28 0.48 1.88 16.5
0.47 0.29 0.49 2.00 17
0.48 0.29 0.50 2.13 17.5
0.49 0.29 0.51 2.25 18
0.5 0.30 18.5
0.51 0.30 19
0.52 0.30 19.5
0.53 0.30 20
0.54 0.30 20.5
0.55 0.31 21
0.56 0.31 21.5
0.57 0.31 22
0.58 0.31 22.5
0.59 0.31 23
0.6 0.32 23.5
0.61 0.32 24
0.62 0.32 24.5
0.63 0.32 25
0.64 0.32 25.5
0.65 0.33 26
0.66 0.33 26.5
0.67 0.33 27
0.68 0.33 27.5
0.69 0.33 28
0.7 0.34 28.5
0.71 0.34 29
0.72 0.34 29.5
0.73 0.34 30
0.74 0.34 30.5
0.75 0.35 31
0.76 0.35 31.5
0.77 0.35 32
0.78 0.35 32.5
0.79 0.35 33
0.8 0.35 33.5
0.81 0.35 34
0.82 0.36 34.5
0.83 0.36 35
0.84 0.36 35.5
0.85 0.36 36
0.86 0.36 36.5
0.87 0.36 37
0.88 0.37 37.5
0.89 0.37 38
0.9 0.37 38.5
0.91 0.37 39
0.92 0.37 39.5
0.93 0.37 40
0.94 0.38 40.5
0.95 0.38 41
0.96 0.38 41.5
0.97 0.38 42
0.98 0.38 42.5
0.99 0.38 43
1.00 0.39 43.5
1.01 0.39 44
1.02 0.39 44.5
1.03 0.39 45
1.04 0.39 45.5
1.05 0.39 46
1.06 0.39 46.5
1.07 0.39 47
1.08 0.4 47.5
1.09 0.4 48
1.10 0.4 48.5
1.11 0.4 49
1.12 0.4 49.5
1.13 0.4 50
1.14 0.4 50.5
1.15 0.4 51
1.16 0.41 51.5
1.17 0.41 52
1.18 0.41 52.5
1.19 0.41 53
1.20 0.41 53.5
1.21 0.41 54
1.22 0.41 54.5
1.23 0.41 55
1.24 0.41 55.5
1.25 0.42 56
1.26 0.42 56.5
1.27 0.42 57
1.28 0.42 57.5
1.29 0.42 58
1.30 0.42 58.5
1.31 0.42 59
1.32 0.42 59.5
1.33 0.43 60
1.34 0.43 60.5
1.35 0.43 61
1.36 0.43 61.5
1.37 0.43 62
1.38 0.43 62.5
1.39 0.43 63
1.40 0.43 63.5
1.41 0.44 64
1.42 0.44 64.5
1.43 0.44 65
1.44 0.44 65.5
1.45 0.44 66
1.46 0.44 66.5
1.47 0.44 67
1.48 0.44 67.5
1.49 0.44 68
1.50 0.45 68.5
1.51 0.45 69
1.52 0.45 69.5
1.53 0.45 70
1.54 0.45 70.5
1.55 0.45 71
1.56 0.45 71.5
1.57 0.45 72
1.58 0.45 72.5
1.59 0.45 73
1.60 0.45 73.5
1.61 0.45 74
1.62 0.45 74.5
1.63 0.46 75
1.64 0.46 75.5
1.65 0.46 76
1.66 0.46 76.5
1.67 0.46 77
1.68 0.46 77.5
1.69 0.46 78
1.70 0.46 78.5
1.71 0.46 79
1.72 0.46 79.5
1.73 0.46 80
1.74 0.46 80.5
1.75 0.47 81
1.76 0.47 81.5
1.77 0.47 82
1.78 0.47 82.5
1.79 0.47 83
1.80 0.47 83.5
1.81 0.47 84
1.82 0.47 84.5
1.83 0.47 85
1.84 0.47 85.5
1.85 0.47 86
1.86 0.47 86.5
1.87 0.47 87
1.88 0.48 87.5
1.89 0.48 88
1.90 0.48 88.5
1.91 0.48 89
1.92 0.48 89.5
1.93 0.48 90
1.94 0.48
1.95 0.48
1.96 0.48
1.97 0.48
1.98 0.48
1.99 0.48
2.00 0.49
2.01 0.49
2.02 0.49
2.03 0.49
2.04 0.49
2.05 0.49
2.06 0.49
2.07 0.49
2.08 0.49
2.09 0.49
2.10 0.49
2.11 0.49
2.12 0.49
2.13 0.50
2.14 0.50
2.15 0.50
2.16 0.50
2.17 0.50
2.18 0.50
2.19 0.50
2.20 0.50
2.21 0.50
2.22 0.50
2.23 0.50
2.24 0.50
2.25 0.51
2.26 0.51
2.27 0.51
2.28 0.51
2.29 0.51
2.30 0.51
2.31 0.51
2.32 0.51
2.33 0.51
2.34 0.51
2.35 0.51
2.36 0.51
2.37 0.51
2.38 0.51
2.39 0.51
2.40 0.51
2.41 0.51
2.42 0.51
2.43 0.51
2.44 0.51
2.45 0.51
2.46 0.51
2.47 0.51
2.48 0.51
2.49 0.51
2.50 0.51
2.51 0.51
2.52 0.51
2.53 0.51
2.54 0.51
2.55 0.51
2.56 0.51
2.57 0.51
2.58 0.51
2.59 0.51
2.60 0.51
2.61 0.51
2.62 0.51
2.63 0.51
2.64 0.51
2.65 0.51
2.66 0.51
2.67 0.51
2.68 0.51
2.69 0.51
2.70 0.51
2.71 0.51
2.72 0.51
2.73 0.51
2.74 0.51
2.75 0.51
2.76 0.51
2.77 0.51
2.78 0.51
2.79 0.51
2.80 0.51
2.81 0.51
2.82 0.51
2.83 0.51
2.84 0.51
2.85 0.51
2.86 0.51
2.87 0.51
2.88 0.51
2.89 0.51
2.90 0.51
2.91 0.51
2.92 0.51
2.93 0.51
2.94 0.51
2.95 0.51
2.96 0.51
2.97 0.51
2.98 0.51
2.99 0.51
3.00 0.51
3.01 0.51
3.02 0.51
3.03 0.51
3.04 0.51
3.05 0.51
3.06 0.51
3.07 0.51
3.08 0.51
3.09 0.51
3.10 0.51
3.11 0.51
3.12 0.51
3.13 0.51
3.14 0.51
3.15 0.51
 Permissible Bond stress Table tbd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 M-45 M-50
-- 0.6 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

Development Length in tension

Plain M.S. Bars H.Y.S.D. Bars

tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F
0.6 58 0.96 60
0.8 44 1.28 45
0.9 39 1.44 40
1 35 1.6 36
1.1 32 1.76 33
1.2 29 1.92 30
1.3 27 2.08 28
1.4 25 2.24 26

Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permission stress in compression (N/mm2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for
Bending acbc Direct (acc) plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
(N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) in kg/m2
3.0 300 2.5 250 -- --
5.0 500 4.0 400 0.6 60
7.0 700 5.0 500 0.8 80
8.5 850 6.0 600 0.9 90
10.0 1000 8.0 800 1.0 100
11.5 1150 9.0 900 1.1 110
13.0 1300 10.0 1000 1.2 120
14.5 1450 11.0 1100 1.3 130
16.0 1600 12.0 1200 1.4 140

Permissible direct tensile stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
sct.max 1.2 2.0 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4
 Value of angle
sin Degree cos tan cot
0.017 1 1.000 0.017 57.295
0.026 1.5 1.000 0.262 56.300
0.035 2 0.999 0.035 28.644
0.044 2.5 0.999 0.044 22.913
0.052 3 0.999 0.052 19.083
0.061 3.5 0.998 0.061 16.362
0.070 4 0.998 0.070 14.311
0.078 4.5 0.997 0.079 12.707
0.087 5 0.996 0.087 11.437
0.096 5.5 0.995 0.096 10.385
0.104 6 0.995 0.105 9.563
0.113 6.5 0.994 0.114 8.777
0.122 7 0.993 0.123 8.149
0.131 7.5 0.991 0.132 7.597
0.139 8 0.990 0.140 7.119
0.148 8.5 0.989 0.149 6.691
0.156 9 0.988 0.158 6.315
0.165 9.5 0.986 0.168 5.963
0.174 10 0.985 0.176 5.673
0.182 10.5 0.983 0.185 5.396
0.191 11 0.981 0.194 5.142
0.199 11.5 0.980 0.203 4.915
0.208 12 0.978 0.213 4.704
0.819 12.5 0.976 0.839 1.192
0.225 13 0.974 0.231 4.332
0.233 13.5 0.972 0.240 4.166
0.242 14 0.970 0.249 4.011
0.250 14.5 0.968 0.259 3.867
0.259 15 0.966 0.268 3.732
0.259 15.5 0.964 0.269 3.723
0.276 16 0.961 0.287 3.488
0.284 16.5 0.959 0.296 3.376
0.292 17 0.956 0.306 3.272
0.301 17.5 0.954 0.315 3.172
0.309 18 0.951 0.325 3.078
0.317 18.5 0.948 0.335 2.989
0.326 19 0.946 0.344 2.905
0.334 19.5 0.943 0.354 2.824
0.342 20 0.940 0.364 2.747
0.350 20.5 0.937 0.374 2.674
0.358 21 0.934 0.384 2.605
0.367 21.5 0.930 0.394 2.539
0.375 22 0.927 0.404 2.475
0.383 22.5 0.924 0.414 2.414
0.391 23 0.921 0.424 2.356
0.399 23.5 0.917 0.435 2.300
0.407 24 0.924 0.440 2.271
0.415 24.5 0.910 0.456 2.194
0.422 25 0.906 0.466 2.148
0.431 25.5 0.905 0.476 2.103
0.438 26 0.898 0.488 2.049
0.446 26.5 0.895 0.499 2.006
0.454 27 0.891 0.510 1.963
0.462 27.5 0.887 0.521 1.921
0.469 28 0.883 0.532 1.881
0.477 28.5 0.879 0.543 1.842
0.485 29 0.875 0.554 1.804
0.492 29.5 0.870 0.566 1.767
0.500 30 0.866 0.577 1.732
0.508 30.5 0.862 0.589 1.698
0.515 31 0.857 0.601 1.664
0.522 31.5 0.853 0.613 1.632
0.530 32 0.848 0.625 1.600
0.537 32.5 0.843 0.637 1.570
0.545 33 0.839 0.649 1.540
0.552 33.5 0.834 0.662 1.511
0.559 34 0.829 0.675 1.483
0.566 34.5 0.834 0.679 1.473
0.573 35 0.819 0.700 1.429
0.581 35.5 0.814 0.713 1.402
0.588 36 0.809 0.726 1.377
0.595 36.5 0.804 0.740 1.351
0.602 37 0.799 0.754 1.327
0.609 37.5 0.793 0.767 1.303
0.616 38 0.788 0.781 1.280
0.623 38.5 0.783 0.795 1.257
0.629 39 0.777 0.810 1.235
0.636 39.5 0.772 0.824 1.213
0.643 40 0.766 0.839 1.191
0.649 40.5 0.760 0.854 1.171
0.656 41 0.755 0.869 1.150
0.663 41.5 0.749 0.885 1.130
0.669 42 0.743 0.900 1.111
0.676 42.5 0.737 0.916 1.091
0.682 43 0.731 0.933 1.072
0.688 43.5 0.725 0.949 1.054
0.695 44 0.719 0.966 1.036
0.701 44.5 0.713 0.983 1.018
0.707 45 0.707 1.000 1.000
0.713 45.5 0.701 1.018 0.983
0.719 46 0.695 1.036 0.966
0.725 46.5 0.688 1.054 0.949
0.731 47 0.682 1.072 0.933
0.737 47.5 0.676 1.091 0.916
0.742 48 0.669 1.109 0.902
0.749 48.5 0.663 1.130 0.885
0.755 49 0.656 1.150 0.869
0.760 49.5 0.649 1.171 0.854
0.766 50 0.643 1.192 0.839
0.772 50.5 0.636 1.213 0.824
0.777 51 0.629 1.235 0.810
0.786 51.5 0.623 1.262 0.792
0.788 52 0.616 1.280 0.781
0.793 52.5 0.609 1.303 0.767
0.799 53 0.602 1.327 0.754
0.804 53.5 0.595 1.351 0.740
0.809 54 0.588 1.376 0.727
0.814 54.5 0.581 1.402 0.713
0.819 55 0.574 1.428 0.700
0.824 55.5 0.566 1.455 0.687
0.829 56 0.559 1.483 0.675
0.834 56.5 0.552 1.511 0.662
0.839 57 0.545 1.540 0.649
0.843 57.5 0.537 1.570 0.637
0.848 58 0.530 1.600 0.625
0.853 58.5 0.522 1.632 0.613
0.857 59 0.515 1.664 0.601
0.862 59.5 0.508 1.698 0.589
0.866 60 0.500 1.732 0.577
0.870 60.5 0.492 1.767 0.566
0.875 61 0.485 1.804 0.554
0.879 61.5 0.477 1.842 0.543
0.883 62 0.470 1.880 0.532
0.887 62.5 0.462 1.921 0.521
0.891 63 0.454 1.963 0.510
0.895 63.5 0.446 2.006 0.498
0.899 64 0.438 2.051 0.488
0.903 64.5 0.431 2.097 0.477
0.906 65 0.423 2.145 0.466
0.910 65.5 0.415 2.195 0.456
0.914 66 0.407 2.246 0.445
0.917 66.5 0.399 2.300 0.435
0.921 67 0.391 2.356 0.424
0.924 67.5 0.383 2.414 0.414
0.927 68 0.375 2.475 0.404
0.930 68.5 0.819 1.136 0.880
0.934 69 0.358 2.605 0.384
0.937 69.5 0.350 2.674 0.374
0.940 70 0.342 2.747 0.364
0.943 70.5 0.556 1.696 0.590
0.946 71 0.326 2.904 0.344
0.948 71.5 0.317 2.989 0.335
0.951 72 0.309 3.078 0.325
0.954 72.5 0.301 3.172 0.315
0.956 73 0.292 3.271 0.306
0.959 73.5 0.284 3.376 0.296
0.961 74 0.276 3.488 0.287
0.964 74.5 0.267 3.606 0.277
0.966 75 0.259 3.732 0.268
0.968 75.5 0.250 3.868 0.259
0.970 76 0.242 4.011 0.249
0.982 76.5 0.233 4.209 0.238
0.974 77 0.225 4.332 0.231
0.976 77.5 0.216 4.511 0.222
 0.978 78 0.208 4.705 0.213
0.980 78.5 0.199 4.915 0.203
0.982 79 0.191 5.145 0.194
0.983 79.5 0.182 5.396 0.185
0.985 80 0.174 5.673 0.176
0.986 80.5 0.165 5.977 0.167
0.988 81 0.156 6.315 0.158
0.989 81.5 0.148 6.691 0.149
0.999 82 0.139 7.178 0.139
0.991 82.5 0.131 7.597 0.132
0.993 83 0.122 8.145 0.123
0.994 83.5 0.113 8.777 0.114
0.995 84 0.105 9.517 0.105
0.995 84.5 0.096 10.389 0.096
0.996 85 0.087 11.431 0.087
0.997 85.5 0.078 12.716 0.079
0.998 86 0.070 14.302 0.070
0.998 86.5 0.061 16.362 0.061
0.999 87 0.052 19.083 0.052
0.999 87.5 0.044 22.913 0.044
0.999 88 0.035 28.637 0.035
1.000 88.5 0.026 38.299 0.026
0.9998 89 0.017 57.295 0.017
0.9999 89.5 0.009 114.931 0.009
1.000 90 0.000 1.000 0.000