Dr.

Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University

Lonere, Maharashtra

An Internship Training Project

Report

On
PRE-ENGINEERED METAL BUILDING

“TRICON ENGINEERING, WARJE, PUNE”

Submitted by
Mr. JOEL FRANCIS KALLUPURAKAL
Under the Guidance of
PROF. G A MATRE
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
in partial fulfillment for the award of
Bachelor of Technology
in
Mechanical Engineering

Department of Mechanical Engineering

MATSYODARI SHIKSHAN SANSTHA’S
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Nagewadi, Jalna - 431 203
(2023-24)
 MATSYODARI SHIKSHAN SANSTHA’S
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, JALNA

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Mr. JOEL FRANCIS KALLUPURAKAL has successfully
completed Internship Training Project entitled “CAD DETAILER” in partial fulfillment of
the requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical
Engineering of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere.
The matter embodied in this Internship Training Project report is a record of his own
independent work carried out by him under my supervision and guidance. The matter embodied
in this report has not been submitted for any award of any Degree or Diploma.

Prof. Mohammad Javed Prof. G.A,Matre

Guide Co-ordinator

Prof. R. L. Karwande Dr. S. K. Biradar

H.O.D. Principal
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This Internship Training Project would not have been possible without the guidance
and the help of several individuals who contributed and extended their valuable assistance in
the preparation and completion of this study. I would like to thank all those people who made
this Internship Training Project possible and un-forgettable experience for me.
I am grateful to Prof. R. L. Karwande, Head of Mechanical Engineering Department,
MSS’s, CET, Jalna. Again I would like to specially thank to our respected Principal, Dr. S. K.
Biradar, MSS CET, Jalna for being my inspiration as I hurdle all the obstacles in the completion
of this Internship Training Project work.

Mr. JOEL FRANCIS

KALLUPURAKAL
 DECLARATION
I declare that this written submission represents my ideas in my own words and where
others' ideas or words have been included, I have adequately cited and referenced the original
sources. I also declare that I have adhered to all principles of academic honesty and integrity
and have not misrepresented or fabricated or falsified any idea/data/fact/source in my
submission. I understand that any violation of the above will be cause for disciplinary action
by the Institute and can also evoke penal action from the sources which have thus not been
properly cited or from whom proper permission has not been taken when needed.

Mr. JOEL FRANCIS KALLUPURAKAL

(Seat No. T2021381612007)

Date: 31/05/2024

Place: Jalna
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter. Title Page no.

No
ABSTRACT 7-10

1. INTRODUCTION 11-15

1.1. COMPANY PROFILE 11-15

2. OBJECTIVES AND RESEARCH PROPOSAL 16

3. LITERATURE REVIEW 17-20

4. WORKING 21-27

4.1. METHODOLOGY 21-22

4.2. LOAD CALCULATION 23-27

5. ADVANTAGES 28

6. DISADVANTAGES 29

7. CONCLUSION 30

8. REFERENCES 31
 FIGURE INDEX

Figure No. Name of the figure Page

no.
Fig..A Tekla Structure Screen 9

Fig. 1.1 Tricon Engineering Warje, Pune 12

Fig. 1.2 Glimpse of Training 13

Fig. 3.1 Render Results of PEB Structure 24

Fig. 3.2 Bending Moment Diagram 25

Fig. 3.3 Rigid Frame Layout 26

Fig. 3.4 Anchor Bolt Layout 27

 Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University

ABSTRACT

A pre-engineered steel building (PEB) has now become one of the most efficient and simplified
building type in the steel construction industry. PEB has found a wide application in the Indian civil industry.
Use of tapered members for columns and rafters is one of the basic properties of PEB. Use of web-tapered
members increases the efficiency of the PEB. Rather there are limitations for design of tapered members by
Indian code the use of these members is made in the industry which has its design based on the American
design. In this study we have made a review over some literature based over the concept and design of PEB.
We have also studied the provisions of the codes and made a brief study on PEB.

In the construction business, pre-engineered buildings, or P.E.B.s, have become increasingly popular
because of their efficiency, affordability, and quick assembly. An overview of the key elements involved in
the design and analysis of P.E.B. framed structures using STAAD.Pro software is given in this abstract.
P.E.B buildings are designed systems in which the building and roof trusses and beams are produced off-site
and assembled on-site. The concepts and benefits of P.E.B. technology are examined in this project,
including its cost-effectiveness, shortened construction time, and flexible design.

To guarantee P.E.B. framed constructions’ performance and safety under varied load scenarios,
structural analysis and design are essential. A key tool in this process is the widely used structural analysis
and design program STAAD.Pro. The practical use of STAAD.Pro for modeling, analyzing, and constructing
P.E.B. buildings is explored in this work. It includes modeling different structural parts, evaluating structural
reactions, and assigning loads (wind, earthquake, and other pressures).

The project also highlights how crucial it is to follow international design codes and standards, such
AICC, IS800, and MBMA, in order to guarantee compliance and safety in P.E.B. construction.

In summary, STAAD is used in the design and analysis of P.E.B.-framed structures. Represent a
substantial development in contemporary building techniques. This abstract provides as a foundation for
comprehending the essential components required to establish secure, effective, and ecologically conscious
PEB structures will change as a result of research and innovation in PEB technology.

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Technological advancements have greatly aided in improving quality of life through variety of new
products and services. Pre Engineered Building (PEB) is among such technological advancement in the
structural engineering. PEB concept provides optimum design, good aesthetic view, fast rate of construction
and reduction in erection time. PEB satisfies a broad range of custom design needs and applications. This
methodology is adaptable not only because of its high quality pre-designing and prefabrication, but also of
its flexibility. In the current study, the comparison has been made on the structural performance of multiple
bay system with different wind zones [Locations: Vijayawada and Hyderabad]. Analysis and design have
been carried out using STAAD.Pro software. The structural performance of pre-engineered building has
been assessed through the shear force (SF) and bending moment (BM) magnitudes. Based on the output of
SF and BM of pre-engineered components through Staad. Pro analysis, the geometrical properties of pre-
engineered sections have been decided. Results concludes structure weight located in Vijayawada is 11.04%
higher than that of the structure in Hyderabad.

 TEKLA STRUCTURES :

Tekla Structures is used in the construction industry for steel and concrete detailing, precast and cast
in-situ. The software enables users to create and manage 3D structural models in concrete or steel, and guides
them through the process from concept to fabrication.[8] The process of shop drawing creation is automated.
It is available in different configurations and localized environments.[9]

Tekla Structures is known to support large models with multiple simultaneous users, but is regarded
as relatively expensive, complex to learn and fully utilize.[1] It competes in the BIM market with AutoCAD,
Autodesk Revit, DProfiler and Digital Project, Lucas Bridge, PERICad and others.[1][2] Tekla Structures is
Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) compliant.[5]

Modeling scopes within Tekla Structures includes Structural Steel, Cast-in-Place (CIP), Concrete,
Reinforcing Bar, Miscellaneous Steel and Light Gauge Drywall Framing. The transition of Xsteel to Tekla
Structures in 2004 added significant more functionality and interoperability. It is often used in conjunction
with Autodesk Revit, where structural framing is designed in Tekla and exported to Revit using the
DWG/DXF formats.

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Fig. A Tekla Structures Screen

Tekla Structures was used extensively for the steel design of Capital Gate at Abu Dhabi, UAE. Files
exported from Tekla facilitated faster steel fabrication.[4] One of the architects, Jeff Schofield, stated that
“it was the right time in history and we had the right technology to make this happen”. The Manitoba Hydro
Spillway Replacement was designed using Tekla Structures to “successfully model and co-ordinate its
design”, a project that won the TEKLA 2012 North American BIM Award for “Best Concrete Project”. It
was the “first hydroelectric project that has seen steel, concrete, and rebar fully detailed using Tekla
Structures”.

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Engineers have used Tekla Structures to model stadiums, offshore structures, pipe rack structures,
plants, factories, residential buildings, bridges and skyscrapers. Tekla Structures was used in the construction
design for various projects around the world, including:

1. Grandstand Replacement, Daytona International Speedway

2. Frontstretch Grandstands, Daytona International Speedway
3. Denver International Airport Expansion
4. San Jose Earthquakes Stadium
5. BB&T Ballpark
6. Spillway Replacement, Manitoba Hydro
7. National Stadium Roof, Singapore Sports Hub (Singapore)
8. Red Bear Student Center, University of Saskatchewan (Canada)
9. Troja Bridge (Prague)
10. Tesco Supermarket (Sheringham, UK)
11. Baylor University Stadium (Australia)
12. Canopée des Halles, Forum des Halles (Paris, France)
13. Sutter Medical Center (California, USA)
14. Expansion, Chennai International Airport (India)
15. Dongdaemun Design Plaza (Seoul)
16. Capital Gate (Abu Dhabi)
17. Midfield Terminal Complex, Abu Dhabi Airport (Abu Dhabi)
18. King Abdullah Financial District (Saudi Arabia)
19. King Abdulaziz Center for World Culture (Saudi Arabia)
20. National Museum of Qatar (Qatar)
21. Hilton Garden Inn (UAE)
22. Puuvilla Shopping Centre (Finland)
23. College Football Hall of Fame (Atlanta, GA)

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CHAPTER NO.1

INTRODUCTION

Pre-engineered buildings (PEB) are gaining popularity in the construction industry due to their
efficiency, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness. These steel structures are designed and manufactured off-site,
and then assembled on the construction site. To ensure accurate and efficient design, Tekla offers a wide
range of benefits. Know the basics of PEB structures and delve into the advantages of utilizing Tekla for
PEB design. If you’re interested in enhancing your skills in Tekla, there are several Tekla training courses
in Kerala, particularly in Kochi.

Pre-engineered buildings (PEB) are steel structures that are engineered and manufactured in a
factory before being transported and assembled on-site. These structures are highly versatile and find
application in warehouses, factories, showrooms, sports facilities, and commercial buildings. PEB structures
are known for their efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and quick installation.

1.1. COMPANY PROFILE :

TRICON ENGINEERING is a leading detailing/drafting service provider company our clients are
pre-engineered metal building manufacturers in USA. We have team of skilled detailers & checkers capable
of detailing of any complex structure.
Service includes
1. Preparation of Approval/Permit drawing
2. Shop drawing,
3. Bill of material &
4. Erection drawing.
Company completed over 1400 projects of various sizes & complexities such as commercial,
industrial buildings, church etc. from last 15 years, we are providing services to our existing clients based in
Oklahoma City OK and have an excellent reputation for quality, reliability.

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Fig. 1.1 Tricon Engineering, Warje, Pune

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Fig.1.2 Glimpse of Training

Pre-Engineered Buildings (PEBs) are a contemporary building technique that finds extensive usage
in commercial, industrial, and even residential sectors. This kind of construction system consists of structural
elements that are assembled on-site from a factory. Because of its reputation for efficiency, affordability,
and adaptability, PEB buildings are a common option for a range of building projects.

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Pre-engineered building, or PEB, is a structural structure made up of pre-fabricated and pre-

designed parts.These are produced at a factory and delivered to the building site where they are assembled.
Primary frame components like columns, beams, and rafters, as well as secondary components like roof and
wall panels, can be found in PEB constructions.

Design: PEB buildings are developed and constructed to fulfill project-specific needs, accounting for local
building rules and elements such as location. When developing PEB structures, computer-aided design
(CAD) and engineering software are essential for accurate specifications and effective material utilization.

Components: A PEB structure’s essential parts are as follows:

Primary Framing: This consists of the rafters and columns that make up the building’s fundamental
structural structure. These parts are often produced of extremely strong steel.

Secondary Framing: Purlins and girts are examples of secondary framing elements that provide the
structure more solidity and support. They are involved in the process of connecting roof and wall panels.

Wall and Roof Panels: PEB buildings usually include wall cladding and roofing panels that are strong and
lightweight. For increased energy efficiency, these panels can be constructed from materials like steel,
aluminum, or insulated sandwich panels.

Accessories: Depending on the purpose and architectural specifications of the building, a variety of
accessories, including doors, windows, ventilation systems, and insulation, can be included into the PEB
structure.

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Benefits:
Cost-Effective: Due to expedited construction timelines and reduced material waste, pre-engineered
buildings (PEB) usually provide a more affordable option than traditional construction methods.

Speed of Construction: PEB buildings are a popular option for projects with constrained timetables since
the use of prefabricated components drastically cuts down on construction time.

Customization: PEB structures provide architectural designers flexibility by allowing them to be tailored to
specific functional and design needs.

Durability: PEB buildings are renowned for their strength and resilience, which makes them appropriate for
a variety of settings, such as factories, airplane hangars, warehouses, and gymnasiums.

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CHAPTER NO.2

OBJECTIVE AND RESEARCH PROPOSAL

The purpose of this study is to assess the design skills of two software designs by comparing their output.
The members used in the design are essentially the same, and the structure is designed as a steel link.

MATERIAL AND METHODS – We assumed a lot about the building, its function, its environment, and
the forces it would encounter before beginning construction. Since the project is in seismic zone IV, we
utilized the LSM technique with Indian standard criteria to design the members. The structure is partially
open and framed in PEB.

LIMIT STATE METHOD: Carefully designed and constructed structures have the lowest chance of
collapsing. The structure is constructed utilizing typical values of its material strengths and applied loads to
account for differences in material qualities and the load to be sustained.

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CHAPTER NO.3
LITERATURE REVIEW

M D Gawade et al [1]in their “STUDY OF PRE-ENGINEERED BUILDING CONCEPT”

has carried out the study of PRE-ENGINEERED BUILDING CONCEPT with the use of tapered
members for columns and rafters and also using web tapered members depending on design
limitations mentioned in the Indian code. They concluded that PEB is more effective than CSB
when it’s about steel structure. From this research work it is seen that weight of PEB is very less as
compare to CSB with same loading. Whereas PEB requires accurate design and detailing unlike
CSB.

A. Sravan Kumaret in their “Design and Analysis of Pre Engineered Industrial

B. Buildings (PEB)”performing analysis of PEB using IS code 800-2007 in STAAD
PRO software. Explaining every parameters and detailing procedure. They concluded that
if this construction had been conventional rather than a PEB, the weights would have
increased by 30%. The base of an external column is a permanent support. Sway doesn’t
use pinned connections to manage. Base of an internal column is regarded as a permanent
support. The building’s exterior walls are fully sheeted. Roof and wall rod bracing is taken
into consideration for horizontal restraint.
Muhammad Umair Saleemet al [3]in their “Minimum Weight Design of Pre Engineered
Steel Structures using Built-up Sections and Cold Formed Sections “they analyses to Reduce
seismic and gravitational pressures result from a structure’s minimum weight being inversely
proportional to its lowest cost. Pre-engineered tapered and cold formed sections are used after
conventional steel hot rolled sections have been analyzed and developed to achieve the
aforementioned goals and to confirm the suitability and applicability of the PEB concept. It has
been determined that cold formed section secondary framing for PEB structures weighs about 60%
less than traditional hot rolled secondary framing used in the late 20th century. Built-up section
primary framing is also 32% less expensive than traditional hot rolled section primary framing. Less
distortions and sway have been seen in both main and secondary framing when using hot rolled
sections. Buildings are now more affordable, lightweight, and aesthetically pleasing thanks to PEB
technology.

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Subhash Kumar Sah et al [5] in their “Performance and Protection of Pre-Engineered

Buildings Subjected to Blast and Earthquake Excitations” The research demonstrates the
value of using fluid viscous dampers to improve the performance of PEB structures that have been
exposed to blast and earthquake vibration control techniques in the form of passive dampers. The
effect of various damper placements and properties on the structural performance of PEB structures
subjected to blast and earthquake is also covered in the study. The most efficient damper for the
chosen PEB system at reducing the effects of blast and earthquake is class B-3 technique in
mitigating the blast and earthquake responses of a PEB system designed for wind effects. Damper
class B-3 is the most effective damper in mitigating the blast and earthquake responses of the
selected PEB system.

Sandeep Sathe et al [6] in their “A state of art review on analysis and design of pre-
engineered buildings” A review of the analysis and design of PEB structures is provided in the
current work. The study gives a step-by-step description of how to model PEB structures and
examines the various elements of the PEB system. This review article concludes research on PEB’s
various aspects, including characteristics, configuration, and performance in comparison to
conventional steel buildings. The design guidelines of different international codes of practice are
also compared in the study.

Shashank Pattanshetti et al [7] in their “Comparative Study on the Economy between Pre-
engineered and Conventional Steel Buildings” The research, which compares conventional steel
structures and pre-engineered structures, discusses the economics of the structures in terms of
reducing structural weight and maximizing material use. A 3D model of a traditional steel structure
and pre-engineered building is designed and analyzed for the research using the structural designing
software STAAD Pro. When compared to a conventional steel construction, the weight of structural
steel for pre-engineered buildings is 33.00% less. The weight of the structure has been decreased
by 10.10% thanks to the replacement of ISMC with tube (hollow) sections and the alteration of
structural component sizes in response to the size of approaching pressures demonstrating that an
economical steel design can be achieved by optimizing structural components based on weight
magnitude.

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Akshay Sharma et al [8]in their “Comparative Study of Conventional Steel Building and
Pre-engineered Building to be used as an Industrial Shed” This case study for Industrial

Shed is based on a summary and a number of other case studies that demonstrate the
experimental and analytical research they have done in this area. The outcome demonstrates how
these buildings are cost-effective, energy-efficient, and flexible in their design. The findings
indicate that compared to other types of industrial structures, steel structures are significantly more
cost-effective, energy-efficient, and flexible in their construction.

Seena Somasekharan et al [9]in their “WIND LOAD ANALYSIS FOR INDUSTRIAL

BUILDING WITH DIFFERENT BRACING PATTERNS AND ITS COMPARISON WITH
PRE ENGINEERED BUILDING” The truss chord members for various sections, including
ISLC/ISA, UB/UC, and SHS, are designed in this research using SAP 2000-18. The industrial
building’s design makes use of the most cost-effective truss chord sections, and various bracing
techniques, including X-bracing, diagonal bracing, and k-bracing, are used to perform wind analysis
on the structures. The overall economic study reveals that PEB is less profit than CSB. Less steel
is used when PEB is used instead of CSB. Therefore, based on the research presented above, we
can say that CSB or PEB are the best types of industrial buildings to use when the span is near to
42 metres and the distance between bays is 6 metres.

Mr. Hitesh Jibhkate et al [10] in their “COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF

PREENGINEERED BUILDING AND CONVENTIONAL STEEL BUILDING BY STAAD
PRO” This study’s goal is to examine the most economical tonnage frame and potential causes of
inconsistent results. Additionally, a comparative study is done between the cold-formed purlins
used in PEB and the hot-rolled section used in CSB. In comparison to the CSB structure, the PEB
structure type created by IS 800:2007 has less axial force, shear force, and bending moment.
Compared to CSB structure, the PEB structure type created by IS 800:2007 is lighter.

In comparison to the CSB Structure, the PEB Structure is 64% lighter.

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Nauman Khurram et al [11]in their “Optimization of flange and web slenderness for pre-
engineered built-up steel sections” The impact of unbraced length ratios on flange and web
slenderness ratios is elaborated in this paper, which also presents a design-based optimization for
pre-engineered steel frames made up of built-up sections. A Mat lab-based tool was created to
address the issue of built-up non-compact and slender sections based on the planning process.
Different unbraced length ratios’ section capacities were assessed. The parameters of interest for
the entire research were the local slenderness of the web and the flange.

Swati Wakchaure et al [12]in their “Design and Comparative Study of Pre-Engineered

Building” This research analyses and designs a PEB Frame and CSB Frame industrial structure in
accordance with Indian standards (IS 800-1984 and IS 800-2007).

In terms of weight comparisons between Indian codes (IS800-1984, IS800-2007), as well

as between PEB and CSB building structures, the economy of the structure is addressed. The portion
is categorized as Plastic, Compact and Semi-Compact, Slender Cross portion in IS Code 800-2007
Table 2. The narrow portion is not designed in accordance with IS 8002007.Therefore, in PEB
design, the slender sections are not designed in accordance with IS 800-2007 code and IS 800-1984
code, which reduces the weight of the framework. When compared to IS 800-2007, the deflection
limits in IS 800-1984 are greater. PEB structures reduce dead loads, which in turn decrease
foundation size.

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CHAPTER NO.4

WORKING

4.1. METHODOLOGY

• Design Process: PEB Structures use a collaborative design approach in which architects and
engineers collaborate to produce a unique building design. Detailed blueprints are frequently created
using computer-aided design (CAD) software.

• Manufacturing: Structures such as columns, beams, purlins, and panels are produced in a factory
setting under strict supervision. Because these parts are engineered to exact specifications,
consistency and quality are guaranteed.

• Transportation: After fabrication, the parts are packed and brought to the building site. Because they
are pre-engineered, they can be transported efficiently and have less logistical obstacles.

• Assembly: Using bolts or welding, the prefabricated components are connected during on-site
assembly. This technology often reduces building time and associated expenses since it is faster than
traditional construction methods.

• Cost-Effective: Because PEB constructions need less work, take less time to construct, and waste
less material than traditional buildings, they are frequently more affordable. There may be total
project savings as a result of the expedited building process.

• Construction Speed: PEB structures are renowned for their quick construction. Most building
components arrive at the construction site prepared for assembly, reducing construction delays and
saving time.

• Versatility in Design: PEB constructions provide versatility in terms of building size, arrangement,
and architectural features. Creative customization is possible due to the ability to support a variety
of building shapes and designs.

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• Energy Efficiency: Insulation, natural lighting, and ventilation systems are examples of energy-
efficient elements that PEB buildings can be constructed to include, which can reduce operating
expenses.

• Sturdiness and Durability: PEB components are designed to support particular loads, encompassing
seismic, wind, and snow forces. This guarantees the building’s durability and structural integrity.

• Versatility: PEB buildings may be used in a variety of settings, such as factories, warehouses,
offices, sports facilities, and commercial areas.

• Quality Control: Compared to on-site construction, a better level of quality control is ensured in the
regulated factory environment where PEB components are created.

• Environmental Impact: When compared to traditional building methods, the efficiency of PEB
construction can result in less construction waste and a reduced environmental impact.

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4.2. LOADS CALCULATION:

Dead load: Indian code 875 part 1 is used to compute the dead load. Dead load of members the segment
consists of the following two frames: 1) Gabble end frame 2) The center span frame or main frame

3.1 KN/m is the dead load on the members in the main frame, which range in size from rod section to no
pragmatic members. 1.4 KN/m is the dead load on the gabble ends of the end frame. 40.0 kg/m² is the total
load on the various sections, including sheets, purlins, HVAC fittings, solar panels, etc.

These loads are either determined using IS 875 part 1 and then allocated to the members, or codes can be
chosen during the structure’s design process, and the self-weight option can be used to assign weight.

Live load: Indian code 875 part 2 may be used to compute live loads. The area that is affected by live loads
on members is 2600 square meters.

Unit area / live load = 75.00 kg/m^

5.5 KN/m is the dead load center span.

Gable end span dead load = 3 KN/m

Wind load: We used IS 875 part 3Vb = 33 m/s to calculate the wind load. Is provided by (= 0.9 7.2.1 = 0.80
7.2.2 Clause = 0.90 7.3.3.13 clause = 0.648 > 0.7 = 0.457 KN/m2

The following data are used to get pressure coefficients from IS 875 part 3.9.65% is the opening’s percentage
area (between 5% and 20%).

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Fig. 3.1Render Result of PEB Structure Using ETABS

1. Compressive Strength Test:

This test is performed to determine the brick’s compressive strength. It is also known as brick’s crushing
strength. Three brick samples are typically brought to a laboratory for testing and examined one by one. In
this test, a brick specimen is placed on a compressive strength testing machine and subjected to steady
pressure until it breaks. Consideration is given to the maximum pressure at which a brick is crushed. Each
of the three brick specimens is tested individually, and the average result is used to determine the
compressive/crushing strength of the bricks. The formula used to determine the brick’s compressive strength
is (maximum load sustained before failure/area of the brick surface) N/mm2.

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Fig. 3.2 Bending Moment Diagram

2. Water Absorption Test:

In this, the bricks are weighed initially in a dry state before being submerged in water for 24 hours. After
that, they are removed from the water and cleaned with a cloth. After that, the percentage difference between
the dry and wet bricks is computed. The weight of the three plastic bricks has been measured, and the average
brick weight.

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 Rigid Frame Layout :

Fig. 3.3 Rigid Frame Layout

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 Anchor Bolt Layout :-

Fig. 3.4 Anchor Bolts Layout

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ChapterNo.5
ADVANTAGES

1. The main benefit is quality control because all structural members are designed in advance, standards
from various codes are considered, and these components are manufactured in factories under the
supervision of quality control engineers.
2. Less expensive because of the design, manufacturing, and on-site erection cost savings.
3. It reduces construction time through the use of software for structural component design.
4. Low maintenance because steel members are painted with standard-quality paints increases their
resistance to damage and, as a result, lowers the cost of care compared to traditional steel buildings.
5. Since all of it is prefabricated and skilled labour is used to connect the various components, quick
assembly is possible.
6. Manufacturers typically provide a 20-year warranty on PEB products.
7. PEB structures can withstand extreme weather conditions: PEB buildings are built of I-frames which
are sturdy in nature and are designed to take heavy loads. Since load considerations are already taken
into account before construction, this can greatly enhance the quality of the structure.
8. Reduced construction time: One of the key benefits of PEB buildings is that they can be built in
much less time than conventional concrete buildings. The components are engineered beforehand
and standardised. This reduces the engineering, production and erection time. The use of software
for design and drafting speeds up the design phase. Moreover, the use of highly sophisticated
machinery such as beam welding machine, plasma cutting machines and shear cutting machines
greatly reduce the time of fabrication of built-up components.
9. PEB structure is low maintenance: Even before the manufacturing of PEB structure starts, the quality
of materials to be used is taken into consideration. The use of corrosion resistant steel ensures that
the structure can withstand different operating conditions. This reduces the maintenance required on
the structure for longer periods of time.
10. PEB structure is cost-effective: As the materials are chosen during the design phase and all the
calculations are run beforehand, this ensures efficient material usage and less wastage of money.
Moreover, a PEB structure can be shifted from one place to another, giving you more return on your
investment.

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Chapter No.6

DISADVANTAGE

1. Buildings may require additions to accommodate growth. It is important to note that pre-engineered
steel buildings usually only accommodate expansion if the addition is an extension of the existing
building in a direction parallel to the ridge of the existing building.

2. Longer post-fabrication finishing, such as deburring and painting.

3. Harder to machine if emergency modifications are needed.

4. More difficult to create complex pieces due to certain metal viscosities

5. Sensitive to corrosion; if the quality of the steel used or the paint used to coat the steel members is
not good, it can harm the structure and shorten its life.

6. Insulation cost: Adding acceptable insulation levels to the building will raise construction costs.

7. When exposed, steel sections can have an unpleasant appearance.

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Chapter No.7
CONCLUSION

1. The results provided by both software programs are not exact, but they are comparable within a ±5%
range.

2. Although the ETABS software has a superior graphical user interface, it lacks the ability to construct
connections and must rely on other programs to do so.

3. The Staad Pro is capable of creating connections by using RAM Connection link to create generic
connections inside the software.

4. Both programs have the ability to transmit data between them.

5. Cold formed sections are taken which produced having low cross section area which leads to low
unit weight of components and hence contributes less dead load to structure.

6. Pre-engineered structure components having cross section based on their concentration of frorces
and stresses developed.

7. Load definitions that is used here are dead load which involves self weight also, live load, seismic
load and wind load.

8. Load combinations are also be taken for analysis of the structure stability.

9. In the analysis, total weight of steel is also be analysed.

10. Tekla ensures the accurate and efficient design of PEB structures.

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Chapter No.8
REFRENCE

[1] M. D. Gawade and U. P. Waghe, “STUDY OF PRE-ENGINEERED BUILDING CONCEPT”,

Journal of Research in Engineering and Applied Sciences, JREAS, Vol. 3, Issue 03, July 2018.

[2] A. Sravan Kumar, Sanjeev Rao, Madan Mohan, Dr. Sreenatha Reddy, “Design and Analysis of Pre
Engineered Industrial Buildings (PEB)”, International Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and
Management ISSN 2320 – 3439, Vol. 03, No. 06, November 2014, pp. 26 – 29.

[3] Muhammad Umair Saleem, Zahid Ahmad Siddiqi, Hisham Qureshi, “Minimum Weight Design of
Pre Engineered Steel Structures using Built-up Sections and Cold Formed Sections”, Advanced Materials
Research Vol. 684 (2013) pp 125-129.

[4] C. M. Meera, “Pre-Engineered Building Design of an Industrial Warehouse”, International Journal

of Engineering Sciences & Emerging Technologies, June 2013. ISSN: 2231 – 6604 Volume 5, Issue 2,
pp: 75-82 ©IJESET.

[5] Muhammed Zain Kangda, Subhash Kumar Sah, Sachin Bakre, “Performance and Protection of Pre-
Engineered Buildings Subjected to Blast and Earthquake Excitations, Research Square, October 26th,
2022.

[6] Subhash Kumar Sah, Muhammed Zain Kangda, Sandeep Sathe, Nilesh Mate, “A state of art review
on analysis and design of pre-engineered buildings”, Elsevier, December 2022.

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