Welcome to MAT137 - Calculus with proofs!

Class begins at 9:10am ET

Before next class:

Watch videos 2.19,2.20,2.21,2.22
Undefined function

Let a 2 R and let f be a function. Assume f (a) is undefined.

What can we conclude?

1. lim f (x ) exist
x !a
2. lim f (x ) doesn’t exist.
x !a
3. No conclusion. lim f (x ) may or may not exist.
x !a
Undefined function

Let a 2 R and let f be a function. Assume f (a) is undefined.

What can we conclude?

1. lim f (x ) exist
x !a
2. lim f (x ) doesn’t exist.
x !a
3. No conclusion. lim f (x ) may or may not exist.
x !a

What else can we conclude?

4. f is continuous at a.
5. f is not continuous at a.
6. No conclusion. f may or may not be continuous at a.
True or False? – Discontinuities

f(x) =
) f +

g
= 0

no counter eX:
g(x) [=
,
=

1. IF f and g have removable discontinuities at a

THEN f + g has a removable discontinuity at a

2. IF f and g have non-removable discontinuities at a

THEN f + g has a non-removable discontinuity at a

#
E) Xo g(x
=
-fl
No exif(x) &Sin
=

=0
,
X

f +

g
= 0
Which one is the correct claim?

Claim 1?
(Assuming these limits exist)
⇣ ⌘
lim g (f (x)) = g lim f (x)
x!a -
x!a

exign **
Xf 0

Counter
X =
g(( + x)) =
1

f(x) = X im g(f(x)
-
or
L
: ,
) =
g
: g(limf(x)
=

+: im g(f(x
=
↑
Which one is the correct claim?

Claim 1?
(Assuming these limits exist)
⇣ ⌘
lim g (f (x)) = g lim f (x)
x!a x!a

Claim 2?
IF (A) lim f (x) = L, and (B) lim g (t) = M
x!a t!L
THEN (C) lim g (f (x)) = M
x!a
no , ob
A difficult example

Construct a pair of functions f and g such that

lim +(x
lim f (x) = 1 X> -
0
=
1

x!0
lim g (t) = 2 lim g:
t!1
lim g (f (x)) = 42
x!0
1 + X
im f)
f(x)
=

1im
42 t g(t) = 2

I
=
/

g(t) +-
= /

2+ (t -
1) + +
/

50g(1 x) g(1) = 42
=
=
og(f(x))
+
A theorem about limits After Class

Let f be a function with domain R such that

lim f (x ) = 3
x !0

Prove that
lim [5f (2x )] = 15
x !0
directly from the definition of limit. Do not use any of the limit laws.

1. Write down the formal definition of the statement you want to

prove.
2. Write down what the structure of the formal proof should be,
without filling the details.
3. Rough work.
4. Write down a complete proof.
We know : Ve , 0 ,
78 , 0 : 04x-old ,
= If(x) 31E ,
-

WTS : VEso 7830 , : 0c1X-0KS = (5f(x) -151E

let & To be fixed

I7
ok(8 = If(x) 3) E ,
take E , =E let S , 30
-

,
0,

R W :

31252 : E
.

Assume OCIX-0KS
, (f(x)
-

5.

E know)
we E
got If(x) >1 -
< (condition we
E,
let
=
5

let S = oc(x1S
04x12 12 x 128 => 5 (f(2x) -
311 E
wis : < .

oc 12x181
28 : S
.
= ) (f (2x)
-

3127 letS
Si
I
=

) 5 (f(ux) 3/2E
-

=
.

-
=> 15 f(2x)
-

1511E

VT
Proof feedback

1. Is the structure of the proof correct?

(First fix ", then choose , then ...)
2. Did you say exactly what is?
3. Is the proof self-contained?
(I do not need to read the rough work)
4. Are all variables defined? In the right order?
5. Do all steps follow logically from what comes
before?
Do you start from what you know and prove what
you have to prove?
6. Are you proving your conclusion or assuming it?