WORLDWIDE Test Procedure
ENGINEERING
Noise & Vibration
STANDARDS
Subjective Squeak and Rattle Evaluation: Vehicle Level
1 Scope
Note: Nothing in the standard supersedes
applicable laws and regulations unless specific
exemption has been obtained.
Note: In the event of conflict between the English
and domestic language, the English language shall
take precedence.
1.1 Purpose. To implement a worldwide uniform
process for evaluating the squeak and rattle (S&R)
performance of a complete vehicle. This includes
the detection, the evaluation (by subjective rating
of S&R complaints), as well as some root source
analysis. Furthermore the documentation of S&R
complaints and the results of the root source
analysis are described for initiation of problem
resolution. This procedure consists of three parts:
A Quasi-static Evaluation, a Dynamic Road
Simulation Evaluation (where available) and a
Dynamic On-road Evaluation.
This procedure also provides detailed instructions
for temperature evaluations using environmental
road simulator.
1.2 Foreword. This procedure will guide an
evaluator through full vehicle squeak and rattle
evaluations. Squeak and rattle performance shall
be evaluated according to the GMW14264
subjective rating scale.
1.3 Applicability. For all passenger cars, light
commercial vehicles and medium duty trucks.
2 References
Note: Only the latest approved standards are
applicable unless otherwise specified.
2.1 External Standards/Specifications.
None
2.2 GM Standards/Specifications.
GMW14264
2.3 Additional References.
GM R&D Report AS-598, “Hearing Acuity Standard
for Squeak and Rattle Evaluators.”
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
September 2006 Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards
GMW8518
3 Resources
3.1 Facilities. An environmental chamber with the
testing temperature range from -30 to + 50°C may
be required to meet additional VTS requirements.
3.2 Equipment.
3.2.1 Facilities for Quasi-Static Evaluations.
Utilize an area with ambient sound pressure level
less than 53 dB(A) to evaluate the vehicle for
squeaks and rattles.
3.2.2 Facilities for Dynamic Road Simulation.
Utilize a road simulator with appropriate road
inputs. A quiet test cell with a road simulator
consisting of a 4-post hydraulic shaker capable of
providing separate road inputs to each vehicle tire
is required. Additionally, the environmental road
simulators shall be capable of producing test cell
temperatures from -30 to +50°C. The
environmental road simulators shall also be
equipped with solar lamps, used to heat vehicle
interior surfaces.
3.2.3 Facilities for Dynamic On-road
Evaluations. Utilize the appropriate road systems
associated with each test facility as documented in
Appendix B. Reference Appendix A for a
comparison of road inputs with regional examples.
3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. A “design intent” test
vehicle, which reflects the development or
production status of the appropriate build phase,
shall be used to subjectively evaluate squeak and
rattle vehicle level performance.
3.4 Test Time. The following is an estimate of the
time (work hours) needed to perform various
portions of this procedure. Consider prep,
downtime and analysis of data in determing the
total calendar time required. It is noted that there
are regional differences in the number of people
and duration required and that the following tables
are shown as guidelines only.
Table 1: Without Environmental Duration
Technician Resource: 4 hours
Engineer Resource: 8 hours
Total Calendar Duration: 1 day
Page 1 of 17
GMW8518 GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS

Evaluation: Day 1 4.1.2 Affix or remove any parts that are not
installed correctly.
Quasi-static: 2 hours 4.1.3 Remove loose items from glove box and
Dynamic Road Simulation: 4 hours other compartments.
4.1.4 Remove any non-production items from the
Dynamic On-road: 2 hours vehicle (e.g., camoflague and plastic film over
seats).
Table 2: With Environmental Duration 4.1.5 Remove stickers on the windows if they
cause unwanted noise. If stickers cannot be
Technician Resource: 12 hours removed, do not include the sound associated with
Engineer Resource: 24 hours the sticker(s) in the evaluation.
4.1.6 Ensure vehicle is clean and dry prior to
Total Calendar Duration: 3 days evaluation.
4.1.7 The recommended fuel level is between 1/4
Evaluation: Day 1 Day 2 Day 3 and 3/4 full.
4.2 Conditions.
Quasi-static: 1 hour ---- ----
4.2.1 Environmental Conditions. Not applicable.
Dynamic Road 4 hours 8 hours 8 hours 4.2.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the
Simulation: requirements of the procedure shall have been
Dynamic On-road: 3 hours ---- ---- agreed upon. Such requirements shall be specified
on component drawings, test certificates, reports,
3.5 Test Required Information. Not applicable. etc.
3.6 Personnel/Skills. 4.2.2.1 Road Simulator Evaluation. When
3.6.1 Auditors. Evaluators can work by evaluating using hot and cold temperature in an
themselves or with the help of others. Generally, environmental chamber, the evaluations should be
when driving on the road systems, a second performed according to the temperature profile
occupant is recommended. provided in Appendix D. If in the event a road
simulator is not available, appropriate regional
3.6.2 Auditor Skills. Each evaluator shall be
proving grounds roads can be used.
trained in squeak and rattle noise/sound
identification and techniques. 4.2.2.2 Proving Ground Road System
Evaluation. Roads used for the dynamic
3.6.3 Hearing Requirements. (NA Only) Vehicle
evaluation should be dry without standing water.
auditors for squeak and rattle must have an
The wind speed should be < 25 km/h.
Audiological test performed on both ears.
Threshold shift at pure tone frequencies of 500 Hz, 4.3 Instructions. The following are general
1000 Hz, 2000 Hz, and 3000 Hz must be statements associated with making subjective S&R
measured. If the dB loss in each ear averaged over evaluations using the subjective rating scale.
the four test frequencies is ≤ 25 dB, the subject Rate each S&R independently of the vehicle
meets the minimum hearing qualification for market segment.
auditing S&Rs. If the shift in either ear is > 25 dB, When the same issue is encountered in more than
the subject does not meet the minimum one of the test evaluations (Quasi-static, Dynamic
requirements. This requirement is per GM R&D Road Simulation or Dynamic On-road), rate and
Report AS-598, “Hearing Acuity Standard for record the S&R separately in each of the sections.
Squeak and Rattle Evaluators.”
Evaluate each S&R separately for every mode of
operation.
4 Procedure
When evaluating on the simulator from the back
4.1 Preparation. seat do not record driver’s seat issues that were
4.1.1 All equipment which is required for using a also noted from that location.
vehicle on public roads (legal requirements and A separate subjective rating value should be
standard features) has to be in/on the vehicle. The established for similar parts in different locations.
equipment has to be placed and fixed at the For example, if the left front door has a rattle and
provided locations (first aid box, warning triangle, the right rear door has a rattle they should be
license plate, vehicle tools, spare wheel, towing recorded as separate items.
hook,...)
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

Page 2 of 17 September 2006

GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS
Record the lowest subjective rating score
associated with a S&R if heard from multiple
locations.
Operate each component with typical force.
Any and all seat positions can be used to perform
assessments.
4.3.1 Quasi-static Instructions. A general Quasi-
static Checklist as found in Appendix C can be
used to help in this assessment. This checklist is
included as an example and may be updated as
need for testing.
Operate each required component a minimum of
three times.
4.3.1.1 Exterior Closures. Turn ignition to “on”.
Turn off all accessories including the HVAC
system.
Evaluate for S&Rs from outside the vehicle for the
following closure systems, if vehicle is so
equipped, and record the subjective rating score
on a form similar to the one found in Appendix E.
4.3.1.1.1 Side Swing Door Sound. Open and
close all doors with glass in the “up”, “half way” and
“down” positions. Glass should be in “up” position
on all doors not being evaluated.
Note: If the vehicle has a convertible top or
removable roof panel(s), the door closing shall be
evaluated as follows: top raised or panel(s)
installed and windows in the full up, half up and full
down positions. Then again with the top retracted
or panel(s) removed and windows in all three
position. When measuring the second condition,
use the same door closing force as used in top up
or panel(s) installed condition.
Note: If the vehicle’s door window glass lowers
slightly when door is opened and rises when
closed, the door closing shall be evaluated in two
configurations (full down and half up).
4.3.1.1.2 Manual/Power Sliding Door(s) Sound.
4.3.1.1.2.1 Position the door just forward of the
rear detent.
4.3.1.1.2.2 Pull the door forward with a quick
typical force to allow the door to slide freely
forward and engage the latch in the case of
manual doors or push the “close” button for power
sliders.
4.3.1.1.3 Hood/Decklid/Lift Gate/Lift
Glass/Tailgate Closing Sound/Spare Tire Swing
Gate.
4.3.1.1.3.1 Open the closure enough to allow
gravity to close the closure when possible. If the
closure requires additional force to close, let go of
the closure as quickly as possible. Avoid pressing
the closure shut.
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
September 2006
GMW8518
4.3.1.1.3.2 With rear hatch open cycle any rear
compartments, cargo covers or foldable seats.
4.3.1.1.4 Fuel Filler Door Manual/Electrical.
Evaluate for S&Rs (if electric or manual cable do
so from the driver’s seat). Evaluate the closing
sound from the door location.
4.3.1.2 Interior Systems Sound. Ignition remains
“on”. All accessories including the HVAC system
remain “off”.
4.3.1.2.1 Driver’s Seat Evaluations. From the
driver’s position evaluate for S&Rs and record the
subjective rating level.
4.3.1.2.1.1 Driver’s Door. Cycle door with glass in
the up, half way and down positions.
4.3.1.2.1.2 Windows. Cycle all windows from
master switch.
4.3.1.2.1.3 Console Lid. Hold the console lid open
approximately 5 inches and let the lid fall closed.
4.3.1.2.1.4 Glove Box Door.
4.3.1.2.1.4.1 Open the glove box door and allow to
fall to full open.
4.3.1.2.1.4.2 Push the glove box door closed,
letting go just before striker engagement.
Note: If the door fails to latch when using a typical
force, then provide a minimal amount of force to
press the door closed.
4.3.1.2.1.5 Any Specialty Compartments
Accessible from Front Seat. Examples:
Additional storage compartments, sunglass
holders, foldable handholds, etc.
Cycle the components through their full operating
range.
4.3.1.2.1.6 Cup Holder(s). Cycle the cup holders.
4.3.1.2.1.7 Ashtray. Cycle the ashtray.
4.3.1.2.1.8 Sun Visor/Vanity Mirror.
4.3.1.2.1.8.1 Cycle all front sun visors up/down,
side to side and pull/push sun visor extension.
4.3.1.2.1.8.2 Cycle the sun visor mirror cover
up/down.
4.3.1.2.1.9 Steering Column Manual/Power.
Tilt/telescope the column in all positions.
4.3.1.2.1.10 Shifter. Cycle the shifter in all
positions.
4.3.1.2.1.11 Parking Brake/Brake Pedal/Clutch
Pedal. Depress the pedal or lift the handle and
then release parking brake.
4.3.1.2.1.12 Seat Belt Buckle Engagement.
4.3.1.2.1.12.1 Actuate the driver seat belt buckle.
4.3.1.2.1.12.2 Extract enough excess webbing to
allow insertion of the latch into the buckle to
eliminate webbing friction sounds.
Page 3 of 17
GMW8518
4.3.1.2.1.13 Seat Belt and Height Adjuster. Move
the adjuster through all its operating range.
4.3.1.2.1.14 Turn Signal Stalk.
4.3.1.2.1.14.1 Place the turn signal stalk in the
neutral position.
4.3.1.2.1.14.2 Move the stalk through its range of
motion.
4.3.1.2.1.15 Sunroof Sunshade. Cycle the
sunshade full travel in all modes of operation.
4.3.1.2.1.16 Power/Manual Sunroof.
4.3.1.2.1.16.1 Move the sunroof sunshade (if so
equipped) to the open position and the sunroof
glass in the closed position.
4.3.1.2.1.16.2 Cycle sunroof glass from closed to
vent and vent to closed.
4.3.1.2.1.16.3 Cycle the sunroof glass from full
close to full open and from full open to closed.
4.3.1.2.1.17 Power Seat Adjuster.
4.3.1.2.1.17.1 Place the seat in the full down and
full rear position.
4.3.1.2.1.17.2 Position the seat back to the
evaluator’s normal driving position.
4.3.1.2.1.17.3 Cycle the seat from full rear to as far
forward as is comfortable with the steering wheel,
and from this forward position to full rear.
4.3.1.2.1.17.4 Place the seat in the full rear and full
down position.
4.3.1.2.1.17.5 Cycle the seat front tilt from full
down to full up and full up to full down.
4.3.1.2.1.17.6 Cycle the seat rear tilt from full down
to full up and full up to full down.
Note: If the seat has two individual up/down
motors, one for the front tilt and one for the rear tilt,
then evaluate both motors working simultaneously
in the up and down directions, in addition to
moving each motor individually.
4.3.1.2.1.18 Power Seat Recliner.
4.3.1.2.1.18.1 Place the seat in the full down and
full rear position.
4.3.1.2.1.18.2 Maintain contact with the seat back
throughout the entire movement of the seat back
during the evaluation.
4.3.1.2.1.18.3 Move the seat back to 90 degrees
(upright) position.
4.3.1.2.1.18.4 Cycle the seat back from the
90 degrees position to full rearward tilt and from full
rear tilt to the 90 degrees position.
4.3.1.2.1.19 Power/Manual Headrest. Cycle
headrests on both front seats from full up to full
down position.
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
Page 4 of 17
GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS
4.3.1.2.1.20 Power Seat Lumbar.
4.3.1.2.1.20.1 Place the seat cushion and seat
back to the evaluator’s normal driving position.
4.3.1.2.1.20.2 Place the lumbar in its middle
position in the fore/aft direction and evaluate the
sound of moving the lumbar from top to bottom and
from bottom to top.
4.3.1.2.1.20.3 Place the lumbar in its middle
position in the up/down direction and evaluate the
sound of moving the lumbar from the fore to aft
position and from the aft to fore position.
4.3.1.2.1.21 Power Convertible Top.
4.3.1.2.1.21.1 Unlatch the attachment to the front
header if required.
4.3.1.2.1.21.2 Cycle the convertible top moving
from the closed to retracted position and from the
retracted to the closed (or partially closed if
equipped with a manual front header latch)
position.
4.3.1.2.1.22 Power Outside Rearview Mirror.
4.3.1.2.1.22.1 Position the driver’s front door
window to the full down position.
4.3.1.2.1.22.2 Place the mirror in its middle
position in the inboard/outboard direction and
evaluate the mirror from top to bottom and from
bottom to top for squeak and rattles.
4.3.1.2.1.22.3 Place the mirror in its middle
position in the up/down direction and evaluate the
mirror for squeak and rattles from the inboard to
outboard position and from the outboard to inboard
position.
4.3.1.2.1.23 Power Locks. Lock and unlock the
power locks.
4.3.1.2.1.24 HVAC. Cycle through all modes and
through all blower speeds.
4.3.1.2.2 Second Row Seat Evaluations. From
the diagonal second row seat position (if present)
evaluate and record the subjective rating level.
4.3.1.2.2.1 Rear Door. Cycle door with glass in the
up, half way and down positions.
4.3.1.2.2.2 Any Specialty Compartments
Accessible from Rear Seat. Examples: Additional
storage compartments, foldable handholds, pass-
throughs, etc.
Cycle the component through its full operating
range.
4.3.1.2.2.3 Seat Belt Buckle Engagement.
4.3.1.2.2.3.1 Actuate the rear seat belt buckle.
4.3.1.2.2.3.2 Extract enough excess webbing to
allow insertion of the latch into the buckle to
eliminate webbing friction sounds.
September 2006
GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS
4.3.1.2.2.4 Power/Manual Headrests. Cycle
headrests in all second row seat locations from full
up to full down position.
4.3.1.3 Additional Seating Evaluations.
Additional evaluations of components or sub-
systems can be made from additional seating
positions. The previous steps can be used as a
guideline when making these additional
evaluations from other seating locations.
4.3.2 Dynamic Road Simulation Evaluation.
Load the vehicle onto a 4-post road simulator. Turn
ignition to “on”. Turn off HVAC system.
4.3.2.1 Run through the appropriate Audit File,
comprised of the general types of road inputs
found in Table A1 of Appendix A, as many times
and from as many seating locations as deemed
necessary to identify S&Rs. Record all squeak and
rattle noises heard and their subjective rating level
on an evaluation sheet. (An example sheet is
shown as Appendix E.) Individual simulated roads
and sine sweeps can be run for additional root
source/cause analysis.
4.3.2.2 Items such as sunroof and shade, ashtrays,
rear armrest, headrests, consoles and cup holders
are to be cycled and evaluated while the simulator
is in operation.
4.3.2.3 Run through an additional pass of the Audit
File with all windows “up”. Walk around the outside
of the vehicle at approximately 1.5 m. Record
subjective ratings of noises heard.
4.3.3 Temperature Testing on Dynamic Road
Simulator. If testing under extreme environmental
conditions, the following supplemental steps and
variations to ignition and HVAC settings are to be
followed.
4.3.3.1 Install Interior Thermocouple. The
vehicle will be considered “stable” at a given
temperature when the thermocouple located in the
interior of the I/P (behind the glove box or inside of
the glove box) reads a constant temperature for
20 minutes. (Specified temperature does not apply
with solar.)
4.3.3.2 If between a Quasi-static Evaluation and
Dynamic Road Simulation Evaluation the interior
temperature drifts, restabilize to the prescribed
value before beginning the Dynamic Road
Simulation Evaluation.
4.3.3.3 After each of the Dynamic Road Simulation
runs at the defined temperatures, the engine
should be turned “off” and the windows lowered
when adjusting to the new temperature
requirement.
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
September 2006
GMW8518
4.3.3.4 Make sure exhaust sump is working
properly and is attached to the vehicle’s tailpipe
whenever the vehicle is running.
4.3.3.5 When changing the environmental chamber
temperature, the following steps should always be
executed:
4.3.3.5.1 Ramp the chamber temperature to the
prescribed temperature and wait for the vehicle
temperature to stabilize.
4.3.3.5.2 Solar lamps may be used over the
windshield to simulate temperatures achieved with
sun load.
4.3.3.5.3 Once a stable temperature is reached at
the interior, the vehicle is ready for evaluation.
4.3.3.6 When testing at each temperature, the
following steps should always be executed:
4.3.3.6.1 Perform a Quasi-static Evaluation and
Road Simulator Evaluation.
4.3.3.6.2 Perform a Dynamic Road Simulator
Evaluation by running the current version of Audit
File on the road simulator with the engine running,
the HVAC on low fan speed.
4.3.3.6.3 An Environmental Testing Temperature
Flow Chart Is Shown In Appendix D.
4.3.4 Dynamic On-road Evaluation Instruction.
Each GM Test Facility has a series of roads
deemed appropriate in the identification of S&Rs.
Reference Appendix B. While driving the
prescribed course, note S&Rs and their severity
using the subjective rating scale. When appropriate
stop and record ratings.
Accessories such as the sunroof, sunroof shade,
ashtray, two front windows, headrests, sunvisors
and cargo shades, etc. should be evaluated in
opened and closed positions to simulate customer
conditions. While performing this evaluation, the
radio shall be off, the HVAC on low fan speed and
the windows up unless specifically evaluating
these areas for noises.
5 Data
The following steps shall be done for each
complete vehicle evaluation:
Record vehicle data, test data and the
environmental conditions (temperature, humidity if
applicable) for each evaluation.
Identify the S&R noise, rate it and document it on
the evaluation form. The result of this step should
include the noise or sound and the specific location
where noise is generated.
5.1 Calculations. Not applicable.
5.2 Interpretation of Results. Not applicable.
Page 5 of 17
GMW8518 GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS

5.3 Test Documentation. A local worksheet Engineering Drawings, Tolerances, actual parts
looking similar to the one shown in Appendix E is and perhaps the manufacturing and/or assembly
used to record the subjective ratings, their source, process to determine why the noise is occurring.
and type of noise. The reasons why may include that the parts are in
not built to specification and that the design,
6 Safety manufacture and assembly processes are not
capable of producing S&R free parts.
This procedure may involve hazardous materials,
operations, and equipment. This method does not S&R Noise: Disturbing or annoying noises excited
propose to address all the safety problems by dynamic or static inputs, as well as noises
associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the which occur while operating vehicle components.
user of the method to establish appropriate safety This means all noises which are avoidable and
and health practices and determine the which customers do not expect.
applicability of regulatory limitations to use. Typical Force: The normal or average force
6.1 Environmental Road Simulation Evaluation. required to operate an adjustment, accessory or
The following safety precautions must be exercised feature of a component or sub-system.
for all test personnel exposed to temperature 7.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols.
extremes in environmentally conditioned test cells: RPM Revolutions per Minute
6.1.1 Proper clothing must be worn at all times, S&R Squeak and Rattle
particularly during cold evaluations.
WOT Wide Open Throttle
6.1.2 No one will be permitted to stay in extreme
heat (i.e., > 30°C) or cold (i.e., < -5°C) for more 8 Coding System
than ten minutes at a time. After ten minutes of
evaluation at temperature extremes, test personnel This test procedure shall be referenced in other
shall remain outside the chamber for a minimum of documents, drawings, VTS, CTS, etc. as follows:
15 minutes. Test to GMW8518.
6.1.3 At temperature extremes, the test personnel
may want to relay (via headset) any ratings or 9 Release and Revisions
comments for the observer to record. 9.1 Release. This standard originated in December
6.1.4 Solar. Do not look directly at lamps. Cover 2001. It was first approved by the Global Squeak
bare skin. Wear UV blocking sunglasses. and Rattle Team in November 2001. It was first
published in April 2002.
7 Notes 9.2 Revisions.
7.1 Glossary. Rev Approval Description (Organization)
Mode of Operation: The directional movement of Date
a component that is evaluated. For example: The
power exterior mirror has four modes of operation: A MAY 2005 Revised Table 1 and Section
up, down, inboard and outboard. B2 to add test roads for
GMNA (Global N&V S&R
Quasi-Static: Customer actuated component and Harmonization Team)
subsystem movement, operation and/or
adjustment when the vehicle itself is stationary. B MAR 2006 Revised Appendix B to
Root Source: Often confused with Root Cause, update GMNA test schedule,
Root Source pertains to identifying where the noise removed Isuzu test schedule,
source is (i.e., the exact location on each of the and updated Section 2.2
two parts that came incontact to produce the S&R). standard references for new
Root source clues include witness marks, wear, global document references
fastener loosening, broken or mis-installed integral (Global N&V S&R
fasteners and/or clips. Root Cause Analysis goes a Harmonization Team)
step further, often requiring one to look at the

© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

Page 6 of 17 September 2006

GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW8518

Appendix A
Table A1: General Types of Road Inputs
Type of Excitation Brazil GMNA Holden GME - Dudenhofen GME - Trollhättan
1 Torsion, quasi-static Twist Ditches Twist Course Twist Ditch Ramps Ramps
(Simulator) Course (13°, 16°)

2 Torsion, dynamic Double Sine Inputs Sine Input Twist Track Twist Track
Inclination Ramp Twist Ditches Twist Course,
Bump Track Twist Ditch
Course
3 “Public roads”, Straightway,City Smooth Ride and Ride Track, Right Lane Circular Track
smooth roads w Traffic,Circular sections of Handling
cornering Tracks track access Road, Circular
roads Track, Access
Hyne Road Roads
Circle Track
4 Low excitation, D2 & D1 - Not Available Ride and Rough Asphalt Rough Asphalt
random Asphalt Handling
Road, Skid
Pad Rough
Asphalt
Section,
Access Roads
5 Middle excitation, D1 Track 12 Mile Road Belgian Cobble Stones, Cobble Stones, “Paving
random Pontiac Trail Blocks “Rheinstraße” Stones”
7.2% Track
Return
6 High excitation, D2 Track Spalled Rough Track Belgian Blocks, Belgian Blocks
random Concrete, “Großblockwellenbahn”
Noise Road,
Belgian
Blocks
7 Middle excitation, Sine Sweep Rumble In Phase Sinuswaves in phase
periodic, in phase (Simulator) Strips Rumble Strips

8 Middle excitation, Sine Sweep Rumble Out of Phase Sinuswaves out of phase
periodic, in-phase or (Simulator) Strips North Rumble Strips
out-of-phase Chatters
South
Chatters
9 High Excitation Truck Loop
Periodic Vehicle
Dynamics
Chatter
Bumps
Washboard
Rope Road
Bump
TrackRough
Track
10 Cycle full steering City Traffic Track Normal Skid Pad City Skid pad Normal Driving
angle Driving Cycle Surfaces
Surfaces
11 Impact Bumps D2 - Bumps Oval Track
Potholes
Rail

© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

September 2006 Page 7 of 17

GMW8518 GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS

Type of Excitation Brazil GMNA Holden GME - Dudenhofen GME - Trollhättan

Crossings

12 Acceleration Straightway Normal Skid pad Normal Driving

Track Driving Surfaces
Surfaces
13 Braking Straightway Normal Skid pad Normal Driving
Track Driving Surfaces
Surfaces

© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

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GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS
Appendix B: Squeak & Rattle Dynamic
Testing Roads Vehicle Level
B1 Brazil - Dynamic Schedule
During the dynamic test, vehicle shall be driven
several times on the tracks until all S&R noises are
detected and noted down in the Evaluation Sheet.
Tracks, driving speeds and driving conditions shall
be selected as follows. Each subsystem and or
component shall be positioned to all of its
operating conditions and or cycled during the road
evaluation.
B1.1 Straightway Track, Circular Track and D1
track right lane. As initial evaluation, drive in
these tracks in different speeds, simulating the
various usage conditions. Note down the possible
noises and condition they are noticed (road speed
and area). A second evaluator shall occupy all
possible seating positions.
B1.2 D2 Durability track. Range speeds from
± 25 to 50 km/h in the region from the track
entrance up to the ”washboard”. Observe the same
speeds when driving on the “By-pass”. In the
remaining track follow the road speed indications.
A second evaluator shall occupy all possible
seating positions.
For the different noises, attempt to drive at the
most critical speed. Identify and write down the
noise origin, as well as, the conditions that are
noticed.
B1.3 Torsion Test. The body torsion stability shall
be tested using double inclination ramp with
windows and sunroof open and closed. Vehicle
shall enter and leave the double inclination ramp
driving forward and backward in low speed, as
detailed below (similar to the Durability and
Corrosion Test).
B1.4 Ramp Acceleration. In the 20% gradient
ramp, vehicle shall climb the ramp up, forward and
backward in different accelerations. Braking shall
occur in moderate speeds and at various
intensities. Repeat such maneuvers three times.
Should noise be noticed, repeat the maneuvers as
many times as required to identify the cause. If
possible, repeat the procedure in different gradient
ramps.
B1.5 Steering Test: “City Traffic” Track. Curves
shall be made in different speeds and steering
angles to stop as to checking noises. Should noise
occur, repeat several times at speed x steering
angle combination. Repeat it as many times as
required for identification of the noise root source.
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
September 2006
GMW8518
B1.6 Acceleration and Deceleration Test. Under
this acceleration and braking test on a Straightway
Track, repeat the same maneuvers detailed in
paragraph B5.4.
B1.7 Simulating the Engine Revolutions per
Minute (RPM) Effect: Straightway Track.
Stationary on the ramp, ready to engage clutch,
gradually accelerate engine and check as to
possible noises at every rpm increase. For
automatic transmission, hold the service brake
applied while accelerating. Should noise occur,
hold the engine speed and check as to noise
cause. Note the noises down in the Evaluation
Sheet.
B2 GMNA - Dynamic Schedule
B2.1 Dynamic Road Schedule. Accessories such
as the sunroof, sunroof shade, ashtray, sunvisor
etc. should be evaluated in opened and closed
positions to simulate customer conditions. While
performing this evaluation, the radio and the HVAC
shall be on low fan speed and the windows up
unless specifically evaluating these areas for
noises. A CD should be inserted into the CD
player, if vehicle is so equipped, but not played. If
the vehicle CD player holds multiple CD’s test
personnel may want to insert multiple CD’s or at
least evaluate the CD in various positions within
the player.
Rate each noise item using the subjective rating
scale and record the ratings on Data Sheet 2 as
included in Appendix E. Record the location of the
noise and where on the road system the noise was
heard. No S&Rs should occur while performing the
following procedures.
The evaluation roads listed below may be adjusted
to suit the customer demands or the availability of
the roads in your region. A list of different region
roads is included in Appendix B.
The road simulator can be used, in place of the
road tests to run the dynamic schedule, especially
in case of bad weather or road closing. It should
however, be recognized that the road simulator is
not capable of reproducing some of the road
surfaces such as rumble strips, rope road, etc.
Record all squeak and rattle noises heard when
driving on the following roads. The road segements
have been sequenced to minimize driving time.
Each road surface should be repeated enough
times to allow for a complete evaluation (and root
source analysis if required) of all S&R noises. On
the Belgian blocks only record noises rated 7 or
less on the subjective rating scale.
Page 9 of 17
GMW8518
a. Hyne Road westbound - 80 km/hr.
b. R&H Loop Truck Loop Chatter Bumps - 30 to
70 km/h
c. R&H Loop Washboard - 45 to 60 km/h (sporty
performance cars 30 to 40 km/h)
d. R&H Loop Spalled Concrete - slowly increase
speed from 10 km/h to 70 km/h.
e. R&H Loop Left Lane Chuckholes/Potholes (not
Bamber Road Chuckholes) - 100 km/hr
f. R&H Loop North Chatter Bumps, centered on
yellow line - 100 km/hr
g. R&H Loop South Chatter Bumps - at posted
speed
h. R&H Loop Chatter Bumps through curves
following dashed lines to maximize vehicle
input - at maximum safe speeds
i. Twist Ditches - 5 to 10 km/h
j. Bump Track - 5 to 10 km/h
k. Rope Road - 5 to 10 km/h
l. Fenn Holden Pontiac Trail - 65 km/h
m. Fenn Holden 12 Mile Road - 70 km/h
n. Oval Track 3rd lane from the Fenn Holden
Area to the exit just past the 1.2 mile marker -
80 km/h
o. 7.2% Track Return from Barnes Circle to the
North Circle (left lane) - 70 km/hr
p. Powder Valley Twist Ditches (Full Size Trucks
only) - posted speed
q. Belgian Blocks - slowly vary speed from
10 km/h to 55 km/h (at slow speeds listen for
S&R with and without turning the steering
wheel) be very careful of faster moving
durability vehicles. It is suggested that the
vehicle slow down for the severe bumps in the
right lane straight section following the downhill
smooth road section.
B2.2 Engine Testing. With the engine fully
warmed up, listen to the idle. Then vary the engine
rpm between idle and 3500 rpm with the
transmission in park, or neutral for vehicles with
manual transmissions. Listen for any powertrain
driven buzzes or rattles. Turn air conditioning and
heater on (low fan speed) and listen for
undesirable noises. For vehicles with an automatic
transmission, place the selector in drive and listen
for undesirable noises. Turn air conditioning and
heater on (low fan speed) and listen for
undesirable noises. Make ten garage shifts (shift
from reverse to drive and back). Listen for any
driveline clunks.
B2.3 Dupont Circle. At Dupont Circle, record the
current temperature.
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
Page 10 of 17
GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS
B3 Holden, Elizabeth Vehicle Assembly
Plant (VAP) ONLY - Dynamic Schedule
Rate each noise item using the subjective rating
scale and record on the S&R Audit sheet. Record
the location of the noise and where on the road
system the noise was heard. Each subsystem and
or component shall be positioned to its full
operating conditions and / or cycled during the
road evaluation. No unusual noises should occur
while performing the following:
B3.1 Rattle and Squeak Track. Enter VAP R&S
track and complete three circuits including the
rumble strip/spalled concrete. Stop at the end of
each circuit to record the location of any unusual
noises heard and the marker location on the track
at which the noise was heard. Complete more than
three laps as required to ensure that all noises
have been listed. Ensure that both front and rear
passenger seats are occupied at some time. Vary
the speed of each lap between the maximum
allowable, two-thirds, and one-third of this speed.
B3.2 Forward Wide Open Throttle (WOT)
Acceleration. On the high-speed track, make a
forward WOT acceleration to 60 km/h. Listen for
clunks. Then make a WOT to 80 km/h.
B3.3 Garage Shifts. At a safe and flat location,
make five garage shifts (shifts from reverse to drive
and back). Listen for any driveline clunks.
B3.4 Hard Deceleration. Make a hard stop from
10 km/h. Listen for any unusual noises.
B3.5 Public Road Test. Follow the following route
for the public road test. Alternate drivers and
seating position as deemed necessary to hear all
noises. Leave the VAP out of the west gate and
head North up Kettering Road. Turn left up
Goodman Rd taking note of the 25 km/h areas. At
the end turn left and follow this road around. Turn
left at the Winterslow Rd round-about and go over
the bridge. At the next round-about, turn right along
Peachey Rd. At the Womma Rd round-about turn
left. Continue up to Andrews Rd and turn left.
Repeat this section of road if deemed necessary.
At the end of Andrews Rd do a U-turn and come
back. Cross over Womma Rd and then turn left
into Petherton Rd. Continue up to Heaslip Rd but
make a U-turn just before and return back down
Petherton Rd. Turn right in Andrews Rd and Left in
Womma Rd. Continue straight ahead to Main
North Rd and turn right. Approximately 5 km down
Main North Rd turn left into Black Top Road. Do a
U-turn at the electrical substation, which is past the
top of the hill. Drive back to the VAP by turning
right into Main North Rd and left into Hogarth Rd.
Enter VAP via the west gate.
September 2006
GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS
B4 Holden, Lang Lang Proving Ground
ONLY - Dynamic Schedule
Rate each noise item using the subjective rating
scale and record on the S&R Audit sheet. Record
the location of the noise and where on the road
system the noise was heard. Each subsystem and
or component shall be position to its full operating
conditions and or cycled during the road
evaluation. No unusual noises should occur while
performing the following:
B4.1 Access Road and Ride and Handling
Road. Drive from the workshop along the access
road at 40 km/h to the start of the Ride and
Handling road. Enter the Ride and Handling road
and continue at 50 km/h around the inner sealed
surface. When one lap has been completed
perform another lap using the inner sealed surface,
at 80 km/h. Repeat this section as required at the
appropriate speed.
Drive one lap of the Ride and Handling Circuit
using the outer sealed loop. Choose your own
speed but record the speed over the rough road
section in the road surface box of the data sheet.
B4.2 Twist Course and Rumble Strip Course.
Enter the dirt access roads to the twist course and
proceed at 10 km/h. Pass through the diagonal
washways and twist course. When through the
twist course, proceed to the start of the rumble
strip course, stopping at the start of the of the in-
phase section, accelerate slowly to 40 km/h and
stop at the start of the out-of-phase section.
Again accelerate slowly to 40 km/h to the end of
the course. Perform another pass of the rumble
strip, this time accelerating to 30 km/h and staying
at this speed for both the in-phase and the out-of-
phase sections. Repeat this section as required.
B4.3 Skid Pad. Exit the twist course and proceed
along the skid pad access road at 60 km/h up to
the entrance of the skid pad. After entering the skid
pad perform four garage shifts, for manual vehicles
move vehicle forward and reverse four times noting
any driveline clunks.
B4.4 WOT and Hard Deceleration. While still on
the skid pad, perform a wide open throttle
acceleration up to 80 km/h, brake moderately
coming to a stop. Then, perform a wide open
throttle in reverse up to 15 km/h and moderately
brake to a stop. Move forward at ≈ 5 km/h and
perform a hard brake stop (0.7 g), listing for any
unusual noises. With the vehicle stationary and the
engine running, vary the engine speed between
idle and 4000 rpm, listening for any noises, which
may be excited by the engine.
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
September 2006
GMW8518
B4.5 Circular Track. Proceed from the skid pad to
the circular track via the heat soak. Complete one
full lap of the circular track at 120 km/h. Listen for
any wind noise or other noises related to this type
of driving. Exit the circular track at the main
entrance.
B4.6 Belgium Blocks. Proceed from the circular
track along the access road to the start of the
rough track. Drive to the start of the Belgium blocks
via the dirt access road. Proceed down the
Belgium blocks at 5 to 15 km/h listing for any
unusual noises, which may be generated by this
road surface.
B5 GME, Dudenhofen Test Center -
Dynamic Schedule
Different test tracks shall be used for the dynamic
test to simulate various customer usages.
The test tracks described in paragraph 3.2.1, 3.2.2
and 3.2.3 may be imitated alternatively by a
simulator to fulfill special test conditions during root
source. This test takes the complete vehicle or
components.
B5.1 Standard Customer Track. This track shall
provide an overall impression of the noise behavior
of the vehicle. Therefore, this test track shall have
a length of approximately 20 km and shall include
a summary of different customer typical pavements
including curves and uphill and downhill gradients
(e.g. the comfort track together with the durability
track at the Dudenhofen Test Center or an
equivalent proving ground).
B5.2 Rough Road. For the detailed noise analysis,
a test track shall be used with a length of 500 m
minimum and an uneven pavement (cobble stones
or similar), for example, Belgian Blocks of
Rhinestreet at Dudenhofen Test Center and
Spalled Concrete (broadband input) with a length
of 300 m min. (e.g., NAO Common Squeak and
Rattle Track).
B5.3 Squeak and Rattle Noise Track. With a
length of 300 m min. (e.g. NAO Common Squeak
and Rattle Track).
B5.4 Rumble Strips, Out of Phase and In Phase.
Each with a length of 300 m min. (e.g. NAO
Common Squeak and Rattle Track).
B5.5 Body Torsion Test. A ramp or twist ditches
are necessary for testing noises as a result of body
torsion, similar to US-ramp at Dudenhofen Test
Center, Twist ditches - three each direction
minimum (NAO Common Squeak and Rattle
Track) or an equivalent proving ground.
B5.6 Distinct Cornering. An area or track is
necessary, where constant cornering is possible up
Page 11 of 17
GMW8518
to the limit of steering angle in both directions with
different speeds. The dimensions of the track shall
allow keeping the combination of steering angle
and speed for some time to evaluate steering
system noises.
B5.7 Deceleration and Acceleration Test. A
track shall be used which allows acceleration and
braking with different intensity several times.
B5.8 Simulating the Effect of Engine RPM. A
high speed track or a straight ahead track is
necessary for simulating the rotational speed. The
track shall enable the vehicle to vary the rotational
speed while keeping the first gear. Target is to
name the place and root source of a speed-
dependent S&R noise.
B6 GME, Trollhättan Compact Test
Track - Dynamic Schedule
For the dynamic test, the following test runs have
to be performed often enough to make sure that
every possible disturbing noise has been detected.
Therefore test tracks, driving speeds and driving
maneuvers have to be selected as defined in the
Garage
Speed bump
Twist ditches
South
comforttrack
Ramp Cobble stones
Figure B1: GME, Trollhättan Compact Test Track Schematic
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
Page 12 of 17
GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS
following paragraphs. The Trollhättan Compact
Test Track is the main dynamic evaluation test
track in Trollhättan and will be the base for the test
runs in the following paragraphs. Reference Figure
B1 for the GME, Trollhättan Compact Test Track
Schematic. Note: You must know the driving
regulations at the test track and you must always
have permission to use it, reference policy and
procedures DP-0203.
B6.1 Circular Track. First the circular track has to
be driven to get a general impression of noises
emitted on even roads. Driving speed should vary
and be adjusted according to the road layout, to
simulate average customer driving.
B6.2 Rough Asphalt. Make an acceleration (slow)
from 40 km/h to 80 km/h, this is to find the most
critical speeds. Then make at least three passes at
40, 60 and 80 km/h, for example, or other critical
speeds that were identified.
B6.3 Speed Bump. Make at least three passes
over the speed bump between 20 and 30 km/h.
Listen for front and rear suspension noises, etc.
Paving stones
North
comforttrack Belgian blocks
Rumble strips, out of phase
September 2006
GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS
B6.4 Twist Ditch. Make two passes through the
twist ditch course between 5 and 15 km/h. Listen
for body creaks, seal itch, decklid noises, etc.
B6.5 Cobble Stone. Make an acceleration sweep
(as slow as possible) from 5 km/h to 30 km/h and
from 30 km/h to 50 km/h in both directions (The
excitation is a little different if you compare both
directions.) and note the direction in the evaluation
sheet. This is to find the most critical speeds. Then
make at least two passes in each direction at
10 km/h, 20 km/h, 30 km/h and 40 km/h, for
example, or at other critical speeds that were
identified.
B6.6 Uphill and Downhill Run on the Ramp. On
the gradient the vehicle must be started several
times forward and backward, as well as, with
different acceleration rates to check for powertrain
driven buzzes and rattles, etc. Braking has to be
done from moderate speed with different intensity
to check for brake noise, etc. These maneuvers
should be performed at least three times.
B6.7 Hard Deceleration. Make two quick stops
from 15 km/h beside the twist ditch course. Listen
for clunks.
B6.8 Forward and Backward WOT Acceleration.
Make two forward and two backward WOT
accelerations after the above deceleration. Listen
for clunks.
B6.9 Forward and Backward Light to Medium
Acceleration. Make some (at least two in each
direction) forward and backward light to medium
acceleration beside the twist ditch course. Listen
for any powertrain driven buzzes or rattles.
B6.10 TIP IN and TIP OUT, Low Speed and Low
Gear, Forward and Backward. Make some tip ins
and tip outs (quick change between acceleration
and deceleration with big pedal movement), low
speed and low gear, forwards and backwards. This
test gives big powertrain movement. Listen for
noise from powertrain, exhaust system, etc.
B6.11 Brake Noise Test and Fuel Slop, Slosh
Noise Test. Make decelerations, from very light
deceleration to quick stop with the speed of 5 to
20 km/h both forward and backward. Make at least
four decelerations in each direction. Listen for
brake squeal, clunks, evaluate the fuel slop, slosh
noise level. This test could also be done beside the
twist ditch course.
Note: Brake squeal is very much affected by
temperature (disc temperature), humidity and
brake force. These parameters change a lot during
the evaluation so try to focus on brake squeal even
during the rest of the evaluation.
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
September 2006
GMW8518
B6.12 Cornering Test at the Garage. To
determine the noise influence of cornering, curves
have to be driven both forward and backward with
driving speeds between 0 km/h and 15 km/h and
steering angle up to and including lock to lock.
When evaluating cars with automatic gearbox the
gear shift shall be in drive or reverse position even
at 0 km/h. Listen for noise from front suspension,
steering column, steering gear, noises created by
movement in the cowl plate area, etc.
B6.13 Garage Shifts at the Garage (only for
automatic gearbox). At the garage make five
garage shifts (shift from reverse to drive and back).
Listen for any driveline clunks.
B6.14 Engine RPM Sweep (Inside and Outside
of Car). With the engine fully warmed up, listen to
the idle. Cars with automatic gearbox shall also be
tested in drive position and reverse position at idle.
Then make an engine rpm sweep from idle to 5000
rpm (diesel 4000 rpm) with the transmission in
neutral. Listen for any powertrain driven buzzes or
rattles. This test shall also be done with evaluators
outside the car especially at the front and rear part
of the car.
B6.15 Low RPM Sweep (WOT) on the “Circular
Track” (Manual Gearbox Only.) Make a low rpm
sweep at WOT from 1000 rpm to 2000 rpm in
fourth gear. Listen for any powertrain driven
buzzes and rattles.
B6.16 Cornering Test on the “Circular Track”.
To determine the noise influence of cornering,
curves have to be driven with driving speeds
between 40 and 120 km/h and steering angles up
to “evasive maneuver”. When you drive at 40 to
50 km/h you can use steering angle up to “evasive
maneuver” and when you drive at 120 km/h you
shall drive through the velodrome (south part of the
circular track) and use the innerlane. To create
bigger movement from the powertrain in this
cornering maneuver, make some accelerations
and decelerations in addition to the cornering
maneuver. Listen for noise from front suspension,
powertrain, exhaust system, etc.
B6.17 Paving Stone. Make at least three passes
at 20 km/h, 30 km/h and 40 km/h.
B6.18 Belgian Blocks. Make at least three passes
at 10 km/h, 20 km/h and 30 km/h. Don’t take too
much notice of, for example, clicking noise with low
noise level from the interior. If the noise is rated as
being lower than the requirement, it shall be
documented.
B6.19 Rumble Strips, Out of Phase. Make at
least two passes from 10 to 15 km/h. Listen for
clunks and rattles from chassis, powertrain and
Page 13 of 17
GMW8518
exhaust system. This track shall not be used for
common evaluation of the interior (except for
heavy rattle from unloaded passenger front seat,
etc.).
B7 GME, Arctic Falls (Cold Climate
Evaluation) - Dynamic Schedule
At this proving ground and outside the proving
ground tracks/roads are very much depending on
weather conditions (snow, temperature, etc.) and
how they have been prepared. Provided that there
is enough snow, the courses inside the proving
ground can be moderately changed with the aid of
the proving ground staff. You must always try to
notice if you think that the noise has appeared
because of the cold or because of the change in
excitation (compare to Trollhättan Compact Test
© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved
Page 14 of 17
GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS
Track). Try to follow a similar schedule as at the
Trollhättan Compact Test Track.
B7.1 “Comfort Course” (Inside the Proving
Ground). This track is often very bumpy, with high
amplitudes (body torsion) and low frequencies.
B7.2 “Secrecy Road” (Just Outside the Proving
Ground). This track often excites a wide range of
frequencies.
B7.3 Public Roads (for Example, the Road
Passing the Airport in Vidsel). These roads often
give the typical “washboard”, sine wave at quite
high frequencies. There are also small holes and
damage that gives transient inputs.
B7.4 Cobble Stone. Same as at the Trollhättan
Compact Test Track.
B7.5 Twist Ditch, Twist Track. Same as at the
Trollhättan Compact Test Track.
September 2006
GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW8518

Appendix C

Figure C1: Quasi-Static Schedule Checklist

© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

September 2006 Page 15 of 17

GMW8518 GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS

Appendix D

Figure D1: Environmental Testing Temperature Flow Chart Vehicle Level - Quasi-Static

© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

Page 16 of 17 September 2006

GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW8518

Appendix E
Data Sheet E1: Sample Evaluation Form

VEH. ID: ODO DATE MODEL

ENGINE TRANSMISSION SUSPENSION No OF
PEOPLE
TIRE WEATHER VEH USAGE AUDITORS
PRESSURE

Noise No Road Speed Rating Description Of Root Cause

Noise
1

COMPLETED___________________________ DATE_______________
CHECKED___________________________ DATE_________

© Copyright 2006 General Motors Corporation All Rights Reserved

September 2006 Page 17 of 17