Circular Motion
01. Circular Motion
1.0 Introduction :
Motion of the object: Change in position of the
object with 'respect to its surrounding. e.g.
i) Motion of the train on the rail.
ii) Motion of the blades of fan.
iii) Motion of the bicycle.
Linear motion: Motion of the particle along a
straight line.
Linear displacement: The shortest distance
between two positions of the particle is called
displacement. It is a vector quantity. Its direction
is from one position to another positior ..
Distance: The actual path or trajectory followed
by the particle during its motion is called distance
or path length. It is measured in metre. For a
straight line and non repeated motion distance and
displacement coincide. There are different types
of motion, such as circular motion, rotational
motion and oscillatory motion etc.
Circular motion: The motion of the particle along
the circumference of the circle is called circular
motion. e.g.
i) Motion of the electron around the nucleus.
ii) Motion of the blades of fan.
iii) Motion of the tips of the hands In a clock.
iv) Motion of the planets around the Sun.
Types of circular motion : The circular motion
performed by the body is classified into two types
depending upon the magnitude of velocity or
speed.
1. Uniform circular motion: The motion of
the particle along the circumference of the
circle with uniform speed or constant angular
velocity. It is a periodic motion.
Periodic motion: The motion that repeats
its path after equal intervals of time. The
periodic motion mayor may not have
constant speed.
Ex.: i) Uniform circular motion,
ii) Oscillatory motion.
2. Non uniform circular motion: The motion of
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1
the particle with varying speed or
continuously changing speed is called non
uniform circular motion.
Ex.: i) The vertical circular motion of the
object or particle,
ii) Motion of the car along the curved road.
Characteristics or properties of circular motion:
1. The direction of force, acceleration, velocity and
displacement of a particle performing circular
motion changes instantaneously.
2. The magnitude of centripetal force, velocity,
acceleration and displacement (position vector)
performing uniform circular motion remains
constant.
3. The work done by the particle performing UCM
is zero. Since the force and displacement are
perpendicular to each other
 
Ex.: f · s = f s cos 90 = f s × 0 = 0
4. For half circular motion or part of the circular
motion the work done is also zero.
5. The kinetic energy of a particle performing circular
motion remains constant.
6. Total energy of a particle in uniform circular
motion is only kinetic energy.
7. Circular motion is two dimensional motion, since
it is the motion in a plane.
8. When a body is in uniform circular motion in a
horizontal plane, its speed, angular velocity, period
of rotation, kinetic energy and angular momentum
are constant.
9. When a body is in uniform circular motion, in a
horizontal plane, its linear velocity, linear
momentum, centripetal acceleration, centripetal
force are variable.
10. When a body is in uniform circular motion,
tangential acceleration and tangential force work
done by centripetal force are zero.
11. When a body is in non uniform circular motion in
horizontal plane, its potential energy is constant.
Its speed, linear velocity, angular velocity, angular
momentum, linear momentum, kinetic energy,
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 Circular Motion
centripetal acceleration, tangential acceleration
are variable.
12. For UCM ro remains constant whereas for non
UCM  varies with respect to time.
Radius vector:
1. A vector drawn from centre of a circle to any
position of the particle on a circumference is called
radius vector ( r ) or it is the radial vector of
constant magnitude but the direction varies with
the passing of time.
2. It is directed away from the centre of the circle.
3. It describes the position of the particle.
4. It is the displacement vector. It is measured in
meter. It's dimensions are [L1M0T0].
2
8. Direction of angular displacement is perpendicular
to the plane directed upwards, if the particle
describes the motion in anticlockwise direction.
9. It is perpendicular to the plane directed
downwards, if the particle describes the motion

in clockwise direction. i.e.  s    r
10. The instantaneous angular displacement and
radius vectors are mutually perpendicular to each
other.
11. For one complete rotation the total angular
displacement of the particle is 2  radian or 360°.
 180o is equal to  radian
12. In half revolution, the difference between linear
distance and displacement of the particle is,

1.1 Angular displacement

Angle traced by the radius vector at the centre

of a circle with respect to time is called angular
displacement.
1. It is measured in radian. One radian is the angle
subtended at the centre of the circle by an arc of (  r – 2r) = r(  – 2)
length equal to radius of the circle = (3.142 – 2) r
s = 1.142 × r
i.e. d  1
13. Displacement: The change of position vector
r

or the displacement  r of the particle from

(  radian = 180o therefore, 1° = rad) position A to the position B is given (by referring
180
the figure).
Arc length
2. Angular displacement =
Radius vector
 s s
  = or simply  
r r
3. It is the ratio of two
similar quantities.
4. It is dimensionless
quantity. Its unit is radian.
5. Finite value of angular
displacement is not a
true vector. It is a scalar
quantity.      
 r = r2  r1 , the magnitude of |  r | = | r2  r1 |
6. Infinitely small value of
angular displacement is r1 = r2 = r, we have,
a vector quantity. Its direction is along the axis of The change in magnitude of radius vector can be
rotation. obtained by using cosin rule as,
7. The direction of angular displacement vector and r 2  r 2  2r r cos 
r =
sense of rotation is given by right handed screw
rule or right hand rule. = 2r 2  2r 2 cos 

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 Circular Motion 3

= 2r 2 (1  cos ) = v 2(1  cos )

  
= v 2  2sin
2
= 2r 2  2sin 2  2
 2

 = 2v sin ....(i)
= 2 r sin 2
2
9. The change in velocity vector is directed along
1.2 Angular velocity the radius towards the centre of circle. But
1. The rate of change of angular displacement with change in angular velocity vector is null vector or
respect to time is called angular velocity. zero vector.
2. For infinitesimal time interval, average angular    
d  2  1  0
If the resultant of v 1 and – v 2 is v = v 1 +
velocity and instantaneous angular velocity exactly
10.
coincide.
 (– v 2)
  11. Angular speed is measured by tachometer.
   lim t  0 dt
12. The change in momentum, centripetal
3. For uniform circular motion the angular velocity acceleration, radius vector centripetal force can
is constant throughout the motion (magnitude as be calculated by using equation (i).
well as direction). 13. The velocity of a particle under going circular
4. The angular velocity is perpendicular to the plane, motion is never uniform, because its direction
directed continuously varies.
i) upwards  for anticlockwise direction. 14. The speed of the particle may be uniform or
ii) downwards  for clockwise direction. variable in circular motion.
5. The angular speed of a particle performing 1.3 Relation between linear velocity and angular
uniform circular motion is constant. velocity
d 2  Consider a particle is moving along the
   2n
dt T circumference of the circle in anticlockwise
6.  is called angular frequency. The SI unit of direction with radius 'r' and centre 'O'. The particle
angular speed is radian per second. covers a small angular displacement  in a small
7. The dimensions are [M0L0T–1] time interval ' t '
8. If a particle is moving with uniform speed 'v' on a
circle of radius 'r' suffers angular displacement
 in time t , the change in its velocity is,

s r
 s  r  
dt dt
    
v = v 2  v1  v 2  (  v1 ) v=r 
  
The magnitude of change in velocity is, v   r
 
1. The direction of v, and r are mutually
v = v 2  v 2  2v 2 cos(180  )
perpendicular to each other.
v = v 2  2cos 

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 Circular Motion 4
2. For uniform circular motion, linear speed is 4. For uniform circular motion, angular acceleration
constant. But linear velocity change's instant to    
is zero i.e.  = 0 since 1  2 . Therefore,
instant due to direction.
tangential component of acceleration is also zero.
3. Angular velocity of a particle performing uniform Thus, only linear or centripetal acceleration acts
circular motion is constant. on the particles.
4. If we plot a graph of linear velocity and radius 5. When the angular acceleration of a body is not
vector, the graph is a straight line passing through uniform then we use instantaneous angular
origin shown in figure (a). acceleration.
5. If we plot a graph of angular velocity and radius 6. Angular acceleration is produced in a body when
vector, the graph is a straight line parallel to radius work is done by a torque applied on it.
vector shown in figure (b).
7. For infinitesimal values of angular acceleration,
it is vector quantity.
8. It is measure in radian/s/ and its dimensions are
[L0M0T –2].
1.5 Relation between Linear acceleration and
angular acceleration
1.4 Angular acceleration
We know the relation between linear velocity and
1. The rate of change of angular velocity with respect angular velocity is,
to time is called angular acceleration (  )   
v   r
d d 2 Differentiate w.r. to 't'
i.e.  = = 2
dt dt   
dv d   dr
2. Linear acceleration, a = r  . = × r  
dt dt dt
    
a =   r   v

dr
Here is rate of change of radius vector r
dt
time dt with respect to its position. It is called as
the linear velocity of particle.

  
In vector form, a = a  r
  
a ,  and r are perpendicular to each other..
3. The direction of angular acceleration of a particle
performing nonuniform circular motion is in ....

the direction of d . It is perpendicular to the
plane, directed upwards or downwards depending
upon the magnitude of initial and final angular 
dr
velocity.
 = v
  dt
 2  1
i.e.  = Hence the resultant acceleration or linear
t
acceleration consists of two parts,

i) If  is increasing then direction of  is   
 1. a T    r tangential component of linear
same as the direction of  .
 acceleration. Its direction is tangent to the curve
ii) If  is decreasing then direction of a is path and varies continuously.

opposite to that of  .   
2. a r   v radial acceleration or centripetal

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 Circular Motion 5
acceleration. Its direction is along the radius 15. A particle moving along circular path mayor may
towards the centre and varies continuously. not have tangential acceleration but it should have
  normal acceleration.
3.  and r are perpendicular to each other and tV
and v are perpendicular to each other.. Period and frequency of UCM :
4. For non uniform circular motion at any instant,
2 1
the magnitude of resultant acceleration is, 1. Time period T = and frequency n = =
 T
aR = a T2  a 2r

5. For a particle performing nonuniform circular .
2
motion two components of acceleration act on it,
2. If '  ' is the angular displacement, number of
which are right angles to each other.
6. The direction of resultant acceleration is given 
rotation completed, N = .
by, 2
aT ar 3. Angular velocity of self rotation of the earth =
tan  = a or tan  = a
r T 2
rad/s
7. In non UCM, the tangential acceleration is due 24  60  60
to the change in magnitude of linear velocity ( v ). 4. The relative angular speed of minute hand and
8. In non UCM, radial acceleration is due to change hour hand is,
in direction of linear velocity ( v ).  R  m   h
9. The magnitude of radial acceleration and angular The corresponding relative period is given by
acceleration is,
2 2 2
v2
r4 2
TR = Tm – Th
ar = = r 2 = r 4  2 n2 =
r T2
Angular acceleration is, Tm Th
 TR = T  T
h m
2  1 2(n 2  n1 )
 =  Note: Same type of formulae's are obtained for
t t
second hand, minute hand and hour hands.
10. Form equation (i),
     The comparison of period and angular
a =   r   v ..... (i) velocity of second hand, minute hand and
    
If  = 0  a   v  a r hour hand.
then the motion of the particle is UCM.
     Type of Angular Angular
Sr. Period in
If a r = 0  a    r  aT No.
hand in a
second
velocity velocity
clock rad/s rad/min
then the motion of the particle is straight line.

  i) Second 60  2 
If a r  a T 30
then the motion of the particle is non UCM. hand 0.10466 6.28

11. Normal acceleration or centripetal acceleration  

ii) Minute 3600  
changes the direction of linear velocity only but 1800 30
not its magnitude. hand 1.744  10 3 0.10466
12. Without centripetal acceleration a particle can not  
iii) Hour 12  3600   
move along a circle. 21600 360
hand 43200 1.45  10 4 8.72  103
13. A particle in non uniform circular motion will have
variable speed and variable velocity.
Acceleration in UCM (by Calculus method) :
14. In uniform circular motion, tangential acceleration
is zero (i.e. aT = 0) 1. The radius vector of a particle in UCM in vector

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 Circular Motion 6
form is,
1
 = r cos   But = n, n is the frequency of revolution
r t i  r sin t j T
2. The velocity of the particle in UCM in vector  F = 4  2 m r n2 ..... (iv)
form is, Equation (i) to (iv) are the different forms of
   centripetal force.
v   r sin t i  r cos t j
3. The acceleration of the particle in UCM in vector 1 1 mv 2 1
5. Kinetic energy = m v2 = r= f×r
form is, 2 2 r 2
   6. Linear momentum
a   r2 cos t i  r2 sin t j
  mv 2 r mv 2 r fr
a  2 r = mv =   
v r r v v
1.6 Centripetal force
mr 2 2 f r
1. The force which deviates a particle from its linear 7. Angular momentum = I w = =
 
path to make it move along a circular path and is
directed radially inwards is called centripetal 8. It is the centre seeking force.
force. 9. If the centripetal force acting on a body moving
in a circle vanishes suddenly, it flies off along the
tangent at that point.
10. If the stone tied at the end of a string is whirled
and the string breaks, then the stone flies off
tangentially.
11. Astone tied at the end of a string of length 'l'
having breaking tension 'F' then the safe
maximum angular velocity which prevents the
breaking off of the string is,
2. The centripetal acceleration is caused by a force F
called centripetal force. 
ml
3. The direction of centripetal force is same as that
of centripetal acceleration i.e. towards the centre 12. The particle moves in a circular path due to
of the circle. centripetal force.
4. Centripetal force is given by, Characteristics of Centripetal force:

v2 1. It is real force.
F=ma or F=m ....(i) 2. It is produced in an inertial frame of reference.
r
3. It is provided with the gravitational or any real
If  be the angular velocity of the particle, then
force.
v=r 
Hence equation (i) becomes, Examples of Centripetal force:
1. When a stone is tied to a string and revolved in
(r) 2
F=m = m r 2 ..... (ii) the horizontal circle with the other end of the string
r in hand. The necessary centripetal force required
2 to keep the stone moving in a circle is provided
Now  = , where T is the time period of the by the tension in the string.
T
2. The gravitational force of attraction between the
particle
sun and the earth provides the necessary
 2 
2
42 mr centripetal force to move the earth around the
F = mr    ..... (iii) sun.
 T  T2
3. The electrostatic force of attraction between the

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 Circular Motion 7
nucleus and an electron provides the necessary 5. To separate cells from urine.
centripetal force to move the electron around the 6. It is used in centrifugal governor to control the
nucleus in circular orbit. speed of steam engine by regulating the supply
of the steam to the engine.
1.7 A centrifugal force
7. In ultra centrifugal, it is used to separate U235
The radially outward force experienced by from U238.
an object performing uniform circular motion Important Information:
is called centrifugal force. 1. It is not a reaction force of centripetal force,
Consider a body of mass m is moving along the because the action and reaction act on two
circumference of the circle of radius r and centre different bodies, whereas the centripetal and
O. The centrifugal force on the particle is, centrifugal forces act on the same body.
2. Centrifugal force is fictitious or pseudo or
The magnitude imaginary force which comes into play only in a
of centnfugal
force on a
particle

Centrifugal
 
Mass of
= acceleration × particle  rotating frame.
3. An important consequence of centrifugal force
is that the earth is an oblate spheroid. It is slightly
v2 bulged at the equator and flat at the poles.
F = ×m 4. When an electron moves round the nucleus,
r
electron experiences centripetal force and the
mv 2 nucleus experiences centrifugal reaction.
F = = mr2
r 5. When a planet moves round the sun, the planet
In vector form as, experiences centripetal force and the sun
experiences centrifugal reaction.
mv 2  mv 2  6. Centripetal force and centrifugal reaction are real
F= r0  2 r
r r forces.
 7. It's origin can not be explained on the basis of
Where r0 is unit vector in the direction of radius
physical interaction.
vector. 8. It does not really exist.
Examples of Centrifugal force: 9. Centrifugal force arises due to acceleration of
1. A body of mass (m) tied to string is whirling in a the frame of reference. It is not provided with
horizontal circle. The hand applies a tension T any real interaction force.
which is centripetal force while the mass applies 10. While crossing a speed breaker, at the highest
a force on the hand, which is called the centrifugal point the centrifugal force balances the weight
of the vehicle and rider, if the speed of the vehicle
force.
is equal to the critical speed or less, the centrifugal
2. Passenger leans outwards on a curved road due
force can not balance the weight. Hence the
to centrifugal force. vehicle can not cross the speed breaker.
Applications : 1.8 Speed of the car along curve road
1. One of the common applications of centrifugal
a) Along horizontal curve road : Consider a car
force is the separation of heavy and light liquids
of mass m moving with a constant speed v on a
such as milk and cream in a cream separator. flat horizontal circular road of radius r.
The cream being lighter than the milk needs less
centrifugal force. Hence cream collects at the
centre and the milk at the rim when the cream
separator is running at high angular velocity.
2. It is used in purifying water by sedimentation.
3. It is used in washing machine to dry wet cloths.
4. It is used in blood test to separate corpuscles from
plasma.

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 Circular Motion 8
The various forces acting on the car are : edge of the road is raised above the inner edge.
1. The weight of the car acting vertically downward 4. The banking angle  is achieved by raising the
i.e. W = mg ..... (i) outer level of the road above the inner level of to
2. The normal reaction (N) on the car, which is equal the road as shown in figure.
and opposite to the weight of the car i.e. N= mg. The various forces acting on the car are :
Since the car is moving in a circular path so that i) The weight of the car which acts vertically
mv 2 downward i.e. W = mg
it require centripetal force FC = . ii) The normal reaction N of the road acts
r
perpendicular to the road.
The centripetal force must be provided by the
frictional force F between the tyres of the car 5. Now resolve the normal reaction N of the road
and the ground. in two components:
Force of friction, N cos  which is equal and opposite to mg
F = µ N = µ mg ..... (ii) N cos  = mg
3. The car remains moving on the road, 6. N sin  which acts towards the centre of the
circular path and provides the necessary
mv 2
if = µ mg or v = µgr ... (iii) centripetal force.
r
The car can negotiate the flat circular path with mv 2
N sin  =
a maximum speed given by equation (iii). r
4. If the speed of the car becomes more than the Taking the ratio of above two equations, we have
speed given by equation (iii), then the centripetal
force needed by the car will not be provided by v2 1
tan  = or v = (rg tan  ) 2
the force of friction and hence the car will skid rg
or go off the road. 7. The safety speed of the car on a banked curved
5. Speed of the vehicle on the curved road depends road is independent of mass of vehicle.
upon i) Coefficient of force of friction, ii) Radius 8. It depends upon i) radius of curvature, ii)
of curvature of the road and iii) Acceleration due acceleration due to gravity and iii) angle of
to gravity. banking.
6. It is independent of mass of the vehicle. 9. If a vehicle negotiates a curve on an unbanked
b) Car on a banked curve circular road: road, safe maximum speed to avoid skidding is,
1. A vehicle can not remain on the flat circular road
v= µgr .
if its speed exceeds the speed given by v = µgr .
10. When a vehicle is moving in a plane horizontal
curve, toppling or overturning takes place if the
normal reaction on the inner wheel becomes zero.
Before toppling the inner wheels lose the contact
with the ground.
11. Safe maximum speed to avoid toppling or
gar
overturning is v = wehre h is height of
h
centre of gravity 2a is the distance between the
wheels or wheel base.
12. If a vehicle is moving on an unbanked road of
2. In horizontal curve road, the force of friction is
radius 'r', to prevent the over turning, v  a ie
insufficient to provide the necessary centripetal
force. wheel base should be more.
3. To avoid skidding, the road is banked i.e. the outer

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 Circular Motion 9

1 1.9 Conical pendulum

v
h A conical pendulum is a heavy metallic sphere
i.e. height of centre of gravity from the ground suspended by light weight, slightly extensible string
should be smaller. from a rigid support and whirled round in a
horizontal circle with a constant speed.
v r
i.e. radius of curvature of the path should be more.
13. Overturning : The tendency of overturning of
a vehicle at a circular path is directly proportional
to square of velocity of the vehicle i.e. overturning
of vehicle at curved road  v2.
When vehicle overturns in a circular path then
inner wheels leaves the road first due to in
sufficient centripetal force.
c) Motion of Cyclist on a Curved Road:
1. A cyclist negotiating a curve with certain speed
has to lean through certain angle to the vertical
to obtain the necessary centripetal force.
2. Leaning angle '  ' of the cyclit to the vertical.
while negotiating a curve of radius 'r' with speed 1. Conical pendulum performs horizontal circular
'v' is given by tan  = v2 /rg. motion.
Safe velocity of the cyclist is given by v < 2. Centripetal force = Horizontal component of
rg tan  tension in the string.

3. When the cyclist bends at a curve or when a mv 2

= T sin 
vehicle moves on a banked road; horizontal r
component normal reaction provides required 3. Vertical component of tension = Weight of the
centripetal force and vertical component balances bob
the weight.
T cos  = mg
4. The angle  that the string makes with the
vertical increases with the increase in speed (v)

v2
i.e. tan  =
rg
5. As  increases, radius of circular orbit also
increases and the height of the bob is given by
r
Here N sin  = mv /r and
2 i.e. tan  =
h
Ncos  = mg 6. Period of the pendulum is given by,
 tan  = v2/rg
l cos  h l 2  r2
4. Here the resultant of normal reaction and weight T = 2 = 2 = 2
g g g
is equal to the centripetal force.
5. In this case  is independent of mass of the cyclist Period of the pendulum depends upon,
or cycle. i) length,
ii) angle of inclination and

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 Circular Motion 10
iii) height (h).
1
7. Angular speed of the pendulum is, K.E. of stone of mass m at L = mvl2
2
g g and P. E. of the stone at L = 0
 =
l cos  h  The total energy of the stone at L is,
8. A bob of mass m is suspended from point 'S' using 1 1
an ideal string of length 'l'. If the bob is pulled to E= mvl2 + 0 = mvl2
2 2
a position P such that string makes an angle  to
5. When stone is at any instant of time, it reaches at
the vertical and released, then velocity of the bob point P. The velocity of stone at P is vp.
on reaching bottom most point O is,
The height through which the stone raised at P is
h,
1
K.E. of stone of mass m at P = mvP2
2
and P. E. of the stone at P = mgh
 Total energy of the stone at P is,
E = K.E.+ P.E.
v= 2gl (1  cos ) 1
E= mv2P + mgh
9. The tension in the string at this position is, 2
According to the law of conservation of energy,
mv 2
T= + mg = mg (3 – 2 cos  ) Total energy at P Total energy at L
l
1 1
1.10 Motion in a vertical circle mvP2 + mgh = mvl2
2 2
1. A stone of mass m tied to one end of the string
and moving in a vertical circle of radius r, as shown 1 1
 mvP2 + mvl2 – mgh
in figure. 2 2
vP2 = vl2 – 2 gh ..... (i)
From equation (i), vP is always less than vl.
Equation (i) gives the instantaneous velocity of
the particle at any instant.
Tension in the string : Let T be the tension in
the string. Therefore, various forces acting on
the stone or particle at Pare:
Tension (T) in the string acting along PO.
Weight mg of the particle acting vertically
downwards, weight mg is resolved into two
components:
mg cos  acting opposite to the tension T and
mg sin  acting along the tangent at P..
2. When the stone is at the highest point H, it should  Net force acting on the particle towards the
fall vertically downward because of gravity but centre of the circle = T – mg cos  .
on the contrary it does not fall. This force provides the necessary centripetal
3. The velocity of the stone is minimum at the highest
mv 2P
point and maximum at the lowest point. force for a particle performs circular
r
4. Let vl be the velocity of the stone at the lowest
point L. motion.

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 Circular Motion 11

mv 2P m
 T – mg cos  = T= (3 gr + 2 gr cos  ) + mg cos 
r r
= 3 mg + 3 mg cos 
mv 2P
 T= + mg cos  ...(ii) T = 3 mg [1 + cos  ]
r
This is the instantaneous tension in the string. By putting values of  = 0,  /2 and  we get,
The tension at the highest point is T = 0. the tension at lowest, horizontal and highest
position is obtained as,
Therefore cos 180 = –1. Hence above equation
becomes, TL = 6 mg, Thor = 3 mg and Th = 0
Velocity in vertical circular motion:
mv 2h
= mg 1. Velocity of the particle at the lowest position is
r
maximum and it is,
 vh2 = rg
VL = 5gr
 vh = rg
2. Velocity of the particle at the top position is
By the law of conservation of energy
minimum and it is,
Total energy at L = Total energy at H
VT = gr
1 1
mvl2 + 0 = mvh2 + m g × 2 r 3. Velocity of the particle at the horizontal position
2 2
is,
 vl2 = vh2 + 4 g r
 vl2 = g r + 4 g r vm = 3gr
Since vh2 = g r 4. Velocity of the particle at any position is,
 vl2 = 5 g r
Substitute vl in equation (i), we have,
vP = vl2  2gh  vl2  2gl (1  cos )
vP2 = 5 g r – 2 g h = gr(3  2 cos )
From geometry of figure, from PON ... (iii)
Velocity varies position to position and it is non
rh conservative.
cos  =
r Velocity and tension in a vertical loop :
 r cos  r – h
 h = r (1 – cos  ) Position Angle Velocity Tension
Substitute h in equation (iii), we have, mu 2
Lowest 0o u  mg
v P 2 = 5 gr – 2 gr (1 – cos  ) l
= 5 gr – 2 gr + 2 gr cos  mu 2
Horizontal 90o u 2  2gl  2mg
= 3 gr + 2gr cos  l
vP = 3gr  2gr cos  mu 2
Vertical 180o u 2  4gl  5mg
l
This is instantaneous velocity of a particle at any
position. mu 2
Horizontal 270o u 2  2gl  2mg
By putting values of  = 0,  /2 and  we get l
the velocity at lowest, horizontal and highest Kinetic energy :
position is obtained as, 1. Kinetic energy at lowest position of the particle
vL = 5g r , vhor = 3g r and vh = gr 5
is maximum. It is equal to mgr = Total energy..
Similarly instantaneous tension at any point is 2
obtained by putting vp in equation (ii),

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 Circular Motion 12
2. Kinetic energy at horizontal position of the particle
mv 2
is, T= + mg cos 
r
3 5. Speed of the particle, when it performs horizontal
KE. = mgr
2 circular motion in funnel is,
3. Kinetic energy at the top position of the particle
is, rg
v=
tan 
1
KE. = mgr v=
2 gh
4. Kinetic energy at any position of the particle in 6. When a body moves along a vertical circle with
vertical circular motion is, uniform speed, difference in the tensions in the
string when the body is at the lowest and top most
1 1
KE. = m (vl2 – 2gh) = m(3 + 2 cos  ) gr positions is equal to twice the weight of the body.
2 2
7. When a body just moves in a vertical circle, its
Kinetic energy varies position to position of the total energy only is constant. Its speed, linear
particle performing vertical circular motion and it velocity, linear. momentum, angular momentum,
is non conservative. angular velocity, P.E, K.E, centripetal force,
Potential energy: tension in the string all are variable.
1. Potential energy at lowest position of the particle 8. When a body slides along an inclined plane of
is minimum. It is equal to zero. height 'h' and describes a vertical circle of radius
'r' on reaching the bottom, then h = 5r / 2.
2. Potential energy at horizontal position of the
particle is, 1
mgh= mv2 where v = 5gr
P.E. = mgh = mgr 2
3. Potential energy at the top position of the particle
is, 5r
 h=
P.E. = mgh = 2 mgr 2
4. Potential energy at any position of the particle in 9. When a vehicle moving with certain speed is at
vertical circular motion is, the top of a convex shaped bridge or speed
P.E. = mgh = mgr (1 – cos  ) breaker, the normal force on it is less than its
weight. If that vehicle is at the lowest portion of
Potential energy varies position to position of the
a dip or c6ncave shaped bridge, the normal force
particle performing vertical circular motion and it
on it is greater than its weight.
is non conservative.
Total energy :
Total energy of the particle performing vertical
circular motion is conservative i.e. remains
constant.
Tension in the string:
1. When the particle is at the top of the vertical circle
tension is minimum and it is equal to zero.
2. When the particle is at the bottom of the vertical
circle tension is maximum and it is equal to 6 mg.
3. When the particle is at the horizontal position of
the vertical circle tension is equal to 3 mg.
4. Instantaneous tension in the string, when the
particle is at any position, 10. A car moving with speed venters on a convex
bridge of radius of curvature r. At the top most

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 Circular Motion 13
point of that bridge,
If its velocity at the highest point is gR , it
2
mv leaves the hemisphere along the tangent at that
Normal reaction on the car is NT = mg –
r point without sliding down.
If the car moves on a concave bridge and the Kinematical equation of motion:
2
mv
bottom most point, NL = mg + Rotational motion or
r Linear motion
Circular motion
11. If a bucket filled with water is whirled in a vertical
circle at the end of a rope, water will not fall v  u  at 2  1  t
down when it is at the highest point if its velocity s  ut  1 2 at 2   1t  1 2 t 2
at that point is v > gr . v 2  u 2  2 as 2 2  12  2
12. A particle begins to slide without any friction s n  u  a(n  1 2 ) q n th  1  (n  1 2 )
from the top of a hemisphere of radius R as
vu    2 
shown. It leaves the surface of hemisphere at s t s 1 t
height 'h' above the centre, such that h = 2R/3  2   2 
and cos  = 2/3

Average velocity and average acceleration in UCM :

A particle is performing uniform circular motion along the circumference of circle with radius R and centre
O. The speed of the particle is v and acceleration is 'a'.

Position of particle Average velocity Average speed

Average displacement Average distance
v AB
Time Time
2r r / 2 2r

T/4 T/4 T
2r 4r r 2r
VAC  
T/2 T T/2 T
2r 4 2r 3r / 2 2r
VAD  
3T / 4 3T 3T / 4 T

Average velocity
Average acceleration =
Time

v
=
T

2vsin  / 2
=
T


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 Circular Motion 14

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

1.1 Angular displacement, velocity and C) second's hand of a clock
acceleration D) flywheel of radius 2 m making 300 rpm
a) A,B,C,D b) B,C,D,A
1. A particle moving along a circular path of radius
'r' with uniform angular velocity  . Its angular c) C,D,A,B d) D,A,B,C
acceleration is 8. The motion of the particle along the
a) r  2 b) r/  circumference of the circle is a
c) zero d)  /r a) projectile motion
b) uniform circular motion
2. When a particle is revolving around a circular
path with uniform angular velocity, then its c) non uniform circular motion
acceleration is d) circular motion
a) along the tangent drawn at any point 9. The motion of the particle along the
b) along the circumference of the circle circumference of the circle with constant angular
speed is
c) along the radius towards the centre of the circle
a) uniform circular motion
d) zero
b) projectile motion
3. When a particle is moving along a circular path
with uniform speed, the physical quantity which c) non accelerated motion
remains constant both in magnitude and direction d) non uniform circular motion
is 10. The motion of the particle along the
a) velocity circumference of the circle with variable speed
b) centripetal force is a
c) centripetal acceleration a) uniform circular motion
d) angular velocity b) non uniform circular motion
4. For a particle moving along a circular path with a c) accelerated motion
constant speed, the acceleration is constant in d) rotational motion
a) magnitude only 11. In a uniform circular motion, the velocity of a
b) direction only particle
c) both magnitude and direction a) changes instantaneously
d) neither magnitude nor direction b) changes periodically
5. For uniform circular motion, the quantity that does c) constant
not remain constant is d) changes abruptly
a) centripetal acceleration 12. In a uniform circular motion, the direction of linear
b) energy velocity is along the
c) angular momentum a) tangent to the curve path
d) angular velocity b) radius vector towards the centre
6. A mass is revolving along a circle which is in the c) perpendicular to the plane of the circular motion
plane of the paper. The direction of tangential d) radius vector away from centre
accelera tion is 13. In VCM, the radius vector has
a) towards the centre of the circle a) constant magnitude but continuously changing
b) away from the centre of the circle direction
c) tangent to the circular path b) unique direction
d) parallel to angular velocity c) constant in magnitude and same direction
7. Identify the increase order of the angular d) variable magnitude and changes direction
velocities of the following continuously
A) earth rotating about its own axis 14. A particle performing a V.C.M. has a
B) hour's hand of a clock a) radial velocity

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 Circular Motion 15
b) radial acceleration directed towards the centre c) they are co-planer
c) tangential acceleration d) the angle between them is 45°
d) radial acceleration, directed away from the 22. A particle performing UCM, the particle is acted
centre upon by
15. The direction of velocity continuously changes in a) gravitational acceleration
a) uniform circular motion b) radial acceleration
b) nonuniform circular motion c) the resultant acceleration
c) oscillatory motion d) angular acceleration
d) uniform and non uniform circular motion. 23. If a body is moving with a uniform speed v in a
16. The particle is performing uniform circular motion, circle of radius 'r', then the angular acceleration
the true staternent/s are/is of the body will be
A) the direction of linear velocity, acceleration a) vir
and force changes instantaneously
v2
B) the magnitude of linear velocity, acceleration b) along the radius and away form the centre
r
and force changes instantaneously.
C) the magnitude of linear velocity, acceleration v2
and force remains constant. c) along radius and towards centre
r
D) linear velocity, acceleration and force are in d) zero
the same direction.
24. If a particle moves in a circle, describing equal
a) A and D b) A and C angles in equal intervals of time in a plane about
c) B, C, and D d) A, B, and C a fixed point, its velocity vector
17. The work done on a particle performing UCM is a) changes in direction
a) constant but non zero b) remains constant
mv 2 c) changes in magnitude
b)  2r d) changes both in magnitude and direction.
r
c) zero 25. A particle is moving in a circle with a constant
speed, the acceleration of the particle has
d) infinity
a) constant magnitude
18. A particle is performing uniform circular motion,
has constant b) constant magnitude and direction
a) velocity b) kinetic energy c) both magnitude and direction changes
c) momentum d) acceleration d) neither magnitude nor direction changes
19. For a particle performing UCM, the physical 26. A particle is moving in a uniform circular motion
quantities are constant with radius 'r'. Then the distance covered by the
particle in one revolution will be
a) speed and angular velocity
a) 2  r b) 2 
b) kinetic energy and radius vector
c)  r d)  r2
c) angular velocity and kinetic energy
27. A particle is moving in a uniform circular motion
d) 'a' and 'c'
with radius 'r', in half revolution the displacement
20. In a uniform circular motion,
and distance covered by the particle are
a) work done is zero
a) 2r, 2  r b) 1.414 r, 3.142 r
b) torque is zero
c) 2r,  r d)  r, 2r
c) angular speed constant
28. When a particle moves in a circle with uniform
d) all of the above speed then,
21. In a uniform circular motion, the velocity, position a) velocity and acceleration are constant
vector and angular velocity are
b) both velocity and acceleration change
a) parallel to each other
c) acceleration is constant but velocity change
b) mutually perpendicular to each other
d) magnitude of angular velocity constant but its

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 Circular Motion 16
direction change U.C.M. is given by
29. A vector drawn from centre of the circle to any a) left hand rule
position of the particle on a circumference of the b) right hand thumb rule
circle is c) right handed screw rule
a) radius vector b) position vector d) either 'b' or 'c'
c) velocity vector d) both 'a' and 'b' 37. According to right hand thumb rule, the direction
30. In a non uniform circular motion, the acceleration of angular displacement when a particle is
on the particle is performing uniform circular motion is
a) centripetal acceleration only a) parallel to radius vector directed away
b) tangential acceleration only b) tangent to circular path
c) the resultant of centripetal and tangential c) perpendicular to plane of circular path
acceleration d) directed along radius towards centre
d) centrifugal acceleration 38. The rate of change of angular displacement in
31. The vector relation among radial acceleration, uniform circular motion is
angular velocity and linear velocity is 
a) angular velocity (  )
     
a) a r   · v b) a r    v b) angular speed (  )
      
c) a r  v   d) a r  v ·  c) angular acceleration (  )
32. The uniform circular motion is accelerated motion, d) radial acceleration
because 39. The rate of change of angular velocity w.r. to t in
a) the motion accelerates due to the change in uniform circular motion is a
velocity a) radial acceleration

b) the motion accelerates due to the change in b) angular acceleration (  )
angular velocity c) angular speed
c) the motion accelerates due to the force d) angular displacement
d) all of these 40. Finite angular displacement is not a vector
33. If the angle between tangential acceleration and because
resultant acceleration in non ucm is a, then a) it do not obey the law of vector addition
direction of the resultant acceleration will be b) it obeys the law of addition of vectors
 aT   ar  c) its direction is given by right hand rule
a) tan–1  a  b) tan–1  a  d) it changes with time
 r  T 41. The infinitesimal angular displacement of a particle
performing uniform circular motion is a vector
 ar   aT 
c) tan–1  a  d) tan–1  a  because its obeys
    a) the commutative and associative laws of vector
34. The angular displacement in circular motion is addition
a) dimensional quantity b) do not obeys the laws of vector addition
b) dimensionless quantity c) do not obeys the laws of multiplication of
c) unit less quantity and dimensionless quantity vectors
d) unitless quantity d) all of these
35. The infinitesimally angular displacement  in 42. Angular displacement is measured in
uniform circular motion is a) meter b) time
a) vector quantity c) radian d) steradian
b) scalar quantity 43. The angle subtended at the centre of the circle
by an arc of length equal to the radius of circle is
c) neither scalar nor vector
a) one radian b) one degree
d) tensor quantity
 c) one steradian d) 90°
36. The direction of angular displacement  in

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 Circular Motion 17
       
44. If a particle goes round the circle once in a time c) a    r  v   d) a    r    v
period T, then the angular velocity  will be 53. A body is moving along circle at constant speed.
a) 2  t b) T/2  Which of the following statement is true?
c) 2  /T d)  /T a) body is not accelerated.
45. The angular speed  is given by b) body has an inward radial acceleration
a) 2  n b) 2  /T c) body has a constant velocity
c) 2  /n d) both 'a' and 'b' d) body has outward radial acceleration.
46. The SI unit of angular velocity is, 54. A particle moves along a circular path with a
a) metre / s b) radian / s constant angular velocity. This necessarily means
c) radian / s2 d) s–1 that the motion is
47. The SI unit of angular acceleration is, a) confined to a single plane
a) radian / s b) radian / s b) not confined to a single plane
c) radian / s 2
d) meter / s2 c) nothing can be said regarding the plane of
48. The relation between linear velocity and angular motion
velocity of a body moving in circle in vector form d) its motion is one-dimensional
is 55. When a body moves in uniform circular motion
   
a) v   r b) v  r   in a horizontal plane then its angular acceleration
   
c) v   / r d) r  v  
will
a) increase b) decrease
49. The relation between tangential or linear
c) be zero d) be constant
acceleration and angular acceleration of a body
moving in circle is given by 56. Two particles A and B are located at distances
      rA and rB from the centre of a rotating disc such
a) a  r /  b) a    r
      that rA > rB. In this case
c) a   / r d) a  r   (Angular velocity (  ) of rotation is constant)
50. A body performing nonuniform circular motion a) both A and B do not have any acceleration
experiences linear acceleration ar and tangential b) both A and B have same acceleration
acceleration aT' such that ar changes the direction
c) A has greater acceleration than B
of linear velocity, while aT changes the magnitude
d) B has greater acceleration than B
of linear velocity. Then the resultant acceleration
'a' in this case is, 57. A particle is moving in a circle of radius 'r' and
centre O with constant speed. What is the change
a) a 3T  a T3 b) a = ar + aT in velocity in moving form A to B ?
(If the angle between two velocity vector is  .)
c) a = a 2r  a T2 d) a = a 2r a T2 a) 2v sin2  /2 b) 2v sin  /2
51. The physical quantities which remain constant for c) 2v cos2  /2 d) 2v cos  /2.
a particle performing uniform circular motion in
58. A cycle wheel is rotating with uniform angular
horizontal plane are
velocity '  ' A graph is plotted between tangential
a) kinetic energy velocities at different points on a spoke and their
b) torque distances from the axis. The graph is
c) angular momentum a) a straight line parallel to velocity axis
d) 'a' and 'c' b) a straight line parallel to distance axis
52. In nonuniform circular motion, the linear c) intersecting both velocity and distance axes
 
acceleration a , the angular acceleration,  , the d) passing through origin with a slope '  '
linear velocity v , the radius vector r and the 59. If a graph is plotted between angular velocity 

angular velocity  at any instant are related by and distance x of a particle performing uniform
the vector equation, circular motion, the graph is a straight line
       
a) a    r   v b) a  r    v   a) parallel to  axis
b) parallel to distance x - axis

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 Circular Motion 18
c) intersecting both  and distance axis 66. A particle is moving along a circular path. Which
d) intersecting only  axis of the following statement is not correct ?
60. When the angular velocity of a particle performing a) angular velocity is perpendicular to centripetal
circular motion is decreasing in anticlock wise acceleration
direction then the direction of angular acceleration b) angular velocity is perpendicular to linear
will be velocity
a) in the direction of initial angular velocity c) the linear velocity is perpendicular to centripetal
b) opposite to the direction of initial angular acceleration
velocity d) angular acceleration is perpendicular to angular
c) perpendicular to the direction of initial angular velocity
velocity 67. A particle is performing non UCM, the
  
d) both' a' and 'c' acceleration of the particle is a R = a r + a T,

61. A stone is tied to the end of a string of length 1 where a r is radial component of acceleration and
and whirled in a horizontal circle. When the string  
a T is tangential component of acceleration. If a r
breaks then the stone = 0, the motion of the particle is
a) flies radially inwards a) uniform circular motion
b) files radially outwards b) non uniform circular motion
c) drops down c) straight line motion along the tangent to curve
d) flies tangent to the circular path path
62. An aeroplane is taking a turn in a horizontal plane. d) spiral motion about centre
While doing so, 68. A particle moves with uniform speed in a circular
a) it remains horizontal path the angle between instantaneous velocity and
b) it inclines outwards acceleration is
c) it inclines inwards a) 0° b) 180°
d) it will be vertical c) 90° d) 45°
63. If a body moves along circular path of constant 69. A particle moves with constant angular velocity
radius, then the magnitude of its acceleration will in a circle. During the motion its
be a) energy is conserved
a) uniform b) momentum is conserved
b) zero c) energy and momentum both are conserved
c) variable d) none of the above is conserved
d) not to be decided from the information 70. A particle moves in a circular orbit under the
64. A particle moves along a circle in the plane of action of a central attractive force inversely
the paper clockwise direction. If its angular proportional to the distance 'r'. The speed of the
velocity is gradually increasing in magnitude, particle is
direction of its angular acceleration is a) Proportional to r2 b) Independent of r
a) normally into the paper c) Proportional to r d) Proportional to 1/r
b) normally outwards from the paper 71. The average acceleration vector for a particle
c) zero having a uniform circular motion is
d) vertically up a) a constant vector of magnitude v2/r
65. The speed of revolution of a particle around a b) a vector of magnitude v2/r directed normal to
circle is halved and its angular speed is doubled the plane
what happens to the radial acceleration? c) equal to the instantaneous acceleration vector
a) remains unchanged at the start of the motion
b) halved d) a null vector
c) doubled 72. It a particle covers half the circle of radius R
d) quadrupled with constant speed, then

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 Circular Motion 19
a) momentum change is mvr of their linear speeds is
b) change in K.E. is 1/2 mv2 a) m1 : m2 b) r1 : r2
c) change in K.E. is mv2 c) 1 : 1 d) m1 r1 : m2 r2
d) change in K.E. is zero 82. If the radius of the earth is 6400 km, then the
73. If a r and a t represent radial and tangential linear velocity of a point on the equator will be
accelerations, the motion of a particle will be nearly
uniform circular if a) 1000 km/h b) 1675 km/h
a) ar = 0 and at = 0 b) ar = 0 but at  0 c) 100 km/h d) 800 km/h
c) ar  0 but at = 0 d) ar  0 and at  0 83. The angular velocity of a wheel is 70 rad/s. If the
74. Two particles of masses m1 and m2 are moving radius of the wheel is 0.5 m, then linear velocity
in concentric circles of radii r1 and r2 such that of a point on rim of the wheel will be
their periods are same. Then the ratio of their a) 10 m/s b) 20 m/s
centripetal acceleration is c) 35 m/s d) 70 m/s
a) r12/r 22 b) r22/r12 84. If a small body of mass m is moving with angular
c) r1/r2 d) r2/r1 velocity  in a circle of radius r, then its K.E.
75. A particle is moving along a circular path of radius will be
5 m with uniform speed of 5 m/s. What will be
mr m2 r
time taken by the particle in half revolution? a) b)
2 2
a)  /2 s b) 2  s
c)  s d) 3  /2 s m2 r 2 mr 2
76. What is the angular displacement of the minute c) d)
2 2
85. In a figure, the linear velocity v in terms of polar
hand in 20 minutes?
a)  /3 rad b) 2  /3 rad
coordinate is
c)  /2 rad d) 3  /2 rad
77. The frequency of a particle performing circular   
motion changes from 60 rpm to 180 rpm in 20 s. a) v  ir cos t  j r sin t
Then the angular acceleration is   
b) v  i r sin t  j r cos t
a) 0.1  rad/s2 b) 0.2  rad/s2
  
c) 0.3  rad/s2 d) 0.4  rad/s2 c) v  ( i r sin t  j r cos t)
78. A particle is moving in a circle of a radius 40 cm   
has a linear speed of 30 m/s at a certain instant, d) v   i r sin t  j r cos t
its linear speed is increasing at the rate of 4 m/s2. 86. If a body revolves n times in a circle of radius 
Then the rate of change of centripetal acceleration cm in one minute, then its linear velocity will be
increasing at the instant will be
60 2n
a) 200 m/s3 b) 600 m/s3 a) cm/s b) cm/s
2n 60
c) 100 m/s2 d) 300 m/s3
79. If a particle is moving in a circular path of radius 2 2 n 60
'r' with a uniform speed v, then the angle described c) cm/s d) cm/s
60 22
by it in one second will be
87. A particle of mass m is moving in a horizontal
a) v r b) 1 /v r circle of radius R with a uniform speed. When it
c) v/r d) v/r2 moves to a point diametrically opposite then
80. The angular speed of the minute hand of a clock a) K.E. changes by mv2/4
in degrees per second is b) momentum does not change
a) 0.01 b) 0.1 88. c) momentum changes by 2 mv
c) 1.0 d)  /1800 d) K.E. changes by mv2
81. Two racing cars having masses m1 and m2 move 88. If a particle is describing circular path of radius
in concentric circles of radii r1 and r2 respectively. 10 m in every 2 s, then the average angular speed
If their angular speeds are same, then the ratio

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 Circular Motion 20
of the particle during 4 s will be magnitude of change in velocity in half revolution
a) 0.5  rad/s b) 3  /4 rad/s will be
c) 20  rad/s d)  rad/s a) 20 m/s b) 10 m/s
89. A particle moves in a circular path of radius 0.4 c) 30 m/s d) 40 m/s
m with a constant speed. If it makes 5 revolutions 96. If an aeroplane is moving on a circular path with
in each second of its motion, then the speed of a uniform speed 300 krn/h, then the change in
the particle will be velocity after quarter of the circle will be
a) 10.6 m/s b) 11.2 m/s a) 150 km/h b) zero
c) 12.56 m/s d) 13.6 m/s c) 600 km/h d) 300 2 km/h
90. If the speed of the tip of the minute hand of a
97. In the above problem, the change in velocity after
town clock is 1.75 × 10–3 m/s, then the speed of
covering an angle of 90° will be
its second hand of same length will be
a) zero km/h b) 300 km/h
a) 1.75 × 10–3 m/s b) 10.5 × 10–3 m/s
c) 10.5 × 10–2 m/s d) 17.5 × 10–3 m/s c) 600 km/h d) 300 2 km/h
91. The angular displacement of a particle performing 98. In the above problem No. 96, if angle turned is
circular motion is 270° then the change in velocity will be
a) zero b) 300 km/h
t3 t
  c) 600 km/h d) 300 2 km/h
60 4
where  is in radian and 't' is in seconds. Then 99. An aeroplane is moving on a circular path with a
uniform speed 300 km/h. If the period of the
the angular velocity and angular acceleration of
aeroplane is 12 hours, then the average
a particle at the end of 5 s will be
acceleration after half cycle will be
a) 1 rad/s, 5 rad/s2 b) 1 rad/s, 0.5 rad/s2
a) zero b) 100 km/h2
c) 5 rad/s, 1 rad/s d) 0.1 rad/s, 5 rad/s2
c) 50 km/h2 d) 25 km/h2
92. A motor car is travelling 20 m/s on a circular road
100. A particle is moving on a circular path with
of radius 400 m. If it increases its speed at the
constant speed v then the change in its velocity
rate of 1 m/s2, then its acceleration will be
after it has described an angle of 60° will be
a) 2 2 m/s2 b) 3 m/s2 a) v 2 b) 0
c) 2 m/s
2
d) 3 3 m/s 2
c) v d) 2 v
93. The angular displacement of a particle performing 101. A particle P is moving in a circle of radius' a' with
circular motion is uniform speed v. C is the centre of the circle and
AB is diameter. Then the ratio of angular velocity
t4 t of P about A and C is
 
60 4 a) 1 : 1 b) 1 : 2
where  is in radian and 't' is in seconds. Then c) 2 : 1 d) 4 : 2
the acceleration of a particle at the end of 10 s 102. The angular displacement of a second hand of a
will be clock in 15 s in 51 unit is
a) 10 rad/s2 b) 20 rad/s2 a)  radian b) 180°
c) 30 rad/s2 d) 15 rad/s2

94. A particle is performing uniform circular motion c) 90° d) radian
2
with velocity 40 m/s. If the angle between the
two velocity vector is 60°, then the change in 103. If a car is travelling at 20 m/s on a circular road
velocity will be of radius 400 m, then the radial acceleration will
be
a) 30 m/s b) 40 m/s
a) 1 m/s2 b) 10 m/s2
c) 20 m/s d) 10 m/s
c) 0.1 m/s2 d) 0.01 m/s2
95. If a particle is moving with uniform velocity 20
m/s on a circular track of radius 10 m, then the 104. A car is moving with speed 30 m/s on a circular

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 Circular Motion 21
path of radius 500 m. If it's speed is increasing at c) 2  s d)  /2 s
the rate of 2 m/s2, then the acceleration of the 112. The speed of a motor increases from 1200 rpm
car will be to 1800 rpm in 20 s. How many revolutions does
a) 2 m/s2 b) 1.8 m/s2 it make during these second?
c) 2.69 m/s 2
d) 9.8 m/s2 a) 400 b) 600
105. If a body is moving with uniform speed of 10 m/ c) 500 d) 700
s on a circular path of diameter 2 m, then the 113. If a particle moves on a circular path of radius 4
difference between the distance covered by it m with time period 4 s, then the change in
and displacement in half revolution will be magnitude of velocity in one-fourth revolution will
a) 2 m b) 1.142 m be
c) 3.142 m d) 6.284 m a) 2 2  m/s b)  m/s
106. If a space man is rotated at the end of a long
c) 3  m/s d) 4  m/s
beam of length 5 m and the acceleration of 9 g,
114. If a particle moves in a circle of radius 25 cm at
then the number of revolution performed will be
2 rps, then the acceleration of the particle in m/s2
(g = 10 m/s2)
will be
3 3 a) 12  2 b) 8  2
a) rps b) rps
2 2 c) 4  2 d) 2  2
115. The acceleration of a point on the rim of a flywheel
2 5 3 of diameter 1.2 m, if it makes 900 revolutions per
c) rps d) rps
3 3 minute, will be
107. What is the angular speed of rotation about its a) 540  2 m/s2 b) 270 m/s2
polar axis, so that the bodies on its equator would c) 360 m/s2 d) 540 m/s2
feel no weight? (g = 9.8 m/s2, R = 6.4 × 106 m) 116. A particle is kept fixed on a turn table rotating
a) 1.237 × 10–3 rad/s uniformly. As seen from the ground, the particle
b) 1.237 × 10–4 rad/s goes in a circle, its speed is 20 cm/s and
c) 7.27 × 10–3 rad/s acceleration 20 cm/s2. The particle is now shifted
d) 7.27 × 10–4 rad/s to a new position to make radius half of the
108. The hour hand and the minute hand of a clock original value. The new values of speed and
coincide at every relative periodic time is, acceleration will be
a) 11/12 hour b) 12/11 hour a) 10 cm/s, 10 cm/s2 b) 10 cm/s, 80 cm/s2
c) 11/6 hour d) 12/24 hour c) 40 cm/s, 10 cm/s2 d) 40 cm/s, 40 cm/s2
109. If a particle is moving along a circle of radius 3 m 117. The speed of a body moving in a circle of radius
with a constant speed 9 mis, then it covers a 15 cm changes from 180 rev/min to 600 rev/min
quarter of the circle in time of in 11 s. Then the angular acceleration of the body
will be
a) n/3 s b) n/6 s
a) 1 rad/s2 b) 2 rad/s2
c) n/2 s d) n/8 s
c) 3 rad/s 2
d) 4 rad/s2
110. A flywheel rotates about a fixed axis and slows
down from 400 rpm to 200 rpm in one minute. 118. In the above problem, the linear acceleration will
How many revolutions does the flywheel complete be
in the same time? a) 0.6 m/s2 b) 0.5 m/s2
a) 200 rev b) 400 rev c) 0.4 m/s2 d) 0.2 m/s2
c) 300 rev d) 500 rev 119. The angular speed of second hand in a watch is
111. A particle is moving along a circular path ofradius  
40 m with a uniform speed of 20 m/s. Then the a) rad/s b) rad/s
60 30
time taken for the particle to complete half
revolution will be  
c) rad/s d) rad/s
a) 4  s b)  s 120 2

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 Circular Motion 22
120. If a point on the circumference of a wheel having 128. If the blades of an aeroplane are 4 m long and
diameter 4 m has velocity of 1600 cm/s, then the rotate at the rate of 600 rpm, then the angular
angular velocity of the wheel will be velocity will be
a) 8 rad/s b) 4 rad/s a) 10  rad/s b) 30  rad/s
c) 6 rad/s d) 3 rad/s c) 20  rad/s d) 40  rad/s
121. To simulate the acceleration of large rockets, the 129. A car of mass m moves in horizontal circular path
astronauts are spun at the end of long rotating of radius r meter. At an instant its speed is v m/s
beam of radius 9.8 m. What will be angular veloci and in increasing at a rate of 'a' m/s2. Then the
ty required for generating cen tri petal acceleration of the car is,
acceleration 8 times the acceleration due to
gravity?  2 v2   v2 
a)  a  r  b) a2   
a) 2.828 rad/s b) 28.28 rad/s    r 
c) 282.8 rad/s d) zero
2 2
122. A human body can safely with stand with an  v2   v2 
acceleration of 10 g m/s2. What will be the number c) a 2
   d) a  
2

 r   r 
of revolutions that a space traveller can perform
on a rotating platform of radius 10 m ? 130. A flywheel rotates about a fixed axis and slows
a) 4.984 rps b) 0.4984 rps down from 200 rpm to 100 rpm in one minute.
c) 3.142 rps d) 49.84 rps How many revolutions does the wheel complete
123. If an electric fan revolving at 600 rpm is speeded in one minute?
up uniformly to 1200 rpm in 4 s, then the angular a) 50 b) 100
acceleration of a fan will be c) 150 d) 200
a)  /2 rad/s2 b) 2  rad/s2 131. In 1 s, a particle goes from point A to point B,
c) 3  /2 rad/s2 d) 5  rad/s2 moving in a semicircle of radius 1 m. The
124. If an automobile takes 'U' turn in 4 s, then its magnitude of the average velocity of the particle
average angular velocity will be is
a)  /2 rad/s b)  /4 rad/s a) 3.14 m/s b) 2 m/s
c)  /3 rad/s d)  /5 rad/s c) 1 m/s d) zero
125. A particle is moving in a circle of radius 20 cm 132. A racing car completes three rounds on a circular
has a linear speed of 10 m/s at a certain instant, racing track in one minute. If the car has a
and its linear speed is increasing at the rate of uniform centripetal acceleration of  2 m/s2 then
2 m/s2. What is the rate at which its acceleration the radius of the track will be
in U.CM. is increasing at that instant? a) 100 m b) 10 m
a) 400 m/s3 b) 200 m/s3 c) 1000 m d) 125 m
c) 300 m/s3 d) 100 m/s3 133. The extremity of the hour hand of a clock moves
126. The angular speed of a particle, moving in a circle (1/20)th as fast as the minute hand. If the minute
of radius 20cm, increases from 2 rad/s to 40 rad/ hand is 10 cm long, then the length of the hour
s in 19 s the ratio of its centripetal acceleration to hand will be
tangential acceleration at the end of 19 s is, a) 3 cm b) 6 cm
a) 400 : 1 b) 1 : 800 c) 12 cm d) 18 cm
c) 1 : 400 d) 800 : 1 134. A particle goes round a circular path with uniform
127. The angular speed of second hand in a watch in speed v. 'After describing half the circle, what is
deg/s is, the change in its centripetal acceleration?

  v2 2v 2
a) deg/s b) deg/s a) b)
45 60 r r

 2v 2 v2
c) deg/s d) 6 deg/s c) d)
60 r r

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 Circular Motion 23
135. The ratio of angular speeds of minute-hand and

hour-hand of a watch is a) zero b) cm/s
30 2
a) 1 : 12 b) 6 : 1
c) 12 : 1 d) 1 : 6   2
136. A glass marble moves from one end of a c) cm/s d) cm/s
30 30
semicircular arc of radius R to the other end of
146. A mass of 2 kg is whirled in a horizontal circle by
the arc. The ratio of distance travelled by the
means of a string at an initial speed of 5
marble to its displacement is
revolutions per minute. Keeping the radius
a)  /R b) R/ 
constant the tension in the string is doubled.
c) 2  d)  /2
The new speed is nearly
137. If an automobile moves round a curve of radius a) 14 rpm b) 10 rpm
300 m at constant speed of 60 m/s, then the change
c) 2.25 rpm d) 7 rpm
of velocity round a curve of 60° will be
147. The second's hand of a watch has length 6 cm.
a) zero b) 30 m/s
Speed of end point and magnitude of difference
c) 120 m/s d) 60 m/s
of velocities at two perpendicular positions will
138. In the above question, the magnitude of the be
instantaneous acceleration is a) 6.28 and 0 mm/s
a) 10 m/s2 b) 11 m/s2
b) 8.88 and 4.44 mm/s
c) 12 m/s2 d) 11.5 m/s2
c) 8.88 and 6.28 mm/s
139. In the above question, the magnitude of the
d) 6.28 and 8.88 mm/s
average acceleration over the arc of 60° is
148. A particle comes round a circle of radius 1 m
a) 10 m/s2 b) 11 m/s2
once. The time taken by it is 10 s. The average
c) 11.5 m/s 2
d) 12 m/s2 velocity of motion is
140. Ratio of angular velocity of hour hand of a clock a) 0.2  m/s b) (r/100) m/s
to self rotation of the earth is c) (100/r) m/s d) zero
a) 1 : 2 b) 2 : 1
149. A wheel completes 2000 revolutions to cover the
c) 1 : 12 d) 12 : 1 9.5 km distance, then the diameter of the wheel
141. If a car moves with a velocity of 45 kmph, angular is
velocity of its wheel of diameter 50 cm is a) 1.5 m b) 1.5 cm
a) 50 rad/s b) 25 rad/s c) 7.5 cm d) 7.5 m
c) 100 rad/s d) 5 rad/s 150. A belt passes over a wheel of radius 25 cm. If a
142. The acceleration of an athlete running at 36 kmph point on the belt has a speed of 5 m/s, the belt is
when negotiating a turn of radius 25 m is moving with an angular velocity of
a) 1 m/s2 b) 2 m/s2 a) 3.2 rad/s b) 0.32 rad/s
c) 4 m/s2 d) 8 m/s2 c) 20 rad/s d) 0.032 rad/s
143. A motor car is travelling at 30 m/s on a circular 151. Two bodies of masses 8 kg and 4 kg are moving
track of radius 450 m. If its speed is increasing at in concentric circular orbits of radii r1 and r2
the rate of 2 m/s2, then its acceleration will be respectively. If their time periods are same, the
a) 1/ 2 m/s2 b) 2 m/s2 ratio of their centripetal accelerations is
a) r1 : r2 b) 2r1 : r2
c) 2 m/s
2
d) 2 2 m/s2
c) r1 : 2r2 d) r12 : r2
144. The speed of the wheel of an engine changes 152. A stone tied to the end of a 20 cm long string is
from 600 rpm to 1200 rpm in 5 s. Then its angular whriled in a horizontal circle with a constant
acceleration in rad/s2 is angular speed. If the centripetal acceleration is
a)  b) 2  980 cm/s2, its angular speed is
c) 3  d) 4  a) 7 rad/s b) 14 rad/s
145. The length of second's hand in a watch is 1 cm. c)  rad/s d) 20 rad/s
The change in velocity of its tip in 15 s is

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 Circular Motion 24
153. A disc of radius 0.1 m starts from rest with an 161. The force acts on a particle performing uniform
angular acceleration of 4.4 rad/s. Then linear circular motion and which is directed towards
velocity of the point on its after 5 s is centre along radius of circle is
a) 0.22 m/s b) 2.2 m/s a) centrifugal force b) centripetal force
c) 4.4 m/s d) 1.1 m/s c) pseudo force d) gravitational force
154. The acceleration of a body moving round a curve 162. The centripetal force in magnitude and direction
of radius 160 m at 20 ms–1 is is given by
a) 5 ms–2 b) 1.5 ms–2
mv 2  
c) 2.5 ms–2 d) 1.25 ms–2 a) r b) mr2 r0
r
155. The ratio of angular speeds of minutes hand and
seconds hand in a watch is mv 2 
c)  r0 d) both 'b' and 'c'
a) 60 : 1 b) 30 : 1 r
c) 1 : 30 d) 1 : 60 163. The direction of centripetal acceleration or radial
156. A wheel increases its speed from 60 rpm to 120 acceleration.
rpm in 10 s. Number of rotations made by it in 10 a) opposite to r
s is
b) along radius
a) 10 b) 15
c) upwards perpendicular to the plane
c) 25 d) 20
d) perpendicular to the plane of circular path
157. A particle is moving along a circle of radius 3 m.
164. If a stone is tied to a string and whirled in a circle,
If its centripetal acceleration is 3 ms–2, its angular
then the centripetal force will be provided by
velocity in rad s–1 is
a) tension in the string
a) 1 b) 1/3
b) mass of the string
c) 3 d) 0.5
c) weight of string
158. A particle tied to a string of negligible weight and
d) mass of stone
length 1 is swung in a horizontal circular path with
constant angular velocity having time period T. If 165. If the earth revolves round the sun in a circular
the string length is shortened by 1/2 while the orbit, then the necessary centripetal force will be
particle is in motion, the time period is provided by
a) 4 T b) 2 T a) weight of the earth
c) T/2 d) T/4 b) acceleration due to gravity
159. Two cars of masses m1 and m2 are travelling along c) gravitational force of attraction between the
circular paths of radii r1 and r2 respectively. If sun and the earth
they complete one rotation in the same period, d) presence of atmosphere around the earth
the ratio of their angular velocities respectively is 166. Centripetal force is a real force because its origin
a) m1 : m2 b) m1r1 : m2r2 can
c) m1 r2 : m2r1 d) 1 : 1 a) not be explained
b) be explained
1.2 Centripetal force and centrifugal force
c) lies in revolving changes
160. A body is moving with a uniform speed along a d) be at centre of mass of a body
circle. If its direction of motion is reversed but 167. A force which is equal and opposite to centripetal
speed is kept constant then force in uniform circular motion, is called
a) the centrifugal force will suffer change in a) centrifugal force b) restoring force
direction in word c) nuclear force d) cohesive force
b) the centripetal force will not suffer any change 168. Centrifugal force is pseudo force because
in direction
a) it is not provided by any real force but it arises
c) the centripetal force will have its direction due to accelerated frame of reference
reversed
b) origin can not be imaginary
d) both' a' and 'b'
c) its direction is outwards along radius

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 Circular Motion 25
d) its magnitude is equal to centripetal force c) the body will move towards or away the centre
169. A satellite of the earth is revolving round the earth d) both' a' and 'b'
with a uniform speed 'v', If the gravitational force 176. If the centripetal force acting on a body
suddenly disappears, the satellite will performing V.C.M. is slowly decreased, then the
a) continue to move with the velocity v along the body will move
original orbit a) along elliptical path
b) move with a velocity v, tangentially to the b) towards centre along spiral path
original orbit c) towards centre along radius
c) fall down with increasing velocity d) outwards the centre along radius
d) ultimately come to rest somewhere on the 177. The centripetal force is real force which provides
original orbit with the real interacting force of
170. Centrifuges are used to separate the particles of a) mechanical
a) light masses b) electrical
b) light and heavy masses c) magnetic or gravitational
c) heavy masses d) all of these
d) all the above are true 178. A steel ball is placed on the boundary of circular
171. Select the wrong statement disc when the disc rotates, the ball will fall down,
a) centrifugal force has same magnitude as that because
of centripetal force a) the force of friction between ball surface and
b) centrifugal force is along the radius, away from disc will not provide necessary centripetal force,
the centre so it will experience outward force.
c) centrifugal force exist in inertial frame of b) it will experience sufficient centripetal force
reference c) both 'a' and 'b'
d) centrifugal force is called pseudo force as its d) neither 'a' or 'b'
origin cannot be explained. 179. Which of the following statements are true for
172. The driver of a car travelling at velocity v suddenly cream separators?
sees a broad wall in front of him at a distance 'a'. a) the particles of cream are lighter so that they
He should will experience less centripetal force and will
a) brake sharply b) turn sharply follow circular path of smaller radius
c) both 'a' and 'b' d) none b) the particles of milk are heavier so that they
173. A person on a rotating table, if remains at rest, will experience large centripetal force and will
then he will assume the existence of follow the circular path of larger radius
a) centrifugal force b) gravitational force c) cream particle will collect near the axis of
c) restoring force d) Coulomb's force rotation
174. Although the centrifugal force is equal and d) all of the above
opposite to centripetal force, it is not the reaction 180. If the speed of a body in uniform circular motion
of centripetal force because and radius of circular path is doubled then the
a) they acts on the same body due to two different centripetal force will be
frames a) halved b) doubled
b) centrifugal force can exist without centripetal c) quadrupled d) tripled
force 181. If the Newton's laws of motion are to hold true in
c) reaction can exist with action an accelerated frame of reference then the
d) both' a' and 'b' observer in this frame of reference will assume
175. A body of mass m is tied to free end of string and the existence of pseudo force known as
whirled in a circle about the other end. If the string a) centrifugal force b) centripetal force
suddenly breaks, then c) gravitational force d) restoring force
a) centripetal force will vanish 182. Centrifugal force is not a real force, but it arises
b) the body will move along tangent to circle due to

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 Circular Motion 26
a) accelerated frame of referance inwards, while negotiating the same curve.
b) mass of rotating body Then this happens due to
c) presence of centrifugal force a) the car is heavier than the cycle
d) non accelerated frame of referance b) the cycle moves slower than the car
183. A car moves with a constant speed on a road. c) the car moves faster than the cycle
The normal reaction exerted by the road on the d) cyclist counteracts the centrifugal force, which
car is NA and NB when it is at the points A and B throws the passengers in the car outwards
respectively, then 190. A spirit level is placed at the edge of a turn table
a) NA = NB along its radius. The bubble will be
b) NA > NB a) at the centre of the container
c) NA < NB b) at the outer edge of the container
d) insufficient information to decide the relation c) at the inner edge of the container
of NA and NB d) will oscillate about the centre of the contai
184. The work done by the centripetal force in quarter 191. A stone tied to a string is rotated in a circle. If the
revolution would be, string is cut, the stone files away from the circle
a) infinity b) increases because
c) zero d) decreases a) a centrifugal force acts on the stone
185. If the centripetal force acting on the body is b) a centripetal force acts on the stone
suddenly removed then the body will flyaway in c) of its inertia of motion
a straight line, tangential to that point. d) reaction of the centripetal force
The final path will be parabola due to 192. If the over bridge is concave instead of being
a) radial force b) centrifugal force convex, the thrust on the road at the lowest
c) tangential force d) gravitational force position will be
186. When the car is turning round a curve, the persons
mv 2 mv 2
sitting in the car will experience a) mg + b) mg –
r r
a) tangential force b) centrifugal force
c) frictional force d) centripetal force m2 v2 g v2g
c) d)
187. A particle of mass m executing uniform circular r r
motion on a path of radius r. If P is the magnitude 193. A car sometimes overturns while taking a turn,
of its linear momentum, the radial force acting on when it overturns, it is
the particle will be
a) the inner wheel leaves the ground first
P2 b) the outer wheel leaves the ground first
a) Pmr b) c) both the wheels leave the ground
rm
simultaneously
rP rm d) either wheel which leaves the ground first
c) d) 2
m P 194. A car moving on a horizontal road may be thrown
188. A body is moving along a circular path with out of the road in taking a turn
constant speed. If the direction of rotation is a) by the gravitational force
reversed and the speed is doubled, b) due to lack of centripetal force
a) direction of centripetal acceleration is reversed c) due to rolling frictional force between tyre and
b) direction of centripetal acceleration is remains road
unchanged d) due to the reaction of the ground
c) magnitude of centripetal acceleration is 195. On a railway curve, the outside rail is laid higher
doubled than the inside one so that resultant force exerted
d) magnitude of centripetal acceleration is halved on the wheels of the rail car by the tops of the
189. The passengers in car are thrown outwards when rails will
the car negotiates a curve, but the cyclist bends a) have a horizontal component inwards

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 Circular Motion 27
b) be vertical components and radius is made 4 times the original value, will
c) equal to the centripetal force
16 15
d) be decreased a) increase by b) decrease by
15 16
196. A car travels north with a uniform velocity. It
goes over a piece of mud which sticks to the tyre. 8 8
c) decrease by d) increase by
The particles of the mud, as it leaves the ground 15 15
are thrown 203. The angular frequency needed for a centrifuge
a) vertically upwards to produce an acceleration of 1000 g at a radius
b) vertically inwards arm of 10 cm, is
c) towards north a) 1.99 × 103 rev/min
d) towards south b) 3.99 × 103 rev/min
197. A mass 2 kg describes a circle of radius 1 m on a c) 4.99 × 103 rev/min
smooth horizontal table at a uniform speed. It it is d) 2.99 × 103 rev/min
joined to the centre of the circle by a string, which 204. A body of mass 1 kg is rotating in a vertical circle
can just withstand 32 N, then the greatest number of radius 1 m. What will be the difference in its
of revolutions per minute, performed by the mass kintetic energy at the top and bottom of the circle?
would be (g = 10 m/s2)
a) 38 b) 4 a) 10 J b) 20 J
c) 76 d) 16 c) 30 J d) 50 J
198. A mass is supported on frictionless smooth 205. If a particle moves in a circle of radius r with
horizontal surface. It is attached to a string rotated constant speed under centripetal force F, then the
about a fixed centre at an angular velocity  . If work done in completing a full circle will be,
the length of the string and the angular velocity
a) 2  rF b) 4  rf
are doubled (the initial tension is T), then the
c)  r2F d) zero
tension in the string will be
206. The centripetal force required to hold 1 kg object
a) T b) T/2
in circular path by means of a string 1 m long, if
c) 4 T d) 8 T
the object is moving at constant speed of 2 m/s
199. A small coin is kept at the rim of a horizontal will be
circular disc which is set into rotation about
a) 2 N b) 8 N
vertical axis passing through its centre. If radius
c) 4 N d) 12 N
of the disc is 5 cm and µs = 0.25, then the angular
speed at which the coin will just slip off at 207. An object of mass 50 kg is moving in a horizontal
circle of radius 8 m. If the centripetal force is 40
a) 5 rad/s b) 7 rad/s
N, then the kinetic energy of an object will be
c) 10 rad/s d) 4.9 rad/s
a) 320 J b) 260 J
200. The radius of the circular path of a particle is
c) 220 J d) 160 J
doubled but its frequency of rotation remains
unchanged. If the initial centripetal force be F, 208. A body of mass 2 kg is tied to the end of a string
then the final centripetal force will be 2 m long and revolved in horizontal circle. If the
breaking tension of the string is 400 N, then the
a) 2F b) F
maximum velocity of the body will be
c) 4 F d) F/2
a) 10 m/s b) 30 m/s
201. If a body of mass 500 gm is revolving in a
c) 20 m/s d) 40 m/s
horizontal circle of radius 0.49 m, then the
centripetal force acting on it (if its period is 11 s), 209. A particle of mass 20 kg executing uniform
will be circular motion on a path of radius 4.5 m, if the
30 kg m/s is the magnitude of linear momentum.
a) 0.008 N b) 8.0 N
Then the radial force acting on the particle is
c) 0.8 N d) 0.08 N
a) 40 N b) 20 N
202. The change in the centripetal force of a body
c) 30 N d) 10 N
moving in a circular path, if speed is made half

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 Circular Motion 28
210. A body is tied at the end of a string and whirled c) 1.5 cm d) 1 cm
round in a horizontal circle. At any instant, its 218. A car of mass 1000 kg moves on a circular path
kinetic energy is found to be numerically equal to with constant speed 16 m/s. If it is turned by 90°
the centripetal force acting on it. Then the radius after travelling 628 m on the road, then the
of the circle will be centripetal force acting on the car will be
a) 1/2 m b) 1 m a) 64 N b) 640 N
c) 2 m d) 4 m c) 960 N d) 576 N
211. Two particles of equal masses are revolving in 219. A toy car weighing 1 kg tied at the end of a string
circular paths of radii 2 m and 8 m respectively 1 m long moves in a circle on the ground. What is
with the same period. Then the ratio of their the maximum possible speed of the car if the string
centripetal forces is, has a breaking strength of 9 N ?
a) 8 : 1 b) 2 : 1 a) 9 m/s b) 3 m/s
c) 1 : 4 d) 1 : 1 c) 1.5 m/s d) 0.75 s
212. If the kinetic energy of a particle moving with a 220. A body of mass 1 kg is suspended by a string 1 m
constant speed on a circular path of radius 4 m is long. The body is rotated in a vertical circle with
100 J. Then the centripetal force will be a constant speed of 1 m/s. The tension in the
a) 30 N b) 50 N string when it is at horizontal position wiII be
c) 40 N d) 60 N a) 1 N b) 2 N
213. A coin placed on a rotating table just slips when it c) 3 N d) 4 N
is placed at a distance 4 r from the centre, on 221. A particle of mass 'm' is moving in a horizontal
doubling the angular velocity of the table, the coin circle of radius 'r' under a centripetal force
will just slip now the coin is at a distance from – K/r2, where k is a constant. Then the total
centre is energy of the particle is
a) 4 r b) r/4 a) – K/r b) – K/2r
c) r d) 2 r c) K/2r d) – 2K/r
214. If a body of mass 5 kg is moving in a circle of 222. Two particles of equal masses are revolving in
radius 1 m with an angular velocity 2 rad/s, then circular paths of radii r1 and r2 respectively with
the centripetal force will be the same speed. The ratio of their centripetal
a) 40 N b) 20 N forces is
c) 30 N d) 10 N
r2 r2
215. A stone is tied to one end of a string and rotated a) r b)
in horizontal circle with a uniform angular velocity. 1 r1
The tension in the string is T, if the length of the 2 2
string is halved and its angular velocity is doubled,  r1   r2 
the tension in the string will be c)   d)  
 r2   r1 
a) 4 T b) T/2
223. A string breaks if its tension exceeds 10 newtons.
c) T/4 d) 2 T
A stone of mass 250 gm tied string of length 10
216. A string can withstand a tension of 25 N. What is cm is rotated in a horizontal circle. The maximum
the greatest speed at which a body of mass 1 kg angular velocity of rotation can be
can be whirled in a horizontal circle using 1 m
a) 20 rad/s b) 40 rad/s
length of the string?
c) 100 rad/s d) 200 rad/s
a) 2.5 m/s b) 5 m/s
224. A 500 kg car takes a round turn of radius 50 m
c) 7.5 m/s d) 10 m/s
with a velocity of 36 km/hr. The centripetal force
217. A coin is placed at a distance 9 cm from centre is
on a rotating turn table starts slip. If the angular
a) 250 N b) 750 N
velocity of the turn table is tripled, then the distance
c) 1000 N d) 1200 N
of the coin from the centre will be
225. A ball of mass 0.25 kg attached to the end of a
a) 9 cm b) 3 cm
string of length 1.96 m is moving in a horizontal

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 Circular Motion 29
circle. The string will break, if the tension is more of a piece of string in a horizontal circle of radius
than 25 N. What is the maximum speed with half a meter with a uniform speed of 1 m/s.
which the ball can be moved ? The tension in the string is
a) 14 m/s b) 3 m/s a) 25 × 103 dynes b) 105 dynes
c) 3.92 m/s d) 5 m/s c) 5 × 104 dynes d) 4 × 105 dynes
226. A body of mass 10 kg is moving in a circle of 234. A stone of mass 50 g is tied to the end of a string
radius 1 m with an angular velocity of 2 rad/s. 2 m long and is set into rotation in a horizontal
The centripetal force is circle with a uniform speed of 2 m/s. Then tension
a) 10 N b) 40 N in the string is
c) 30 N d) 20 N a) 0.1 N b) 0.2 N
227. A stone of mass of 16 kg is attached to a string c) 0.4 N d) 0.8 N
144 m long and is whirled in a horizontal circle. 235. A chain of 100 links is 1 m long and has a mass
The maximum velocity of revolution that can be of 2 kg. With the ends fastened together it is set
given to the stone without breaking it, will be rotating at 3000 rpm. Then centripetal force on
(Breaking tension is 16 N) each link is
a) 20 m/s b) 16 m/s a) 3.14 N b) 31.4 N
c) 14 m/s d) 12 m/s c) 314 N d) 3140 N
228. A ball of mass 0.1 kg. is whirled in a horizontal 236. A gramophone disc rotates with a uniform angular
circle of radius 1 m. by means of a string at an velocity of 6 rad/s. A coin of mass 2 gm is placed
initial speed of 10 rpm. Keeping the radius 5 cm from the centre. The centripetal force acting
constant, the tension in the string is reduced to on the coin is
one quarter of its initial value. The new speed is a) 3.6 dynes b) 36 dynes
a) 5 r.p.m b) 10 r.p.m c) 360 dynes d) 3600 dynes
c) 20 r.p.m d) 14 r.p.m 237. A boy is sitting on a horizontal platform of joy
229. If the radius of curvature of the path of two wheel at a distance of 5 m from its centre. The
particles of same masses are in the ratio 1 : 2, joy wheel begins to rotate and when the angular
then in order to have constant centripetal force, speed exceeds 10 revolutions per minute, the boy
their velocity, should be in the ratio of just slips, the coefficient of friction between the
a) 1 : 4 b) 4 : 1 boy and the platform is (g = 10 m/s2)
c) 2 :1 d) 1 : 2 a) 2 /6 b) 2 /18
230. A 500 kg crane takes a turn of radius 50 m with c)  /6 d)  /2.
velocity of 54 km/h. The centripetal force is 238. For a body travelling along a circle of radius 4 m
a) 1200 N b) 2250 N and with a speed of 4 m/s, the force acting on the
c) 750 N d) 250 N body towards the centre is 16 N. If the radius is
231. A particle describes a horizontal circle in a conical 2 m and the speed is 3 m/s, the force towards the
funnel whose inner surface is smooth with speed centre is
of 0.5 m/s. What is the height of the plane of a) 18 N b) 36 N
circle from. vertex of the funnel? c) 9 N d) 27 N
a) 0.25 cm b) 2 cm 239. A body moves along a circle of radius 1 m with a
c) 4 cm d) 2.5 cm constant kinetic energy 25 J. Then force acting
232. The string of pendulum of length I is displaced on it is
through 90° from the vertical and released. Then a) 25 N b) 50 N
the minimum strength of the string in order to c) 10 N d) 5 N
withstand the tension, as the pendulum passes 240. A car is moving with uniform speed along
through the mean posi tion is horizontal, concave and convex shaped roads. The
a) mg b) 3 mg surface of the road on which, the normal reaction
c) 5 mg d) 6 mg on the car is maximum is
233. A stone of mass 1/2 kg is whriled round the end a) horizontal b) concave

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 Circular Motion 30
c) convex d) same on all surfaces a) gravitational force
241. Two particles of masses in the ratio 2 : 1 are b) restoring force.
moving in circular paths of radii in the ratio 3 : 2 c) centripetal force
with time periods in the ratio 2 : 3. The ratio of d) centrifugal force.
their centripetal forces is 248. A car is moving along a horizontal curve road,
a) 9 : 2 b) 27 : 4 the necessary centripetal force is provided by
c) 4 : 3 d) 27 : 16 a) weight of car
242. An automobile moves at constant speed on a road b) nature of road surface
as shown. If RA and RB are the normal forces c) a force of friction between tyre and road
exerted by the road on the automobile when it is surface
at A and B respectively. Then,
d) all of these.
a) RA > RB b) RA < RB
249. On a horizontal curved road, the maximum safe
c) RA = RB d) RA = RB = 0 speed of a vehicle to move along the road without
243. A coin placed on a gramophone record at 100/3 overturning is
rpm flies off when it is placed at a distance greater (where µ is the coefficient of friction)
than 16 cm from the axis of rotation. If the record
is rotating at 200/3 a) v = µ rg b) v = µrg
a) 3 cm b) 4 cm
c) 2cm d) 1 cm µ rg
c) v = d) v =
244. A ball of mass 0.6 kg attached to a light rg µ
inextensible string rotates in a vertical circle of 250. On a horizontal curved road, the skidding or
radius 0.75 m such that it has a speed of 5 ms–1 overturning of a vehicle will occur when
when the string is horizontal. Tension in the string
when it is horizontal on the other side is a) v > µrg
(g = 10 ms–2) b) the radius r is small
a) 30 N b) 26 N c) coefficient of friction µ is small
c) 20 N d) 6 N d) all of these.
245. Four point size metal spheres each of mass 1 kg 251. For the safe driving on unbanked curved road,
are placed on a turn table and are connected by the minimum radius of curved road is
four strings of equal length 1 m to form a square.
If the spheres are rotated with an angular velocity v2
a) r = b) r  v 2 µg
µg
1
rps, the tension in the connecting strings is
 µg
c) r = vµg d) r =
a) 4 N b) 2 N v2
c) 1 N d) 3 N 252. Sometimes the overturning of vehicle on horizontal
246. The 'well of death' in a circus consists of a vertical curved road takes place, it is due to
hollow cylinder of radius 9 m. A motor cyclist a) centripetal force
rides on its wall with sufficient speed to prevent b) centrifugal force
him from sliding down. If coefficient of friction is c) heavy weight of vehicle
0.9, the minimum speed the motor cyclist should
d) all of these
he is ( g = 10 ms–2)
253. If the Radius of the curved road on national
a) 5 ms–1 b) 10 ms–1
highway is R and width of the road is b, then the
c) 15 ms –1
d) 20 ms–1 outer edge of the road will raise over the inner
1.3 Horizontal curve and Banked curved road edge
247. If a car is taking turn along a circular track, then v2  R v2 b
the necessary force required to go round circular a) b)
g R
track will be

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 Circular Motion 31
safe speed
v2 b v
c) d) Rgb c) rough nature of road surface which increases
Rg
the force of friction and causes the wear and
254. Select the wrong statement tears of tyre of vehicle
a) when a car moves along a curved road, the d) can not be predicted
centripetal force changes its direction 261. The maximum speed with which a vehicle can
continuously be safely driven along curved road of radius r,
b) centripetal force is provided by friction banked at angle  is
between the tyres and the surface of the road
c) in absence of friction, the car skids towards
a) rg tan  b) rg tan 
the centre of the curved road
rg
d) banking of road is required to negotiate a sharp c) d) both 'a' and 'b'
turn tan 
255. If a body of mass m is moving along a horizontal 262. A car is moving with maximum speed on a curved
circle of radius R, under the action of centripetal banked road. The statements is/are correct
force equal to K/R2, where K is constant then A) the weight mg of car acting vertically
the kinetic energy of the particle will be downwards is balanced by the vertical component
a) K2R b) K/2R of normal reaction (N cos  )
c) K/R d) K/R3 B) normal reaction N between the car and road
256. An aeroplane is taking a turn in a horizontal plane. acts at right angles to road surface
While doing so, it C) the horizontal component of normal reaction
a) remains horizontal (N sin  ) is directed towards the centre of curve
b) inclines inwards and it provides the necessary centripetal force
c) inclines outwards a) only A b) only C
d) makes wings vertical c) A and C d) A, B, and C
257. A coin is placed on a rotating platform at distance 263. The angle of banking  is
'r' from its axis of rotation. To avoid the skidding A) independent of mass of vehicle
of coin from rotating platform, the maximum B) depending on speed of vehicle
angular velocity  is C) depending on radius of curvature of curved
a) r / µg b) µg / r road.
The correct statement(s) is/are
rg a) A and C b) A, B, and C
c) µrg d) µ
c) only A d) only B
258. The arrangement of keeping outer road surface 264. For a body moving along a circular path, the
inclined with the horizontal by raising its outer condition for no skidding of is
edge, through certain height 'h' than inner edge, mv 2 mv 2
when the road is curved is called as a)  µ mg b)  µ mg
r r
a) turning of roads b) bending of roads
c) banking of roads d) folding of roads mv 2
c)  µ mg d) v  rµ g
259. The angle of inclination with the horizontal is r
a) angle of banking b) banking angle 265. The angle of banking increases when
c) angle of contact d) both 'a' and 'b' a) the radius of circular track decreases
260. Banking of roads at curve is necessary so as to b) the speed of vehicle increases
avoid c) the radius of circular track increases and speed
a) the dependence of centripetal force on the of vehicle decreases
force of friction d) both 'a' and 'b'
b) overturning of vehicle moving with maximum 266. A motor car with a mass m moves with a uniform

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 Circular Motion 32
speed v on a a) 300 N b) 400 N
A) horizontal level bridge c) 800 N d) 250 N
B) convex bridge 272. What will be the maximum speed of a car on a
C) concave bridge curved road of radius 30 m, if the coefficient of
The force exerted by the motor car when it is at friction between the tyres and the road is 0.4 ?
centre of the bridge is (g = 9.8 m/s2)
a) highest in case (A) a) 10.84 m/s b) 9.84 m/s
b) lowest in case (B) and highest in case (C) c) 8.84 m/s d) 6.84 m/s
c) highest in case (B) and lowest in case (C) 273. If a cyclist goes round a circular path of
d) same in three cases circumference 34.3 m in 22 s, then the angle
267. Banking of roads at curve is necessary so as to made by him with the vertical will be
avoid, a) 42° b) 43°
A) overturning of vehicle moving with maximum c) 49° d) 45°
speed 274. The slope of the smooth banked horizontal road
B) the dependence of centripetal force on the is p. If the radius of the curve road is 'r", then the
force of friction maximum velocity with which a car can negotiate
C) rough nature of road surface which increases the curve will be
the force of friction and causes the wear and a) 42o b) 43o
tear of tyres of vehicle c) 49 o
d) 45o
D) skidding of the vehicle. 275. A train has to negotiate a curve of radius 400 m.
The correct statements is/are The speed of the train is 72 km/h. If the distance
a) A and D b) A, B and D between the two rails is 1 m, then the outer rail
c) A, B and C d) B and C will be raised over the inner rail by (g = 10 m/s2)
268. A car is moving along the horizontal banked curved a) 15 cm b) 10 cm
road. At banked curve road, the normal reaction c) 5 cm d) 2.5 cm
is 276. A mass m on a friction less table is attached to a
a) equal to weight hanging mass M by a cord through a hole in the
b) greater than weight table. Then the angular speed with which m must
c) less than weight spin for M to stay at rest will be,
d) less than or equal to weight
269. A car is moving along the horizontal curved road.
Mg mg
Then the normal reaction is a) b)
mr Mr
a) equal to weight
b) greater than weight mr g
c) less than weight c) d)
Mg r
d) less than or equal to weight
270. Keeping the banking angle same, to increase the 277. If a body of mass 1000 gm is tied to free end of
maximum speed with which a vehicle can travel string of length 100 cm and whirled in a horizontal
on the curve road by 10 %, the radius of curvature circle in a second, then the tension in the string
of the road has to be changed from 20 m to will be
a) 16 m b) 18 m a) 4  2 N b) 2  2 N
c) 24.2 m d) 30.5 m c) 3  N
2
d)  2 N
271. A cyclist with combined mass 80 kg going around 278. A coin of 4 g mass is placed at a distance of 2 cm
a curved road with a uniform speed 20 m/s. He from the axis of rotation a disc. If the frequency
of disc is 180 rpm, then the coefficient of friction
has to bend inward by an angle  = tan–1 (0.50)
between the coin at rest and disc will be
with the vertical, then the force of friction between
a) 0.07249 b) 7.249
road surface and tyres will be (g = 10 m/s2)
c) 72.49 d) 0.7250

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 Circular Motion 33
279. What will be the maximum speed of a car when a) 3.8 rad/s b) 2.8 rad/s
it safely driven along a curved road of radius 100 c) 4.8 rad/s d) 5.8 rad/s
m ? ( µ = 0.2) 287. A vehicle moves on a horizontal curved road of
a) 14 m/s b) 12 m/s radius of curvature 50 m, height of centre of
c) 13 m/s d) 11 m/s gravity 1.5 m, the distance between the two
280. A train is moving at 20 m/s on a railway track of wheels 2 m and acceleration due to gravity
radius of curvature 1600 m. If the distance 9.8 m/s2. Then the maximum velocity with which
between two tracks is 1.8 m, then the elevation it can travel on the road will be
of the outer track above the inner track will be a) 18 m/s b) 20 m/s
(g = 10 m/s2) c) 19 m/s d) 17 m/s
a) 0.450 m b) 0.0450 m 288. The height of the centre of gravity of the truck
c) 4.50 m d) 4.0 m above the ground is 1.5 m and the distance
281. A motor cyclist going round on unbanked circular between the wheels is 1.5 m. If the maximum
race course has to lean inwards, making an angle velocity at which a truck can safely travel along
21o 49' with the vertical, in order to keep his the horizontal track without toppling on a curve
balance. If the curve is 1 km long, then the speed of radius 250 m will be
of the cyclist will be, a) 30 m/s b) 35 m/s
(tan 21o 49' = 0.4003' g = 9.8 m/s2) c) 40 m/s d) 45 m/s
a) 15 m/s b) 35 m/s 289. The radius of curvature of a metre gauge railway
c) 25 m/s d) 45 m/s line at a place where the train is moving at 36
282. A motor cyclist rides along a horizontal circle on km/h is 50 m. If there is no side thrust on the
the vertical cylindrical wall of a metal cylinder. rails, then the elevation of the outer rail above
The radius of the cylinder is 10 m. If the speed is the inner rail will be (g = 10 m/s2)
20 m/s and acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s2, a) 5 m b) 2 m
then the least value of the coefficient of friction c) 0.5 m d) 0.2 m
will be, 290. A cyclist is riding with a speed of 27 km/h. As he
a) 0.25 b) 0.45 approaches a circular turn on the road of radius
c) 0.35 d) 0.15 80 m, he applies brakes and reduces his speed at
283. A cyclist turns around a curve at 50 km/h. If it constant rate of 0.5 m/s2. The magnitude of the
rounds the curve to double the speed, its tendency net acceleration of the cyclist is
to overturn would be, a) 0.86 m/s2 b) 0.43 m/s2
a) halved b) tripled c) 1.24 m/s 2
d) 1.76 m/s2
c) doubled d) four times 291. A car is moving with a speed of 10 m/s in a
284. The maximum speed of a car which can be safely concave road of radius 100 m. If the mass of the
driven along a curve of radius 10 m, if the car is 700 kg, then the reaction on the car tyres
coefficient of friction between the tyres and the when it is at the lowest position will be
road is 0.5, is (g = 9.8 m/s2) a) 4560 N b) 5560 N
a) 7 m/s b) 14 m/s c) 6560 N d) 7560 N
c) 49 m/s d) 21 m/s 292. A road is banked with an angle 0.01 radian. If
285. At a curved path of a road, the road bed is raised the radius of the road is 80 m (g = 10 m/s2) then
a little on the side away from the centre of the the safe velocity for the drive will be
curved path, the slope of the road bed is given by a) 4.8 m/s b) 2.8 m/s
the equation. c) 3.8 m/s d) 5.8 m/s
286. A coin kept on a horizontal rotating disc has its 293. The maximum safe speed of a vehicle over a
centre at a distance of 0.25 m from the axis of curved road of radius 150 m is 10 m/s. If the
rotation of the disc. If µ is 0.2, then the angular width of road is 7.5 m, the height of the outer
velocity of the disc at which the coin will slip off, edge will be
(g = 9.8 m/s2) a) 0.25 m b) 0.50 m

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 Circular Motion 34
c) 0.35 m d) 0.60 m the velocity
294. The maximum safe speed of a vehicle on a a) 2.5 m/s b) 4.5 m/s
circular track is 15 krn/h. When the track c) 6.5 m/s d) 8.5 m/s
becomes wet, the maximum safe speed is 10 krn/ 301. A circular road of radius 1000 m has banking angle
h. The ratio of coefficient of friction of dry track 45°. The maximum safe speed of a car having
to that of the wet track is mass 2000 kg will be, if the coefficient of friction
a) 2 : 3 b) 3 : 2 between tyre and road is 0.5
c) 9 : 4 d) 1 : 1 a) 172 m/s b) 124 m/s
295. A curved road of 50 m radius is banked at correct c) 99 m/s d) 86 m/s
angle for a given speed. If the speed is to be 302. An unbanked curve has a radius of 60 m. The
doubled keeping the same banking angle, the maximum speed at which a car can make a turn,
radius of curvature of road should be changed-to if the coefficient of static friction is 0.75, is
a) 25 m b) 100 m a) 2.1 m/s b) 14 m/s
c) 200 m d) 400 m c) 21 m/s d) 7 m/s
296. A motor cycle is travelling on a curved track of 303. A 100 kg car is moving with a maximum velocity
radius 500 m. If the coefficient of friction between of 9 m/s across a circular track of radius 30 m.
the tyres and road is 0.5, then the maximum speed The maximum force of friction between the road
to avoid skidding will be (g = 10 m/s2) and the car is
a) 500 m/s b) 250 m/s a) 1000 N b) 706 N
c) 50 m/s d) 10 m/s c) 270 N d) 200 N
297. When the road is dry and the coefficient of friction 304. The coefficient of friction between the rubber
is µ, the maximum speed of a car in a circular tyres and the roadway is 0.25. Find the maximum
path is 10 m/s. If the road becomes wet and µ' = speed with which a car can be driven round a
µ/2, then the maximum speed permitted will be curve of radius 20 m without skidding
a) 5 m/s b) 10 m/s a) 7 m/s b) 8 m/s
c) 5 2 m/s d) 10 2 m/s c) 9 m/s d) 10 m/s
298. A person stands in contact against a wall of 305. The radius of curvature of railway line at a place
cylindrical drum of radius 'r' rotating with an is 200 m. If the distance between the rail is 1.6 m
angular velocity  . If µ is coefficient of static and the outer rail is raised by 0.08 m above the
fiction between the wall and the person, then the inner rail. The speed of the train for which there
minimum rotational speed which enables the is no side pressure on the rails (g = 10 m/s2)
person to remain stuck to the wall will be a) 5 m/s b) 10 m/s
c) 15 m/s d) 20 m/s
g µr 306. A small ball describes a horizontal circle on the
a) b)
µr g smooth inner surface of a conical funnel. If the
height of the plane of the circle above the vertex
2g gr of the cone is 10 cm, the speed of the particle is
c) d)
µr µ a) 2 m/s b) 1 m/s
299. A car is moving in a horizontal circular track of c) 4 m/s d) 10 m/s
radius 10 m with a constant speed of 10 m/s. A 307. A road is 10 m wide. Its radius of curvature is
bob is suspended from the roof of the car by a 50 m. The outer edge is above the lower edge by
light rigid rod of length 1 m. Then the angle made a 2 m. If g = 10 m/s2 for what velocity of a vehicle
by the rod with the track is (g = 10 m/s2) is the road suited
a) Zero b) 30° a) 2.5 b) 5 m/s
c) 45° d) 60° c) 25 m/s d) 10 m/s
300. A road is 10 m wide. Its radius of curvature is 308. A car is travelling at 36 kmph on a road. The
50 m. The outer edge is above the lower edge by maximum turning radius of the car is 20 m and g
a distance of 1.5 m. This road is most suited for = 10 m/s2, Then the coefficient of friction between

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 Circular Motion 35
its tyres and the road is
l l
a) 0.2 b) 0.4 a)  b) 
g 2g
c) 0.5 d) 0.8
309. At what angle should a road be banked so that
2l l
the vehicle may take a bend of radius 10 m c)  d) 2
travelling with a speed of 10 m/s (g = 10 m/s2) g g
a) 80° b) 45° 316. A pendulum bob on a 2 m string is displaced 60°
c) 60° d) 90° from the vertical and then released. What is the
speed of the bob as it passes through the lowest
1.4 Conical pendulum
point in its path?
310. A simple pendulum of length 1 m, the bob a) 2 m/s b) 9.8 m/s
performs circular motion in horizontal plane if its
string making an angle 60° with the vertical, c) 4.43 m/s d) 1/ 2 m/s
then the period of rotation of the bob will be 317. Length of a simple pendulum is 2 m and mass of
(g = 10 m/s2) its bob is 0.2 kg. If the tension in the string exceeds
a) 2 s b) 1.4 s 4 N, it will break. If g = 10 m/s2 and the bob is
c) 1.98 s d) 4 s whirled in a horizontal plane, the maximum angle
311. In the above problem, the centripetal acceleration through which the sting can make with vertical
experienced by the bob will be during rotation is
a) 17.3 m/s2 b) 5.8 m/s2 a) 30° b) 45°
c) 10 m/s2 d) 5 m/s2 c) 60° d) 90°
312. A car is moving in a horizontal circular track of 318. A particle describes a horizontal circle on the
radius 10 m with a constant speed 10 m/s. If a smooth inner surface of a conical funnel whose
bob is suspended from the roof of the car by light vertex angle is 90°. If the height of the plane of
rigid rod of length 1m, then the angle made by the circle above the vertex is 9.8 em, the speed
the rod with the track will be (g = 10 m/s2) of the particle is
a) zero b) 30° a) 9.8 ms–1 b) 0.98 ms–1
c) 45° d) 60°
c) 19.6 ms–1 d) 4.9 ms–1
313. Each rod of a centrifugal governor is 10 cm long.
Then the number of revolutions per second made 1.5 Vertical circular motion
when the rod inclined at an angle of 60° will be 319. A particle moving in a vertical circle its
(g = 9.8 m/s2)
a) kinetic energy is constant
a) 22 b) 49
b) potential energy is constant
c) 22/49 d) 49/22
c) neither K.E. nor P. E. constant
314. A simple pendulum has a length l. What minimum
d) both kinetic energy and potential energy
velocity should be imparted to its bob at the mean
constant
position so that the bob reaches a height equal to
320. Kinetic energy of a body moving in vertical circle
l above the point of suspension?
is
a) gr b) 5gl a) constant at all points on a circle
b) different at different points on a circle.
l c) zero at all the point on a circle.
c) 2gl d)
g d) negative at all the points.
315. A bob is suspended from an ideal string of length 321. When a particle is moved in a vertical circle it
l. Now it is pulled to a side till the string makes an has
angle 60° to the vertical and whirled along a a) constant radial and tangential acceleration
horizontal circle. Then its period of revolution is b) variable tangential and radial- acceleration
c) only constant radial acceleration

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 Circular Motion 36
d) only constant tangential acceleration 329. The vertical section of a road over the bridge is
322. A motor cyclist rides around the well with a round in the form of circle of radius 15.5 m. What will
vertical wall and does not fall down while riding be the maximum velocity with which a car, whose
because centre of gravity is 0.5 m above the ground can
a) the force of gravity disappears cross the bridge without losing contact with the
b) the frictional force of the wall balances his surface of bridge at the highest point?
weight (g = 9.8 m/s2)
c) he loses weight somehow a) 10.56 m/s b) 12.56 m/s
d) the force exerted by the surrounding c) 14.56 m/s d) 1.256 m/s
323. A pilot of mass 81 kg loops the loop with steady 330. A body rests on the top of a hemisphere of radius
speed of 300 km/h. If the radius is 0.5 km then R. What will be the least horizontal velocity
the force with which the pilot is pressed into the imparted to it, if it has to leave the hemisphere
seat at the highest point of the loop, is without sliding down?
(g = 10 m/s2) a) 2gR b) 5gR
a) 3.15 × 102 N b) zero
c) 8.10 × 102 N d) 19.35 × 102 N c) gR d) 3gR
324. In the above problem, the force exerted by the 331. In a well of death, motor cycle rider drives round
seat on the pilot at lowest point is, the inner wall of a hollow cylindrical chamber. If
a) zero b) 1.25 × 103 N the radius of the 'cylindrical chamber is 8 m. What
c) 8.10 × 102 N d) 19.35 × 102 N would be minimum speed of the rider to prevent
325. If the section of a bridge on a river is an arc of a him from sliding down? (g = 10 m/s2, µ = 0.2)
circle of radius 88.2 m, then the maximum speed a) 10 m/s b) 20 m/s
with which a car can travel over the bridge c) 30 m/s d) 40 m/s
without losing contact with the ground level will 332. If a body of mass 0.1 kg tied with a string of
be length 1 m, is rotated in vertical circle, then the
a) 29.4 m/s b) 9 m/s energy of the body at the highest position will be
c) 81 m/s d) 18 m/s (g = 9.8 m/s2)
326. A cane filled with water is revolving in a vertical a) 2.45 J b) 1.25 J
circle of radius 4 m and the water does not fall c) 3.45 J d) 4.45 J
down. Then the maximum time period of 333. A bucket full of water is tied at the end of rope of
revolution will be length 1.6 m. It is rotated in vertical circle with
a) 1 s b) 10 s constant speed around the other end.
c) 8 s d) 4 s What should be the minimum speed of bucket so
327. A motor cyclist rides in a hollow sphere in a that water does not spill out at the highest position
vertical circle of radius 30 m. What will be the of the circle?
minimum speed required so that he does not lose a) 16 m/s b) 4 m/s
contact with the surface of sphere at the highest c) 8 m/s d) 2 m/s
point? (g = 10 m/s2)
334. A small body of mass m slides without friction
a) 5.442 km/s b) 17.422 cm/s from the top of a hemispherical cup of radius r as
c) 17.32 m/s d) 54.22 m/s shown in figure. If it leaves the surface to the
328. In a cylindrical well of death, a motor cyclist rides cup at vertical distance h below the highest point
around the inner wall in horizontal circles. If the then
diameter of well of death is 18 m, then the a) h = r b) h = r/2
minimum speed of cyclist, so as to prevent him c) h = r/3 d) 2r/3
from sliding down will be
335. A body of mass 2 kg attached to a cord and
(u = 0.8 and g = 10 m/s2) whirled in a vertical circle of radius 2 m.
a) 1.06 m/s b) 10.6 km/s The minimum speed at the bottom of the circle
c) 0.106 m/s d) 10.6 m/s so that the cord will not slacken when the body

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 Circular Motion 37
rounds the top of the circle will be (g = 10 m/s2)
a) u 2  2gL b) 2gL
a) 10 m/s b) 6.3 m/s
c) 7 m/s d) 5 m/s c) u 2  gL d) 2(u 2  gL)
336. A body of mass 0.5 kg is whirled in a vertical
circle an angular frequency of 10 rad/s. If the 342. The ratio of velocities at points A, B and C in
radius of the circle is 0.5 m. What is the tension vertical circular motion is
in the string when the body is at the top of the a) 1 : 9 : 25 b) 1 : 2 : 3
circle? c) 1 : 3 : 5 d) 1 : 3 : 5
(Given g = 10 m/s2)
343. A can filled with water is revolved in vertical circle
a) 10 N b) 20 N of radius 16 m and water just does not fall down.
c) 30 N d) 40 N The time period of revolution will be
337. A boy is seated on the top of a hemispherical a) 1 s b) 10 s
mound of ice of radius R. He is given a little push, c) 4 s d) 8 s
and starts sliding down the ice. If ice is frictionless,
344. An object of mass 2 kg is whirled round in a
the boy will leave the ice at a point whose height
vertical circle of radius 1m with a constant speed
is
of 4 m/s. Then the maximum tension in the string
3R 2R is (g = 10 m/s2)
a) b) a) 32 N b) 52 N
4 3
c) 72 N d) 92 N
2R R 345. A small particle rests on the top of a hemisphere
c) d)
3 3 of radius 20 cm. The smallest horizontal velocity
338. A body of mass m is on the top point of a smooth os given to it, if it is to leave the hemisphere
hemisphere of radius 5 m It is released to slide without sliding down to its surface, is
down the surface of the hemisphere. It leaves a) 0.7 m/s b) 1.4 m/s
the surface when its velocity is 5 m/s. At this c) 2.8 m/s d) 5.6 m/s
instant the angle made by the radius vector of 346. A mass of 2 kg tied to a string 1 m length is rotated
the body with the vertical is (g = 10 m/s2) in a vertical circle with a uniform speed of 4 m/s.
a) 30° b) 45° The tension in the string will be 52N, when the
c) 60° d) 90° mass is at (g = 10 m/s2)
339. A body of mass 4 kg is moved in a vertical circle a) bottom b) highest point
with sufficient speed. Its tangential acceleration, c) midway d) horizontal position
when the string makes an angle of 30° with the 347. A particle performs vertical circular motion along
vertical downward is (g = 10 m/s2) the circular path. If the ratio of kinetic energy to
a) 4 m/s2 b) 5 m/s2 potential energy of a particle at any position is (If
c) 8 m/s2 d) 7.8 m/s the particle makes an angle e with vertical at the
340. The pilot of an aircraft, who is not tied to his seat, position.)
can loop a vertical circle in air without falling out
3  2cos  1(3  2cos )
at the top of the loop. What is the minimum speed a) b) 2(1  cos )
required so that he can successfully negotiate a 1  cos 
loop of radius 4 km ? (g = 10 m/s2)
1  cos  1  cos 
a) 100 m/s b) 200 m/s c) d)
3  2cos  3  2cos 
c) 300 m/s d) 400 m/s
341. A stone is tied to a string of length L and is whirled 348. A body of mass m tied to a string of length r is at
in a vertical circle with the other end of the string its lowest position. What should be the minimum
at the centre. At a certain instant of time, the speed given to it so as just to complete one
stone is at its lowest position and has a speed u. revolution?
The magnitude of change in velocity as it reaches a) gr b) 3gr
a horizontal position where the string is

PHYSICS - MHT-CET Nikita Publication Pvt. Ltd.

 Circular Motion 38
complete the circle will be
c) 5gr d) 7gr
a) 17.7 m/s b) 10.2 m/s
349. A mass m is hanging by a string of length l. The c) 12.4 d) 16.0 m/s
velocity v0 which must be imparted to it to just
356. A particle is kept at rest at the top of a sphere of
reach the top is
diameter 42 m. When disturbed slightly, it slides
a) 3gl b) 4gl down. At what height 'h' from the bottom, the
particle will leave the sphere
c) 5gl d) 6gl a) 14 m b) 28 m
350. In a 'well of death' a rider drives round the inner c) 35 m d) 7 m
wall of a hollow cylindrical chamber of diameter 357. A bucket full of water is revolved in vertical circle
20 m. If the coefficient of force of friction of radius 2m. What should be the maximum time-
between tyres and inner wall of a hollow cylinder period of revolution so that the water doesn't fall
is 0.5, then the minimum speed of the rider without off the bucket
sliding down will be a) 1 s b) 2 s
a) 7 m/s b) 14 m/s c) 3 s d) 4 s
c) 2 7 m/s d) 7 2 m/s 358. A body of mass m rotated along a verticIe circle
with the help of a light string such that velocity of
351. A sphere is suspended by a thread of length l.
the body at any point is critical. If T 1 and T2 are
What minimum horizontal velocity has to be
tensions in the string when the body is crossing
imparted the ball for it to reach the height of the
the highest and lowest points of the vertical circle
suspension
respectively, then
a) g l b) 2 g l
a) T2 – T1 = 6 mg b) T2 – T1 = 4 mg
c) gl d) 2gl c) T2 – T1 = 3 mg d) T2 – T1 = 2 mg
352. A 1 kg stone at the end of 1 m long string is whirled 359. A body of mass m is revolving along a vertical
in a vertical circle at constant speed of 4 m/s. circle of radius r such that the sum of its kinetic
The tension in the string is 6 N, when the stone is energy and potential energy is constant. If the
at (g = 10 m/s2) speed of the body at the highest point is 2rg
a) top of the circle b) bottom of the circIe then the speed of the body at the lowest point is
c) half way down d) none of the above
353. A body of mass m hangs at one end of a string of a) 4gr b) 6gr
length l, the other end of which is fixed. It is given
c) 2gr d) gr
a horizontal velocity so that the string would just
reach where it makes an angle of 60° with the 360. A body of mass m is rotating in a vertical circle
vertical. The tension in the string at mean position of diameter '2r', with critical speed. The
is difference in its kinetic energy at the highest and
a) 2 mg b) mg lowest points on the verticIe circle is .
a) mgr b) 3 mgr
c) 3 mg d) 3 mg c) 2 mgr d) 4 mgr
354. The tension in the string revolving in a vertical 361. A body of mass 'm' is rotated by means of a string
circle with a mass m at the end which is at the along a vertical circle of radius 'r' with constant
lowest position speed. The difference in tensions when the body
mv 2 mv 2 is at the bottom and at the top of the vertical circle
a) b)  mg is
r r
a) 6 mg b) 4 mg
mv 2 c) 2 mg d) zero
c)  mg d) mg
r 362. A stone of mass 1kg tied at the end of a string of
355. A hollow sphere has radius 6.4 m. Minimum 1.6 Kinematical equations length 1 m and is
velocity required by a motor cyclist at bottom to whirled in a vertical circle at a constant speed of

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 Circular Motion 39
3 ms–1. The tension in the string will be 19 N 368. A wheel is subjected to uniform angular
when the stone is (g = 10 ms–2) acceleration about its axis with its angular velocity
a) at the top most point on the vertical circle is zero. In the first two seconds, it rotates through
b) at the bottom most point on the vertical circle an angle 81 and in the next two seconds it rotates
c) half way down through an angle 82, then the ratio of
d) making an angle 30° with the vertical a) 1 : 1 b) 2 : 1
363. When a ball tied to a string is swung along a c) 3 : 1 d) 4 : 1
vertical circle, quantity which remains constant 369. A wheel which is initially at rest is subjected to
is an angular acceleration and it completes 10
a) tension in the string rotations in time 't'. Then the time taken by it to
complete the next 10 rotations is
b) speed of the ball
c) centripetal force a) 2 t b) 2 t
d) earth's pull on the ball c) ( 2 – 1) t d) ( 2 + 1) t
364. A simple pendulum of mass m swings with an
370. The angular velocity of a particle increases from
angular amplitude of 60° when its angular
O to  as it completes x rotations. Then number
displacement is 30°, The tension in the string is
of rotations completed by it when its angular
velocity becomes 2  .
1 a) x b) 2x
a) mg (3 3 – 2) N
2 c) 3x d) 4x
371. The shaft of a motor car rotates at constant
b) mg (2 3 – 2) N
angular frequency of 3000 revolutions/min. The
c) mg (3 3 – 2) N angle through which it has turned in one second
in radians is
d) 2 mg (3 3 – 2) N a) 100  b) 50 
365. A ball of mass 100 g released down an inclined c) 25  d) 125 
plane describes a circle of radius 10 cm in the 372. A simple pendulum is suspended from the ceiling
vertical plane on reaching the bottom of the of a train which is moving with an acceleration a.
inclined plane. The minimum height of the incline The angle of inclination of the pendulum from
is the vertical will be
a) 25 cm b) 15 cm a) 90° b) 0°
c) 30 cm d) 10 cm
a g
366. A frictionless track ABCDE ends in a circular c) tan–1   d) tan–1  
loop of radius 'r'. A body slides down the track g a
from the point 'A' which is at a height h = 10 cm. 373. A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed
The maximum value of 'r' for the body to of 10 m/s in a time of 5 s. The number of
successfully complete the loop is revolutions made by one of its wheels during this
a) 2 cm b) 1 cm motion if the radius of the wheel is 1/  m.
c) 4 cm d) 6 cm a) 50 b) 25
1.6 Kinematical equations c) 12.5 d) 6.25
374. A wheel starts from rest and acquires an angular
367. The kinematical equations of motion are applied velocity of 60 rad/s in half a minute. Then its
to solve the problems of circular motion, because angular acceleration is
of
a) 4 rad/s2 b) 2 rad/s2
a) the acceleration is non uniform
c) 1 rad/s2 d) 0.5 rad/s2
b) the acceleration is uniform
375. The wheel of a car makes 10 rev/s. It is stopped
c) the acceleration and velocity are uniform in 14 s. Then the number of revolutions it makes
d) the motion is circular before it stops

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 Circular Motion 40
a) 10 b) 20 kinetic energy at the top and bototom of the
c) 40 d) 70 circle? (g = 10 m/s2)
376. A flywheel is revolving at 150 revolutions per a) 10 J b) 30 J
minute. If it deccelerates at a constant rate of 2n c) 20 J d) 50 J
rad/s2, then time required to stop it is 385. A body starts rotating from rest and completes
a) 10 s b) 5 s 10 revolutions in 4 s. Find its angular acceleration
c) 2.5 s d) 1.25 s a) 2.5 n rad/s2 b) 5  rad/s2
377. In 20 seconds, the speed of a motor changes from c) 7.5 n rad/s2 d) 10  rad/s2
1200 rpm to 1800 rpm. In this period, of number 386. The car of a wheel rotating with certain angular
of revolutions completed by it is velocity is stopped in 7 seconds and before it stops,
a) 500 b) 400 it makes 35 revolutions. Then initially it was
c) 200 d) 100 rotating with the frequency.
378. A car wheel 60 cm in diameter is turning at 8 a) 10 Hz b) 20 Hz
revolutions per second. When the car begins to c) 15 Hz d) 30 Hz
slow uniformly to rest in a time of 14 seconds. 387. A pendulum consisting of a small sphere of mass
Distance travelled by the car in this time is m, suspended by a inextensible and massless
a) 211.2 m b) 105.6 m string of length 1, is made to swing in a vertical
c) 52.8 m d) 422.4 m plane. If the breaking strength of the string is 2
379. An automobile engine starting from rest is given mg, then the maximum angular ampli tude of the
an angular acceleration of 20 rad/s2 for 10 s. Find displacement from the vertical can be
the angle turned during this period a) 90° b) 60°
a) 10 rad b) 100 rad c) 30° d) 0°
c) 1000 rad d) 0.1 rad Questions given in MHT-CET
380. Two identical particles A and B are situated
respectively at the midpoint and at the end of a 388. If cycle wheel of radius 0.4 m completes one
string. The particles always remain collinear and revolution in one second, then acceleration of the
move in concentric circles. The ratio of the cycle is
tensions T1 and T2 will be a) 0.4  m/s2 b) 0.8  m/s2
a) 1 : 1 b) 1 : 3 c) 0.4  2 m/s2 d) 1.6  2 m/s2
c) 2 : 3 d) 3 : 2 389. What will be the maximum speed of a car on a
381. A car is moving with speed 30 m/s on a circular road turn of radius 30 m, if the coefficient of
path of radius 500 m. Its speed is increasing at friction between the tyres and the road is 0.4 ?
the rate of 2 m/s2. Then acceleration of the car (Take g = 9.8 m/s2)
is. a) 10.84 m/s b) 9.84 m/s
a) 2 m/s2 b) 2.7 m/s2 c) 8.84 m/s d) 6.84 m/s
c) 1.8 m/s2 d) 9.8 m/s2 390. A cyclist goes round a circular path of
382. Initial angular velocity of a wheel is 2 rad/s. It circumference 34.3 m in 22 s. The angle made
rotates with a constant angular acceleration of by him, with the vertical, is
3.5 rad/s2. Its angular displacement in 2 s is a) 42° b) 43°
a) 4 rad b) 7 rad c) 44° d) 45°
c) 8 rad d) 11 rad 391. The angular velocity of a wheel is 70 rad/s. If the
383. The angular velocity of a wheel increases from radius of the wheel is 0.5 m, then linear velocity
120 to 480 rpm in 10 s. The number of revolutions of the wheel is
made during this time is a) 10 m/s b) 20 m/s
a) 10 b) 25 c) 35 m/s d) 70 m/s
c) 50 d) 100 392. A van is moving with a speed of 108 km/h on
384. A body of mass 1 kg is rotating in a vertical circle level road where coefficient of friction between
of radius 1 m. What will be the difference in its tyres and rod is 0.5. For the safe driving of van

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 Circular Motion 41
the minimum radius of curvature of the rod will horizontal velocity that should be given to the bob
be (g = 10 m/s2) at the bottom so that it completes on revolution is
a) 80 m b) 40 m
a) lg b) 2l g
c) 180 m d) 20 m
393. A metal sphere of mass 0.2 kg is attached to an c) 3l g d) 5l g
inextensible string of length 130 em whose upper
401. A wheel of diameter 20 cm is rotating at 600 rpm.
end is fixed to the rigid support. If the sphere is
The linear velocity of particle at its rim is
made to describe a horizontal circle of radius
a) 6.28 cm/s b) 62.8 cm/s
50 cm, the time for its one revolution is near about
c) 0.628 cm/s d) 628.4 cm/s
a) 1.2 s b) 2.2 s
402. Centripetal force in vector from can be expressed
c) 1.5 s d) 3 s
as
394. A fighter aeroplane flying in the sky dives with a
speed of 360 krn/h in a vertical circle of radius  mv 2  mv 2 
a) 
F b) F   r
200 m. Weight of the pilot sitting in it is 75 kg. r r
What will be the value of force with which the 
  mv 2 r
pilot presses his seat when the aeroplane is at
c) F   m2 r  d) F   
highest position? (g = 10 m/s2) r
a) 3000 N b) 4500 N 403. The banking angle is independent of
c) (75 × g) N d) 300 N a) velocity of vehicle
395. A mass of 5 kg is tied to a string of length 1.0m is b) mass of vehicle
rotated in vertical circle with a uniform speed of c) radius of curvature of road
4 m/s. The tension in the string will be 170N when d) height of inclination
the mass is at (g = 10 m/s2) 404. Angular velocity of an hour hand of a watch is
a) highest point b) mid way
c) bottom d) cannot be justified  
a) rad/s b) rad/s
396. A car is moving with speed 30 m/s on a circular 43200 21600
path of radius 500 m. Its speed is increasing at  
the rate of 2 m/s2. The acceleration of the car is c) rad/s d) rad/s
30 1800
a) 9.8 m/s2 b) 1.8 m/s2
405. When a vehicle is moving along the horizontal
c) 2 m/s2 d) 2.7 m/s2
curve road, centripetal force is provided by
397. The ratio of angular speed of minute hand and
a) vertical component of normal reaction
hour hand of a watch is
b) horizontal component of normal reaction
a) 6 : 1 b) 1 : 6
c) frictional force between road surface and tyres
c) 1 : 12 d) 12 : 1
d) all of these
398. When particle revolves with uniform speed on a
circular path 406. A body of mass m performing UCM with
frequency n along the circumference of circle
a) no force acts on it
having radius r, force is given by
b) no acceleration acts on it
a) 4  n m2 b) 4  2n2 mr
c) no work is done by it
c)  2n2 mr d) 1/2  n m2
d) its velocity is constant
407. Maximum safe speed does not depend upon,
399. A car of mass 800 kg moves on a circular track
a) radius of curvature
of radius 40 m. If the coefficient of friction is 0.5,
then maximum velocity with which the car can b) angle of inclination with the horizontal
move is c) mass of the vehicle
a) 7 m/s b) 14 m/s d) acceleration due to gravity
c) 8 m/s d) 12 m/s 408. A car is moving along a horizontal curve of radius
400. A simple pendulum of mass m and length l stands 20 m, and coefficient of friction between the road
in equilibrium in vertical position. The maximum and wheels of the car is 0.25. If acceleration due

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 Circular Motion 42
to gravity is 9.8 m/s2, then its maximum speed is
vt 2vt
a) 3 m/s b) 5 m/s a) b)
d d
c) 7 m/s d) 9 m/s
409. If a particle moves with uniform speed its tangntial vt d
c) d)
acceleration will be 2d vt
a) v2 / r b) r  2 416. An object of mass M is tied to a string of l and
c) zero d) infinite revolve in a horizontal circle. If length is reduced
410. Tension of a string is 6.4 N and load is applied to by 1/2, then period is
it at its lower end of a string is 0.1 kg. If the a) T/ 2 b) 2 2 T
length of string is 6 m, then its angular velocity
c) T/4 d) 2 T
will be
417. The difference between angular speed of minute
a) 3 rad/s b) 4 rad/s
hand and second hand of a clock is
c) 2 rad/s d) 1 rad/s
411. An electron revolve round the nucleous with the 59 59
a) rad / s b) rad / s
radius of the circular orbit is 'r'. To double the 900 1800
kinetic energy of the electron its orbital radius
will be 59 59
c) rad / s d) rad / s
2400 3600
a) v / 2 b) 2 r
418. A particle of mass 'm' is moving in circular path
c) 2r d) r/2 of constant radius 'r' such that centripetal
412. A body performing uniform circular motion has acceleration is varying with time 't' as K2rt2 where
a) constant velocity K is a constant. The power delivered to the
b) constant acceleration particle by the force acting on it is
c) constant kinetic energy a) m2K2r2t2 b) mK2r2t
d) constant displacement c) mK2rt2 d) mKr2t
413. A motorcycle is going on an over bridge of radius 419. A toy cart is tied to the end of an unstretched
R. The driver maintains a constant speed. As the string of length 'l'. When revolved, the toy cart
motorcycle is ascending on the over bridge, the moves in horizontal circle with radius '2 l' and
normal force on it time period T. If it is speeded until it moves in
a) increases b) decreases horizontal circle of radius '3 l' with period Tl,
c) remains the same d) fluctuates relation between T and Tl is (Hooke's law is
414. If a particle is moving in a circular path of radius obeyed)
'r' with a uniform speed v, then the angle described 2 3
by it in one second will be a) T1 = T b) T1 = T
3 2
a) v r b) 1/vr
c) v/r d) v/r2 2 3
415. A particle performing circular motion with its c) T1 = T d) T1 = T
3 2
diameter d and velocity v. Then the angular
displacement of the particle in time t is 

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