Digital Logic Design

Q. 1 Which of these is a fundamental building block for digital systems?

A. Transistor
B. Resistor
C. Inductor
D. Diode

Answer: A. Transistor

Q. 2 Which gate produces a HIGH output only when both of its inputs are LOW?
A. AND
B. OR
C. NAND
D. NOR

Answer: D. NOR

Q. 3 How many bits are there in a byte?

A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
D. 16

Answer: C. 8

In boolean algebra, which of the following represents the logical AND

Q. 4
operation?
A. +
B. –
C. /
D. .

Answer: D. .

Q. 5 What does the acronym ‘ROM’ stand for?

A. Random Operation Memory
B. Read Only Memory
C. Read Output Memory
D. Random Optical Memory

Answer: B. Read Only Memory

Q. 6 Which logic gate has the property:A⊕B=AB+AB?

A. XOR
B. XNOR
C. AND
D. NOR

Answer: A. XOR

Q. 7 Which of the following is a non-volatile memory?

A. RAM
B. ROM
C. DRAM
D. SRAM

Answer: B. ROM

Q. 8 Which gate is known as a universal gate?

A. AND
B. OR
C. NOT
D. NAND

Answer: D. NAND

Q. 9 How many input combinations are there for a 3-bit binary number?
A. 3
B. 6
C. 8
D. 16

Answer: C. 8

Q. 10 Which of these is a synchronous sequential logic device?

A. Multiplexer
B. Decoder
C. Flip-Flop
D. Demultiplexer

Answer: C. Flip-Flop

Q. 11 A binary system uses how many digits?

 A. 1
B. 2
C. 8
D. 10

Answer: B. 2

Which device selects one of several input signals and forwards the selected input
Q. 12
into a single line?
A. Encoder
B. Decoder
C. Multiplexer
D. Flip-Flop

Answer: C. Multiplexer

Q. 13 The binary number ‘101’ is equivalent to what decimal number?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6

Answer: C. 5

Q. 14 What does the acronym ‘ALU’ stand for in digital electronics?

A. Arithmetic Logic Unit
B. Automatic Logic Unit
C. Analog Logic Unit
D. Arithmetic Linear Unit

Answer: A. Arithmetic Logic Unit

Q. 15 Which of the following is a universal gate?

A. OR
B. AND
C. NOR
D. XOR

Answer: C. NOR

Q. 16 The OR operation can be represented in Boolean Algebra by which symbol?

A. –
B. +
C. /
D. x
 Answer: B. +

Which of the following logic gates produces a HIGH output when all its inputs
Q. 17
are LOW?
A. OR
B. AND
C. NOT
D. NOR

Answer: D. NOR

Which of the following is used primarily to enhance the memory size of the
Q. 18
digital system?
A. Cache memory
B. Virtual memory
C. Secondary memory
D. Primary memory

Answer: B. Virtual memory

Q. 19 Which Boolean identity states A+AB=A?

A. Dominance law
B. Identity law
C. Null law
D. Absorption law

Answer: D. Absorption law

Q. 20 Which of the following is a combinational logic device?

A. Decoder
B. Flip-flop
C. Latch
D. Memory unit

Answer: A. Decoder

Q. 21 Which gate would output a LOW only when both inputs are HIGH?
A. OR
B. AND
C. NAND
D. NOR

Answer: C. NAND

Q. 22 What is the maximum number of outputs in a decoder with 3 input lines?

A. 3
 B. 6
C. 8
D. 16

Answer: C. 8

Q. 23 Which flip-flop is known for having an indeterminate state?

A. JK flip-flop
B. RS flip-flop
C. D flip-flop
D. T flip-flop

Answer: B. RS flip-flop

Q. 24 How many possible states are there in a 4-bit system?

A. 4
B. 8
C. 12
D. 16

Answer: D. 16

Q. 25 Which logic family uses only NPN transistors?

A. TTL
B. CMOS
C. ECL
D. NMOS

Answer: A. TTL

Q. 26 What is the complement of the binary number 1101?

A. 0010
B. 1101
C. 0011
D. 1100

Answer: A. 0010

Q. 27 What is the 2’s complement of the binary number 1101?

A. 0011
B. 1101
C. 0010
D. 1100

Answer: A. 0011
 Which gate is equivalent to a combination of an OR gate followed by a NOT
Q. 28
gate?
A. AND
B. OR
C. NAND
D. NOR

Answer: D. NOR

Q. 29 Which operation is performed by a half adder?

A. Addition of two 1-bit numbers
B. Subtraction of two 1-bit numbers
C. Addition of two 2-bit numbers
D. Multiplication of two 1-bit numbers

Answer: A. Addition of two 1-bit numbers

Which logic gate will produce a HIGH output only when its two inputs are
Q. 30
different?
A. AND
B. OR
C. NOR
D. XOR

Answer: D. XOR

Q. 31 What does a demultiplexer do?

A. Takes one input line and selects one out of several outputs
B. Combines several inputs into one output
C. Converts analog signals into digital signals
D. Decodes binary into decimal numbers

Answer: A. Takes one input line and selects one out of several outputs

Q. 32 Which logic operation is performed by a NOT gate?

A. AND
B. OR
C. Inversion
D. NAND

Answer: C. Inversion

Q. 33 A latch is a type of:

A. Combinational circuit
B. Sequential circuit
C. Oscillator
 D. Modulator

Answer: B. Sequential circuit

Q. 34 Which of the following is the smallest memory size?

A. Gigabyte
B. Megabyte
C. Terabyte
D. Kilobyte

Answer: D. Kilobyte

Q. 35 Which gate produces a HIGH output when one or more of its inputs are HIGH?
A. AND
B. OR
C. NOT
D. NAND

Answer: B. OR

Q. 36 What is the basic storage element in sequential logic?

A. Logic gates
B. Multiplexers
C. Flip-flops
D. Encoders

Answer: C. Flip-flops

Q. 37 Which of the following is not a type of flip-flop?

A. J-K flip-flop
B. T flip-flop
C. X-Y flip-flop
D. D flip-flop

Answer: C. X-Y flip-flop

Q. 38 In Boolean algebra, which of the following is an identity for ‘0’?

A. A + 0 = 0
B. A + 0 = A
C. A . 0 = A
D. A . 0 = 0

Answer: B. A + 0 = A

Q. 39 Which of the following best describes the main function of a multiplexer?

A. Distributing one input signal to multiple outputs
 B. Combining multiple input signals into one output
C. Selecting one of many input signals to forward to a single output
D. Inverting the input signal

Answer: C. Selecting one of many input signals to forward to a single output

Q. 40 In a Karnaugh map, what does the grouping of cells represent?

A. Logical OR operation
B. Logical AND operation
C. Minimized logical expression
D. Maximized logical function

Answer: C. Minimized logical expression

Q. 41 For a JK flip-flop, when J=0 and K=1, what will the output be?
A. Set
B. Reset
C. No change
D. Toggle

Answer: B. Reset

Which of the following gates would you use to ensure a signal can only pass
Q. 42
through when accompanied by a control signal?
A. XOR
B. AND
C. OR
D. NOR

Answer: B. AND

In a digital logic scenario, why is debounce important when dealing with buttons
Q. 43
or switches?
A. To ensure signals pass through faster
B. To filter out unintended fluctuations in the signal
C. To amplify the signal
D. To convert analog signal to digital

Answer: B. To filter out unintended fluctuations in the signal

Why are edge-triggered flip-flops generally preferred over level-triggered flip-

Q. 44
flops in digital circuits?
A. They’re simpler in design.
B. They react only to changes in the clock signal, not its sustained value.
C. They consume less power.
D. They’re cheaper to produce.
 Answer: B. They react only to changes in the clock signal, not its sustained
value.

Which of the following is an advantage of using CMOS technology in digital

Q. 45
design?
A. Faster switching speed
B. Lower power consumption
C. Higher noise margin
D. Built-in amplification

Answer: B. Lower power consumption

Q. 46 How does a full adder differ from a half adder?

A. A full adder can add three bits, while a half adder can only add two.
B. A full adder has more outputs.
C. A half adder can handle carry input, while a full adder cannot.
D. A full adder is only used in subtraction operations.

Answer: A. A full adder can add three bits, while a half adder can only add two.

Q. 47 In a 3-to-8 decoder, how many output lines will be activated for a given input?
A. 1
B. 3
C. 8
D. It depends on the input value.

Answer: A. 1

Q. 48 What role does a D flip-flop typically serve in digital circuits?

A. Data storage or memory
B. Logical comparison
C. Signal amplification
D. Signal distribution

Answer: A. Data storage or memory

Q. 49 Which Boolean algebra property states that A + A’ = 1?

A. Idempotent law
B. Complement law
C. Distributive law
D. Commutative law

Answer: B. Complement law

 What is the primary advantage of synchronous counters over asynchronous
Q. 50
counters?
A. They can count in both ascending and descending order.
B. They’re simpler to design.
C. They offer more consistent timing.
D. They can handle larger numbers.

Answer: C. They offer more consistent timing.

Q. 51 Why are Gray codes used in some digital systems?

A. They offer error-checking capabilities.
B. Only one bit changes between consecutive values.
C. They can represent negative values.
D. They reduce power consumption.

Answer: B. Only one bit changes between consecutive values.

Which logic family is known for its high-speed operation but consumes more
Q. 52
power?
A. CMOS
B. TTL
C. ECL
D. DTL

Answer: C. ECL

Q. 53 Why are shift registers useful in digital systems?

A. They amplify input signals.
B. They help in the parallel-to-serial conversion of data.
C. They can act as a logic gate.
D. They store multiple bits of data in a single cell.

Answer: B. They help in the parallel-to-serial conversion of data.

Which device would you use to increase the number of bits in a digital word by
Q. 54
adding zeros?
A. Decoder
B. Zero suppressor
C. Zero filler
D. Zero adder

Answer: C. Zero filler

Q. 55 In a digital system, what does “propagation delay” refer to?

A. The time taken for a signal to travel from the input to the output of a device.
B. The delay introduced by a weak battery.
 C. The time it takes for a signal to propagate across a network.
D. The delay in data processing due to software inefficiencies.

Answer: A. The time taken for a signal to travel from the input to the output of a
device.

Q. 56 Which of the following scenarios would most likely require a latch?

A. When you need to temporarily store a value based on certain conditions.
B. When you need to add two binary numbers.
C. When you need to invert a digital signal.
D. When you need to convert a signal from analog to digital.

Answer: A. When you need to temporarily store a value based on certain

conditions.

Q. 57 In terms of digital design, what is meant by “fan-out”?

A. The number of logic gates an output signal can reliably drive.
B. The process by which signals are spread out across a circuit.
C. The magnification of a signal’s amplitude.
D. The divergence of a signal into multiple pathways.

Answer: A. The number of logic gates an output signal can reliably drive.

Q. 58 Why might one use a “pull-up” or “pull-down” resistor in a digital circuit?

A. To filter out noise in analog signals.
B. To ensure a well-defined voltage level during inactive states.
C. To increase the signal strength.
D. To modulate the frequency of a signal.

Answer: B. To ensure a well-defined voltage level during inactive states.

When an unknown logic gate receives a ‘0’ input and always outputs ‘1’, which
Q. 59
gate could it be?
A. AND
B. OR
C. NOT
D. NAND

Answer: D. NAND

Q. 60 Which of the following statements best defines a ‘race condition’?

A. A condition where signals race to reach a destination.
B. A scenario in asynchronous circuits where outputs depend on the sequence of
changing inputs.
C. A speed test between two different logic families.
D. A scenario where a signal is attenuated due to long travel distances.
 Answer: B. A scenario in asynchronous circuits where outputs depend on the
sequence of changing inputs.

Which of the following devices is best suited to distribute a single input to one of
Q. 61
many possible outputs?
A. Encoder
B. Multiplexer
C. Decoder
D. Demultiplexer

Answer: D. Demultiplexer

In a BCD (Binary-Coded Decimal) system, what does the binary value ‘1010’
Q. 62
represent?
A. A valid BCD value
B. The decimal number 10
C. An error or invalid BCD value
D. The decimal number 5

Answer: C. An error or invalid BCD value

What is the main advantage of using a ‘Mealy’ state machine over a ‘Moore’
Q. 63
state machine?
A. It requires fewer states for the same functionality.
B. Its output depends only on the current state.
C. Its output depends on both the current state and input.
D. It’s more power-efficient.

Answer: C. Its output depends on both the current state and input.

Q. 64 Why are ‘Schmitt triggers’ used in digital circuits?

A. To act as a memory storage device.
B. To ensure faster operation of logic gates.
C. To provide hysteresis and reduce signal noise.
D. To amplify weak signals.

Answer: C. To provide hysteresis and reduce signal noise.

When considering metastability in digital systems, which of the following is the

Q. 65
primary concern?
A. Power consumption
B. Undefined output states
C. Gate fan-out limitations
D. Frequency modulation
 Answer: B. Undefined output states

Q. 66 Which device is essential for sequencing operations in most digital systems?

A. Multiplexer
B. Clock
C. Decoder
D. Flip-flop

Answer: B. Clock

Q. 67 In an SR flip-flop, what happens if both S and R inputs are set to ‘1’?

A. It sets the output.
B. It resets the output.
C. It’s an invalid or undefined condition.
D. It toggles the current state.

Answer: C. It’s an invalid or undefined condition.

Q. 68 What’s the primary reason for using binary in most digital systems?
A. It’s the easiest number system for humans to understand.
B. It represents natural phenomena more accurately.
C. Electronic components can inherently distinguish between two states: on and
off.
D. It offers the highest precision in calculations.

Answer: C. Electronic components can inherently distinguish between two states:

on and off.

Q. 69 How can you differentiate a combinational circuit from a sequential circuit?

A. By the number of inputs it can handle.
B. A combinational circuit’s output depends only on the current inputs, while a
sequential circuit’s output depends on both current inputs and previous states.
C. By the complexity of their design.
D. By the frequency at which they operate.

Answer: B. A combinational circuit’s output depends only on the current inputs,

while a sequential circuit’s output depends on both current inputs and previous
states.

Q. 70 Why are parity bits used in digital communication?

A. To compress the data.
B. To amplify the signal strength.
C. To detect errors during data transmission.
D. To increase the transmission rate.

Answer: C. To detect errors during data transmission.

 Which logic gate is considered as a universal gate due to its ability to implement
Q. 71
any logic function?
A. OR
B. AND
C. XOR
D. NAND

Answer: D. NAND

Q. 72 In the realm of digital logic design, what is meant by ‘glitch’?

A. A permanent fault in the system.
B. A temporary and unwanted change in the output.
C. A sudden spike in power consumption.
D. A disruption in the clock signal.

Answer: B. A temporary and unwanted change in the output.

Q. 73 Which of the following best describes the operation of a transparent latch?

A. It allows data to pass through only when the clock signal is high.
B. It blocks data regardless of the control signal.
C. It constantly toggles between high and low states.
D. It always inverts the input data.

Answer: A. It allows data to pass through only when the clock signal is high.

Q. 74 In digital systems, what role does the ‘tristate buffer’ play?

A. Amplifying the signal strength.
B. Isolating a part of a circuit to prevent interference.
C. Filtering out the noise from a signal.
D. Changing the frequency of the clock signal.

Answer: B. Isolating a part of a circuit to prevent interference.

Q. 75 What is the consequence of ‘fan-out’ being exceeded in a digital gate?

A. The gate will operate at a higher frequency.
B. The output voltage levels might degrade, causing unreliable operation.
C. The gate will consume more power.
D. The gate’s speed will double.

Answer: B. The output voltage levels might degrade, causing unreliable

operation.

Q. 76 What’s the main purpose of a ‘Johnson counter’?

A. To count in binary.
B. To act as a memory storage unit.
 C. To produce a sequence of bit patterns in a cyclic manner.
D. To amplify the clock signal.

Answer: C. To produce a sequence of bit patterns in a cyclic manner.

Q. 77 Universal gates which can implement any Boolean function are:

a) AND and OR
b) XOR and XNOR
c) NAND and NOR
d) NOT and OR

Answer: c

Q. 78 The output of a 2-input OR gate is 0 only when:

a) Both inputs are 0
b) Both inputs are 1
c) One input is 1
d) One input is 0

Answer: a

Q. 79 Which of the following gates is called an inverting gate?

a) OR
b) AND
c) NOT
d) XOR

Answer: c

Q. 80 How many NOR gates are required to implement a 2-input AND function?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

Answer: c

Q. 81 The output of a 2-input AND gate is high only when:

a) Both inputs are 0
b) Both inputs are 1
c) One input is 1
d) One input is 0

Answer: b

Q. 82 In a half-adder circuit, the XOR gate generates:

 a) Carry
b) Sum
c) Difference
d) Borrow

Answer: b

Q. 83 A logic circuit which generates a carry when adding binary numbers is:
a) Encoder
b) Multiplexer
c) Decoder
d) Half-adder

Answer: d

Q. 84 What does the XOR gate output when both of its inputs are different?
a) 0
b) 1
c) Undefined
d) Varies

Answer: b

Q. 85 How can a NAND gate be used to produce a NOT function?

a) By connecting both inputs together
b) By leaving one input unconnected
c) By inverting the output
d) By connecting the output to one input

Answer: a

Q. 86 How many NAND gates are required to implement a 2-input OR function?

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

Answer: c

Q. 87 What is the output of an OR gate when all its inputs are low?
a) Undefined
b) High
c) Low
d) Varies

Answer: c
Q. 88 A logic gate that produces a high output only when all its inputs are different is:
a) NAND
b) NOR
c) XNOR
d) XOR

Answer: d

Q. 89 Which gate can act as a universal gate by itself?

a) AND
b) OR
c) NOR
d) XOR

Answer: c

Q. 90 In Boolean algebra, A’.B + A.B’ can be simplified as:

a) A AND B
b) A OR B
c) A XOR B
d) A XNOR B

Answer: c

Q. 91 Which gate produces a logic 0 at its output when all inputs are logic 1?
a) OR
b) AND
c) NOR
d) NAND

Answer: c

Which gate produces the same output as a 2-input AND gate followed by a NOT
Q. 92
gate?
a) OR
b) NOR
c) XOR
d) NAND

Answer: d

Q. 93 If the output of a gate is 0 when the input is 1, the gate is:

a) AND
b) OR
c) NOT
 d) XOR

Answer: c

Which gate can be realized by using two NOT gates, two AND gates, and one
Q. 94
OR gate?
a) XOR
b) AND
c) NOR
d) XNOR

Answer: a

Q. 95 An AND gate outputs a logic high when:

a) At least one input is low
b) All inputs are low
c) All inputs are high
d) At least one input is high

Answer: c

Q. 96 A NOT gate can be realized using a(n) ____ gate by tying its inputs together.
a) AND
b) OR
c) NAND
d) NOR

Answer: c

Q. 97 The output of an XNOR gate is high when:

a) Both inputs are different
b) Both inputs are the same
c) Only one input is high
d) None of the above

Answer: b

Q. 98 The logic circuit capable of adding two bits is called:

a) Flip-flop
b) Decoder
c) Half-adder
d) Demultiplexer

Answer: c

Q. 99 Which gate’s behavior is the opposite of the XOR gate?

 a) AND
b) OR
c) XNOR
d) NOR

Answer: c

A circuit that converts 2-bit binary numbers into 4-bit outputs, where only one
Q. 100
output is high for each input combination, is a:
a) Multiplexer
b) Encoder
c) Decoder
d) Comparator

Answer: b

Q. 101 A circuit that can store one bit of data is a:

a) Half-adder
b) Full-adder
c) Flip-flop
d) Multiplexer

Answer: c

Q. 102 Which of the following is equivalent to NOT (A AND B)?

a) A NAND B
b) A NOR B
c) A OR B
d) A XOR B

Answer: a

A combination of gates that gives the inversion of the output of a different gate is
Q. 103
known as:
a) Demorgans Theorem
b) Boolean Identity
c) Universal Property
d) Complementary Property

Answer: d

A 2-input XOR gate can be represented using how many 2-input AND, OR, and
Q. 104
NOT gates respectively?
a) 2, 2, 2
b) 3, 2, 1
c) 2, 1, 2
 d) 4, 2, 1

Answer: b

Q. 105 Which gate provides an output that is the complement of the AND operation?
a) NOR
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NAND

Answer: d

Q. 106 The output of the NOR gate is high when:

a) Both inputs are low
b) Both inputs are high
c) One input is low
d) One input is high

Answer: a

Q. 107 Which of the following can be used as a memory element?

a) XOR gate
b) Flip-flop made from NAND gates
c) 2-input OR gate
d) 3-input AND gate

Answer: b

Q. 108 A circuit that forwards one of multiple input signals is called a:

a) Decoder
b) Encoder
c) Multiplexer
d) Comparator

Answer: c

Q. 109 B represents which gate?

a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NAND

Answer: c

Q. 110 Which gate is used for detecting parity in error checking methods?
a) AND
 b) OR
c) XOR
d) NOT

Answer: c

Q. 111 Which logic gate produces a low output only when both its inputs are high?
a) NOR
b) XOR
c) NAND
d) AND

Answer: c

Q. 112 How many inputs does a basic NOT gate have?

a) 0
b) 1
c) 2
d) Multiple based on design

Answer: b

Q. 113 Which of the following is equivalent to NOT (A OR B)?

a) A NOR B
b) A AND B
c) A NAND B
d) A XOR B

Answer: a

What is the output of a 2-input AND gate when one input is high and the other is
Q. 114
undefined?
a) High
b) Low
c) Undefined
d) Medium

Answer: b

In a digital system, you have a requirement where the output should be LOW
Q. 115 only when all inputs are HIGH. Using basic logic gates, how should you ideally
realize this function?
a) Multiple OR gates followed by a NOT gate
b) Multiple AND gates followed by a NOT gate
c) Multiple NOR gates
d) Multiple XOR gates
 Answer: b) Multiple AND gates followed by a NOT gate

Q. 116 If a NAND gate is fed by two identical input signals, its behavior resembles:
a) AND gate
b) OR gate
c) NOT gate
d) XOR gate

Answer: c

Given the behavior of a NOR gate, what would be the output when both inputs
Q. 117
are inverted?
a) AND function
b) OR function
c) NOT function
d) XOR function

Answer: a

Which gate’s behavior is the inverse of the XOR gate, except when inputs are
Q. 118
different?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XNOR
d) NOR

Answer: c

Q. 119 If you cascade two NOT gates, the overall function will be:
a) AND function
b) OR function
c) The same as a single NOT gate
d) XOR function

Answer: c

Q. 120 Which gate, when combined in a specific configuration, can act as a latch?
a) XOR
b) AND
c) NOR
d) NAND

Answer: d

Q. 121 What is the output of an AND gate when all its inputs are LOW (logic 0)?
 a) HIGH (logic 1)
b) LOW (logic 0)
c) Undefined
d) Can’t be determined

Answer: b

If you notice a system generating a high output even if only one input is high,
Q. 122
which gate is likely being utilized?
a) AND
b) OR
c) NOT
d) NAND

Answer: b

For which gate is the statement true: “The output is high if only one of the inputs
Q. 123
is high”?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NOR

Answer: c

Q. 124 What function is realized if you cascade an OR gate followed by a NOT gate?
a) NOR
b) XOR
c) NAND
d) XNOR

Answer: a

Q. 125 How can you realize a XOR function using only NAND gates?
a) 4 NAND gates are required
b) 5 NAND gates are required
c) 6 NAND gates are required
d) XOR cannot be realized using only NAND gates

Answer: a

What is the behavior of a 3-input AND gate when one input is low while the
Q. 126
other two are high?
a) High
b) Low
c) Undefined
 d) Depends on gate design

Answer: b

Which gate, when fed with high frequency signals, can act as a simple electronic
Q. 127
oscillator?
a) XOR gate with feedback
b) NAND gate with feedback
c) AND gate with feedback
d) OR gate with feedback

Answer: b

Q. 128 Analyzing the behavior of a NOR gate, how can you simulate an AND gate?
a) Invert both inputs and take them to NOR gate
b) Connect both inputs directly to the NOR gate
c) Invert the output of NOR gate
d) Both a and c

Answer: d

Which gate, in combination with a NOT gate, is crucial for building half
Q. 129
subtractors in arithmetic circuits?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NOR

Answer: c

Analyzing a two-level logic system, if there are OR gates at the first level and
Q. 130
AND gate at the output, this resembles:
a) OR-AND logic
b) AND-OR logic
c) OR-OR logic
d) AND-AND logic

Answer: a

Q. 131 What logic gate primarily aids in the construction of binary multipliers?
a) OR
b) AND
c) XOR
d) NOT

Answer: b
 In a certain circuit, a high output is obtained only if either of the inputs is low.
Q. 132
The circuit is likely using:
a) XOR
b) NOR
c) NAND
d) AND

Answer: b

Which gate would most likely be used in error detection systems to check for odd
Q. 133
parity?
a) XOR
b) AND
c) NOR
d) OR

Answer: a

Q. 134 If a 2-input XNOR gate gives a low output, which condition is true?
a) Both inputs are the same
b) One input is high, and the other is low
c) Both inputs are high
d) Both inputs are low

Answer: b

Which gate’s behavior is closely related to the logical equivalence operation in

Q. 135
propositional logic?
a) XOR
b) XNOR
c) NOR
d) NAND

Answer: b

If a certain digital system needs to determine the inequality of two binary

Q. 136
numbers, which gate should be primarily used?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NOT

Answer: c
 In analyzing a digital circuit, if there’s a gate producing a high output only when
Q. 137
all inputs are low, this gate is likely:
a) AND
b) NOR
c) XOR
d) NAND

Answer: b

If you encounter a digital system that produces an output only when both inputs
Q. 138
are different, the primary gate utilized is:
a) NOR
b) AND
c) OR
d) XOR

Answer: d

In analyzing a logic circuit, if you observe that the output is high when both
Q. 139
inputs are low or when both inputs are high, the gate in use is:
a) NOR
b) XOR
c) XNOR
d) AND

Answer: c

Q. 140 If a 3-input OR gate has two high inputs and one low input, the output will be:
a) Low
b) High
c) Undefined
d) Alternating between high and low

Answer: b

When a certain digital system ensures that only one specific output line is active
Q. 141
at a time, it’s primarily utilizing:
a) Encoders
b) Decoders
c) Multiplexers
d) Demultiplexers

Answer: b

In a complex digital system analysis, if a specific function is realized using only

Q. 142
NOR gates, the system is implementing:
 a) Positive logic
b) Negative logic
c) Mixed logic
d) Hybrid logic

Answer: b

To analyze a function implemented using only NAND gates, which Boolean law
Q. 143
is frequently applied?
a) Demorgans Theorem
b) Distributive Law
c) Commutative Law
d) Associative Law

Answer: a

If a logic circuit has multiple layers of gates and the final layer consists of OR
Q. 144
gates, which of the following is a potential risk?
a) Too low propagation delay
b) High power consumption
c) Inverted output signal
d) Glitching due to different signal propagation times

Answer: d

When analyzing a full adder circuit, which gate is primarily responsible for the
Q. 145
sum output?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NOT

Answer: c

If a logic gate’s output is entirely independent of one of its inputs, that input can
Q. 146
be termed as:
a) Redundant input
b) Complementary input
c) Independent input
d) Non-essential input

Answer: a

Q. 147 Which gate, when used in feedback mode, can act as memory storage?
a) XOR
b) NAND
 c) AND
d) OR

Answer: b

In a digital system analysis, which gate would you employ if you wanted to
Q. 148
ensure an output only when all inputs were active?
a) AND
b) OR
c) NOR
d) XOR

Answer: a

A digital system seems to operate correctly when all inputs are high but fails
Q. 149
when any input goes low. The faulty gate is likely:
a) AND
b) OR
c) NOR
d) NAND

Answer: a

Q. 150 Which of the following gates can serve as a universal gate?

a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) Both NAND and NOR

Answer: d

If a digital system needs to provide an output based on a specific combination of

Q. 151
inputs, the primary component is:
a) Encoder
b) Decoder
c) Multiplexer
d) Demultiplexer

Answer: b

Q. 152 Which logic gate produces a HIGH output if any of its inputs are HIGH?
a) AND gate
b) OR gate
c) NOT gate
d) XOR gate
 Answer: b

Q. 153 What is the primary function of a NOT gate?

a) To invert the input signal
b) To amplify the input signal
c) To select between two inputs
d) To perform addition of binary numbers

Answer: a

In a digital circuit, you need to implement the logical expression F = AB’ + BC +

Q. 154 A’C, where A, B, and C are inputs. Which combination of gates is suitable to
implement this expression efficiently?
a) Three AND gates followed by an OR gate
b) Two NAND gates followed by an OR gate
c) Two NOR gates followed by an AND gate
d) An XOR gate followed by an AND gate

Answer: a

Which gate, when used improperly, poses the highest risk for creating unwanted
Q. 155
oscillations in digital circuits?
a) AND
b) XOR
c) NAND with feedback
d) OR

Answer: c

When minimizing a complex Boolean expression, why might NAND gates be a

Q. 156
preferred choice?
a) They are faster.
b) They are universal gates.
c) They consume less power.
d) They are easier to understand.

Answer: b

In evaluating the resilience of a digital system to noise, which gate is likely to

Q. 157
introduce the most errors due to its sensitivity?
a) XOR
b) XNOR
c) AND
d) NOT

Answer: a
 Which gate would be deemed most inefficient if used for the sole purpose of
Q. 158
inverting a signal?
a) NOT
b) XOR with one input tied to HIGH
c) NAND with both inputs tied together
d) AND

Answer: d

Q. 159 which gate is most suitable for direct implementation?

a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NOT

Answer: c

Q. 160 Which gate is most prone to glitches in a ripple-carry adder configuration?

a) XOR
b) AND
c) OR
d) NOT

Answer: a

When evaluating power consumption in CMOS technology, which gate typically

Q. 161
consumes the least power under dynamic conditions?
a) XOR
b) NAND
c) NOR
d) NOT

Answer: d

If one aims to design a digital system with inherent error-checking capability,

Q. 162
which gate proves to be the most valuable?
a) XOR
b) AND
c) NOR
d) NAND

Answer: a

When evaluating fan-out capability in digital circuits, which gate usually

Q. 163
supports the highest fan-out?
 a) CMOS NOT
b) TTL AND
c) CMOS AND
d) TTL OR

Answer: b

If you’re tasked with evaluating the time-delay in a series of cascaded gates,

Q.164
which configuration would typically introduce the most delay?
a) Multiple AND gates
b) Multiple OR gates
c) Alternate NAND and NOR gates
d) Multiple NOT gates

Answer: c

Q. 165 Which gate is most crucial when evaluating the construction of a flip-flop?
a) XOR
b) OR
c) NAND
d) AND

Answer: c

When evaluating the implementation of a binary subtractor, which gate becomes

Q. 166
indispensable for the “Borrow” bit?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NOT

Answer: a

In a low power application, which gate would you evaluate as the least efficient
Q. 167
due to its power consumption characteristics?
a) CMOS NAND
b) TTL NAND
c) CMOS XOR
d) TTL XOR

Answer: b

When evaluating a logic circuit’s vulnerability to transient faults, which gate

Q. 168
proves to be the most resilient?
a) NAND
b) NOR
 c) XOR
d) NOT

Answer: a

For the realization of a clock divider circuit, evaluating the essential components,
Q. 169
which gate is indispensable?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NAND with feedback

Answer: d

Evaluating from a cost perspective, which gate is typically the most expensive to
Q. 170
implement in CMOS technology due to its transistor count?
a) NAND
b) NOR
c) XOR
d) NOT

Answer: c

In terms of logical completeness, which gate can be evaluated as unnecessary if

Q. 171
NAND gates are already present?
a) AND
b) OR
c) NOT
d) XOR

Answer: a

Which gate should be evaluated with caution when used in feedback

Q. 172
configurations due to the potential for unstable behavior?
a) XOR
b) AND
c) NAND
d) OR

Answer: c

In the evaluation of a multiplexer’s operation, which gate plays an essential role

Q. 173
in selecting the appropriate input?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
 d) NOT

Answer: a

Which gate, when evaluated for its function, serves as the basis for most binary
Q. 174
arithmetic operations?
a) XOR
b) AND
c) NOR
d) OR

Answer: b

Evaluating the functionality of basic gates, which gate’s truth table contains only
Q. 175
one ‘1’?
a) AND
b) OR
c) NOR
d) NAND

Answer: a

When evaluating the design of a simple tone generator, which gate with feedback
Q. 176
can be used?
a) XOR
b) OR
c) NAND
d) AND

Answer: c

In terms of noise margin, which gate in CMOS technology can be evaluated as

Q. 177
having the best resilience to noise?
a) XOR
b) NOT
c) NAND
d) OR

Answer: b

Evaluating a parity checker’s design, which gate would you expect to find in
Q. 178
abundance?
a) XOR
b) AND
c) NOR
d) OR
 Answer: a

If evaluating for a gate’s ability to realize all other basic logic gates, which gate
Q. 179
stands out?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NAND

Answer: d

In evaluating the construction of a basic latch, which gate configuration is most

Q. 180
commonly used?
a) Two AND gates with feedback
b) Two OR gates with feedback
c) Two NAND gates with feedback
d) Two XOR gates with feedback

Answer: c

Which gate would be evaluated as least efficient in realizing a simple inverter

Q. 181
function when considering component count?
a) NOT
b) XOR with a tied input
c) NAND with inputs shorted
d) AND with one input tied to HIGH

Answer: d

In evaluating the reliability of a digital system, which gate’s malfunction would

Q. 182
most likely cause a complete system failure due to its ubiquity?
a) NAND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) AND

Answer: a

Evaluating a demultiplexer’s function, which gate is primarily used for

Q. 183
distributing the single input to one of the many outputs?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NOT
 Answer: a

When evaluating the potential for signal degradation in a long chain of gates,
Q. 184
which gate introduces the least amount of signal distortion?
a) AND
b) OR
c) NOT
d) XOR

Answer: c

In an evaluation of digital gate technologies, which technology offers the best

Q. 185
high-speed performance at the expense of power consumption?
a) CMOS
b) TTL
c) ECL
d) RTL

Answer: c

Which gate, upon evaluation, can be directly implemented using a single

Q. 186
MOSFET in CMOS technology?
a) AND
b) OR
c) NOT
d) XOR

Answer: c

Evaluating a 4-input digital logic function that has only one specific combination
Q. 187
that yields a ‘0’ output, which gate realization would be the most efficient?
a) A four-input AND gate
b) Four OR gates cascaded
c) A four-input NAND gate
d) Four AND gates and a NOR gate

Answer: c

If you are evaluating the design of a system for data encryption, which gate’s
Q. 188
unique properties make it invaluable?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NOT

Answer: c
 When evaluating the versatility of gates in digital design, which gate can be
Q. 189
considered redundant if you already have NOR gates and inverters?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NAND

Answer: d

In evaluating a system that combines multiple inputs into a single output and
Q. 190
requires all inputs to be active to produce a high output, which gate is pivotal?
a) AND
b) OR
c) XOR
d) NOT

Answer: a

When evaluating a sequential circuit’s behavior, which gate plays a critical role
Q. 191
in the formation of memory elements?
a) XOR
b) AND
c) NAND
d) OR

Answer: c

If you are evaluating the construction of a simple light controller that turns on the
Q. 192
light when either of two switches is on but not both, which gate is most suitable?
a) XOR
b) AND
c) NOR
d) NAND

Answer: a

Which design principle is essential for reducing complexities in large

Q. 193
combinational circuits?
a) Multiplexing
b) Demultiplexing
c) Hierarchical design
d) Cascading

Answer: c
 When evaluating a 4-to-1 multiplexer design, how many select lines would it
Q. 194
typically require?
a) 4
b) 1
c) 3
d) 2

Answer: d

In evaluating the design of a BCD to 7-segment display converter, which system

Q. 195
is best described as?
a) Sequential
b) Combinational
c) Oscillatory
d) Feedback

Answer: b

Q. 196 Which storage element is foundational for designing most sequential circuits?
a) Decoder
b) Multiplexer
c) Flip-flop
d) Encoder

Answer: c

Q. 197 Evaluating a system that outputs its previous state, which component is essential?
a) OR gate
b) Memory element
c) Decoder
d) Encoder

Answer: b

For designing an arithmetic logic unit (ALU) that can add, subtract, and multiply,
Q. 198
which of the following components is crucial?
a) Decoder
b) Shift register
c) Full adder
d) Demultiplexer

Answer: c

In evaluating a sequential circuit design, which component helps in storing

Q. 199
transient states?
a) Multiplexer
 b) Encoder
c) Counter
d) Decoder

Answer: c

Which design technique is beneficial for evaluating and reducing Boolean

Q. 200
expressions in combinational circuits?
a) Karnaugh Map
b) Ripple counting
c) JK flip-flopping
d) Pulse triggering

Answer: a

To design a system that selects one out of multiple input lines based on a binary
Q. 201
code, which component would you evaluate as essential?
a) Encoder
b) Decoder
c) Flip-flop
d) Adder

Answer: b

Evaluating a system that converts multiple inputs into a binary code, which
Q. 202
component is crucial?
a) Decoder
b) Encoder
c) Multiplexer
d) Demultiplexer

Answer: b

When considering the design of a system that counts in a specific sequence,

Q. 203
which component becomes indispensable?
a) Adder
b) Counter
c) Multiplexer
d) Encoder

Answer: b

In the evaluation of feedback in sequential circuits, which of these is most prone

Q. 204
to oscillations if not designed correctly?
a) Decoder
b) Encoder
 c) Latch
d) Adder

Answer: c

Which of the following should be evaluated first when designing a system to

Q. 205
compare two binary numbers?
a) Flip-flop
b) Adder
c) Comparator
d) Counter

Answer: c

When designing a sequence detector that detects 1101 in a serial input stream,
Q. 206
which system type is it?
a) Combinational
b) Oscillatory
c) Feedback-based
d) Sequential

Answer: d

Which component, when evaluating digital designs, helps in converting parallel

Q. 207
data to serial and vice versa?
a) Shift register
b) Counter
c) Adder
d) Comparator

Answer: a

When evaluating a system’s ability to remember a single bit of data, which

Q. 208
component becomes essential?
a) Encoder
b) Decoder
c) Flip-flop
d) Comparator

Answer: c

For designing a circuit that can route one of its inputs to the output based on
Q. 209
selection lines, which component should be evaluated?
a) Demultiplexer
b) Encoder
c) Comparator
 d) Multiplexer

Answer: d

When evaluating the design of a control unit in a CPU, which type of system is it
Q. 210
primarily?
a) Combinational
b) Sequential
c) Parallel
d) Feedback

Answer: b

If the requirement is to design a circuit that sequences through a set pattern, what
Q. 211
should be primarily evaluated?
a) Comparator
b) Encoder
c) Counter
d) Adder

Answer: c

For a system that needs temporary storage during data transfer between two
Q. 212
units, which design component is essential?
a) Latch
b) Adder
c) Encoder
d) Multiplexer

Answer: a

When evaluating the design of a digital watch’s timing mechanism, which of

Q. 213
these is the most pivotal?
a) Adder
b) Counter
c) Comparator
d) Encoder

Answer: b

To design a system that changes its state on every clock edge, which flip-flop
Q. 214
would you evaluate as the best choice?
a) D flip-flop
b) JK flip-flop
c) T flip-flop
d) SR flip-flop
 Answer: a

In evaluating a system design that provides delay or timing functionality, which

Q. 215
component becomes indispensable?
a) Encoder
b) Decoder
c) Timer
d) Multiplexer

Answer: c

To design a fast arithmetic operation unit in a CPU, which of these components

Q. 216
must be optimized?
a) Decoder
b) Encoder
c) Adder
d) Counter

Answer: c

In evaluating the design of a programmable sequence generator, which

Q. 217
component is critical?
a) Counter
b) Multiplexer
c) Comparator
d) Shift register

Answer: a

When designing an asynchronous sequential circuit, which factor must be

Q. 218
critically evaluated to prevent unwanted operations?
a) Feedback paths
b) Number of inputs
c) Number of outputs
d) Power consumption

Answer: a

Which component should be critically evaluated when designing a system to

Q. 219
control multiple devices with a single line?
a) Multiplexer
b) Demultiplexer
c) Counter
d) Encoder
 Answer: b

If designing a system to minimize logic levels and speed up operations, which of

Q. 220
these techniques is valuable?
a) Cascading
b) Multiplexing
c) Logic minimization
d) Pipelining

Answer: c

When designing a state machine that requires minimized memory elements,

Q. 221
which tool should be primarily used?
a) Truth table
b) State table
c) Karnaugh Map
d) Transition diagram

Answer: c

In evaluating the design of a digital system for error detection, which component
Q. 222
can be primarily used?
a) Parity generator
b) Multiplexer
c) Decoder
d) Shift register

Answer: a

For designing a system that can select among multiple data sources for output,
Q. 223
which component should be evaluated?
a) Encoder
b) Decoder
c) Demultiplexer
d) Multiplexer

Answer: d

If a design requirement mandates the sequential circuit to change state only when
Q. 224
certain conditions are met, which component becomes crucial?
a) JK flip-flop
b) D flip-flop
c) SR flip-flop
d) T flip-flop

Answer: a
 Evaluating the design of a system to function as a frequency divider, which
Q. 225
component is pivotal?
a) Adder
b) Counter
c) Encoder
d) Comparator

Answer: b

For designing a system with minimized glitches in the output, which design
Q. 226
principle becomes essential?
a) Cascading
b) Pipelining
c) Feedback optimization
d) Hazard elimination

Answer: d

Which component must be critically evaluated for designing a system that holds
Q. 227
data until it’s read?
a) Counter
b) Latch
c) Comparator
d) Multiplexer

Answer: b

When evaluating the design of a system that sequences through 16 states, at a

Q. 228
minimum, how many flip-flops are required?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5

Answer: c

In a system designed to detect overlapping sequences, which component

Q. 229
becomes indispensable?
a) Adder
b) Multiplexer
c) Overlapping sequence detector
d) Encoder

Answer: c
 When evaluating a design for minimizing power consumption in a sequential
Q. 230
circuit, which flip-flop type would you consider?
a) Master-slave flip-flop
b) Edge-triggered flip-flop
c) Level-triggered flip-flop
d) Pulse-triggered flip-flop

Answer: b

When synthesizing a digital clock, which basic element is pivotal for the accurate
Q. 231
generation of time intervals?
a) Adder
b) Comparator
c) Oscillator
d) Decoder

Answer: c

To create a system that dynamically selects between two data sources, which
Q. 232
component would be essential?
a) Encoder
b) Multiplexer
c) Latch
d) Adder

Answer: b

If you’re synthesizing an advanced calculator, which component will be integral

Q. 233
for arithmetic operations?
a) ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
b) Decoder
c) Flip-flop
d) Demultiplexer

Answer: a

When creating a digital system that needs to exhibit memory, what foundational
Q. 234
component is used?
a) Counter
b) Flip-flop
c) Adder
d) Decoder

Answer: b
 For synthesizing a digital display that reacts to various binary inputs, which
Q. 235
component is essential?
a) Comparator
b) Multiplexer
c) Decoder
d) Encoder

Answer: c

To create an efficient traffic light controller, which system type would be

Q. 236
predominantly used?
a) Combinational
b) Sequential
c) Feedback
d) Parallel

Answer: b

If you’re synthesizing a device that represents binary data in a visual format,

Q. 237
which component is primary?
a) Counter
b) Display Decoder
c) Latch
d) Adder

Answer: b

In the creation of a high-speed data transmission system, which component aids

Q. 238
in converting parallel data to serial?
a) Counter
b) Adder
c) Shift register
d) Decoder

Answer: c

If you are designing a programmable robotic controller, which type of memory

Q. 239
component would be essential?
a) Encoder
b) ROM (Read-Only Memory)
c) Flip-flop
d) Multiplexer

Answer: b
 When synthesizing an automatic room light controller based on human presence,
Q. 240
which logic gate is key for the “presence” AND “darkness” condition?
a) OR
b) AND
c) NOT
d) NOR

Answer: b

For creating a system that displays an alert when two specific conditions are not
Q. 241
met, which logic gate would you use?
a) NOR
b) AND
c) OR
d) XOR

Answer: a

When designing a system to sequence through various states, which element will
Q. 242
store the current state?
a) Encoder
b) Adder
c) Flip-flop
d) Counter

Answer: c

If you’re synthesizing a digital safe lock that uses a combination code, which
Q. 243
system type would it closely resemble?
a) Sequential
b) Feedback
c) Combinational
d) Oscillatory

Answer: a

To create a digital system that outputs high when any of its multiple inputs are
Q. 244
high, which component is essential?
a) Encoder
b) OR gate
c) AND gate
d) Multiplexer

Answer: b
 In the synthesis of an alarm system that rings on multiple conditions, which
Q. 245
component would aid in the combination of these conditions?
a) Adder
b) NOR gate
c) Decoder
d) OR gate

Answer: d

For synthesizing a vending machine controller, which component is essential for

Q. 246
tracking the amount of money inserted?
a) Comparator
b) Counter
c) Decoder
d) Flip-flop

Answer: b

When creating a temperature-controlled fan, which digital component is essential

Q. 247
for comparing the set temperature to the current temperature?
a) Counter
b) Comparator
c) Encoder
d) Multiplexer

Answer: b

For the synthesis of a voice-activated device, which logic element will detect a
Q. 248
“silence” condition?
a) AND gate
b) NOR gate
c) XOR gate
d) NOT gate

Answer: d

In designing a digital scoring system for a game, which component is key for
Q. 249
summing scores?
a) Encoder
b) Decoder
c) Counter
d) Adder

Answer: d
 To synthesize a system that can route a single input to multiple outputs based on
Q. 250
a binary code, which component is essential?
a) Encoder
b) Decoder
c) Demultiplexer
d) Flip-flop

Answer: c

When designing a system that can dynamically choose between multiple

Q. 251
functions, which component can be used to create function tables?
a) ROM
b) Counter
c) Adder
d) Latch

Answer: a

In the synthesis of a digital timer, which component will provide the countdown
Q. 252
functionality?
a) Comparator
b) Encoder
c) Counter
d) Decoder

Answer: c

If creating a digital system to recognize specific patterns, which design approach

Q. 253
helps in representing different states of the pattern?
a) Karnaugh Map
b) State Machine Design
c) Boolean Algebra
d) Ripple counting

Answer: b

To synthesize a system that converts analog signals into digital, which

Q. 254
component is primary?
a) Comparator
b) Encoder
c) Analog-to-Digital Converter
d) Multiplexer

Answer: c
 In the creation of a digital music player, which component is essential for
Q. 255
sequencing through the song tracks?
a) Decoder
b) Counter
c) Flip-flop
d) Adder

Answer: b

For synthesizing a multi-functional digital device that switches between tasks,

Q. 256
which component can be used to store intermediate results?
a) Encoder
b) Counter
c) Register
d) Comparator

Answer: c

When designing a system for password authentication, which component would

Q. 257
be key for storing the correct password?
a) Counter
b) ROM
c) Multiplexer
d) Adder

Answer: b

To create a digital logic circuit that gives an alert on detecting specific

Q. 258
sequences, which design approach can be used to identify sequences?
a) State Machine Design
b) Ripple counting
c) Karnaugh Map
d) Cascading

Answer: a

If synthesizing an elevator control system, which component is pivotal for

Q. 259
keeping track of the current floor?
a) Comparator
b) Encoder
c) Counter
d) Decoder

Answer: c
 In creating a digital car parking system, which logic gate would indicate if any
Q. 260
parking slot is free?
a) AND gate
b) OR gate
c) XOR gate
d) NOT gate

Answer: b

For synthesizing a voting machine, which component is crucial for counting

Q. 261
votes?
a) Encoder
b) Decoder
c) Counter
d) Comparator

Answer: c

If designing a multi-level digital game, which component is essential for storing

Q. 262
player’s progress?
a) Counter
b) Register
c) Encoder
d) Multiplexer

Answer: b

To create a digital system that can operate based on priority, which component
Q. 263
helps in determining priority levels?
a) Priority Encoder
b) Comparator
c) Flip-flop
d) Decoder

Answer: a

When designing a system that requires a specific sequence to activate, which

Q. 264
approach helps in ensuring the correct sequence?
a) Cascading gates
b) State Machine Design
c) Ripple counting
d) Karnaugh Map

Answer: b

Q. 265 For a digital watch, which component will be synthesized for setting alarms?
 a) Counter
b) Decoder
c) Comparator
d) Register

Answer: c

If you’re designing a multi-mode device where each mode has a unique function,
Q. 266
which component helps in the selection of modes?
a) Encoder
b) Multiplexer
c) Decoder
d) Demultiplexer

Answer: b

In synthesizing a home automation system, which logic element will determine if

Q. 267
all appliances are turned off?
a) AND gate
b) OR gate
c) XOR gate
d) NOR gate

Answer: a

For creating a security system that gets triggered by multiple sensors, which
Q. 268
component will combine the sensors’ outputs?
a) Encoder
b) OR gate
c) AND gate
d) Comparator

Answer: b

Q. 269 Which logic gate produces a high output only when all its inputs are high?
a) NOR
b) NAND
c) OR
d) AND

Answer: d) AND

Q. 270 Which of the following is considered a universal gate?

a) XOR
b) AND
c) NAND
 d) XNOR

Answer: c) NAND

Q. 271 The MUX (Multiplexer) can be described as a:

a) Multiple-input, single-output switch.
b) Single-input, multiple-output switch.
c) Double-input, double-output switch.
d) Triple-input, single-output switch.

Answer: a) Multiple-input, single-output switch.

Which combinational circuit can compare two binary numbers and produce
Q. 272
equality and inequality outputs?
a) Decoder
b) Encoder
c) Comparator
d) Adder

Answer: c) Comparator

Q. 273 A half adder can add:

a) Two binary digits
b) Three binary digits
c) Four binary digits
d) Five binary digits

Answer: a) Two binary digits

Which of the following gates can be used to realize all possible combinational
Q. 274
logic functions?
a) XNOR and AND
b) OR and NOT
c) NAND and NOR
d) XOR and XNOR

Answer: c) NAND and NOR

Q. 275 What is the primary function of a demultiplexer?

a) Select one of several input lines.
b) Decode binary information.
c) Route a single input line to one of several outputs.
d) Convert serial data to parallel.

Answer: c) Route a single input line to one of several outputs.

Q. 276 Which component can convert a given set of inputs into coded outputs?
a) Comparator
b) Encoder
c) Decoder
d) Multiplexer

Answer: b) Encoder

Q. 277 Flip-flops are used primarily for:

a) Data storage
b) Data conversion
c) Signal amplification
d) Signal filtering

Answer: a) Data storage

Which of the following flip-flops is known for its single input-triggered

Q. 278
characteristics?
a) JK flip-flop
b) D flip-flop
c) SR flip-flop
d) T flip-flop

Answer: b) D flip-flop

Q. 279 A shift register’s primary function is to:

a) Increase data speed.
b) Decode binary information.
c) Store multiple bits and move them in a specific direction.
d) Convert binary to decimal.

Answer: c) Store multiple bits and move them in a specific direction.

Q. 280 In a sequential circuit, the outputs are determined by:

a) Present inputs only
b) Present inputs and previous outputs
c) Clock signals only
d) Previous outputs only

Answer: b) Present inputs and previous outputs

Q. 281 Which of the following counters will have a maximum count of 15?
a) 2-bit counter
b) 4-bit counter
c) 8-bit counter
d) 16-bit counter
 Answer: b) 4-bit counter

Q. 282 The device commonly used for remotely counting items or events is:
a) Decoder
b) Encoder
c) Flip-flop
d) Counter

Answer: d) Counter

Q. 283 Which sequential circuit can generate a specific sequence of output bit patterns?
a) Adder
b) Counter
c) Multiplier
d) Comparator

Answer: b) Counter

Q. 284 In an asynchronous counter:

a) All flip-flops are clocked simultaneously.
b) Each flip-flop has its own clock input.
c) Only the first flip-flop is clocked by an external clock.
d) No external clock is needed.

Answer: c) Only the first flip-flop is clocked by an external clock.

Q. 285 A BCD counter’s modulus is:

a) 2
b) 10
c) 16
d) 100

Answer: b) 10

Q. 286 A circuit that changes the order of bits in a word is called a:

a) Counter
b) Multiplexer
c) Comparator
d) Permutation network

Answer: d) Permutation network

Q. 287 What is the primary function of the clock in sequential logic circuits?
a) To synchronize operations
b) To amplify signals
 c) To provide a reset mechanism
d) To decode binary values

Answer: a) To synchronize operations

Q. 288 If a flip-flop output Q=1 and Q’=0, then the flip-flop is:
a) Not triggered
b) Set
c) Reset
d) Invalid

Answer: b) Set

Q. 289 The storage capacity of a 4-bit latch or flip-flop is:

a) 1 byte
b) 4 bits
c) 8 bits
d) 16 bits

Answer: b) 4 bits

Q. 290 The main difference between latch and flip-flop is:

a) Number of inputs
b) Dependency on the clock signal
c) Logic gate construction
d) Storage capacity

Answer: b) Dependency on the clock signal

Which of the following flip-flops can change states without applying any
Q. 291
external input?
a) SR flip-flop
b) JK flip-flop with J=1 and K=1
c) D flip-flop
d) T flip-flop with T=0

Answer: b) JK flip-flop with J=1 and K=1

Q. 292 Which memory element is volatile in nature?

a) ROM
b) RAM
c) PROM
d) EEPROM

Answer: b) RAM
Q. 293 A master-slave flip-flop avoids the race problem by:
a) Disabling the gate
b) Using two flip-flops
c) Pulsing the clock
d) Flipping the master only

Answer: b) Using two flip-flops

Q. 294 When designing a 3-to-8 decoder, how many output lines will it have?
a) 3
b) 8
c) 11
d) 24

Answer: b) 8

Q. 295 To design a 4-bit adder circuit, which of the following components is crucial?
a) 4 two-input AND gates
b) 4 two-input OR gates
c) 4 Full Adders
d) 4 Multiplexers

Answer: c) 4 Full Adders

Which design approach simplifies complex combinational logic problems using

Q. 296
1s and 0s?
a) Superposition theorem
b) Karnaugh Map (K-map)
c) Boolean algebra
d) DeMorgan’s theorem

Answer: b) Karnaugh Map (K-map)

If you were designing a sequence detector for the sequence “110”, how many
Q. 297
flip-flops would you ideally require?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 4
d) 5

Answer: b) 3

Q. 298 To construct a 4-to-1 multiplexer, how many select lines are needed?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
 d) 4

Answer: b) 2

In designing a traffic light controller, which type of FSM would be most

Q. 299
appropriate?
a) Mealy
b) Moore
c) Both
d) Neither

Answer: b) Moore

Q. 300 For designing an elevator control system, which sequential component is pivotal?
a) Counter
b) Shift register
c) State machine
d) Multiplexer

Answer: c) State machine

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