Detailed Lesson Plan

In Reading and Writing Skills in Grade 11

I. Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

a. differentiate the types of claims;

b. classify statement according to its type; and
c. formulate a statement for each type of claim.

II. Subject Matter

a. Topic: Claims in Bigger Context

MELC: Identify the context in which a text was developed
(EN11/12WRS-IVac-7; EN11/12WRS-IVac-7.1-7.2)
a. Hypertext
b. Intertext

b. Reference:
Reading and Writing Skills Department of Education – Region IV –A
CALABARZON
(SLM Reading and Writing Skills)

c. Instructional Materials: LED TV, Laptop, PowerPoint Presentation, and Picture

d. Values Integration: Lay appropriate interpretation to the text.

III. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Students’ Activity

A. Preliminary Activities

Greetings

Good morning class! Good morning, Ma’am.

How is your day so far? We are fine Ma’am.

That’s good to hear! So can I expect a full blast of

energy and active participation from you? Yes, Ma’am.

Prayer

Alright, before anything else, let us first ask the

guidance of our Almighty God. Ms. Precious,
would you please lead us a prayer? (The student will lead the prayer.)

Before you take your seats, I would like to request

everyone to arrange your chairs properly and
make sure there are no trashes around you. (Students will arrange their chairs
and will pick up the trashes.)

Who is absent or excused for today? None, Ma’am.

Very good! I’m so glad that everyone understands

the importance of coming to school regularly.

Now, let’s start our class with a simple recall.

What have you learned from our previous lesson?
Yes, Zyshieca. Ma’am, I have learned about the
three types of claims.

Very good!
What are those?
Yes, Aira. Ma’am, these are the claim of fact,
policy and value.

You’re right!
Now, who can each types of claim?
Yes, Angel. (The student will answer.)

Very good!

Do you have any questions regarding the topic

that we had? None, Ma’am.

Alright, it seems like you really understood our

previous lesson. Today we are going to start a
new quarter with a new topic.
Motivation

Before we formally start our lesson proper, let us

first have an activity called, LINKING WORDS!

Directions: The class will be divided into two

groups. Each group will be given two words to
link by inserting related or relevant words in
between. Then each group will present their
linked words by making a sentence with each
word. You have 5 minutes to do the activity

For example:
Tree  eggs

Tree—leaves—birds—nest—eggs

Trees are tall plants.

It has leaves that rustle in the wind.
Birds like to build their nests on the trees.
Nest is where birds lay eggs.
Inside the nest, you can find tiny eggs.

Am I making myself clear, class? Yes, Ma’am.

Okay, let’s begin!

Timer starts now

Times up!

Alright, let’s hear from group 1.

Very good group 1!

Now, let’s give the floor to the 2nd group.

Well done group 2!

Let’s give a hand to everyone. ( The students will clap their

hands.)

B. Lesson Proper

That activity has something to do with our lesson

for today, and it is all about the Hypertext/
hypertextuality in Reading, Context of Text
Development.

Now, let’s unlock the meaning of hypertext. Do

you have any idea about it class?
Yes, Dee-Jay (The student will answer.)

Very good!
From the dictionary, hyper means high, beyond,
excessive, or above normal. As in hypertension,
hyperacidity etc. While text is a letter or
combination of letters to carry or transfer a
meaning. Which means that hypertext is
something beyond text or more than simple or
plain or ordinary text.

Class, kindly read the content of the slide. (The students will read.)

Nelson (1987) described hypertext as a series of

chunks connected by links that offer readers
different pathways.
It is non-linear, non-sequential, nodal, and allows
for the readers’ navigation control.
Alright!

Ted Nelson coined the words “hypertext” and

“hypermedia” in 1965 and worked with Andires
Van Dam to develop the hypertext editing system
in 1968.

So hypertext is when you type a word and attach a

link to that word so that upon clicking on that
word the reader is sent to the site attached all right
a hypertext looks like this okay hyperlink is when
you type the link of the website you would like to
quickly send to the reader hypertext is the
foundation of the world wide web enabling users
to click on link to obtain more information on a
subsequent page on the same site or from website
anywhere in the world what are those hypertext
materials they are pictures video materials
animated and audio illustrations all those
possibilities make hypertext materials content
high and suitable for educational purposes other
authors have categorized different terms let's say
hypertext is just a text displayed if it is hyper
media it is not just a text but also images sounds
animation or videos if it is multimedia it involves
linking images or videos or sounds and texts the
difference here is that these links are selected
based on the ideas of the designer of the page and
not always meet the necessities of the reader well
whatever it is they all have texts simply they are
all called hypertext.
Yes, Ma’am!
Do you get it class?

But what is all about claims in bigger context?

Everyone, please read.
Yes, Ma’am!
Claims in bigger context refers to anything that is
just more than a single sentence. It can be found
in bigger contexts or in paragraphs.

Just like what we had yesterday, we identified the Yes, Ma’am.

explicit and implicit claims in a paragraph.
(The student will answer.)
Again, what does the word claim mean.
Yes, May Anne.

Very good!
How about the others?
Yes, John Carlo. Yes, Ma’am.

Brilliant! (The student will answer.)

Claim is a statement that the author wants the
reader to accept. Also, it is the writer's point or
position regarding the chosen topic.

There are characteristics of a good claim and

these are:

1.A claim should be argumentative and

debatable.
2.A claim should be specific and focused.
3.A claim should be interesting and
engaging. (The student will read.)
4.A claim should be logical.

I have here an example of a claim, let’s see

whether it is a good claim or not. (The student will explain.)

Social media has a negative impact on mental

health. (The student will explain.)

Is it argumentative and debatable?

How do you say so?
Yes, John Rick.

That’s right! It is debatable and argumentative

because it can be agreed and disagreed upon.

How about the second one. Is it specific and

focused?

Yes, because it focuses only on the social media

and mental health.

Is the claim interesting and entertaining?

How do you say so?
Yes, Rey.
Ma’am Bible.
Very good! Many can relate to this since certain
topic since almost everyone uses social media and
it is also very timely.

Is the presented sample claim logical?

Why?
Yes, Micah.
(The student will give an example.)
Very good!
It is logical since reasons can be presented by the
use of factual evidences such as studies and
articles.

There are three types of claims and these are the

claim of facts, claim of value and claim of policy.

Let us first define the claim of fact.

Who wants to read the definition?
Yes, Rea.

Based from the given definition, who can explain

what a claim of fact is.
Yes, Kyla.

Very good! Ma’am it as the words should and

Yes, Alex you want to add something? must.

Brilliant!
Your ideas are correct.
Claim of fact refers to a condition that has existed
in the past, existing at present and will exist in the
future. These are based on data, documents and
scientific observation and research.

These are some examples of claim of facts. (The student will give an example.)
1.Global warming will impact future
generations and eventually ruin the
environment.
2. All men are created by God as equal
creation.

Take a look at the example number 2. What

factual evidences can be presented to prove that
claim?
Yes, Ishmael.

Very good! Bible is a reliable evidence to prove

this claim. Take note that, that claim is still
argumentative and debatable since some may also
disagree to that certain statement.

Kindly give more examples of Claim of fact.

Yes, Jillian.

Brlliant, Jillian!

The next kind of claim is the claim of policy

which attempts to persuade you or others to take
some action or change a behavior usually to solve
a problem. You can easily identify a claim of
policy for it uses terms like "should", "ought" and
"must".

Here are some examples: (The student will give an example)

1.Smoking should be prohibited in public
places.
2.The government must devote more funds
to building schools than building roads. Yes, Ma’am!

What have you noticed about the given examples?

None, Ma’am.
Very good!
When we say claim of policy, the mood is always
imperative, it means that it is giving command to
people which is still argumentative since some
may agree and some may disagree.

Who wants to give an example aside from what

was mentioned.
Yes, Alex.

Very good!

The last kind of claim is the claim of value which

asserts something that can be qualified. They
consist of arguments about moral, philosophical,
or aesthetic topics. These types of topics try to
prove that some values are more or less desirable
compared to others. They make judgments based
on certain standards, on whether something is
right or wrong, good or bad, or something similar.
This type of claim is somewhat opinionated and
subjective.

For example,
1. Taking vitamins is better than
eating fruits and vegetables in
terms of boosting our immune
system.
2. Throwing garbage everywhere is
a bad habit.
As you can see, based from the given examples,
claim of value answers the questions, is it right? Is
it wrong? Is it good? Is it bad? and the like. Also,
claim of value may have comparison whether one
thing has a better value than the other.

Who wants to give an example?

Yes, Romeo.
Very well!
So, those are the different kinds of claims. Did
you get it class?

Do you have any questions, clarifications or

violent reactions?

Alright, if that’s so, get ready for an activity.

C. Application

For activity 1, I want you to read the paragraph

carefully and look for the claim. Copy the needed
information in your activity sheet to answer.
Briefly explain your claim choice. You will be
given 5 minutes to finish the activity.

Is that clear?

In bustling Philippine markets, adobo stands out

as a culinary masterpiece, blending indigenous
and Spanish influences. This fusion of flavors
symbolizes Filipino resilience in the face of
colonialism. Beyond its taste, adobo reflects
communal values, with families across the
archipelago sharing their own versions, passing
down traditions and fostering a sense of
belonging.
Claim:
________________________________________
________________________________________

Type of claim:
________________________________________
________________________________________

Explanation on claim choice:

________________________________________
________________________________________

Times up!
 D. Generalization and Valuing

Can anyone from the group share what s/he have

learn today?
Yes, Chalotte. Ma’am, I’ve learned about the
different types of claims.

Very good! And what are the kinds of claims? Ma’am the kinds of claims are:
Yes, Stanley.
1. Claim of fact
2. Claim of policy
3. Claim of value
Very good!
Who can differentiate the three types of claims?
Yes, Jaycerill. (The student will answer)

Excellent!
Now, why is it important to evaluate and identify
the claims made by an author?

You’re right! As I have mentioned before,

evaluating the claims made by an author is one of
the most important skills needed in critical
reading. Your ability to identify the explicit and
implicit information in a text will help you
recognize the writer’s arguments and evidence so
you can begin judging the writer’s work.
Is that understood, my dear students? Yes, Ma’am!

IV. Evaluation

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. The following are characteristics of a good claim EXCEPT

a. argumentative and debatable
b. fun and entertaining
c. interesting and engaging
d. specific and focused
2. Coronavirus is now classified as a pandemic. What type of claim is this?
a. claim of fact
b. claim of judgment
c. claim of policy
d. claim of value
3. What specific claim asserts some empirical (experience/ observation-based)
truth?
a. claim of fact
b. claim of judgment
c. claim of policy
d. claim of value
4. Which of the following statements is an example of a claim?
a. Annie thinks that we should have a universal health care.
b. Filipinos need to exercise their right to vote.
c. Ruiz believes that change has come.
d. All of the above
5. Which of the following types of claim leads to action?
a. claim of fact
b. claim of judgment
c. claim of policy
d. claim of value
6. Which of the following question is intended for claim of policy?
a. Is it a yes or no?
b. Is it right or wrong?
c. Is it true or untrue?
d. What action can be taken?
7. This question is intended for claim of value.
a. Is it a yes or no?
b. Is it right or wrong?
c. Is it true or untrue?
d. What action can be taken?
8. Giving vaccines to children without sufficient scientific studies is wrong.
What specific claim is the given statement?
a. claim of fact
b. claim of judgment
c. claim of policy
d. claim of value
9. Which is not the reference of claim of value?
a. ethics b. belief
c. fiction d. philosophy
10. In claim of policy, which modal verb should not be used?
a. could b. have to
c. must d. should

V. Assignment

Directions: In a one (1) whole sheet of paper, write an essay about a certain topic or
an issue in our community based on the claim that you’ve chosen.

Prepared by:

LOVELY DAUN C. SANCHEZ

Pre- Service Teacher

Checked by:

CRISTINE C. GUYA
Resource Teacher
Checked by:

RODEL M. REYES
Subject Group Head- HUMSS