HERITAGE
TOURISM
HERITAGE TOURISM(WEEK1)
- UNESCO is the United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization.
-It seeks to build peace through international cooperation in
Education, the Sciences and Culture. UNESCO's programmes
contribute to the achievement of the Sustainable
Development Goals defined in Agenda 2030, adopted by the
UN General Assembly in 2015.
UNESCO VISION
-Political and economic arrangements of governments are not
enough to secure the lasting and sincere support of the
peoples. Peace must be founded upon dialogue and mutual
understanding. Peace must be built upon the intellectual and
moral solidarity of humanity
-In this spirit, UNESCO develops educational tools to help
people live as global citizens free of hate and intolerance.
UNESCO works so that each child and citizen has access to
quality education. By promoting cultural heritage and the
equal dignity of all cultures, UNESCO strengthens bonds
among nations.UNESCO fosters scientific programmes and
policies as platforms for development and cooperation. UNESC
stands up for freedom of expression, as a
fundamental right and a key condition for democracy and
development. Serving as a laboratory of ideas, UNESCO
helps countries adopt international standards and manages
programmes that foster the free flow of ideas and knowledge
sharing.
-UNESCO's founding vision was born in response to a world
war that was marked by racist and anti-Semitic violence. Seve
years on and many liberation struggles later, UNESCO’s
mandate is as relevant as ever. Cultural
diversity is under attack and new forms of intolerance,
rejection of scientific facts and threats to freedom of
expression challenges peace and human rights. In response,
UNESCO's duty remains to reaffirm the humanist missions of
education, science and culture.
THE ROLE OF UNESCO IN HERITAGE
CONSERVATION
- UNESCO has a certain merited credibility for its role in major
works related to the preservation of cultural heritage. That
credibility stems from the 1960’s and 1970’s, when
international campaigns launched by UNESCO for the
protection and enhancement of major cultural sites in
Indonesia, Egypt, Italy, Pakistan caught a great momentum.
-UNESCO continued with launching campaigns for heritage
protection of universally recognized cultural
heritage sites in the 1980’s and 1990’s. Things however,
had changed. The number of campaigns was inflated.
Too many campaigns, too few projects in the making,
and, above all, no funds forthcoming for such campaigns
in different parts of the world. The nature of the
campaigns was also in terms of universal value-less
appealing to the world audience. There was a certain
inflation in increasing the number of campaigns which in
most cases led to no international funding, but were
worthless in some cases immobilizing international funds
from other sources e.g. La Plaza Vieja, Habana (Cuba) –
Fez (Morocco) etc. Others simply disappeared.
-Over the last 25 years or so most of the funds for
medium-scale and large-scale projects used by
UNESCO, were provided by extrabudgetary funds, the
bulk being provided by UNDP, as were the rules of
technical cooperation, namely
UNDP-UNESCO-Government concerned.
LESSON 2
Initiative in Promoting World Heritage
Preservation
-The World Heritage Volunteers Initiative (WHV) was
launched in 2008 to encourage young people to
undertake concrete actions and to play an active role in
the protection, preservation and promotion of World
Heritage sites.
-It consists of action camps organized by youth
organizations or institutions in cooperation with multiple
stakeholders and partners, which work all together for
the state of conservation of World Heritage sites. The
initiative mobilizes national and international volunteers
through hands-on and awareness-raising activities for
the conservation of our common cultural and natural
heritage.
-The cultural heritage of Europe ranges from natural to
digital and from tangible to intangible forms. While
natural heritage consists of flora and fauna of any
particular landscape, the digital heritage is man-made
animation or digital art as well as texts, videos, images
and records.
-The historic artifacts, monuments and buildings,
archaeological sites, towns, books, artwork and clothing
are part of tangible heritage. The intangible heritage
denotes the abstract forms of heritage such as
representations, knowledge, practices, expressions, skills,
associated objects, cultural spaces, performing arts,
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traditional craftsmanship, oral traditions and social CULTURAL HERITAGE
practices -The tangible and intangible assets that are passed down
-While cherishing the above, there is the need of from generation to generation within a specific group,
protecting them, keep them safe from natural or society, or culture are referred to as cultural heritage. These
man-made harm and garner conversation in cultural assets can include customs, beliefs, practices, artwork,
diversity. languages, and knowledge.
-It also includes material assets that are significant to
IMPORTANCE OF HERITAGE TOURISM a culture's history and identity, such as monuments,
-For numerous reasons, heritage tourism holds locations, relics, and objects. Cultural legacy is valued for its
significance in every nation. educational and economic benefits, as well as for preserving
-Instills and reinforces national identity a culture's distinct identity and past.
-People tend to learn better their roots. INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE
-Generates awareness to other people. -The term "industrial heritage" describes the tangible
-Individuals learn to appreciate and accept individuals remnants and cultural items connected to a society's
from different countries through heritage tourism industrialization. It includes both concrete and intangible
-Educates the tourists. remnants of the industrial past, such as mills, factories,
-The greatest approach to discover new cultures and transportation networks, worker housing, and surrounding
gain knowledge while traveling is through heritage tourism environments, in addition to the social structures, cultural
-Generates economic vitality customs, and knowledge that arose as a result of
-By boosting cultural attractions, travelers increase industrialization.
economic activity, create jobs, and increase per capital -Industrial history can be conserved for cultural and
household Income. educational purposes and can be a useful tool for
-Leverages human capital. studying a society's technological, social, and economic
-The productivity of the populace is increased by growth.
heritage tourism, especially for those who work in the
tourism industry. RELIGIOUS HERITAGE
–Restores and revitalizes a geographic area -The term "religious heritage" describes the material and
-When a particular location or attraction immaterial cultural legacy connected to particular
captures people's interest, both the public and religions and their rituals. It includes a broad variety of
commercial sectors work to protect it so that future architectural constructions, cultural customs, and religious
generations can visit and enjoy it. festivals, rituals, and oral traditions. Examples of these
-Expands business and tax revenue. Heritage include temples, cathedrals, mosques, shrines, and
tourism raises the GDP, as well as taxes collected religious paintings, sculptures, and manuscripts.
by the government -Religious legacy is frequently regarded as having
-Creates an innovative habitat. Heritage tourism significant historical, cultural, and architectural value
attracts knowledge-based workers and can be a useful source of spiritual inspiration and
-Creates a sense of pride and belonging by residents. cultural identity for individuals and communities. A sense
Communities begin to espouse a good sense of of common cultural heritage can be greatly influenced by
ownership for the sites; hence, they take the initiative the preservation of religious legacy, which can also help
to preserve them. to foster tolerance for variety and intercultural
understanding.
TYPE OF HERITAGE TOURISM
HISTORICAL HERITAGE
NATURAL HERITAGE -The cultural, architectural, archeological, and natural
-Natural heritage is the term used to describe aspects of resources that have been inherited from earlier generations
the environment that are valued for their ecological, and are deemed important to a society's history, identity, and
scientific, cultural, artistic, or educational values and cultural heritage are referred to in this sort of heritage
should be preserved and protected for future generations. tourism. Buildings, monuments, landscapes, relics, and

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other items that have been conserved over time and LESSON 3
have historical, cultural, artistic, or scientific significance Criteria for the Inclusion of Cultural Properties
may be considered among these assets.
on the World Heritage List
-A society's historical and cultural legacies are meant to
-Article 1 of the Convention, that is reproduced below:
be preserved for future generations, and historical
-monuments: architectural works, works of monumental
heritage is considered as a means of understanding
sculpture and painting, elements or structures of an
and establishing connections with the past.
archaeological nature, inscriptions, cave dwellings and
combinations of features, which are of outstanding
FEATURES OF HERITAGE TOURISM
universal value from the point of view of history, art or
Focus on Cultural and Historical Significance
science;
-Heritage tourism focuses on visiting and experiencing
-groups of buildings: groups of separate or connected
sites, monuments, and other attractions that have
buildings which, because of their architecture, their
cultural, historical, or natural significance
homogeneity or their place in the landscape, are of
outstanding universal value from the point of view of
Education and Learning
history, art or science
-Heritage tourism often provides an opportunity for visitors
-sites: works of man or the combined works of nature and of
learn about the history and culture of a particular place
man, and areas including archaeological sites which are
or region.
of outstanding universal value from the historical,
aesthetic,ethnological or anthropological points of view.
Conservation and Preservation.
-A monument, group of buildings or site -- as defined
-Heritage tourism can play an important role in conserving
above -- which is nominated for inclusion on the World
and preserving cultural and historical sites, monuments,
Heritage List will be considered to be of “outstanding
and other attractions, by providing financial support for
universal value” for the purpose of the Convention when
their maintenance and restoration.
the Committee finds that it meets one or more of the
following criteria and the test of authenticity. Each
Economic Impact
property nominated should therefore:
-The heritage tourism can have a significant economic
(i) represent a masterpiece of human creative genius; or
impact on local communities, generating revenue through
(ii) exhibit an important interchange of human values,
visitor spending, employment, and investment in local
over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world,
businesses
on developments in architecture, monumental arts or
town-planning and landscape design; or
Community Involvement
(iii) bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a
-Heritage tourism often involves the participation and
cultural tradition or to a civilisation which is living or which
involvement of local communities, who may have a stake
has disappeared; or
in the preservation and promotion of their cultural and
(iv) be an outstanding example of a type of building or
historical heritage.
architectural ensemble or landscape which illustrates
(a) significant stage(s) in human history; or
Sustainable Tourism.
(v) be an outstanding example of a traditional human
-Heritage tourism is often based on principles of
settlement or land-use which is representative of a
sustainable tourism, seeking to balance the benefits of
culture (or cultures), especially when it has become
tourism with the protection of cultural and historical
vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change; or
heritage sites and their local environments.
(vi) be directly or tangibly associated with events or living
traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic
and literary works of outstanding universal significance (the
Committee considers that this criterion should justify
inclusion in the List only in exceptional circumstances or in
conjunction with other criteria cultural or natural)

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Criteria for the Inclusion of Natural Properties
on the World Heritage List In accordance with
Article 2 of the Convention
-“natural features consisting of physical and biological
formations or groups of such formations, which are of
outstanding universal value from the aesthetic or
scientific point of view; geological and physiographical
formations and precisely delineated areas which
constitute the habitat of threatened species of animals
and plants of outstanding universal value from the point
of view of science or conservation; natural sites or
precisely delineated natural areas of outstanding
universal value from the point of view of science,
conservation of natural beauty.”
-A natural heritage property -- as defined above -- which
is submitted for inclusion on the World Heritage List, will
be considered to be of “outstanding universal value” for
the purposes of the Convention when the Committee
finds that it meets one or more of the following criteria,
and fulfills the conditions of integrity set out below. Sites
nominated should therefore:
-(i) be outstanding examples representing major stages
of earth’s history, including the record of life,
significant ongoing geological processes in the
development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or
physiographic features; or
-(ii) be outstanding examples representing significant
ongoing ecological and biological processes in the
evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water,
coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of
plants and animals; or
-(iii) contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of
exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance; or
-(iv) contain the most important and significant natural
habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity,
including those containing threatened species of
outstanding universal value from the point of view of
science or conservation.
-To boost management effectiveness, the Centre is
setting up an information web site that will enable
managers to share case studies and best practices, from
which they may select and adapt approaches as
appropriate for their sites. Along with other UNESCO
units, the Centre supports the ICOMOS Charter for
Sustainable Cultural Tourism. These guidelines include a
complete outline of cultural tourism policies that can aid
policy development at the country
and site level. Many of the recommendations can be
adapted for natural areas
COMPONENTS OF HERITAGE TOURISM
-A heritage tourism product arises whenever tourist
activities center around heritage. It is created, marketed,
recorded, and overseen. A quality historical tourist
offering needs to be reasonable, obtainable, appealing,
and real. In general, the various types of heritage tourism
offerings or destinations
LANDMARKS, MONUMENTS, AND HISTORICAL SITES
-Travelers are in awe of their historical significance or
architectural beauty.
LITERATURE AND FOLKLORE
-These are stories from myths, epics, folklore, poetry, novels,
plays, puzzles, and the like.
MUSIC AND DANCES
-Travelers are often enthralled with music and dance, which
are said to be universal languages. Flamenco is a
captivating dance from Spain; sitar is an Indian musical
instrument with a unique sound; and reggae music is what
Jamaica has given to the globe
RELIGION AND SPIRITUAL BELIEFS
-This category of heritage tourism includes evangelistic tours
of religious leaders, pilgrimages, religious ceremonies and
festivals, and visits to places of worship.
LANGUAGE, DIALECTS, AND COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM
-It facilitates the formation of ties and helps people obtain
employment and commercial transactions, this kind of
cultural tourism is becoming more and more popular. These
frequently appear in writing, music, ceremonies, and artifacts
as well.
ARTS AND CRAFTS
-It consist of paintings, sculptures, sketches, photos, movies,
performing arts,handicrafts, clothing, and even hieroglyphics
are among them.
RELICS, ARTIFACTS, AND ANTIQUITIES
-This type of legacy tourism focuses on the past and uses
artifacts, literature, and buildings to
illustrate the beginnings of a certain nation or group.
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SPORTS AND GAMES STAKEHOLDERS AND PARTNERS, WHICH WORK ALL
-These range from traditional to modern sports TOGETHER FOR THE STATE OF CONSERVATION OF
that are either played at big sporting events or WORLD HERITAGE SITES.
in communities, to traditional or indigenous -THE INITIATIVE MOBILIZES NATIONAL AND
games. INTERNATIONAL VOLUNTEERS THROUGH
HANDS-ON AND AWARENESS-RAISING ACTIVITIES
CUSTOMS, TRADITIONS, AND WAYS OF FOR THE CONSERVATION OF OUR COMMON
LIFE CULTURAL AND NATURAL HERITAGE.
-These include social customs, values, -IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE UNESCO WORLD
behaviors, and marriage, adulting, dining, raising HERITAGE EDUCATION PROGRAM, THE INITIATIVE IS
children, education, rest, wooing, bathing, LED BY THE UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE CENTRE
meditation, purchasing and selling, greeting and (WHC) IN COLLABORATION WITH THE
parting, journeying, painting and body adornment, COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR INTERNATIONAL
home decor, and conversational patterns. VOLUNTARY SERVICE (CCIVS), EUROPEAN
HERITAGE VOLUNTEERS (AS A BRANCH OF OPEN
LIVELIHOOD AND INDUSTRIES HOUSES) AND BETTER WORLD.
-This type of historical tourism showcases the
intriguing customs upheld and the methods of THE GROWTH OF HERITAGE TOURISM
subsistence of communities across different
locations. BARTER SYSTEM
-Around 6000 B.C., the Phoenicians and the tribes of
FESTIVALS Mesopotamia initiated this. Long distances were traveled to
-Festivals can be centered around religion, art, a way exchange commodities with people in different locations until
of life, music, sports, literature, or even the Lydians, around 610 B.C., established money.
celebrities, which explains their immense diversity.
Certain festivals are also recognized as public SILK ROAD ROUTE
holidays in various nations. -Served as a vital conduit for cultural exchange between
South Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, offering both
CUISINE AND BEVERAGES land and seaborne commercial routes. The rich silk trade
-Tourists are so fascinated by food and drink that that took place all along its length gave rise to the moniker.
numerous locations have made a name for themselves caravans date back to the Han period (207 B.C.).
with their unique culinary offerings. These locations range
from banquets, specialty restaurants, fast food chains, GRAND TOUR
pubs, and bars to the more modest street food portable -This relates to the 17th and 18th century tradition of a
stalls. traditional trip to Europe, usually taken by young European
men of sufficient means and rank who had reached
LESSON4 adulthood (roughly 21 years old) 35 This allowed the tourists
INCENTIVE TO PRESERVE AND PROMOTE to encounter challenging cultures in a single, protracted
CULTURE AND NATURAL HERITAGE voyage. Typically, the travellers were accompanied by a
-THE WORLD HERITAGE VOLUNTEERS INITIATIVE chaperone, such as a family member.
(WHV) WAS LAUNCHED IN 2008 TO ENCOURAGE
YOUNG PEOPLE TO UNDERTAKE CONCRETE THE OLYMPIAD
ACTIONS AND TO PLAY AN ACTIVE ROLE IN THE -The inaugural Olympic Games in Athens set the precedent
PROTECTION, PRESERVATION AND PROMOTION OF for sports- based intercultural understanding. Through the
WORLD HERITAGE SITES. IT CONSISTS OF ACTION current era, this tradition has been upheld.
CAMPS ORGANIZED BY YOUTH ORGANIZATIONS OR
INSTITUTIONS IN COOPERATION WITH MULTIPLE

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PILGRIMAGES A. Award of Excellence, which demonstrates
-Every major religion in the world has a unique set of exceptional achievement in all criteria and has
religious pilgrimages, often called festivals, that are a major catalytic impact at the national or
marked by a planned gathering of followers at sacred regional level;
locations. B. Award of Distinction, which demonstrates
outstanding achievement in all criteria and has
CURRENTLY a significant impact at the national or regional
-Schools currently motivate young people to go on field level;
trips or educational tours, which allow them to explore C. Award of Merit, which demonstrates superior
and experience different cultures. Some people conduct achievement in all criteria;
research on legacy and culture labor migrants. Over the D. Special Recognition for Sustainable
last fifty years, there has been a significant increase in the Development, which demonstrates noteworthy
number of workers seeking jobs in the US, Canada, achievement in all criteria and has a significant
Australia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Japan, Middle East, impact in contributing to sustainable
and Europe, especially from developing and impoverished development.
nations -The projects are being assessed on two main areas of
achievement: contextual design and sustainability and
LESSON 5 impact.
UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural -The levels of achievement are as follows:
A. Award for New Design in Heritage Contexts,
Heritage Conservation
which demonstrate outstanding achievement in
-Throughout Asia and the Pacific, cultural heritage sites
all criteria;
are under threat. As heritage buildings and properties are
B. Special Recognition for Sustainable
largely in private ownership, the role of private individuals
Development, which demonstrates noteworthy
and institutions in protecting these vulnerable sites is
achievement in all criteria and has a significant
paramount. Recognizing this,UNESCO seeks to
impact in contributing to sustainable
encourage private sector involvement and public-private
development.
collaboration in conserving the region’s cultural heritage
for the benefit of current and future generations.
-Since 2000, UNESCO Asia-Pacific Awards for Cultural
Heritage Conservation have been
recognizing the achievement of the private sector and
Special Recognition for Sustainable
public-private initiatives in successfully conserving or Development
restoring structures, places and properties of heritage -Culture is a driver and an enabler for achieving
value in the region. There are two categories for sustainable development. The Award- winning projects
recognition, of which are the Awards for Cultural are real-life exemplars of how the principles of sustainable
Heritage Conservation category and the Awards for development can mutually reinforce the practice of
New Design in Heritage Contexts category. heritage conservation at the local, national and regional
levels. They show how heritage is a pillar of sustainable
Cultural Heritage Conservation Category development, while a sustainable development
-This category was established in 2000 to recognize perspective can lend depth, complexity and relevance to
excellent achievement in successfully conserving or heritage endeavors.
restoring heritage buildings and properties in the region -UNESCO is introducing this special recognition for
private sector or by public-private initiatives. projects that demonstrate noteworthy achievement in
-The Awards recognize excellence in three main areas all criteria and has a significant impact in contributing
of achievement: understanding the place, technical to sustainable development. All successful entries to the
achievement, and sustainability and impact. Awards’ two categories of submission are automatically
-The levels of achievement are as follows: eligible for receiving the Special Recognition for
Sustainable Development.

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Selection Process and Prize

-The Award-winning projects are selected from entries
that have been submitted to UNESCO Bangkok every
year by a Jury composed of 5 to 7 international
conservation experts appointed by UNESCO.
-Award-winning projects will receive one bronze plaque
and a certificate of recognition (multiple certificates will be
provided upon request).

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